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11. Cryptolarynx pyrophilus Haran sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 93795B58-0E02-4471-8486-42670DD6458A Figs 1K, 2K, 3K, 4K, 5K, 7C, 8B–C Differential diagnosis Cryptolarynx pyrophilus sp. nov. can be distinguished from other species of the genus by its very wide forehead (2× as wide as width of an eye) and by the suberect scales on the epifrons. It is most similar to C. cederbergensis sp. nov., the two species showing interspecific genetic distances ranging from 20.9% to 23.3% for COI and 5.2 % for EF1 among the specimens available for study. Etymology The species was named in reference to the migration of specimens towards recently burnt areas observed in this species, formed from combining the Greek nouns ‘ pyr ’ (‘fire’) and ‘ philia ’ (‘affection’). The specific epithet is an adjective in the masculine form. Material examined Holotype REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA • ♂; “ REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA. Western Cape Province, Montagu [4 km SE]. 23.ix.2018. J. Haran leg.” “ 33.814° S 20.151° E, Oxalis spp. JHAR01528_0101. Cirad-CBGP coll.” “Holotype. Cryptolarynx pyrophilus. Haran 2023”; SAMC. Paratypes REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA – Western Cape • 2 ♂♂, 17 specs (preserved in ethanol); same collection data as for holotype; CBGP • 1 ♀; Montagu; [33.79° S, 20.12° E]; 1–24 Oct. 1924; R.E. Turner leg.; 466; NHMUK • 1 ♀; Hex River Valley; [ca 33.43° S, 19.72° E]; Jun. 1883; SANC. Description (♂) MEASUREMENTS. Body length 1.5–4.5 mm. COLOUR AND VESTITURE. Body integument black, antennae and tarsi reddish. Dorsal vestiture (pronotum + elytra) consisting of overlapping, recumbent, parallel-sided clothing scales, 2–3 × as long as wide, truncate or rounded at apex; colour of scales varying from creamy-white to pale brown to dark brown; white scales concentrated in two longitudinal stripes laterally on pronotum and on elytral interstriae 4, creating a broad, dark medial stripe on pronotum and basal ⅔ of elytra; white scales forming a pair of spots surrounded by black scales on interstriae 3 at apical ⅔ of elytral length; scales of striae recumbent, in lateral view not distinct from rest of vestiture. HEAD. Forehead very wide, 1.3 × as wide as epifrons near antennal insertions, 2 × as wide as width of an eye, scales recumbent. Eyes convex, in dorsal view slightly exceeding outline of head, surrounded by a ring of short pale scales, on forehead directed towards occiput; distance between eye and scrobe as large as width of antennal club. Epifrons with distance between antennal insertions 0.75× length of scape, scales at least 2× as long as wide, suberect, contiguous. Frons with a single pair of erect lateral setae. Epistome with single elongate median seta. Antennal funicles with segment 1 elongate; 2 shorter, at most 1.5× as long as wide; 3–4 globular, isodiametric, compressed, slightly angular on inside; 5–6 globular, isodiametric; 7 wider than long. PRONOTUM. Transverse (W:L ratio 1.4), widest near midlength, sides arcuate; apex slightly narrower than base. ELYTRA. Broadly ovate, slightly wider than long (W:L ratio 1.1), sides convex, widest near midlength. LEGS. Tibiae with apical mucro; protibiae with outer margin straight, inner margin bisinuate; metatibiae with inner setal fringe, the setae shorter than segment 5 of metatarsus. Tarsi with segment 2 wider than long. ABDOMEN. Ventrite 1 concave medially; ventrites 1–4 with creamy-white plumose scales, almost concealing integument, intermixed with long suberect scales; ventrite 5 devoid of scales in apical half, there bearing only erect setae. TERMINALIA. Body of penis elongate (W:L ratio 0.3–0.4), as long as temones, sides subparallel, converging in apical third; curvature in profile weak and regular, dorsoventrally narrowed before apex. Copulatory sclerite shaped like a reversed plunger. Parameroid lobes separate, divided by deep median notch, each lobe broad, bearing a series of long setae directed apicad. Spiculum gastrale with basal arms long, regularly curved. Sexual dimorphism The sexes can be distinguished by the shape of the elytra (wider than long in male, longer than wide, more broadly ovate in female), and females also have a wider forehead and smaller metatibial mucrones. Life history Large numbers of adults of C. pyrophilus sp. nov. were collected in and close to a recently burnt area (seven months prior to sampling), at the bases of emerging Oxalis pes-caprae L. plants; see the subsection Behaviour below for details. The heat tolerance of this species was assessed in a comparative study of weevils associated with fire-prone ecosystems, but the adults showed a lower tolerance to heat than those of C. variabilis sp. nov. (Javal et al. 2022). Adults were collected in September and October. Distribution The species occurs in the inland valleys of Montagu and the Hex River (Fig. 13).

19. Cryptolarynx marshalli Haran sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: B4281E9A-F0FF-42D4-8099-9ADA5005C6E5 Figs 1S, 2S, 3S, 4S, 5S, 7G–I Differential diagnosis Cryptolarynx marshalli sp. nov. is closely related to C. oberprieleri sp. nov. but distinctly more elongate, and the apex of its parameroid lobes is also distinct (Fig. 2O–S). See Differential diagnosis section under species C. oberprieleri for the genetic distances between these species. Etymology This species is dedicated to the late weevil expert Sir Guy A.K. Marshall, who described the genus and its original two species and discussed its unique characters among known weevils. The specific epithet is a noun in the genitive case. Material examined Holotype REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA • ♂; “ REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA. Western Cape Province, Worcester. 3.vii.2019. J. Haran leg.” “ 33.613° S 19.447° E. at base of Oxalis imbricata. JHAR02355_0101. Cirad-CBGP coll.” “Holotype. Cryptolarynx marshalli. Haran 2023”; SAMC. Paratypes REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA – Western Cape • 1 ♂, 2 specs; same collection data as for holotype; CBGP. Description (♂) MEASUREMENTS. Body length 2.5–2.9 mm. COLOUR AND VESTITURE. Body integument black, antennae, tibiae and tarsi reddish. Dorsal vestiture (pronotum + elytra) consisting of overlapping, recumbent, parallel-sided clothing scales, 3× as long as wide, truncate at apex; colour of scales mostly brown, white scales interspersed with pale brown scales concentrated in two longitudinal bands on pronotum, at base of elytral interstriae 4, and in a pair of pale spots surrounded by black scales at apical ⅔ of interstriae 3; scales of striae recumbent, in lateral view not or only very slightly distinct from rest of vestiture. HEAD. Forehead wide, slightly wider than epifrons near antennal insertions, scales suberect. Eyes convex, in dorsal view slightly exceeding outline of head, surrounded by a ring of short scales, on forehead directed towards occiput; distance between eye and scrobe smaller than width of antennal club. Epifrons with distance between antennal insertions slightly smaller than length of scape, scales at least 2 × as long as wide, recumbent, mostly non-contiguous. Frons with 3 pairs of erect lateral setae. Epistome without median seta. Antennal funicles with segment 1 moderately elongate, 1.5 longer than wide; 2 subequal in length to 1; 2 and 4 compressed, slightly angular on inside; 5–7 globular, isodiametric or wider than long. PRONOTUM. Moderately transverse (W:L ratio 1.2), widest near midlength, sides arcuate; apex and base subequal in width. ELYTRA. Bullet-shaped, longer than wide (W:L ratio 0.85), sides convex, widest anteriorly of midlength. LEGS. Slender. Tibiae with apical mucro; protibiae with outer margin straight, inner margin slightly bisinuate; metatibiae with inner setal fringe, setae shorter than segment 5 of metatarsus. Tarsi with segment 2 wider than long. ABDOMEN. Ventrite with creamy-white plumose scales not fully concealing integument, scales on ventrites 2–5 medially intermixed with long suberect setae, apically bifid or not; ventrite 1 slightly concave medially, impression covered with long setae deeply divided from their bases; ventrite 5 with scales concentrated laterally and on basal third. TERMINALIA. Body of penis moderately elongate (W:L ratio 0.45), slightly shorter than temones, sides convex; curvature in profile weak, stronger in basal half, not dorsoventrally narrowed at apex. Copulatory sclerite weakly sclerotised or not discerned in examined specimens. Parameroid lobes separate, divided by modest median notch, each lobe broad, bearing a series of setae directed apicad, median setae longer. Spiculum gastrale with basal arms long, right arm slightly angulate at its midlength. Sexual dimorphism The sexes can be distinguished by the elytra (shorter in male) and by ventrite 1 in the female lacking the long, deeply divided setae. Life history All specimens of this species were collected in July at the base of Oxalis imbricata Eckl. & Zeyh. plants. Distribution The species is only known from the type locality (Fig. 13)., Published as part of Haran, Julien M., Marvaldi, Adriana E., Benoit, Laure, Oberlander, Kenneth, Stals, Riaan & Oberprieler, Rolf G., 2023, Revision of the enigmatic South African Cryptolaryngini (Coleoptera, Curculionidae), with description of a new genus and twenty-two new species, pp. 1-89 in European Journal of Taxonomy 877 (1) on pages 54-56, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2023.877.2151, http://zenodo.org/record/8110586

Tribe Cryptolaryngini Van Schalkwyk, 1966 Cryptopharynginae Marshall, 1957: 18, not available (based on homonymic genus name). Type genus: Cryptopharynx Marshall, 1957 (unavailable, junior homonym). Cryptolarynginae Van Schalkwyk, 1966: 745 (replacement name for Cryptopharynginae). Type genus: Cryptolarynx Van Schalkwyk, 1966 (replacement name for Cryptopharynx Marshall, 1957). Periegini Legalov, 2003: 68. Type genus: Perieges Schoenherr, 1842. Cryptolaryngidae – Thompson 1992: 873, 877, 882. — Alonso-Zarazaga & Lyal 1999: 72. — Alonso-Zarazaga 2013: 497. Cryptolaryngini – Kuschel 1995: 22. — Oberprieler et al. 2007: 506. — Alonso-Zarazaga 2013: 497. — Oberprieler 2014: 437–438. — Alonso-Zarazaga et al. 2017: 13, 112. — Legalov 2020: 320, 322. Periegini – Oberprieler 2014: 438. — Legalov 2020: 322. Key to the genera of Cryptolaryngini Van Schalkwyk, 1966 1. Scales on elytra subcircular, at most slightly longer than wide, appressed and imbricate (concealing integument). Eyes more lateral, interocular distance twice width of epifrons. Tarsi subcylindrical. Male genitalia with spiculum gastrale symmetrical. Western and Central Asia.................................................................................................................................................. Perieges Schoenherr, 1842 – Scales on elytra generally elongate, at least 1.5 × as long as wide, dense to tessellate, if shorter then not concealing integument (Fig. 1B). Eyes more directed anteriad, interocular distance less than twice width of epifrons (Fig. 4A–X). Tarsi flattened. Male genitalia with spiculum gastrale asymmetrical (Fig. 2). Southern Africa............................................................................................ 2 2. Body in male globular or moderately elongate, elytral W:L ratio 0.85–1.1. Pronotum widest at or just behind its midlength.Metatarsi with segment 2 short, at most as long as wide.Body in male more globular and shorter than in female.Parameroid plate of tegmen apically divided into two parameroid lobes, bearing erect setae on apical and/or subapical margins (Fig. 2A–W).......... Cryptolarynx Van Schalkwyk, 1966 – Body in male elongate, elytral W:L ratio 0.7. Pronotum widest in apical third of length. Metatarsi with segment 2 long, at least 1.5× as long as wide (Fig. 8F). Body in male more elongate than in female. Parameroid plate of tegmen apically undivided, its margin devoid of setae (Fig. 2X)............................................................................................................. Hadrocryptolarynx Haran gen. nov., Published as part of Haran, Julien M., Marvaldi, Adriana E., Benoit, Laure, Oberlander, Kenneth, Stals, Riaan & Oberprieler, Rolf G., 2023, Revision of the enigmatic South African Cryptolaryngini (Coleoptera, Curculionidae), with description of a new genus and twenty-two new species, pp. 1-89 in European Journal of Taxonomy 877 (1) on pages 7-68, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2023.877.2151, http://zenodo.org/record/8110586, {"references":["Van Schalkwyk H. A. D. 1966. Change of curculionid (Coleoptera) generic name from Cryptopharynx to Cryptolarynx. South African Journal of Agricultural Science 9 (3): 745. https: // doi. org / 10520 / AJA 05858860 _ 266","Marshall G. A. K. 1957. A new subfamily of Curculionidae (Coleoptera). Proceedings of the Royal Entomological Society of London, Series B, Taxonomy 26 (1 - 2): 17 - 20. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 3113.1957. tb 01500. x","Legalov A. A. 2003. Taxonomy, Classification and Phylogeny of the Leaf-rolling Weevils (Coleoptera: Rhynchitidae, Attelabidae) of the World Fauna. Taksonomiya, Klassifikatsiya i Filogeniya Rinkhitid i Trubkovertov (Coleoptera: Rhynchitidae, Attelabidae) Mirovoi Fauny. Kapitel, Novosibirsk.","Thompson R. T. 1992. Observations on the morphology and classification of weevils (Coleoptera, Curculionoidea) with a key to major groups. Journal of Natural History 26 (4): 835 - 891. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222939200770511","Alonso-Zarazaga M. A. & Lyal C. H. C. 1999. A World Catalogue of Families and Genera of Curculionoidea (Insecta: Coleoptera) (Excepting Scolytidae and Platypodidae). Entomopraxis, Barcelona.","Alonso-Zarazaga M. A. 2013. Family Cryptolaryngidae Schalkwyk, 1966. In: Lobl I. & Smetana A. (eds) Catalogue of Palaearctic Coleoptera. Volume 8. Curculionoidea II: 497. Brill, Leiden. https: // doi. org / 10.1163 / 9789004259164","Kuschel G. 1995. A phylogenetic classification of Curculionoidea to families and subfamilies. Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Washington 14: 5 - 33.","Oberprieler R. G., Marvaldi A. E. & Anderson R. S. 2007. Weevils, weevils, weevils everywhere. Zootaxa 1668 (1): 491 - 520. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 1668.1.24","Oberprieler R. G. 2014. 3.7. 1 Brachycerinae Billberg, 1820. In: Leschen R. A. B. & Beutel, R. G. (eds) Handbook of Zoology, Vol. IV: Arthropoda: Insecta. Part 38: Coleoptera, Beetles. Volume 3: Morphology and Systematics (Phytophaga): 424 - 451. De Gruyter, Berlin. https: // doi. org / 10.1515 / 9783110274462.423","Alonso-Zarazaga M. A., Barrios H., Borovec R., Bouchard P., Caldara R., Colonnelli E., Gultekin L., Hlavac P., Korotyaev B., Lyal C. H. C., Machado A., Meregalli M., Pierotti H., Ren L., Sanchez-Ruiz M., Sforzi A., Silfverberg H., Skuhrovec J., Tryzna M., Velazquez de Castro A. J. & Yunakov N. N. 2017. Cooperative catalogue of Palaearctic Coleoptera Curculionoidea. Monografias Electronicas SEA 8: 1 - 729. Available from http: // sea-entomologia. org / monoelec. html [accessed 9 May 2023].","Legalov A. A. 2020. Annotated key to weevils of the world. Part 4. Subfamilies Erirhininae, Dryophthorinae and Cossoninae (Curculionidae). Ukrainian Journal of Ecology 10 (2): 319 - 331. https: // doi. org / 10.15421 / 2020 _ 104"]}

23. Cryptolarynx luteipennis Haran sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: EF56A88D-DBE8-4B40-8627-DF0E55A8E965 Figs 1W, 2W, 3W, 4W, 5W Differential diagnosis This species is most similar to C. san sp. nov.; see Differential diagnosis section under that species for diagnostic characters and genetic distances. Etymology The species name luteipennis refers to the orange or yellowish shades on elytra on many specimens of this species. These colours are seemingly unique to this species and provide an efficient camouflage of adults on the pinkish-orange sand on which they were found near Graafwater. The specific epithet is an adjective in the masculine form. Material examined Holotype REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA • ♂; “REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA. Western Cape Province, Graafwater [7 km N]. 26.vii.2019. J. Haran leg.” “ 32.091° S 18.590° E, at base of Oxalis spp. JHAR02468_0101. Cirad-CBGP coll.” “Holotype. Cryptolarynx luteipennis. Haran 2023”; SAMC. Paratypes REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA – Western Cape • 1 ♂, 1 ♀, 13 specs; same collection data as for holotype; CBGP • 1 ♂, 9 specs; same collection data as for holotype; JHAR02471; CBGP • 2 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀; Velddrif 13 km E, Doornfontein Farm; 32.800° S, 18.300° E; 31 Aug. 1981; S. Endrödy-Younga leg.; pitfall traps 59 days baited with banana; yellowish sands; E-Y:1871; TMSA • 1 ♂, 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; SANC • 1 ♂; Redelinghuys 20 km SW, Saamstaan Farm; 32.583° S, 18.367° E; 30 Aug. 1981; S. Endrödy-Younga leg.; pitfall traps 60 days baited with faeces; vegetated white dunes behind coastal dunes; E-Y:1866; TMSA • 1 ♂; Velddrif 3 km E; 32.767° S, 18.233° E; 31 Aug. 1981; S. Endrödy-Younga leg.; pitfall traps 59 days baited with banana; densely vegetated reddish sand; E-Y:1870; TMSA. Description (♂) MEASUREMENTS. Body length 1.8–2.6 mm. COLOUR AND VESTITURE. Body integument black, antennae, tibiae and tarsi reddish. Dorsal vestiture (pronotum + elytra) consisting of overlapping, recumbent, parallel-sided clothing scales, 1.5–2× as long as wide, truncate at apex; colour of scales black, dark brown to pale brown and yellow or orange; darkest scales forming medial longitudinal stripe over pronotum and on basal ⅔ of elytral interstriae 1–3; paler scales concentrated laterally on pronotum and on elytra from interstriae 4 laterad; white scales forming a pair of pale spots on elytral interstriae 2–3 at apical ¾ of elytral length; scales of striae recumbent, in lateral view not distinct from rest of vestiture. HEAD. Forehead wide, slightly wider than epifrons near antennal insertions, scales suberect, almost concealing integument. Eyes strongly convex, in dorsal view distinctly exceeding outline of head, surrounded by a ring of short scales, on forehead directed towards occiput; distance between eye and scrobe smaller than width of antennal club. Epifrons with distance between antennal insertions 0.33× length of scape, scales at least 2× as long as wide in middle, recumbent, non-contiguous. Frons with 3 pairs of erect lateral setae. Epistome without median seta. Antennal funicles with segment 1 elongate, 2× as long as wide; 2 slightly shorter than 1; 2 and 4 compressed, slightly angular on inside; 5–6 globular, isodiametric; 7 wider than long. PRONOTUM. Transverse (W:L ratio 1.45), widest near midlength, sides arcuate; apex slightly narrower than base. ELYTRA. Globular, slightly wider than long (W:L ratio 1.1), sides convex, widest near midlength. LEGS. Tibiae with apical mucro; protibiae with outer margin straight, inner margin bisinuate; metatibiae with inner setal fringe, setae shorter than segment 5 of metatarsus. Tarsi with segment 2 of protarsus transverse, of meso- and metatarsus isodiametric. ABDOMEN. Ventrites with creamy-white plumose scales not concealing integument, scales on ventrites 2–5 intermixed mostly medially with long suberect setae, bifid from midlength or at least at apex; ventrite 1 slightly concave medially, devoid of scales, impression covered with long setae, deeply divided from their bases; ventrite 5 devoid of scales, bearing only erect setae. TERMINALIA. Body of penis moderately elongate (W:L ratio 0.5), 0.66 × length of temones, sides convex; curvature in profile weak, more strongly downcurved near apex, not dorsoventrally narrowed at apex. Copulatory sclerite weakly sclerotised or not discerned in examined specimens. Parameroid lobes separate, divided by modest median notch, each lobe bearing a series of setae directed apicad and converging. Spiculum gastrale with basal arms moderately curved, bearing a tooth near midlength. Sexual dimorphism The sexes can be distinguished by the shape of ventrite 1 (convex with deeply divided setae in male, concave with undivided setae in female). Life history Adults of C. luteipennis sp. nov. were collected in the vicinity of stands of various species of Oxalis (including O. obtusa), but the exact host plant of the species has not been identified. All specimens were collected in July and August. Distribution The species occurs on the West Coast between Velddrif and the Clanwilliam area (Fig. 13)., Published as part of Haran, Julien M., Marvaldi, Adriana E., Benoit, Laure, Oberlander, Kenneth, Stals, Riaan & Oberprieler, Rolf G., 2023, Revision of the enigmatic South African Cryptolaryngini (Coleoptera, Curculionidae), with description of a new genus and twenty-two new species, pp. 1-89 in European Journal of Taxonomy 877 (1) on pages 61-62, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2023.877.2151, http://zenodo.org/record/8110586

21. Cryptolarynx oberlanderi Haran sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 4AD62755-5B76-406D-84AC-D5A8C49EE048 Figs 1U, 2U, 3U, 4U, 5U, 7J–K Differential diagnosis Cryptolarynx oberlanderi sp. nov. is very similar to C. san sp. nov. and C. luteipennis sp. nov. but distinguishable from these by its narrower forehead and non-overlapping scales on the epifrons, and the apex of its parameroid lobes is also distinct among these species. Cryptolarynx oberlanderi was found to be genetically distinct from C. luteipennis and C. san by 8.1% and 15.1% for COI and by 3.7% and 4.0% for EF1, respectively. Etymology This species is dedicated to our colleague Kenneth Oberlander, specialist of the taxonomy of the genus Oxalis. Thanks to his substantial help with the location and identification of species of this genus, numerous new species of Cryptolarynx were discovered, including this one. The specific epithet is a noun in the genitive case. Material examined Holotype REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA • ♂; “REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA. Western Cape Province. Worcester. 3.vii.2019. J. Haran leg.” “ 33.639° S 19.391° E, at base of Oxalis depressa. JHAR02353_0101. Cirad-CBGP coll.” “Holotype. Cryptolarynx oberlanderi. Haran 2023”; SAMC. Paratypes REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA – Western Cape • 1 ♀; same collection data as for holotype; SAMC • 1 ♂, 7 specs (preserved in ethanol); same collection data as for holotype; CBGP • 1 ♂, 1 spec.; Hex River Valley, Kanetvlei, GG Camp Sandhill; 33.509° S, 19.574° E; 3 Jul. 2019; J. Haran leg.; at base of Oxalis depressa; JHAR03227; CBGP. Description (♂) MEASUREMENTS. Body length 2.1–3.0 mm. COLOUR AND VESTITURE. Body integument black, scapes and tarsi reddish. Dorsal vestiture (pronotum + elytra) consisting of overlapping, recumbent, parallel-sided or subtriangular clothing scales, isodiametric to 3 × as long as wide, truncate at apex; colour of scales brown; dark brown scales forming a longitudinal stripe medially on pronotum and elytral interstriae 1–3, pale brown scales concentrated laterally on pronotum and on elytra laterally of interstria 4; white scales surrounded by black scales forming a pair of pale spots on elytral interstriae 2–3 at apical ¾ of elytral length; scales of striae recumbent, in lateral view not distinct from the of vestiture. HEAD. Forehead wide, slightly wider than epifrons near antennal insertions, scales recumbent, not concealing integument. Eyes convex, in dorsal view slightly exceeding outline of head, surrounded by a ring of short scales, on forehead directed towards occiput; distance between eye and scrobe smaller than width of antennal club. Epifrons with distance between antennal insertions as large as length of scape, scales in middle of epifrons at most 2× as long as wide, recumbent, non-contiguous. Frons with 3 pairs of long erect lateral setae. Epistome without median seta. Antennal funicles with segment 1 moderately elongate, 1.5× as long as; 2 slightly shorter, 2 and 4 compressed, slightly angular on inside; 5–7 globular, isodiametric. PRONOTUM. Moderately transverse (W:L ratio 1.25), widest near midlength, sides arcuate; apex slightly narrower than base. ELYTRA. Broadly ovate, slightly longer than wide (W:L ratio 0.9), sides convex, widest anterior of midlength. LEGS. Tibiae with apical mucro; protibiae with outer margin straight, inner margin slightly bisinuate; metatibiae with inner setal fringe, setae shorter than segment 5 of metatarsus. Tarsi with segment 2 of protarsus transverse, of meso- and metatarsus isodiametric. ABDOMEN. Ventrite with creamy-white plumose scales not concealing integument, scales on ventrites 2–5 medially intermixed with long suberect setae, apically bifid or not; ventrite 1 slightly concave medially, impression covered with long setae deeply divided from their bases; ventrite 5 almost completely devoid of scales except for a series of small scales along suture, medially with a smooth area without setae or punctures. TERMINALIA. Body of penis moderately elongate (W:L ratio 0.6), 2× as short as temones, sides slightly convex, converging in apical quarter; in profile straight, weakly downcurved and dorsoventrally narrowed at apex. Copulatory sclerite weakly sclerotised or not discerned in examined specimens. Parameroid lobes separate, divided by modest median notch, each bearing a series of setae directed apicad, longer medially, longest setae longer than depth of median notch. Spiculum gastrale with basal arms long, right arm slightly angulate near midlength. Sexual dimorphism The sexes can be distinguished by the elytra (longer in the female) and by abdominal ventrite 1 lacking long, deeply divided setae in the female. Life history The known specimens of C. oberlanderi sp. nov. were all found in July, at the base of plants of Oxalis depressa Eckl. & Zeyh. Distribution The species is only known from the Hex River valley and the Worcester area (Fig. 13)., Published as part of Haran, Julien M., Marvaldi, Adriana E., Benoit, Laure, Oberlander, Kenneth, Stals, Riaan & Oberprieler, Rolf G., 2023, Revision of the enigmatic South African Cryptolaryngini (Coleoptera, Curculionidae), with description of a new genus and twenty-two new species, pp. 1-89 in European Journal of Taxonomy 877 (1) on pages 57-59, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2023.877.2151, http://zenodo.org/record/8110586

17. Cryptolarynx cederbergensis Haran sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 1F91C372-DB13-4390-8130-02F8B37A4FE2 Figs 1Q, 2Q, 3Q, 4Q, 5Q Differential diagnosis Cryptolarynx cederbergensis sp. nov. is most similar to C. pyrophilus sp. nov. but can be distinguished from it by the width of its forehead, which is less than twice the width of an eye (equal to twice width in C. pyrophilus), and by the arrangement of setae at the apex of the parameroid lobes (Fig. 2Q). The two species were found to have interspecific uncorrected p-distances ranging from 20.9% to 23.3% for COI and 5.2% for EF1 (Supp. file 1). Etymology The species name cederbergensis refers to the origin of this species, the Cederberg mountains in the Western Cape province. The specific epithet is an adjective in the masculine form. Material examined Holotype REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA • ♂; “REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA. Western Cape Province, [Cederberg Wilderness Area;] Algeria [Forest Station] ca. 20 km S. 23.viii.2018. J. Haran leg.” “ 32.469° S 19.206° E, at base of Oxalis obtusa. JHAR01422_0101. Cirad-CBGP coll.” “Holotype. Cryptolarynx cederbergensis. Haran 2023”; SAMC. Paratypes REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA – Western Cape • 1 ♂, 2 ♀♀; same collection data as for holotype; CBGP. Description (♂) MEASUREMENTS. Body length 1.9–2.2 mm. COLOUR AND VESTITURE. Body integument black, basal half of scapes reddish in mature specimens. Dorsal vestiture (pronotum + elytra) consisting of overlapping, recumbent, parallel-sided clothing scales, 2× as long as wide, mostly rounded at apex; colour of scales white or pale brown to dark brown; white scales usually concentrated in a pair of longitudinal lateral stripes on pronotum and elytral interstriae 4, creating a broad darker stripe medially on pronotum and basal ⅔ of elytra; white scales also concentrated in a pair of ill-defined pale spots surrounded by black scales at apical ⅔ of interstria 3; scales of striae recumbent, in lateral view not or only very slightly distinct from rest of vestiture. HEAD. Forehead very wide, slightly wider than epifrons near antennal insertions, ca 2 × as wide as width of an eye, scales suberect. Eyes convex, in dorsal view slightly exceeding outline of head, surrounded by a ring of short pale scales, on forehead directed towards occiput; distance between eye and scrobe as large as width of antennal club. Epifrons with distance between antennal insertions 0.8× length of scape, scales at least 3 × as long as wide, suberect, contiguous. Frons with a pair of long erect lateral setae. Epistome with one or two elongate median setae. Antennal funicles with segment 1 elongate; 2 shorter, at most 1.5× as long as wide; 3 longer than wide; 4 globular, isodiametric, compressed, slightly angular on inside; 5–7 globular, isodiametric. PRONOTUM. Transverse (W:L ratio 1.6), widest posteriorly of midlength, sides arcuate; apex and base subequal in width. ELYTRA. Broadly ovate, isodiametric (W:L ratio 1), sides convex, widest near midlength. LEGS. Tibiae with apical mucro; protibiae with both outer and inner margins straight; metatibiae with inner setal fringe, the setae shorter than segment 5 of metatarsus. Tarsi with segment 2 slightly longer than wide. ABDOMEN. Ventrites with creamy-white plumose scales not concealing integument; ventrites 1–4 with long suberect scales; ventrite 5 devoid of scales in apical half, there bearing only erect setae. TERMINALIA. Body of penis elongate (W:L ratio 0.3–0.4), as long as temones, sides subparallel, converging in apical third; curvature in profile weak and regular, dorsoventrally narrowed before apex. Copulatory sclerite forming a reversed V. Parameroid lobes separate, divided by deep median notch, each lobe broad, bearing a series of long setae directed apicad. Spiculum gastrale with basal arms long, regularly curved, right arm angulate near its base. Sexual dimorphism The sexes can be distinguished by the width of the forehead (as wide as or narrower than width of an eye in male, wider in female). Life history Specimens of C. cederbergensis sp. nov. were collected in monospecific stands of Oxalis obtusa, in the month of August. Distribution The species was found only at the type locality (Fig. 13)., Published as part of Haran, Julien M., Marvaldi, Adriana E., Benoit, Laure, Oberlander, Kenneth, Stals, Riaan & Oberprieler, Rolf G., 2023, Revision of the enigmatic South African Cryptolaryngini (Coleoptera, Curculionidae), with description of a new genus and twenty-two new species, pp. 1-89 in European Journal of Taxonomy 877 (1) on pages 51-53, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2023.877.2151, http://zenodo.org/record/8110586

6. Cryptolarynx robustus Haran sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 1907FA04-FD58-4E1E-AAC1-83CE5225B449 Figs 1F, 2F, 3F, 4F, 5F Differential diagnosis Cryptolarynx robustus sp. nov. belongs to the C. vitis species group, see Remarks section under that species for details. In this group it is distinguishable from C. hirtulus sp. nov. by the width of its forehead being greater than the width of an eye (narrower in C. hirtulus). Uncorrected p-distances between C. robustus (JHAR02560) and C. hirtulus (JHAR02561) were found to be 17.4% for COI and 1.7% for EF1 (Supp. file 1). Etymology The species name is derived from the Latin adjective ‘ robustus ’ and refers to the stocky appearance of the species. The specific epithet is an adjective in the masculine form. Material examined Holotype REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA • ♂; “REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA. Western Cape Province, Malmesbury. 10.ix.2019. J. Haran leg.” “ 33.454° S 18.743° E, at base of Oxalis spp. JHAR02560_0101. Cirad-CBGP coll.” “Holotype. Cryptolarynx robustus Haran 2023 ”; SAMC. Paratypes REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA – Western Cape • 1 ♀; same collection data as for holotype; SAMC • 1 ♀ (preserved in ethanol); same collection data as for holotype; CBGP. Description (♂) MEASUREMENTS. Body length 4.5–5 mm. COLOUR AND VESTITURE. Body integument black, antennae, tarsi and sometimes tibiae reddish. Dorsal vestiture (pronotum + elytra) consisting of short, overlapping, recumbent, subtriangular clothing scales, 1.2–2 × as long as wide, subcontiguous on interstriae, and longer, slightly suberect scales, at least 3× as long as wide, in each strial puncture, visible in lateral view on elytral declivity; scales creamy-white, brown and black; pale scales usually concentrated in two longitudinal stripes on pronotum and on elytral interstria 4, black scales forming spots on interstriae 1–4 at apical ⅔ of elytral length. HEAD. Forehead slightly wider than epifrons near antennal insertions, wider than width of an eye, scales suberect, not entirely concealing integument. Eyes flat, in dorsal view only slightly exceeding outline of head, surrounded by a ring of short pale scales directed towards centre of eye; distance between eye and scrobe larger than width of antennal club. Epifrons narrow, distance between antennal insertions 0.5× length of scape, scales at least 3× as long as wide, suberect, overlapping. Frons with single pair of long lateral setae. Epistome with two median setae arising from same puncture. Antennal funicles with segments 1–2 elongate, subequal, about 3× as long as wide; 3–4 slightly longer than wide, compressed, slightly angular on inside; 5–7 globular, isodiametric. PRONOTUM. Transverse (W:L ratio 1.3), almost semicircular in dorsal view, widest near midlength, sides arcuate; width of apex 0.67 × width of base. ELYTRA. Broadly ovate, slightly longer than wide (W:L ratio 0.9), sides convex, widest near midlength. LEGS. Protibiae with outer margin straight, inner margin slightly bisinuate; metatibiae with black apical mucro and inner setal fringe, the setae shorter than segment 5 of metatarsus. Tarsi with segment 2 slightly wider than long. ABDOMEN. Ventrite 1 slightly concave; ventrites 1–2 with plumose scales medially; other surfaces with overlapping creamy-white scales, partly concealing integument. TERMINALIA. Body of penis elongate (W:L ratio 0.3), 1.5–1.7× as long as temones, sides moderately convex, widest near midlength; curvature in profile weak and regular, dorsoventrally slightly narrowed before apex. Copulatory sclerite weakly sclerotised or not discerned in examined specimen. Parameroid lobes separate, divided by deep median notch, each lobe narrow, narrowed anteapically and rounded at apex, bearing long setae marginally and discally, all setae oriented centrifugally. Spiculum gastrale with basal arms regularly curved. Sexual dimorphism Males can be distinguished from females by the width of their forehead (as wide as epifrons in male, distinctly wider in female), and females also lack a mucro on the metatibiae and plumose scales on ventrite 1. Life history Adults of C. robustus sp. nov. were collected in September, at the bases of plants of Oxalis cf. purpurea in patches of Renosterveld. Distribution The species was only found at the type locality in the Western Cape province (Fig. 13). Remarks Cryptolarynx robustus sp. nov. and C. hirtulus sp. nov. have a similar general appearance and can be found in sympatry at the same localities., Published as part of Haran, Julien M., Marvaldi, Adriana E., Benoit, Laure, Oberlander, Kenneth, Stals, Riaan & Oberprieler, Rolf G., 2023, Revision of the enigmatic South African Cryptolaryngini (Coleoptera, Curculionidae), with description of a new genus and twenty-two new species, pp. 1-89 in European Journal of Taxonomy 877 (1) on pages 25-28, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2023.877.2151, http://zenodo.org/record/8110586

18. Cryptolarynx homaroides Haran sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: B52976BC-5840-45EC-9813-C4BB817C0056 Figs 1R, 2R, 3R, 4R, 5R Differential diagnosis Cryptolarynx homaroides sp. nov. is most similar to C. marshalli sp. nov., but the body of the latter species is distinctly more elongate and lacks the distinct lobster-like copulatory sclerite of C. homaroides. Etymology The species name homaroides is derived from the genus name of the European Lobster (Homarus gammarus Linnaeus) and refers to the remarkably similar shape of copulatory sclerite in the endophallus of this species. The specific epithet is an adjective with immutable ending. Material examined Holotype REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA • ♂; “ S. Afr. [REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA – Northern Cape], Namaquald [Namaqualand]. Springbok–Mesklip. 29.49S – 17.52E [29.817° S, 17.867° E]” “ 30.8.1976; E-Y:1186. From under stones. [coarse sandy neck of rocky hills] leg. Endrödy-Younga ” “Holotype. Cryptolarynx homaroides. Haran 2023”; TMSA. Description (♂) MEASUREMENTS. Body length 2.3 mm. COLOUR AND VESTITURE. Body integument black, scapes at their bases, tibiae and tarsi reddish. Dorsal vestiture (pronotum + elytra) consisting of overlapping, recumbent, parallel-sided or subtriangular clothing scales, 1.5–2× as long as wide, truncate or rounded at apex; colour of scales pale to dark brown; pale scales generally concentrated in two lateral bands on pronotum and at base of elytral interstriae 4, creating irregular shades on elytra, and concentrated in a pair of pale spots surrounded by darker scales at apical ⅔ of interstriae 2–3; scales of striae recumbent, in lateral view not distinct from rest of vestiture. HEAD. Forehead as wide as epifrons near antennal insertions, scales recumbent. Eyes convex, in dorsal view slightly exceeding outline of head, surrounded by a ring of short pale scales, on forehead directed towards occiput; distance between eye and scrobe smaller than width of antennal club. Epifrons with distance between antennal insertions as large as length of scape, scales in middle of epifrons at most 2× as long as wide, recumbent, not contiguous. Frons with 3 pairs of long erect lateral setae. Epistome without median seta. Antennal funicles with segment 1 moderately elongate, 1.5× as long as wide; 2–4 longer than wide, compressed; 5–6 globular, isodiametric; 7 wider than long. PRONOTUM. Transverse (W:L ratio 1.3), widest near midlength, sides arcuate; apex and base subequal in width. ELYTRA. Broadly ovate, slightly longer than wide (W:L ratio 0.9), sides convex, widest near midlength. LEGS. All tibiae with small apical mucro; protibiae with outer margin straight, inner margin slightly bisinuate; metatibiae with inner setal fringe, the setae shorter than segment 5 of metatarsus. Tarsi with segment 2 wider than long. ABDOMEN. Ventrites with creamy-white plumose scales, partly concealing integument, and long suberect setae or setiform scales, each apically truncate or slightly bifid, concentrated medially; ventrite 1 slightly concave medially; ventrite 5 with scales concentrated in basal half. TERMINALIA. Body of penis moderately elongate (W:L ratio 0.45), slightly shorter than temones, sides convex; in profile straight, slightly downcurved and dorsoventrally slightly narrowed near apex. Copulatory sclerite in dorsal view shaped like a lobster. Parameroid lobes separate, divided by deep median notch; each lobe bearing two brushes of erect setae. Spiculum gastrale with basal arms long, longer than ventral strut, right arm regularly curved. Sexual dimorphism Female unknown. Life history Unknown. The single known specimen of C. homaroides sp. nov. was collected under stones. Distribution The species was only found at the type locality, the Springbok area in the Northern Cape province (Fig. 13).

Cryptolarynx sp. 3 REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA – Northern Cape • 1 ♂, 1 ♀; Nieuwoudtville; 31.389° S, 19.135° E; 20 Aug. 2019; J. Haran leg.; in stands of Oxalis obtusa; JHAR03268; CBGP., Published as part of Haran, Julien M., Marvaldi, Adriana E., Benoit, Laure, Oberlander, Kenneth, Stals, Riaan & Oberprieler, Rolf G., 2023, Revision of the enigmatic South African Cryptolaryngini (Coleoptera, Curculionidae), with description of a new genus and twenty-two new species, pp. 1-89 in European Journal of Taxonomy 877 (1) on page 66, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2023.877.2151, http://zenodo.org/record/8110586

3. Cryptolarynx squamulatus Haran sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: F4FDD330-3922-4480-A93C-D830B3696A88 Figs 1C, 2C, 3C, 4C, 5C Differential diagnosis Cryptolarynx squamulatus sp. nov. belongs to the C. vitis group and in this group is most closely related to C. hirtulus sp. nov. These two species can be distinguished by their body shape, being globular in C. squamulatus and elongate in C. hirtulus, and their interspecific genetic distance was found to be 18.6% for COI and of 3.7% for EF1. Etymology This species is named in reference to the dense cover of suberect scales (squamae) on its elytra. The specific epithet is an adjective in the masculine form. Material examined Holotype REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA • ♂; “ REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA. Western Cape Province, West-coast NP [National Park], [Postberg Section,] 31.viii.2019, J. Haran leg.” “ 33.105° S 18.004° E, at base of Oxalis obtusa, JHAR02555 ” “Holotype. Cryptolarynx squamulatus Haran 2023 ”; SAMC. Paratypes REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA – Western Cape • 1 ♀; same collection data as for holotype; CBGP • 1 ♀; same collection data as for holotype; SAMC. Description (♂) MEASUREMENTS. Body length 1.9 mm. COLOUR AND VESTITURE. Colour as in females (single known male teneral). Body integument black, antennae and tarsi reddish. Dorsal vestiture (pronotum + elytra) consisting of short, recumbent, subtriangular clothing scales, pearly grey, slightly longer than wide, subcontiguous on interstriae, and longer, suberect scales, at least 4× as long as wide, brown or white, in each strial puncture; pale scales usually concentrated at base of interstriae 4 and corresponding area at pronotal base as well as forming an ill-defined transverse band at apical ⅔ of elytra. HEAD. Forehead slightly wider than epifrons near antennal insertions, narrower than width of an eye, scales not concealing integument. Eyes flat, in dorsal view only slightly exceeding outline of head, surrounded by a ring of short pale scales directed towards centre of eye; distance between eye and scrobe larger than width of antennal club. Epifrons narrow, distance between antennal insertions 0.5 × length of scape, scales at least 3× as long as wide, suberect, overlapping. Frons with single pair of long lateral setae. Epistome with single median seta. Antennal funicles with segment 1 elongate, 2 × as long as wide; 2–4 slightly longer than wide, compressed, slightly angular on inside; 5–7 globular, slightly compressed. PRONOTUM. Strongly transverse (W:L ratio 1.6), almost semicircular in dorsal view, widest at base, sides arcuate in basal ⅓, almost straight and converging in apical ⅔; apex 1.5 × narrower than base. ELYTRA. Globular, slightly wider than long (W:L ratio 1.1), sides convex, widest before midlength. LEGS. Tibiae with black apical mucro; protibiae with outer margin straight; metatibiae with inner margin bisinuate, distal margin of mucro perpendicular to external margin of metatibia. Tarsi short, segment 2 much wider than long (W:L ratio 1.7). ABDOMEN. Ventrite 1 slightly concave; ventrites 1–4 with overlapping white scales, partly concealing integument. TERMINALIA. Body of penis elongate (W:L ratio 0.3), twice as long as temones, sides straight, diverging from base to apical ¾, converging in apical quarter; curvature in profile weak and regular, dorsoventrally narrowed before apex. Copulatory sclerite weakly sclerotised (or not discerned in single examined specimen). Parameroid lobes separate, divided by deep median notch, each lobe narrowed before apex, spatulate, bearing long marginal setae and shorter setae discally, all setae orientated centrifugally. Spiculum gastrale with basal arms regularly curved, right arm with lateral tooth. Sexual dimorphism The sexes can be distinguished by their body shape (more globular in male, broadly ovate in female). Life history Specimens of Cryptolarynx squamulatus sp. nov. were collected in a patch of Oxalis obtusa Jacq., but the exact host association of the species was not verified. Freshly emerged adults were found in October. Distribution The species occurs in the West Coast National Park, Postberg Section (elevation 170 m; Fig. 13)., Published as part of Haran, Julien M., Marvaldi, Adriana E., Benoit, Laure, Oberlander, Kenneth, Stals, Riaan & Oberprieler, Rolf G., 2023, Revision of the enigmatic South African Cryptolaryngini (Coleoptera, Curculionidae), with description of a new genus and twenty-two new species, pp. 1-89 in European Journal of Taxonomy 877 (1) on pages 16-18, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2023.877.2151, http://zenodo.org/record/8110586

Genus Hadrocryptolarynx Haran gen. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 1983869F-4CDD-43AD-A2B0-CAEC1CED873B Type species Hadrocryptolarynx major Haran gen. et sp. nov., by present designation. Differential diagnosis Among the specimens of, or similar to, Cryptolarynx available for study, a series was found that differ from all species of Cryptolarynx in having a larger body size (length ca 6.0 mm; only ca 4.5 mm in the largest Cryptolarynx), a more elongate shape in the male (more or less globular in Cryptolarynx), elongate metatarsi with segment 2 at least 1.5 × as long as wide (shorter in Cryptolarynx) and apically fused and glabrous parameroid lobes of the aedeagus (divided and setiferous in Cryptolarynx).As already suggested by Oberprieler (2014), these differences are deemed significant to assign these specimens to a different genus. Etymology This genus is named in reference to the remarkably larger size and bulk of its type species compared to that of species of Cryptolarynx. The name is a noun in the nominative singular case and its gender is masculine. Description (♂) MEASUREMENTS. Medium-sized, body length 2.0–6.0 mm. Body shape elongate in dorsal view, elytra and pronotum subequal in width. Pronotum widest at or slightly anteriorly of midlength; base narrower than elytra at humeri. Elytra widest near midlength. Body in lateral view (Fig. 3X) slightly hunched, highest just behind elytral base to middle of elytral length; head almost hypognathous. COLOUR AND VESTITURE. Body integument black; antennae, tibiae and tarsi generally reddish. Dorsal vestiture (pronotum + elytra) consisting of short, recumbent clothing scales 2–5 × as long as wide, not aligned on interstriae, more or less concealing integument, colour ranging through black, dark brown to pale brown and grey to white; darker scales usually concentrated medially on pronotum and from there in broad median stripe along elytral interstriae 1–3; paler scales concentrated on a spot near middle of elytral interstriae 1–4. HEAD. Head capsule globose, in repose deeply retracted into prothorax, leaving only vertex and eyes visible in dorsal view. Eyes subcircular or slightly oval, convex, situated sublaterally, surrounded by a ring of pale recumbent scales. Forehead flat, slightly narrower than width of an eye; median fovea absent. Rostrum very short and broad, not differentiated from head, dorsal surface perpendicular to longitudinal axis of prothorax when head in repose. Epifrons flat, as wide as forehead, epifrontal scales suberect and orientated laterad, towards scrobes. Mandibles beak-like, densely setose (ca 20 setae each), with a pair of longer erect setae arising medio-laterally. Maxillae with galea and lacinia separate, both bearing apical setae (Fig. 8Q). Antennae inserted subdorsally at approximately middle of rostrum; scapes slender, as long as width of epifrons between antennal insertions, regularly and moderately curved, apically clavate and bearing erect setae, in repose folding into narrow scrobes extending onto underside of rostrum; funicles 7-segmented, longer than scapes, segment 1 elongate, funicles entirely hidden between head and cuticular anteroventral expansion of prothorax when head in repose; clubs 4-segmented, fusiform, acuminate, shorter than funicles. THORAX. Pronotum moderately transverse; integument densely punctate, narrow spaces between punctures dull; anterior margin bisinuate, posterior margin arcuate, fitting closely to elytral bases up to level of humeri. Prothorax anteriorly on each side produced into a large sharp-rimmed ventrolateral lamina extending from lower level of eye down to anterior edge of procoxa, concealing anterior prothoracic margin beneath it, rim of lamina asetose but anterior margin fringed with row of dense plumose scales, longer below eyes but shorter ventrally along prosternum. Prosternum broad, short, depressed below anterior edge of procoxae, declivous, abutting rostrum when head in repose; procoxal cavities medially confluent, hypomeral lobes behind them short, suture of median junction obscure. Mesoventrite deeply depressed, almost vertically declivous, intermesocoxal process subtuberculate; mesepimera broadly separating mesanepisterna from elytral margin. Metaventrite between metacoxae as wide as metatarsus; metanepisterna fully fused to metaventrite, metanepisternal suture completely obliterated. SCUTELLUM. Scutellar shield very small, indistinct. ELYTRA. Broadly ovate, longer than wide; jointly rounded at apex; elytral base broadly concave, not marginate; integument flat, shiny, 10-striate but striae indiscernible on outer surface, mixed with regular punctures. METATHORACIC WINGS. Absent. LEGS. Slender. Procoxae subcontiguous, distance between mesocoxae equal to width of segment 5 of mesotarsus. Trochanters with single long erect seta. Femora subcylindrical, unarmed; metafemora not reaching elytral apex. Tibiae cylindrical, inner margin entire, without teeth; apex without spurs but with small stout mucro; pro- and mesotibiae curved in distal half, narrowing from base to apex; metatibiae slightly curved laterally, without corbels. Tarsi flattened; protarsi short, segments 1 and 2 isodiametric; metatarsi slender, segment 1 2× as long as wide, as long as 2, 3 deeply bilobate, shorter than 2, 5 clavate, longer than 3; claws paired, free, divaricate, simple with long stiff ventrobasal seta. ABDOMEN. Ventrites 1–4 medially flat, ventrite 5 slightly convex; ventrite 1 medially about twice as long as laterally, as long as ventrites 2–3 combined, intercoxal process ogival, apically acuminate. MALE TERMINALIA. Penis elongate. Tectum narrow but distinct; endophallus with copulatory sclerite divided into 2 symmetrical, elongate structures. Parameroid lobes of dorsal plate of tegmen fused and jointly evenly rounded at apex, devoid of setae. Spiculum gastrale asymmetrical; divergence of basal arms V-shaped. FEMALE TERMINALIA. Gonocoxites (Fig. 8N) elongate, narrowly triangular, narrowed apicad and rounded apically, with only a few setae; styli inserted apicolaterally, 2× as long as wide, bases distinctly separate, apices with 5–6 long setae, setal length subequal to that of styli. Sternite VIII (Fig. 8O) with basal arms symmetrical, 0.67 × length of apodeme, merged at apex. Spermatheca (Fig. 8P) stocky, cornu wide and curved, nodulus rounded, collum and ramus not differentiated. Sexual dimorphism The sexes can be distinguished by the shape of ventrite 1 (convex in male, concave in female), and by the shape of the elytra (more elongate in male). Remarks The genus Hadrocryptolarynx gen. nov. is presently monotypic., Published as part of Haran, Julien M., Marvaldi, Adriana E., Benoit, Laure, Oberlander, Kenneth, Stals, Riaan & Oberprieler, Rolf G., 2023, Revision of the enigmatic South African Cryptolaryngini (Coleoptera, Curculionidae), with description of a new genus and twenty-two new species, pp. 1-89 in European Journal of Taxonomy 877 (1) on pages 66-68, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2023.877.2151, http://zenodo.org/record/8110586

7. Cryptolarynx namaquanus Haran sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: F889226B-4182-43BB-A918-3DE821DEC07E Figs 1G, 2G, 3G, 4G, 5G, 8D Differential diagnosis Cryptolarynx namaquanus sp. nov. can be distinguished from other species of Cryptolarynx by its wide epifrons (subequal to length of scapes), its narrow forehead (narrower than width of eyes) and its proximally cylindrical metatibiae. Its broad parameroid lobes of the male genitalia, bearing only very short setae, and the shape of the spiculum are also unique among the species of the genus. Cryptolarynx namaquanus is most similar to C. variabilis sp. nov. and C. carinatus sp. nov., but in the male it can be easily distinguished from these by its proximally cylindrical metatibiae (bearing an inner carina in C. variabilis and C. carinatus) and the conformations of its male genitalia. Uncorrected p-distances between C. namaquanus and these two species were found to span 12.8–15.1% for COI and 3.7–4.2% for EF1 with C. variabilis and 9.3–10.4% for COI and 3.4% for EF1 with C. carinatus (Supp. file 1). Etymology The species name namaquanus refers to the area where this species was found, the Namaqualand region of the Northern Cape province and part of the traditional home of the Nama people (Namaqua). The specific epithet is an adjective in the masculine form. Material examined Holotype REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA • ♂; “ REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA. Northern Cape Province, Kamieskroon [15 km NW, Namaqua National Park, Skilpad Flower Camp]. 29.viii.2019. J. Haran leg.” “ 30.170° S 17.793° E at base of Oxalis obtusa. JHAR02535_0101. Cirad-CBGP coll.” “Holotype. Cryptolarynx namaquanus. Haran 2023”; SAMC. Paratypes REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA – Northern Cape • 1 ♂, 1 ♀; same collection data as for holotype; SAMC • 1 ♂, 9 specs (preserved in ethanol); same collection data as for holotype; CBGP. Description (♂) MEASUREMENTS. Body length 2–3 mm. COLOUR AND VESTITURE. Body integument black, antennae and tarsi reddish. Dorsal vestiture (pronotum + elytra) consisting of overlapping, recumbent, parallel-sided clothing scales, 2 × as long as wide, truncate at apex; colour of scales varying from evenly greyish or creamy-white to brown or black; pale scales concentrated in two longitudinal stripes on pronotum and on elytral interstriae 4 as well as forming a pair of whitish spots surrounded by black scales at apical ⅔ of elytra; scales on interstriae recumbent, in lateral view not distinct from rest of vestiture. HEAD. Forehead as wide as epifrons near antennal insertions, slightly narrower than width of an eye, scales recumbent. Eyes convex, in dorsal view exceeding outline of head, surrounded by a ring of short pale scales, on forehead directed towards occiput; distance between eye and scrobe as large as or slightly smaller than width of antennal club. Epifrons wide, distance between antennal insertions as large as length of scape, scales at most 2× as long as wide, recumbent, subcontiguous. Frons with pairs of erect lateral setae. Epistome without median seta. Antennal funicles with segments 1–2 elongate, subequal, about 3× as long as wide; 3–4 as long as wide, compressed, slightly angular on inside; 5–7 globular, isodiametric; 7 sometimes wider than long. PRONOTUM. Transverse (W:L ratio 1.1–1.2), widest near midlength, sides arcuate; apex and base subequal in width. ELYTRA. Broadly ovate, isodiametric (W:L ratio 1), sides convex, widest near midlength. LEGS. Protibiae with outer margin straight, inner margin slightly bisinuate; metatibiae with apical mucro and inner setal fringe, setae shorter than segment 5 of metatarsus. Tarsi with segment 2 isodiametric. ABDOMEN. Ventrites 1 and 5 slightly concave medially; ventrites 1–4 with creamy-white plumose scales, almost concealing integument, intermixed with long suberect setae, each apically bifid. TERMINALIA. Body of penis moderately elongate (W:L ratio 0.5), 2× as short as temones, sides subparallel in basal half, converging in distal half; curvature in profile weak and regular, dorsoventrally slightly thickened at apex. Copulatory sclerite weakly sclerotised or not discerned in examined specimens. Parameroid lobes separate, divided by very deep median notch, each lobe broad, rounded at apex, bearing a series of very short setae. Spiculum gastrale with basal arms short and feebly curved. Sexual dimorphism Males can be distinguished from females by the shape of ventrites 1 and 5 (concave in male, flat or slightly convex in female). Life history Adults of C. namaquanus sp. nov. were found in monospecific stands of Oxalis obtusa, in the month of August. Distribution All specimens collected were found at the type locality, the only one thus far known for the species (Fig. 13)., Published as part of Haran, Julien M., Marvaldi, Adriana E., Benoit, Laure, Oberlander, Kenneth, Stals, Riaan & Oberprieler, Rolf G., 2023, Revision of the enigmatic South African Cryptolaryngini (Coleoptera, Curculionidae), with description of a new genus and twenty-two new species, pp. 1-89 in European Journal of Taxonomy 877 (1) on pages 28-30, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2023.877.2151, http://zenodo.org/record/8110586

20. Cryptolarynx endroedyi Haran sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 76B9D666-207A-4BC2-A344-844400B78F98 Figs 1T, 2T, 3T, 4T, 5T Differential diagnosis Cryptolarynx endroedyi sp. nov. differs from all other known species of the genus by its distinctly elongate body and by the following two features (in the male): the presence of depressions on the pronotum and elytra and the temones of the penis being almost twice as long as the penis body. Etymology We dedicate this species to the late Sebastian Endrödy-Younga, coleopterist at the Ditsong National Museum of Natural History (formerly the Transvaal Museum) from 1973 to 1999. The extent of his field collecting in South Africa and Namibia exceeds imagination with respect to the large numbers of species and of specimens he collected and the significant number of localities he surveyed. He also collected many of the specimens of Cryptolarynx and Hadrocryptolarynx gen. nov. reported in this study. The specific epithet is a noun in the genitive case. Material examined Holotype REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA • ♂; “S. Africa. SW. Cape. Prov. [REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA – Western Cape], Clanwilliam, 29 km N [flat valley bottom]. 31.47S - 18.43E [recte 31°57′ S, 18°43′ E]” “ 29.viii.1989; E-Y:2675. Flowering meadow. Endrödy[-Younga] & Klimaszew [ski]” “Holotype. Cryptolarynx endroedyi. Haran 2023”; TMSA. Paratypes REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA – Western Cape • 2 ♀♀; same collection data as for holotype; TMSA • 1 ♀; same collection data as for holotype; CBGP. Description (♂) MEASUREMENTS. Body length 3.6 mm. COLOUR AND VESTITURE. Body integument black, antennae, tibiae and tarsi reddish. Dorsal vestiture (pronotum + elytra) consisting of overlapping, recumbent, parallel-sided clothing scales, 3–4× as long as wide, mostly truncate at apex; colour of scales mostly brown; whitish scales interspersed with pale brown scales concentrated laterally on pronotum and on elytra laterally from interstriae 4, white scales forming a pair of pale spots surrounded by dark scales at apical ⅔ of elytral interstriae 2–3; scales of striae recumbent, in lateral view not distinct from rest of vestiture. HEAD. Forehead slightly wider than epifrons near antennal insertions, scales suberect. Eyes convex, in dorsal view distinctly exceeding outline of head, surrounded by a ring of short pale scales, on forehead directed towards occiput; distance between eye and scrobe slightly smaller than width of antennal club. Epifrons with distance between antennal insertions 0.33 × length of scape, scales at least 2× as long as wide, recumbent, subcontiguous. Frons with 3 pairs of long erect lateral setae. Epistome without median seta. Antennal funicles with segments 1–2 elongate, subequal in length; 3–4 longer than wide; 5–6 globular; 7 wider than long. PRONOTUM. Transverse (W:L ratio 1.35), widest near midlength, sides arcuate; apex and base subequal in width; with a depression at midlength on either side of dark median longitudinal stripe. ELYTRA. Broadly ovate, longer than wide (W:L ratio 0.9), sides convex, widest anteriorly of midlength; with a slight depression on basal half of interstriae 1–2. LEGS. Slender. Tibiae with apical mucro; protibiae with outer margin straight, inner margin slightly bisinuate; metatibiae with inner setal fringe, the setae shorter than segment 5 of metatarsus. Tarsi with segment 2 isodiametric. ABDOMEN. Ventrites with creamy-white plumose scales not concealing integument; scales on ventrites 2–5 medially intermixed with long suberect setae, bifid or not at the apex; ventrite 1 slightly concave medially, impression covered with long setae deeply divided from their bases; ventrite 5 with scales concentrated in basal quarter. TERMINALIA. Body of penis moderately elongate (W:L ratio 0.5), 2× as short as temones, sides convex; in profile straight, downcurved near apex, dorsoventrally narrowed at apex. Copulatory sclerite weakly sclerotised or not discerned in examined specimen. Parameroid lobes separate, divided by modest median notch, each lobe broad, bearing a series of setae directed apicad. Spiculum gastrale with basal arms long, regularly curved. Sexual dimorphism The sexes can be distinguished by the shape of the elytra (shorter in the male) and by ventrite 1 lacking the long and deeply divided setae in the female. Life history Specimens of Cryptolarynx endroedyi sp. nov. were collected in a flowering meadow. No data about any host plant association of the species are available. Distribution The species was only found at the type locality, the Clanwilliam area in the Western Cape province (Fig. 13)., Published as part of Haran, Julien M., Marvaldi, Adriana E., Benoit, Laure, Oberlander, Kenneth, Stals, Riaan & Oberprieler, Rolf G., 2023, Revision of the enigmatic South African Cryptolaryngini (Coleoptera, Curculionidae), with description of a new genus and twenty-two new species, pp. 1-89 in European Journal of Taxonomy 877 (1) on pages 56-57, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2023.877.2151, http://zenodo.org/record/8110586

13. Cryptolarynx armatus Haran sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 0694E5BE-EBA9-4DDE-8647-ECBE6A5A47F7 Figs 1M, 2M, 3M, 4M, 5M, 6O–P, 8I Differential diagnosis Cryptolarynx armatus sp. nov. is most similar to C. falciformis sp. nov. and C. oberprieleri sp. nov., in possessing apically thickened protibiae in the male. In addition to their distinct copulatory sclerites of the endophallus, these species can also be distinguished by the setae on the ventrites (simple in C. armatus, bifid at least apically in C. falciformis and C. oberprieleri). Genetically, C. armatus is closest to C. spinicornis sp. nov., the distance between their EF1 sequences found to be 1.6%. Etymology The species name armatus refers to the apical cuticular expansion of the protibiae of the males, forming together with the mucro two strong teeth. The specific epithet is an adjective in the masculine form. Material examined Holotype REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA • ♂; “ REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA. Northern Cape Province, Nieuwoudtville. 20.viii.2019. J. Haran leg.” “ 31.384° S 19.140° E at base of Oxalis obtusa. JHAR02519_0101. Cirad-CBGP coll.” “Holotype. Cryptolarynx armatus. Haran 2023”; SAMC. Paratypes REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA – Northern Cape • 1 ♂; same collection data as for holotype; SAMC • 1 ♂, 15 specs (preserved in ethanol); same collection data as for holotype; CBGP. Description (♂) MEASUREMENTS. Body length 1.5–3.5 mm. COLOUR AND VESTITURE. Body integument black, scapes, tibiae and tarsi reddish in fully sclerotised specimens. Dorsal vestiture (pronotum + elytra) consisting of overlapping, recumbent, parallel-sided clothing scales, 2–2.5 × as long as wide, truncate at apex; colour of scales varying from pale brown to dark brown; pale scales concentrated in two longitudinal bands laterally on pronotum as well as broadly on elytral interstriae 4, creating a broad, dark medial stripe on pronotum and basal ⅔ of elytra; pale scales forming a pair of spots surrounded by black scales on interstriae 3 at apical ⅔ of elytral length; scales of striae recumbent, in lateral view not distinct from rest of vestiture. HEAD. Forehead wide, slightly wider than epifrons near antennal insertions, almost 2× as wide as width of an eye, scales recumbent. Eyes convex, in dorsal view slightly exceeding outline of head, surrounded by a ring of short pale scales, on forehead directed towards occiput; distance between eye and scrobe as large as width of antennal club. Epifrons with distance between antennal insertions as large as length of scape, scales in middle of epifrons at most 2× as long as wide, recumbent, not contiguous. Frons with a pair of long erect lateral setae. Epistome without median seta. Antennal funicles with segment 1 elongate, 2× as long as wide; 2 shorter, at most 1.5× as long as wide; 3–5 isodiametric, compressed, 4 slightly angular on inside; 6–7 wider than long. PRONOTUM. Transverse (W:L ratio 1.3–1.4), widest near midlength, sides arcuate; apex slightly narrower than base. ELYTRA. Globular, slightly wider than long (W:L ratio 1.1), sides convex, widest near midlength. LEGS. Protibiae with outer margin straight and inner margin bisinuate, expanded proximally of apical mucro; meso- and metatibiae with small apical mucro, metatibiae with inner setal fringe, setae shorter than segment 5 of metatarsus. Tarsi with segment 2 isodiametric or wider than long. ABDOMEN. Ventrites with creamy-white plumose scales partly concealing integument, with long, suberect, undivided setae concentrated medially; ventrite 1 slightly concave medially, ventrite 5 devoid of scales in apical ¾, there bearing only erect setae. TERMINALIA. Body of penis moderately elongate (W:L ratio 0.4), almost 2× as short as temones, sides subparallel, converging in apical quarter; in profile almost straight, dorsoventrally narrowed close to apex. Copulatory sclerite small, comma-shaped. Parameroid lobes separate, divided by modest median notch, each lobe broad, bearing a series of setae directed apicad, the longest setae located closer to middle. Spiculum gastrale with basal arms long, regularly curved. Sexual dimorphism The sexes can be distinguished by the shape of the elytra (wider than long in male, longer than wide, more broadly ovate in female) and by the inner expansion of the apex of the protibiae (present in male, absent in female). Life history Adult specimens of C. armatus were collected in August, in stands of Oxalis obtusa and O. cf. suteroides T.M. Salter. Distribution All specimens were collected at the type locality near Nieuwoudtville (Fig. 13). Remarks Mitochondrial barcode sequences could not be obtained for this species, probably due to a mismatch in primer sequences., Published as part of Haran, Julien M., Marvaldi, Adriana E., Benoit, Laure, Oberlander, Kenneth, Stals, Riaan & Oberprieler, Rolf G., 2023, Revision of the enigmatic South African Cryptolaryngini (Coleoptera, Curculionidae), with description of a new genus and twenty-two new species, pp. 1-89 in European Journal of Taxonomy 877 (1) on pages 43-45, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2023.877.2151, http://zenodo.org/record/8110586

14. Cryptolarynx falciformis Haran sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 6A1E6036-9863-440A-B4AF-CD8AD094AABA Figs 1N, 2N, 3N, 4N, 5N Differential diagnosis Cryptolarynx falciformis sp. nov. is most similar to C. oberprieleri sp. nov.; see Differential diagnosis section under that species for details. Etymology The species name falciformis refers to the falcate (sickle-shaped) copulatory sclerite in the endophallus of this species. The specific epithet is an adjective in the masculine form. Material examined Holotype REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA • ♂; “ South Africa. [REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA – Western Cape], Tulbagh [33.28° S, 19.14° E]. Nov. 1952. J.G. Theron ” “Holotype. Cryptolarynx falciformis. Haran 2023”; SAMC. Description (♂) MEASURMENTS. Body length 3.2 mm. COLOUR AND VESTITURE. Body integument black, antennae and tarsi reddish. Dorsal vestiture (pronotum + elytra) consisting of overlapping, recumbent, parallel-sided clothing scales, 2–3 × as long as wide, rounded or truncate at apex; colour of scales greyish and pale brown; greyish scales concentrated laterally of elytral interstriae 4 and in two ill-defined pale spots at apical ⅔ of interstriae 3; scales of striae recumbent, in lateral view not distinct from rest of vestiture. HEAD. Forehead wide, slightly wider than epifrons near antennal insertions, almost 2× as wide as width of an eye, scales recumbent. Eyes convex, in dorsal view slightly exceeding outline of head, surrounded by a ring of short pale scales, on forehead directed towards occiput; distance between eye and scrobe smaller than width of antennal club. Epifrons with distance between antennal insertions as large as length of scape, scales in middle of epifrons at most 2× as long as wide, recumbent, not contiguous. Frons with a pair of long erect lateral setae. Epistome without median seta. Antennal funicles with segments 1–2 elongate, subequal; 3–6 isodiametric, 4 slightly angular ventrally; 7 wider than long. PRONOTUM. Transverse (W:L ratio 1.4), widest anteriorly of midlength, sides arcuate; apex slightly narrower than base. ELYTRA. Broadly ovate, isodiametric (W:L ratio 1), sides convex, widest near midlength. LEGS. Protibiae with outer margin straight and inner margin bisinuate, expanded proximally of apical mucro; meso- and metatibiae with apical mucro; metatibiae with inner setal fringe, setae shorter than segment 5 of metatarsus and with small ventral carina near base. Tarsi with segment 2 wider than long. ABDOMEN. Ventrites with creamy-white, rounded, plumose scales not concealing integument; with long suberect deeply divided setae concentrated medially; ventrite 1 slightly concave medially; ventrite 5 devoid of scales in apical ¾, there bearing only erect setae. TERMINALIA. Body of penis moderately elongate (W:L ratio 0.5), almost 1.5 × as short as temones, sides subparallel, converging in apical quarter; in profile almost straight, dorsoventrally narrowed before apex. Copulatory sclerite shaped like a pair of sickles. Parameroid lobes separate, divided by modest median notch, each lobe narrowing apicad, bearing two long setae apically. Spiculum gastrale with basal arms long, regularly curved. Sexual dimorphism Female unknown. Life history No data on host plants are available. The single known specimen was collected in November. Distribution The species was only found at the type locality, Tulbagh in the Western Cape province (Fig. 13).

Cryptolarynx sp. 1 REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA – Western Cape • 2 ♀♀; Cederberg Mountains, Gecko Creek Wilderness Lodge, campsite; 32.396° S, 18.987° E; 22 Aug. 2018; J. Haran leg.; near stands of Oxalis obtusa; JHAR01387; CBGP., Published as part of Haran, Julien M., Marvaldi, Adriana E., Benoit, Laure, Oberlander, Kenneth, Stals, Riaan & Oberprieler, Rolf G., 2023, Revision of the enigmatic South African Cryptolaryngini (Coleoptera, Curculionidae), with description of a new genus and twenty-two new species, pp. 1-89 in European Journal of Taxonomy 877 (1) on page 65, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2023.877.2151, http://zenodo.org/record/8110586

25. Hadrocryptolarynx major Haran gen. et sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 55B2B09A-2A4F-4D0D-996F-8E93E874C0E9 Figs 1X, 2X, 3X, 4X, 5X, 7M–P, 8F Differential diagnosis Hadrocryptolarynx major gen. et sp. nov. is at present the only species in its genus. See diagnostic characters in key to genera for differential diagnosis with species of Cryptolarynx. Etymology The species name major refers to the large body size of some specimens of the species, seemingly the largest among the Cryptolaryngini. The specific epithet is an adjective in the masculine form. Material examined Holotype REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA • ♂; “REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA. Western Cape Province, Klawer [13 km S]. 26.vii.2019. J. Haran leg.” “ 31.902° S 18.630° E. at base of Oxalis luteola. JHAR02464_0101. Cirad-CBGP coll.” “Holotype. Hadrocryptolarynx major. Haran 2023”; SAMC. Paratypes REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA – Western Cape • 1 ♂, 1 ♀; same collection data as for holotype; CBGP • 1 ♂, 1 ♀; same collection data as for holotype; NHMUK • 1 ♂; same collection data as for holotype; MNHN • 4 specs (preserved in ethanol); same collection data as for holotype; CBGP • 10 specs; Klawer 13 km S; 31.902° S, 18.630° E; 26 Jul. 2019; J. Haran leg.; at base of Oxalis luteola; JHAR02486; CBGP • 1 ♂, 2 specs; Velddrif, 32.722° S, 18.194° E; 27 Jul. 2019; J. Haran leg.; near stands of Oxalis pes-caprae; JHAR02482; CBGP • 1 ♂, 1 ♀; Worcester; 33.650° S, 19.417° E; 23 Sep. 1973; L. Schulze leg.; collected from flowers in Karoo garden; E-Y:148; TMSA • 1 ♀; 10 km WSW of Uitvlugt, Zandkraal Farm; 31.700° S, 18.767° E; 12 Sep. 1987; S. Endrödy-Younga leg.; dry coarse-sandy flat; E-Y:2490; TMSA • 2 ♂♂, 1 ♀; 5 km S of Vanrhynsdorp; 31.600° S, 18.733° E; 26 Sep. 1973; L. Schulze leg.; collected from Aizoaceae flowers; E-Y:162; TMSA • 1 ♂; Vanrhynsdorp S, Farm Wiedouw 309; 31.733° S, 18.783° E; 20–23 Sep. 1982; S. Louw leg.; NMBH 89711; SANC • 1 ♀; Namaqualand, Koekenaap dunes; 31.533° S, 18.233° E; 23 Sep. 1994; S. Endrödy-Younga and C.L. Bellamy leg.; pitfall traps 3 days; red sand dunes with patchy dense bushy vegetation; E-Y:3032; TMSA. Description (♂) MEASUREMENTS. Body elongate, length 2.0–6.0 mm. COLOUR AND VESTITURE. Body integument black, antennae, tibiae and tarsi reddish. Dorsal vestiture (pronotum + elytra) consisting of overlapping, recumbent, parallel-sided or bilaterally convex clothing scales, each 2–5 × as long as wide, truncate at apex, not aligned on interstriae, concealing integument. Colour of scales black, dark brown to pale brown, grey or white; darker scales usually concentrated medially over pronotum and on elytral interstriae 1–3; paler scales concentrated laterally and on pronotum and elytra, usually forming a transverse spot near middle of interstriae 1–3. Scales arising from strial punctures not different from those of rest of vestiture. HEAD. Forehead slightly wider than epifrons near antennal insertions, scales recumbent. Eyes convex, in dorsal view distinctly exceeding outline of head, surrounded by a ring of short scales, on forehead directed towards occiput; distance between eye and scrobe less than width of an eye. Epifrons flat, as wide as forehead, epifrontal scales suberect and orientated laterad, towards scrobes, overlapping. Frons with 3 pairs of long erect lateral setae. Epistome without median seta. Antennae with funicle segment 1 longer than wide, as long as 2 and 3 combined, 2–4 subcylindrical, slightly angular on inside, 5–7 globular or moderately elongate. THORAX. Pronotum moderately transverse (W:L ratio 1.15), widest near midlength, sides arcuate; apex and base subequal in width; integument densely punctate, spaces between punctures narrow, dull, surface regularly convex. ELYTRA. Broadly ovate (W:L ratio 0.76), sides arcuate, widest near midlength. LEGS. Slender. Tibiae with apical mucro, inner margin bisinuate; protibiae curved in apical half; mesotibiae curved in apical third; metatibiae straight. Protarsi with segments 1 and 2 isodiametric; meso and metatarsi with segments 1 and 2 2 × as long as wide. ABDOMEN. Ventrites 1–4 with pale, recumbent, plumose scales intermixed with white suberect setae; ventrite 5 with a few scales near base, elsewhere setose only; ventrites 1–2 slightly concave medially, 5 convex medially. TERMINALIA. Body of penis elongate (W:L ratio 0.3), as long as temones, acuminate at apex, in profile downcurved in apical third. Tectum narrow but distinct; endophallus with copulatory sclerite divided into two symmetrical, elongate structures. Parameroid lobes of dorsal plate of tegmen fused and jointly evenly rounded at apex, devoid of seta. Spiculum gastrale asymmetrical; divergence of basal arms V-shaped. Sexual dimorphism The sexes can be distinguished by the shape of the elytra (elongate and widest near midlength in male, shorter and widest at base in female) and by ventrites 1–2 (concave in male, convex in female), and half of females examined bear a series of long, suberect setae on interstriae 1–3–5–7. Life history Adults of Hadrocryptolarynx major gen. et sp. nov. were at several localities found in dense stands of Oxalis luteola, most specimens collected from the base of the plants. As in Cryptolarynx, some specimens were observed to form small holes in the soil, below the leaves of various surrounding plants (Fig. 7O). The weevils are active during the day on open fields but may also climb onto vegetation. Adults were collected between July and September. Distribution Hadrocryptolarynx major gen. et sp. nov. was mostly collected in the northwestern regions of the Western Cape province, from Koekenaap to Velddrif and inland to Vanrhynsdorp and Worcester (Fig. 13). Remarks Specimens of Hadrocryptolarynx major gen. et sp. nov. were collected in sympatry with those of C. spinicornis sp. nov. Amplification of the standard mitochondrial barcode fragment failed repeatedly for this species, and the fragments of the only two specimens that successfully amplified (JHAR02464_0101 and JHAR02486_0101) yielded five regions with large nucleotide deletions. By contrast, all remaining nucleotides aligned well with those of the various species of Cryptolarynx sequenced and showed no traces of stop codons. This fragment is probably of pseudogene origin caused by a mismatch between the primers and the actual mitochondrial copy of the COI fragment., Published as part of Haran, Julien M., Marvaldi, Adriana E., Benoit, Laure, Oberlander, Kenneth, Stals, Riaan & Oberprieler, Rolf G., 2023, Revision of the enigmatic South African Cryptolaryngini (Coleoptera, Curculionidae), with description of a new genus and twenty-two new species, pp. 1-89 in European Journal of Taxonomy 877 (1) on pages 68-70, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2023.877.2151, http://zenodo.org/record/8110586

Cryptolarynx sp. 6 (near C. hirtulus sp. nov.) REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA – Northern Cape • 1 ♂, 1 ♀; Calvinia N, Hantamsberg; 31.352° S, 19.803 °E; elevation 1544 m; 9 Nov. 2018; R. Borovec leg.; FFWS., Published as part of Haran, Julien M., Marvaldi, Adriana E., Benoit, Laure, Oberlander, Kenneth, Stals, Riaan & Oberprieler, Rolf G., 2023, Revision of the enigmatic South African Cryptolaryngini (Coleoptera, Curculionidae), with description of a new genus and twenty-two new species, pp. 1-89 in European Journal of Taxonomy 877 (1) on page 66, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2023.877.2151, http://zenodo.org/record/8110586

Cryptolarynx sp. 5 REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA – Western Cape • 1 ♂, 1 ♀; West Coast National Park, Postberg Section; 33.105° S, 18.003° E; 31 Aug. 2019; J. Haran leg.; at base of Oxalis obtusa; JHAR03236; CBGP. EF1 with 0.7% divergence from C. spinicornis sp. nov. (JHAR02465)., Published as part of Haran, Julien M., Marvaldi, Adriana E., Benoit, Laure, Oberlander, Kenneth, Stals, Riaan & Oberprieler, Rolf G., 2023, Revision of the enigmatic South African Cryptolaryngini (Coleoptera, Curculionidae), with description of a new genus and twenty-two new species, pp. 1-89 in European Journal of Taxonomy 877 (1) on page 66, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2023.877.2151, http://zenodo.org/record/8110586

Cryptolarynx sp. 2 REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA – Western Cape • 3 ♀♀; Swellendam 36 km E, Honeywood Farm; 34.007° S, 20.826° E; 24 Aug. 2018; J. Haran leg.; at base of Oxalis cf. purpurea; JHAR01435; CBGP., Published as part of Haran, Julien M., Marvaldi, Adriana E., Benoit, Laure, Oberlander, Kenneth, Stals, Riaan & Oberprieler, Rolf G., 2023, Revision of the enigmatic South African Cryptolaryngini (Coleoptera, Curculionidae), with description of a new genus and twenty-two new species, pp. 1-89 in European Journal of Taxonomy 877 (1) on page 65, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2023.877.2151, http://zenodo.org/record/8110586

Cryptolarynx sp. 4 REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA – Northern Cape • 1 ♂; Calvinia 16 km N, Groot Toren Farm; 31.333° S, 19.733° E; 14 Sep. 1994; S. Endrödy-Younga & C.L. Bellamy leg.; “ground and vegetation”; bushy vegetation, sandy/stony soil; E-Y:3003; TMSA., Published as part of Haran, Julien M., Marvaldi, Adriana E., Benoit, Laure, Oberlander, Kenneth, Stals, Riaan & Oberprieler, Rolf G., 2023, Revision of the enigmatic South African Cryptolaryngini (Coleoptera, Curculionidae), with description of a new genus and twenty-two new species, pp. 1-89 in European Journal of Taxonomy 877 (1) on page 66, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2023.877.2151, http://zenodo.org/record/8110586

10. Cryptolarynx estriatus (Marshall, 1957) Figs 1J, 2J, 3J, 4J, 5J Cryptopharynx estriatus Marshall, 1957: 19 Cryptolarynx estriatus – Van Schalkwyk 1966: 745 (implied new combination). — Oberprieler et al. 2007: 505, fig. 17 (colour photograph). Differential diagnosis Cryptolarynx estriatus can be distinguished from all other species of the genus by its suberect scales on epifrons, the two short carinae on ventrite 1 of the male and the unique long seta on the parameroid lobes. Material examined Holotype REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA • ♂; “ Type ” “S Africa. Cape Province [REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA – Northern Cape]. Nieuwoudtville [31.38° S, 19.11° E]. 18-22 xi 1931 ” “ Miss A. Mackie ” “ Cryptopharynx. estriatus. Mshl. TYPE” “ G.A.K. Marshall. Coll. B.M.1950-255”; NHMUK. Other material REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA – Northern Cape • 1 ♂, 1 ♀; Nieuwoudtville; 31.383° S, 19.100° E; 14 Sep. 1985; S. Endrödy-Younga leg.; flowering fynbos vegetation; E-Y:2242; TMSA • 1 ♂, 1 ♀; Nieuwoudtville; 31.383° S, 19.183° E; 15 Sep. 1985; S. Endrödy-Younga leg.; flowering Karoo vegetation; E-Y:2243; TMSA • 1 ♂; same collection data as for preceding; CBGP • 1 ♂, 2 ♀♀; Nieuwoudtville ca 30 km S, near De Hoop Farm; 31.550° S, 19.183° E; 15 Jul. 1996; S. Neser leg.; feeding on leaves of Homeria [now Moraea] sp. (Iridaceae) growing in road verge; ANIC • 3 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀; same collection data as for preceding; SANC. Redescription (♂) MEASUREMENTS. Body length 1.75–2.5 mm. COLOUR AND VESTITURE. Body integument black, scapes and tarsi reddish; vestiture of dorsum (pronotum + elytra) consisting of short, appressed, narrowly elliptical clothing scales partly concealing integument, slightly overlapping or subcontiguous, and longer, suberect clothing scales at least 2 × as long as wide on strial punctures; colour pattern consisting of broad median stripe of pearly brown scales on pronotum and elytra, flanked on either side by narrower stripe of white scales, laterally with paler brown scales intermixed with sparser white scales, without distinct white spots on elytral declivity. HEAD. Forehead narrower than width of an eye, surface flat. Eyes flat, in dorsal view only slightly exceeding outline of head, surrounded by a ring of short pale scales directed towards centre of eye except mesal ones directed posteriad; distance between eye and scrobe as wide as antennal club. Epifrons narrow, distance between antennal insertions 0.5 × length of scape, scales narrow, 3 × as long as wide, suberect. Frons with double pair of long lateral setae. Epistome with single median seta ca half as long as frontal setae. Antennae with funicle segment 1 and 2 elongate, more than 2 × as long as wide; 3–4 slightly longer than wide, slightly compressed, slightly angulate on inside, 2 and 4 on inside slightly angled; 5–7 isodiametric, subglobular. PRONOTUM. Strongly transverse, nearly 1.5 × as wide as long (W:L ratio 1.4–1.5), subcircular in dorsal view, widest just behind middle of length, sides strongly arcuate in basal half, straight and converging in apical half; anteriorly 2× narrower than posteriorly. ELYTRA. Globular, isodiametric (W:L ratio 1); sides convex, widest near midlength. LEGS. Tibiae with black apical mucro; protibiae with outer margin straight, inner margin with series of small black teeth in apical half; metatibiae with outer and inner margins faintly sinuate, mucro subperpendicular to external margin. Tarsi short, segment 2 wider than long (W:L ratio 1.4). ABDOMEN. Ventrites with creamy-white to pale brown plumose scales almost concealing integument, medially intermixed with long suberect setae; ventrite 1 concave medially, flanked on either side by a short but high, flat, black peg midway between anterior margin at metacoxae and posterior margin. TERMINALIA. Body of penis elongate (W:L ratio 0.45), 0.9× as long as temones, sides subparallel, strongly rounded inwards distally, apex subacuminate; curvature in profile weak and regular, dorsoventrally strongly flattened before apex. Copulatory sclerite indistinct, consisting of short, very thin, outwardly curved sclerotised rods at apices of longer and thicker crescentic fields of very fine asperities. Parameroid lobes separate, divided by deep median notch, each with anteapical constriction, bearing long marginal setae and shorter setae discally, all setae orientated centrifugally. Spiculum gastrale with basal arms regularly curved. Sexual dimorphism The sexes can be distinguished foremost by the conspicuous pair of flat black pegs on ventrite 1 in the male (absent in the female). Life history Specimens of C. estriatus were found on the ground or feeding on vegetation, but no precise data of its host plants are known. A series of adults was found feeding on leaves of Moraea by S. Neser near Nieuwoudtville in 1995, and they also fed on this plant in captivity (Oberprieler et al. 2007: fig. 17), but, in view of the wide use of Oxalis as larval host in Cryptolarynx, the larvae of C. estriatus probably also develop in bulbs of an Oxalis species rather than on Moraea. Adults were collected in July, September and November. Distribution Most specimens were collected in the Nieuwoudtville area, on the escarpment (Fig. 13). Remarks Marshall described this species based on a single female, but examination of the genitalia of ts specimen showed that it is actually a male. No fresh material of this species could be obtained., Published as part of Haran, Julien M., Marvaldi, Adriana E., Benoit, Laure, Oberlander, Kenneth, Stals, Riaan & Oberprieler, Rolf G., 2023, Revision of the enigmatic South African Cryptolaryngini (Coleoptera, Curculionidae), with description of a new genus and twenty-two new species, pp. 1-89 in European Journal of Taxonomy 877 (1) on pages 36-39, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2023.877.2151, http://zenodo.org/record/8110586, {"references":["Marshall G. A. K. 1957. A new subfamily of Curculionidae (Coleoptera). Proceedings of the Royal Entomological Society of London, Series B, Taxonomy 26 (1 - 2): 17 - 20. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 3113.1957. tb 01500. x","Van Schalkwyk H. A. D. 1966. Change of curculionid (Coleoptera) generic name from Cryptopharynx to Cryptolarynx. South African Journal of Agricultural Science 9 (3): 745. https: // doi. org / 10520 / AJA 05858860 _ 266","Oberprieler R. G., Marvaldi A. E. & Anderson R. S. 2007. Weevils, weevils, weevils everywhere. Zootaxa 1668 (1): 491 - 520. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 1668.1.24"]}

9. Cryptolarynx variabilis Haran sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: CABBADE9-B99D-481E-A5EE-ACFA0FF97187 Figs 1I, 2I, 3I, 4I, 5I, 6I–N, 8E Differential diagnosis Cryptolarynx variabilis sp. nov. is most similar to C. carinatus sp. nov., see the Differential diagnosis and Remarks sections under that species for diagnostic characters and genetic distances. Etymology The species name variabilis refers to the substantial morphological variation encountered in this species in terms of size, body ratios and elytral pattern. The specific epithet is an adjective in the masculine form. Material examined Holotype REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA • ♂; “ REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA. Western Cape Province, Stellenbosch. 20.vii.2018. J. Haran leg.” “ 33.949° S 18.876° E, sweeping of Oxalis pes-caprae. JHAR01185_0101. Cirad-CBGP coll.” “Holotype. Cryptolarynx variabilis. Haran 2023”; SAMC. Paratypes REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA – Western Cape • 2 ♀♀; same collection data as for holotype; SAMC • 3 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀; same collection data as for holotype; MLP • 3 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀, 10 specs (preserved in ethanol); same collection data as for holotype; CBGP • 1 ♂, 1 ♀, 3 specs (preserved in ethanol); Stellenbosch, Paradyskloof; 33.965° S, 18.877° E; 26 Jul. 2018; J. Haran leg.; at base of Oxalis purpurea; JHAR01215; CBGP • 1 ♂; Stellenbosch; 33.948° S, 18.879° E; 6 Aug. 2018; J. Haran leg.; Oxalis lanata; JHAR01235-0102; CBGP • 1 ♀; Stellenbosch, Jan Marais Nature Reserve; 33.931° S, 18.877° E; 15 Oct. 2019; R. Borovec leg.; sifting under Oxalis sp. in forest margin; FFWS • 1 ♂; Stellenbosch area, Koopmanskloof Nature Reserve; 33.897° S, 18.769° E; Jul. 2014; A. Stander leg.; D-vac sampling; JHAR01245; CBGP • 1 ♂, 3 specs (preserved in ethanol); Stellenbosch; 33.942° S, 18.873° E; 9 Aug. 2018; J. Haran leg.; Oxalis lanata; JHAR01247; CBGP • 4 specs (preserved in ethanol); Stellenbosch; 33.941° S, 18.872° E; 17 Aug. 2018; J. Haran leg.; Oxalis lanata; JHAR01363; CBGP • 1 ♂, 17 specs (preserved in ethanol); Stellenbosch; 33.949° S, 18.876° E; 3 Sep. 2018; J. Haran leg.; Oxalis pes-caprae; JHAR01479; CBGP • 1 ♂, 7 specs (preserved in ethanol); Stellenbosch, Jan Marais Nature Reserve; 33.930° S, 18.875° E; 13 Sep. 2018; J. Haran leg.; at base of Oxalis purpurea; JHAR01497; CBGP • 1 ♂, 2 specs (preserved in ethanol); Franschhoek Pass; 33.904° S, 19.157° E; 15 Sep. 2018; J. Haran leg.; JHAR01499; CBGP • 2 specs (preserved in ethanol); Pniel, Boschendal Estate; 33.891° S, 18.980° E; 16 Aug. 2019; J. Haran leg.; at base of Oxalis spp.; JHAR02564; CBGP • 4 specs (preserved in ethanol); Somerset West, Helderberg Nature Reserve; 34.061° S, 18.874° E; 14 Oct. 2019; J. Haran leg.; at base of Oxalis purpurea; JHAR02586; CBGP • 3 specs (preserved in ethanol); same collection data as for preceding; at base of Oxalis lanata; JHAR02588; CBGP • 1 ♂; Somerset West; [34.07° S, 18.84° E]; Nov.–Dec. 1927; A.J. Hesse; SAM-COL-A051992; SAMC. Description (♂) MEASUREMENTS. Body length 2.2–4.0 mm. COLOUR AND VESTITURE. Body integument black, scapes and tarsi reddish. Dorsal vestiture (pronotum + elytra) consisting of overlapping, recumbent, parallel-sided clothing scales, 2–3× as long as wide, truncate or rounded at apex; colour of scales varying from greyish to pale brown to black; pale scales concentrated in two longitudinal stripes on pronotum and on elytral interstriae 4, white scales forming a pair of spots surrounded by black scales at apical ⅔ of elytra; scales of striae recumbent, in lateral view not distinct from rest of vestiture. HEAD. Forehead as wide as epifrons near antennal insertions, as wide as width of an eye, scales recumbent. Eyes convex, in dorsal view slightly exceeding outline of head, surrounded by a ring of short pale scales, on forehead directed towards occiput; distance between eye and scrobe slightly smaller than width of antennal club. Epifrons with distance between antennal insertions 0.75 × length of scape, scales at least 2× as long as wide, recumbent, not contiguous. Frons with pairs of erect setae laterally. Epistome without median seta. Antennal funicles with segment 1 elongate; 2 half as long as 1, at most 2× as long as wide; 3–4 globular, isodiametric, compressed, slightly angular on inside; 5–7 globular, isodiametric; 7 sometimes wider than long. PRONOTUM. Transverse (W:L ratio 1.5–1.7), widest near midlength, sides arcuate; width of apex ⅔ × width of base. ELYTRA. Broadly ovate, slightly wider than long (W:L ratio 1.1), sides convex, widest near midlength. LEGS. Protibiae with outer margin straight, inner margin almost straight; metatibiae with apical mucro and inner setal fringe, setae shorter than segment 5 of metatarsus; metatibiae proximally with inner carina set off at an angle of ca 20° to outer margin. Tarsi with segment 2 wider than long. ABDOMEN. Ventrite 1 concave medially, impression with long setae and little scale cover; ventrites 1–4 with creamy-white or greyish plumose scales, not concealing integument, intermixed with long suberect setae, each apically bifid. TERMINALIA. Body of penis elongate (W:L ratio 0.4), as long as temones, sides subparallel, converging close to apex; curvature in profile weak and regular, dorsoventrally narrowed before apex. Copulatory sclerite serrate. Parameroid lobes separate, divided by modest median notch, each lobe broad, bearing a series of long setae directed apicad. Spiculum gastrale with basal arms long, right arm angled in midlength. Sexual dimorphism The sexes can be distinguished by the shape of ventrite 1 (in males concave with long setae divided from their bases, in females flat or slightly convex with short setae not or only slightly divided at their apices). Life history The larvae of C. variabilis sp. nov. develop in the bulbs of various species of Oxalis (O. pes-caprae L., O. purpurea and O. lanata); see Life history and Morphology of immature stages subsections of the Results section for details. Adults of the species were collected between July and October. The heat tolerance of this species was assessed in a comparative study of weevils associated with fire-prone ecosystems (Javal et al. 2022). Adults of C. variabilis were found to survive temperatures above 50°C, which is rare for arthropods, especially in small insects. This tolerance was hypothesized to be an adaptation for the survival of the larvae and teneral adults when enclosed in the bulbs during summer, a few centimetres below the surface of the ground. Distribution Based on the samples examined, C. variabilis sp. nov. seems to be restricted to the western slope of the Hottentots Holland Mountains range, from the Franschhoek Pass to Somerset West (Fig. 13). Remarks Intraspecific genetic distances among C. variabilis sp. nov. specimens were found to span up to 7.0% for COI (JHAR02563 / JHAR02586) and 1.9% for EF1 (JHAR01499 / JHAR01235), suggesting that several lineages in the process of differentiation may exist in the species as treated here. Morphology of immature stages Cryptolarynx variabilis Haran sp. nov. Material examined Eggs REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA – Western Cape • 2 specs (preserved in ethanol); Stellenbosch; 33.949° S, 18.876° E; 20 Jul. 2018; J. Haran leg.; eggs deposited by reared adults collected on Oxalis pes-caprae; JHAR01185; CBGP. Determined by association with adults. Larvae REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA – Western Cape • 2 specs in second and third instar; Stellenbosch; 33.949° S, 18.876° E; 20 Jul. 2018; J. Haran leg.; in bulbs of Oxalis pes-caprae; JHAR01185; (larvae initially preserved in ethanol; then dissected and slide-mounted in Euparal (as in May 1993) for examination under compound microscope) MLPA (preserved in ethanol) • 1 spec. of undetermined instar; same collection data as for preceding; CBGP • 1 spec. in last instar (larva initially preserved in ethanol; then dissected and slide-mounted in Euparal (as in May 1993) for examination under compound microscope); Stellenbosch, Jan Marais Nature Reserve; 33.930° S, 18.875° E; 13 Sep. 2018; J. Haran leg.; in bulb of Oxalis purpurea; JHAR01497; MLP. Determined by association with adults. Pupa REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA – Western Cape • 1 spec. (preserved in ethanol); Stellenbosch; 33.942° S, 18.873° E; 9 Aug. 2018; J. Haran leg.; in bulb of Oxalis lanata; JHAR01247; CBGP. Determined by association with adults. Descriptions Egg Length 0.8–1.0 mm; width 0.2–0.3 mm, widest near midlength. Slightly curved. Yellow. Larva (Figs 9A–B, 10A–I) MEASUREMENTS. Maximum body length 4.62 mm; head width 0.55 mm. HABITUS. Body very robust, curved, widest at thorax and anterior abdominal segments; setae pallid and inconspicuous, the longer setae slender, fine; cuticle with minute asperities; posterior third of head capsule in repose partially retracted into pronotum. HEAD. Subcircular in outline, about as long as wide; posterior margin rounded, not emarginate. Epicranial line short, about 0.3 × length of head capsule. Frontal lines and endocarina absent. Hypopharyngeal bracon hyaline, without maculae. Postoccipital margin simple, without condyles. Cranial setae well developed, in modal numbers: fs3, 4, 5 long, fs1, 2 shorter, fs3 placed outward of fs4 and behind fs5, des1, 2, 3, 4, 5, well developed, des4 shorter, pes1–4 minute; epicranial sensillum present, close to des2 and pes4; les1, 2 long; vcs1, 2 long. STEMMATA. Present as two pigmented dark spots, anterior stemma larger than posterior one. ANTENNAE. Situated on dorso-anterior margin of head; membranous basal segment bearing sensorium and eight smaller sensilla externally; sensorium broadly conical, about isodiametric or slightly longer than wide, circular in apical view. CLYPEUS. Pigmented at base; cls1, 2 well developed; sensillum closer to cls1. LABRUM. Transverse, completely pigmented, anterior margin evenly rounded; labral setae lms1 well developed; single basal sensillum present, median (lateral) sensilla absent; labral rods (seen on epipharyngeal side) subparallel, rather short, acute at apices. EPIPHARYNX. With three als; ams1 conspicuous; mes1, 2 between labral rods, mes1 pair slightly less apart than mes2 pair. MANDIBLES. Bidentate at apex, with obtuse tooth on cutting edge; transversely rugose on exterior lateral surface; mds1, 2 aligned transversely. MAXILLAE. Each stipe with 1 seta at base, 2 palpiferal setae and 1 minute seta plus sensillum near base of mala; maxillary malae with 4 vms, median 2 smaller, and with 6 elongated dms in a row; maxillary palps 2-segmented, 1 seta on basal segment, none on distal segment. LABIUM. Postmentum with pms1 pair more widely apart than pms2, 3 pairs; premental sclerite hardly distinct, its posterior extension subtriangular, posterior margin V-shaped, anterior extension indistinct; labial palps 1-segmented; ligula wide. THORAX. Spiracles placed on pronothorax, oval, annular, without airtubes. Pronotum pigmented, not divided by median line, with 9 setae. Meso- and metathorax with 1 prs and 4 pds. Pedal area with 4 clearly distinct setae (t, u, v and w); the longest (v and w) placed on a lobe slightly distinct in the pedal area; some minute additional setae present (e.g., v´). ABDOMEN. Spiracles of AI–VIII placed laterally, of similar size as thoracic spiracle, subcircular, without airtubes. Segments AI–VII with 3 dorsal folds, prodorsum and postdorsum both similarly prominent. AVIII with prodorsum and postdorsum distinct.AIX with dorsum somewhat expanded over AX (in mature larva). AX with anus subterminal; lateral anal lobes and dorsal anal lobe larger than ventral anal lobe. Remarks The smaller larva examined (Fig. 9B) may correspond to the second instar (body length 2.40 mm; head width 0.39 mm). It agrees with the last-instar larva in the characters described above (Fig. 10A–I), including the spiracles. Differences between early- and later-instar larvae involve relative dimension of structures, with the head (in relation to body), the antennae and stemmata being relatively larger in earlier instars, and the pigmentation and level of sclerotisation of body areas tend to increase in successive instars. Pupa (Fig. 11A–C) Colour white, cuticle smooth. Setae (given for one side of body) inconspicuous, pallid, placed on small tubercles on head (with 1 vs, 1 sos; rostrum with 2 brs; without setae on mandibular theca) and pronotum (with 2 aps, 3 lps, 2 bps, and 3 dps). Rostrum reaching procoxae. Pronotum 1.3× as wide as long, rounded laterally, tapering anteriorly. Mesonotum 1.5× as long as metanotum. Primary pterothecae (elytral sheaths) well developed, covering hindlegs (when folded onto body, as in Fig. 6L); secondary pterothecae absent (adult without hindwings). Femora without apical setae. Abdominal segments I–IV of subequal width; segments V–VIII tapered gradually towards terminal IX, the latter with posterior processes (“pupal urogomphi”) small, pointed at sclerotised apex., Published as part of Haran, Julien M., Marvaldi, Adriana E., Benoit, Laure, Oberlander, Kenneth, Stals, Riaan & Oberprieler, Rolf G., 2023, Revision of the enigmatic South African Cryptolaryngini (Coleoptera, Curculionidae), with description of a new genus and twenty-two new species, pp. 1-89 in European Journal of Taxonomy 877 (1) on pages 34-75, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2023.877.2151, http://zenodo.org/record/8110586, {"references":["Javal M., Terblanche J. S., Smit C. & Haran J. 2022. Comparative assessment of heat tolerance in weevils associated with a fire-prone ecosystem. Ecological Entomology 48 (2) [2023]: 240 - 250. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / een. 13218","May B. M. 1993. Larvae of Curculionoidea (Insecta: Coleoptera): a systematic overview. Fauna of New Zealand 28: 1 - 223.","Van Schalkwyk H. A. D. 1966. Change of curculionid (Coleoptera) generic name from Cryptopharynx to Cryptolarynx. South African Journal of Agricultural Science 9 (3): 745. https: // doi. org / 10520 / AJA 05858860 _ 266","Marshall G. A. K. 1957. A new subfamily of Curculionidae (Coleoptera). Proceedings of the Royal Entomological Society of London, Series B, Taxonomy 26 (1 - 2): 17 - 20. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 3113.1957. tb 01500. x"]}

1. Cryptolarynx vitis (Marshall, 1957) Figs 1A, 2A, 3A, 4A, 5A, 6A–C, 8G Cryptopharynx vitis Marshall, 1957: 18. Cryptolarynx vitis – Van Schalkwyk 1966: 745 (implied new combination). — Van den Berg 1968: 189–204 (anatomy of adult). — Thompson 1992: 848 (figures of male abdominal ventrites, male sternite VIII). — Oberprieler 2014: 438 (biology). Differential diagnosis Cryptolarynx vitis is morphologically most similar to C. subglaber sp. nov. but differs in its denser vestiture (scattered in C. subglaber), only weakly contrasting white scales on the mes- and metanepisterna with those on the elytra (significantly different in C. subglaber) and its distinctly different copulatory sclerite. The two species differ genetically by uncorrected pairwise distances ranging from 15.1 to 22.1% for COI and from 1.1 to 2.7% for EF1. Material examined Lectotype REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA • ♀; “Type [red label]” “ Cape Prov. [REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA – Western Cape]. Stellenbosch; [33.93° S, 18.86° E]; On vine leaf. 1956” “ Cryptopharynx vitis, Mshl. TYPE ♀ ” [Newly added label, red, printed:] “LECTOTYPE Cryptopharynx vitis Marshall, 1957 des. J. Haran 2023”; NHMUK. Paralectotypes REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA – Western Cape • 1 ♀; same collection data as for lectotype; NHMUK • 7 ♂♂, 8 ♀♀; same collection data as for lectotype; C.I.E. Coll. 14762, U.S. 708; NHMUK • 2 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀; same collection data as for lectotype; C.I.E Coll. 14762, U.S. 708; SAMC SAM-ENT-004206. All with original handwritten type labels: “ Cryptolarynx vitis Mshl Cotypes ♂ / ♀ ”. All with newly added labels, blue, printed: “ PARALECTOTYPE Cryptopharynx vitis Marshall, 1957 des. J. Haran 2023”. Other material REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA – Western Cape • 1 ♂, 4 ♀♀; Stellenbosch; 33.930° S, 18.875° E; 6 Sep. 2018; J. Haran leg.; at base of Oxalis glabra; JHAR01484; CBGP • 1 ♂, 14 specs (preserved in ethanol); Stellenbosch, Kylemore; 33.918° S, 18.956° E; 8 Sep. 2019; J. Haran leg.; at base of Oxalis glabra; JHAR01488; CBGP • 1 ♂, 10 specs (preserved in ethanol); Malmesbury; 33.454° S, 18.743° E; 10 Sep. 2019; J. Haran leg.; at base of Oxalis spp.; JHAR02559; CBGP • 1 ♂, 19 specs (preserved in ethanol); Cape Town, Tygerberg Nature Reserve; 33.875° S, 18.596° E; 20 Sep. 2019; J. Haran leg.; at base of Oxalis glabra; JHAR02568; CBGP • 1 spec. (preserved in ethanol); Pniel, Boschendal Estate; 33.873° S, 18.976° E; 16 Sep. 2019; J. Haran leg.; at base of Oxalis spp.; JHAR03198; CBGP • 5 specs (preserved in ethanol); Wellington 15 km WNW; 33.609° S, 18.849° E; 10 Sep. 2019; J. Haran leg.; at base of Oxalis spp.; JHAR03199; CBGP • 1 ♂, 1 ♀; Wellington; 33.64° S, 19.01° E; 1 Feb. 1955; G.D. Malan leg.; Ac. U.S. 708; SANC • 1 ♂, 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; NHMUK • 1 spec.; same collection data as for preceding; Jan.–Feb. 1955; G.D. Malan leg.; Ac. U.S. 708; SAM-COL-A045641; SAMC • 2 ♂♂, 1 ♀; Franskraal, Suikerbosrand Farm; 34.600° S, 19.400° E; 28 Sep. 1984; R. Müller leg.; sweeping; E-Y:2127; TMSA • 2 ♀♀; Cape Town, Cape Flats, Philippi, ca 3–4 mi E; 34.01° S, 18.62° E; elev. 180 ft; 7 Aug. 1954; J. Balfour-Browne leg.; with Hydrodictyon (algae) and Aponogeton; B.M. 1954-797, STN-347; NHMUK • 1 ♂; Cape Town, Cape Flats, Rapenburg; 33.95° S, 18.48° E; 1–14 Oct. 1920; R.E. Turner leg.; NHMUK • 1 ♂; Gansbaai, Grootbos Private Nature Reserve; 34.536° S, 19.416° E; 13 Oct. 2018; J. Haran leg.; on Oxalis caprina; JHAR01592; CBGP • 1 ♂, 1 ♀; Hottentots-Holland Nature Reserve, Nuweberg 10 km NE, Grabouw–Villiersdorp–Franschhoek junction; 34.027° S, 19.210° E; 13 Nov. 1973; S. Endrödy-Younga and J. Strydom leg.; in dam; E-Y:239; TMSA. Redescription (♂) MEASUREMENTS. Body length 1.6–3.6 mm. COLOUR AND VESTITURE. Body integument black, scapes and tarsi reddish; vestiture of dorsum (pronotum + elytra) consisting of short, recumbent, subtriangular clothing scales, isodiametric or slightly longer than wide, partly concealing integument, overlapping or subcontiguous, and longer, suberect clothing scales at least 2 × as long as wide in strial punctures; colour pattern highly variable, scale colours brown and grey; grey scales usually condensed on pronotum at base and apex of median line, on two sublateral longitudinal stripes and on elytra on striae 4–5, usually forming a transverse band at apical ⅔, sometimes divided into a pair of spots spanning interstriae 1–3. HEAD. Forehead narrower than width of an eye, surface slightly concave. Eyes flat, in dorsal view only slightly exceeding outline of head, surrounded by a ring of short pale scales directed towards centre of eye; distance between eye and scrobe larger than width of antennal club. Epifrons narrow, distance between antennal insertions 0.5× length of scape, scales at least 3 × as long as wide, suberect, overlapping. Frons with a single pair of long lateral setae. Epistome with single median seta. Antennae variable, with funicle segments 1 elongate, at least 2 × as long as wide; 2–4 at least slightly longer than wide, compressed, on inside slightly angled; 5–7 isodiametric or wider than long, globular or slightly compressed. PRONOTUM. Strongly transverse, nearly 2 × as wide as long (W:L ratio 1.6–1.8), almost semicircular in dorsal view, widest at base, sides parallel or slightly arcuate in basal ⅓, straight or slightly curved and converging in apical ⅔; anteriorly 2 × narrower than posteriorly. ELYTRA. Globular, isodiametric (W:L ratio 1); sides convex, widest near midlength. LEGS. Tibiae with black apical mucro; protibiae with outer margin straight, inner margin with series of small black teeth in apical half; metatibiae bisinuate, distal side of mucro perpendicular to external margin of metatibiae. Tarsi short, segment 2 much wider than long (W:L ratio 1.7–2.0). ABDOMEN. Ventrite 1 with distinct cuticular elevation reaching posterior suture, concave medially, forming a semicircular cavity, scales in impression plumose; ventrites 1–4 with overlapping white or pale brown scales; ventrite 5 with scattered suberect, elongate scales, partly concealing integument. TERMINALIA. Body of penis elongate (W:L ratio 0.3), 0.6–1.0 × as long as temones, sides diverging apicad in basal ⅔, converging in apical third; curvature in profile weak and regular, dorsoventrally strongly narrowed before apex. Copulatory sclerite slender, short. Parameroid lobes separate, divided by deep median notch, each lobe with anteapical constriction, bearing long marginal setae and shorter setae discally, all setae orientated centrifugally. Spiculum gastrale with basal arms regularly curved. Sexual dimorphism Males and females can be distinguished by their body shape (smaller and globular in male, larger and broadly ovate in female), the structure of the first ventrite (with a central cuticular depression concealed by plumose scales in male, flat in female) and the width of the forehead (at most slightly wider in male, 2× as wide as epifrons between antennal insertions in female). Life history Large numbers of specimens of Cryptolarynx vitis were collected in monospecific stands of Oxalis glabra Thunb. at various sites, but it was not reared from the bulbs of this plant species and its exact association with this species of Oxalis therefore needs verification. Oxalis glabra is a weedy species that forms dense covers in vineyards in winter. High population densities of C. vitis in these stands can lead to damage to vine leaves when adults emerge and undertake maturation feeding (Marshall 1957). In this study, adults of this species were mostly found between August and November but once, in a population at Wellington, in January and February. The seasonal occurrence reported by Van den Berg (1968), if applicable to the same species, indicates an activity of adults from late September to early December, with a peak in mid-November. Distribution The species occurs in lowland valleys of the Cape Town area, from Cape Town to Malmesbury and Wellington in the north and to Gansbaai in the south-east, from sea level to 400 m in elevation (Fig. 13). The specimens from Ceres reported by Marshall (1957) could not be examined for this study and may represent a different species. Remarks A redescription of this species is provided to accommodate the variability in characters encountered in the wider geographical context than known to Marshall (1957) and Van den Berg (1968). Together with C. hirtulus sp. nov., C. robustus sp. nov., C. squamulatus sp. nov. and C. subglaber sp. nov., C. vitis forms a species group characterised mainly by a narrow forehead, slightly erect elytral scales and a narrow apex of the parameroid lobes. Preliminary reconstruction of the phylogenetic relationships between the species of Cryptolarynx also suggests that these species form a cluster distinct from the other species of the genus (Fig. 12). It should be noted that the weakly supported preliminary phylogenetic relationships in this species group were not fully resolved with EF1 (Fig. 12). In C. vitis, intraspecific distances ranged up to 10.0% for COI and 2.5% for EF1 between specimens from different localities. This species may comprise several genetic lineages in the process of speciation, but stable morphological differences could not be identified. The description of C. vitis was based on 24 males and 24 females (Marshall 1957), of which 7 males and 10 females are preserved in the NHMUK and 2 males and 2 females in the SAMC. A female syntype in the NHMUK, bearing a type label in Marshall’s hand, is here designated as the lectotype of C. vitis and was labelled accordingly (see above), and all other syntypes examined were labelled as paralectotypes., Published as part of Haran, Julien M., Marvaldi, Adriana E., Benoit, Laure, Oberlander, Kenneth, Stals, Riaan & Oberprieler, Rolf G., 2023, Revision of the enigmatic South African Cryptolaryngini (Coleoptera, Curculionidae), with description of a new genus and twenty-two new species, pp. 1-89 in European Journal of Taxonomy 877 (1) on pages 9-14, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2023.877.2151, http://zenodo.org/record/8110586, {"references":["Marshall G. A. K. 1957. A new subfamily of Curculionidae (Coleoptera). Proceedings of the Royal Entomological Society of London, Series B, Taxonomy 26 (1 - 2): 17 - 20. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 3113.1957. tb 01500. x","Van Schalkwyk H. A. D. 1966. Change of curculionid (Coleoptera) generic name from Cryptopharynx to Cryptolarynx. South African Journal of Agricultural Science 9 (3): 745. https: // doi. org / 10520 / AJA 05858860 _ 266","Van den Berg H. C. 1968. A morphological study of the Vine Snout Beetle, Cryptolarynx vitis (Marshall) (Coleoptera: Curculionoidea). Annals of the University of Stellenbosch, Series A 43 (2): 183 - 221.","Thompson R. T. 1992. Observations on the morphology and classification of weevils (Coleoptera, Curculionoidea) with a key to major groups. Journal of Natural History 26 (4): 835 - 891. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222939200770511","Oberprieler R. G. 2014. 3.7. 1 Brachycerinae Billberg, 1820. In: Leschen R. A. B. & Beutel, R. G. (eds) Handbook of Zoology, Vol. IV: Arthropoda: Insecta. Part 38: Coleoptera, Beetles. Volume 3: Morphology and Systematics (Phytophaga): 424 - 451. De Gruyter, Berlin. https: // doi. org / 10.1515 / 9783110274462.423"]}

Ebenacobius atratus (Hesse, 1929) gen. et comb. nov. Derelomus atratus Hesse, 1929: 525. Differential diagnosis Ebenacobius atratus gen. nov. can be distinguished by the combination of appendiculate claws and elytra with distinct but recumbent setae, as long as or shorter than width of interstriae. This species is very close to, if not a synonym of, E. turneri gen. et comb. nov. (see the remarks section under that species). E. atratus has short, not or slightly raised squamiform setae on elytra (long, erect and piliform setae in E. turneri). Material examined Holotype (from description) REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA – KwaZulu-Natal Province • ♂; Estcourt. Remarks Ebenacobius atratus gen. nov.) was described in the genus Derelomus based on a single male deposited at SAMC (Hesse 1929). This specimen was loaned to Guillermo Kuschel (loan 24018) who undertook a study on palaeotropical Derelomini from 2007. Unfortunately he passed away before he could complete this work and left the very preliminary manuscript and the material borrowed from institutions was partly not recovered (see postscript in Haran et al. 2020). Despite intensive search in the material of Derelomini loaned, the holotype of this species could not be identified and is provisionally considered as lost. Life history Unknown. Distribution Republic of South Africa (Kwazulu-Natal Province).

Ebenacobius costalis (Fåhraeus, 1844) gen. et comb. nov. Figs 1E, I, 2E, 4I, 6E Derelomus costalis Fåhraeus, 1844: 93. Derelomus rugosicollis Hesse, 1929: 530. Syn. nov. Differential diagnosis Ebenacobius costalis gen. et comb. nov. can be distinguished from other species of the genus by the combination of basal ⅓ of first stria with a single row of at least slightly misaligned punctures (Fig. 1E) and by the rostrum moderately downcurved and only slightly longer than prothorax (1.1 ×) in lateral view (Fig. 4I). Type material Lectotype of Derelomus costalis Fåhraeus, 1844 (here designated) REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA • “ ♂ ” “ Cap. B. Spei. [REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA, Western Cape Province]” “Drege” “3758. E91+” “Lectotype ♂; Derelomus. costalis; Fåhraeus, 1844; Haran Des. 2022” “ Ebenacobius; costalis; (Fåhraeus, 1844); Haran 2022”; NHRS. Lectotype of Derelomus rugosicollis Hesse, 1929 (here designated) REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA • 1 ♂; “ Mfongosi; Zululand [REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA, KwaZulu-Natal Province]” “Zululand; Mfongosi; Apr 1923; W E Jones ” “ Derelomus; rugosicollis; Types Hesse” “Type [red label]” “Type; SAM/Ent; 4037 [red label]” “Lectotype ♂; Derelomus; rugosicollis; Hesse, 1929; Haran Des. 2022” “ Ebenacobius; costalis; (Fåhraeus, 1844); Haran 2022”; SAMC. Paralectotype of Derelomus costalis Fåhraeus, 1844 REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA • 1 ♀; same collection data as for lectotype of Derelomus rugosicollis excluding red type label; “Paralectotype ♀; Derelomus; rugosicollis; Hesse, 1929; Haran Des. 2022” “ Ebenacobius; costalis; (Fåhraeus, 1844); Haran 2022”; SAMC. Other material examined REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA – Eastern Cape Province • 1 ♀; Kirkwood; 33°22′48.0″ S, 25°27′36.0″ E; 15 Jul. 2019; J. Haran leg.; on yellow Asteraceae; JHAR02390_0101; CBGP • 1 ♂, 1 ♀; Alexandria Forest Station; 33°43′ S, 26°23′ E; 3 Dec. 1987; Endrödy-Younga leg.; general collection; E-Y: 2549; TMSA • 1 ♀; Little Karoo, Baviaanskloof; 33°39′ S, 24°31′ E; 6 Dec. 1995; C.L. Bellamy leg.; beating; E-Y: 3172; TMSA. – Kwazulu-Natal Province • 2 ♂♂; Pongolapoort; 27°25′15.7″ S, 31°55′10.3″ E; Oct. 2009; Ş. Procheş leg.; on Schotia brachypetala (Fabaceae); JHAR04161-62; CBGP. – Western Cape Province • 1 ♀; Plettenberg Bay; 34°03′ S, 23°23′ E; 13 Feb. 1990; V.M. Uys leg.; SANC • 4 ♀♀; CT [Cape Town]; Nov. 1900; CleDoux leg.; acc67769; USNM. Redescription Male BODY LENGTH. 3.0– 3.2 mm. COLOUR. Body integument pale brown, head reddish-brown, prothorax with two large dark-brown areas on each side on the median line, elytra generally with a dense network of transverse dark shades on basal ⅔, sometimes reduced to transverse band on apical ⅔ or absent; dorsum (prothorax + elytra) with minute recumbent setae, not contiguous. HEAD. Rostrum 1.1 × longer than prothorax in lateral view, moderately downcurved, slightly more near base; underside with row of setae, almost as long as 2 nd segment of funicle, integument forming small tubercle before apex; in dorsal view covered with recumbent non-contiguous setae; antennae inserted at ⅔ of length; head capsule coarsely punctate in dorsal view, with non-contiguous setae, setae slightly longer near dorsal margin on eyes; eyes convex, exceeding the lateral curve of head capsule in dorsal view; antennal funicle with segment 1 elongate, 1.5 × longer than wide, as long as 2–4, 3–7 wider than long. PROTHORAX. Wider than long (W:L ratio: 1.3), widest near base, narrower there than elytra at humeral angles; sides subparallel in basal ¾, slightly and regularly converging apicad; apical constriction as long as width of funicle at apex; integument densely punctate, space between punctures smooth and shiny, narrower than or equal to diameter of punctures; setae in each puncture very short, recumbent, not exceeding in length the diameter of punctures; prosternal process reduced forming a small tubercle between the procoxae. ELYTRA. Sides slightly convex, widest near middle of length (W:L ratio: 0.68); humeri raised; apex jointly rounded; striae made of one row of more or less misaligned punctures, at least misaligned on basal ⅓ of stria 1, narrower than interstriae; interstriae flat, 1-3-5 convex apically, 9 entirely convex; scutellar shield rounded, glabrous. ABDOMEN. Underside covered with small non-contiguous whitish setae. LEGS. Profemora strongly thickened near middle of length; protibiae with external margin straight, meso- and metatibiae curved outward in apical half; tibiae armed with small apical mucro; claws simple. TERMINALIA. Body of penis elongate (W:L ratio: 0.32), as long as apodemes, sides slightly bisinuate in dorsal view, widest near apical ⅓, rounded and converging in apical ⅓, apex acuminate; in lateral view curvature stronger in basal ⅓, almost straight in apical ⅔, width slightly expanding apicad in basal ⅔ (Fig. 6E). Sexual dimorphism Females can be distinguished from males by their rostrum which is narrower and distinctly longer, 1.3 × longer than prothorax in lateral view (1.1 in ♂♂). Remarks In the collection housed at NHRS, a male specimen with the labels “Cap. B. Spei.” and “Drège” and corresponding to the description of Derelomus costalis in all respects was located. This specimen is the unique individual available and the description does not refer to a specific holotype, it is therefore here designated as the lectotype of Derelomus costalis Fåhraeus, 1844 and was labeled accordingly. In the collections housed at SAMC, a male specimen with the labels “Mfongosi; Zululand” and “ Derelomus; rugosicollis; Types; Hesse [hand written]” was identified. The description only refers to an undetermined number of males and females forming the type series. In the absence of a specific holotype designated for this species, the male specimen reported above is here designated as the lectotype for Derelomus rugosicollis Hesse, 1929 and was labeled accordingly.A detailed examination of the external and internal morphology of this specimen revealed no differences with the lectotype of Derelomus costalis. The name Derelomus rugosicollis is therefore a junior synonym of Derelomus costalis. It should be noted that the lectotypes of both D. costalis and D. rugosicollis are young ill-sclerotized specimens and that their uniformly pale colour is not representative of the colour pattern of the species. A redescription of this species is provided to account for the patterns found on fully sclerotized specimens of this species. In some specimens from the western Cape and Kwazulu-Natal Provinces of the Republic of South Africa, striae 9 are not erased in basal 1/6, but subcontiguous or merged with striae of 10. Life history The host plant of E. costalis gen. et comb. nov. is unknown, adults have been sporadically collected on flowers of Asteraceae and Fabaceae, which are probably only used as shelters by this species. Adults were collected in February, July, October, November and December. Distribution Republic of South Africa (Eastern Cape, Kwazulu-Natal and Western Cape Provinces)., Published as part of Haran, Julien, Benoit, Laure, Procheş, Şerban & Kergoat, Gael J., 2022, Ebenacobius Haran, a new southern African genus of flower weevils (Coleoptera: Curculioninae: Derelomini) associated with dicotyledonous plants, pp. 1-54 in European Journal of Taxonomy 818 (1) on pages 23-26, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.818.1771, http://zenodo.org/record/6532969, {"references":["Fahraeus O. I. 1844. [New taxa] In: Schoenherr C. J. Genera et species curculionidum, cum synonymia hujus familiae species novae aut hactenus minus cognitae, descriptionibus a Dom. L. Gyllenhal, C. H. Boheman, O. J. Fahraeus, et entomologiis aliis illustratae. Tomus octavus. - Pars prima. Supplementum continens. Roret, Paris [Parisiis] / Fleischer, Leipzig [Lipsiae]. Available from https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 4113827 [accessed 30 Aug. 2021].","Hesse J. C. 1929. Some new species of Curculionidae from South Africa and South West Africa. Annals of the South African Museum 25: 475 - 536."]}

Ebenacobius rectirostris Haran gen. et sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 960A68FE-5C99-4BBF-BFB2-3E4C4F72B87E Figs 2B, 4C, 6B, 7A–C Differential diagnosis Ebenacobius rectirostris gen. et sp. nov. can be distinguished from other species of the genus by its short and straight rostrum in lateral view and its body integument glabrous, uniformly pale yellow or brownish at most with a transverse dark stripe at base and near middle of length between interstriae 5. Males lack a prosternal process. Ebenacobius rectirostris is morphologically closely related to Derelomus pallidus Fåhraeus, 1844 but in the latter species the interocular groove is lacking and the penis shows a distinct thickening near the base. Etymology This species is named in reference to its straight rostrum in lateral view, an apparently unique feature among species of Ebenacobius gen. nov. Material examined Holotype REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA • ♂; “Rep. of South Africa [REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA]; Limpopo Pr. Mulati; 10.vii.2018; J. Haran leg.” “-23.92 30.84; flowers Euclea natalensis; JHAR01147_0101 ” “Holotype; Ebenacobius rectirostris; Haran 2022”; SAMC. Paratypes REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA – Limpopo Province • 1 ♂, 1 ♀; same collection data as for holotype; TMSA • 1 ♂, 1 ♀; same collection data as for holotype; SAMC • 1 ♂, 1 ♀; same collection data as for holotype; MNHN • 1 ♂, 1 ♀; same collection data as for holotype; SANC • 1 ♂, 1 ♀; same collection data as for holotype; NHMUK • 1 ♂, 1 ♀, 100 specs (preserved in ethanol); same collection data as for holotype; CBGP • 3 ♀♀; Lapalala Nature Reserve; 23°30′36.0″ S, 28°10′12.0″ E; 21–22 Jan. 1987; R. Oberprieler leg.; SANC • 1 ♀; Mogol Nature Reserve, Ellisras District; 23°34′48.0″ S, 27°27′00.0″ E; 19–23 Nov. 1979; S.J. van Tonder and C. Kok leg.; light trap; SANC • 1 ♀; La Cotte, near Tzaneen; 9 Oct. 1979; Colin R. Owen leg.; USNM • 1 ♂; N Transvaal, Mmabolela estate; 22°40′ S, 28°15′ E; 8 Mar. 1973; Endrödy-Younga leg.; mercury vap. light; E-Y: 27; TMSA. – Free State Province • 1 ♀; Bloemfontein Naval Hill; 29°06.296′ S, 26°13.581′ E; 27 Nov. 2017; R. Borovec leg.; FFWS • 1 ♀; 5 km west of Maseru; 22 Oct. 1988; W. Wittmer leg.; TMSA – Gauteng Province • 1 ♂; Kwalata; Jan. 2011; Ş. Procheş leg.; on flowers of Kiggelaria; no. 2399; CBGP. – Mpumalanga Province • 2 ♂♂; Mbombela [formerly Nelspruit]; 25°30′02.7″ S, 30°57′16.5″ E; 4 Apr. 2018; J. Haran leg.; on inflorescences of Cussonia spicata; JHAR00843; CBGP • 2 ♀♀; Kruger National Park, Skukuza Research Camp; 25°00′ S, 31°35′ E; 1–16 Dec. 2010; James Harrison leg.; UV light trap; TMSA • 1 ♀; Kruger National Park, Skukuza Research Camp; 24°59′54.7″ S, 31°35′42.7″ E; 12–14 Dec. 1985; S. and J. Peck; thornscrub and riverine lightraps; CMN. – KwaZulu-Natal Province • 3 ♀♀; Qachas Neck; 30°09′36.0″ S, 28°40′48.0″ E; 30 Dec. 2018; J. Haran leg.; on inflorescences of Searsia sp. (Anacardiaceae); JHAR02070; CBGP. – Western Cape Province • 2 specs (preserved in ethanol); Stellenbosch Mountain; 33°57′36.0″ S, 18°52′48.0″ E; 17 Aug. 2018; J. Haran leg.; on inflorescences of Searsia sp. (Anacardiaceae); JHAR01360; CBGP • 1 spec. (preserved in ethanol); Jonkershoek Nature Reserve; 33°58′26.4″ S, 18°56′06.4″ E; 22 Jul. 2018; J. Haran leg.; beating fynbos; JHAR03295; CBGP • 1 ♂, 3 ♀♀; Gamka Nature Reserve; 33°40.301′ S, 21°53.397′ E; 25 Oct. 2019; R. Borovec leg.; night beating and sweeping of fynbos; FFWS • 1 ♂; R62, 20 km of West Barrydale, Op de Tradowpas; 33°55.265′ S, 20°30.805′ E; 15 Nov. 2016; R. Borovec leg.; sifting litter under Galenia africana L.; FFWS • 6 ♂♂, 4 ♀♀; North Uniondale, North Side Kammanasieberge; 33°32.348′ S, 22°58.613′ E; 22 Oct. 2019; R. Borovec leg.; FFWS • 1 ♀; 10 km south of Elands Bay; 32°30′12.5″ S, 18°20′31.4″ E; 27 Jul. 2019; J. Haran leg.; beating flowering Lebeckia sericea (Fabaceae); JHAR02488; CBGP. Description Male BODY LENGTH. 2.1–2.5 mm. COLOUR. Body integument uniformly pale brown to brown (the dark triangle at base on elytra correspond to the dark sternites visible through the translucent integument of elytra), 5% of specimens with a dark dot on mid-length of interstriae 5, very few specimens with a dark transverse strip between interstriae 5 at base and near middle of length; dorsum with very short recumbent setae, glabrous and shiny in appearance. HEAD. Rostrum as long as prothorax in lateral view, almost straight, regularly narrowing from base to apex; in dorsal view covered with recumbent non-contiguous setae; antennae inserted at apical 1/4 of length; head capsule glabrous and coarsely punctate in dorsal view; eyes convex, exceeding the lateral curve of head capsule in dorsal view; antennal funicle with segment 1 elongate, 1.5 × longer than wide, as long as 2–4, 4–7 wider than long. PROTHORAX. Slightly wider than long (W:L ratio: 1.25), widest near middle of length, narrower there than elytra at humeral angles; sides subparallel in basal ⅔, narrowed in apical ⅓; apical constriction as long as width of apex of funicle; integument densely punctate, space between punctures micropunctate, narrower than diameter of larger punctures. ELYTRA. Sides subparallel in basal half, widest near middle of length (W:L ratio: 0.70); humeri raised; apex jointly rounded; striae as wide or slightly narrower than interstriae, interstriae slightly convex, 9 forming a carina; scutellar shield rounded, glabrous. ABDOMEN. Underside covered with minute whitish setae, glabrous in appearance. LEGS. Profemora strongly thickened near middle of length; tibiae with external margin straight, armed with a small apical mucro; claws simple. TERMINALIA. Body of penis elongate (W:L ratio: 0.30), as long as apodemes, widest at base, slightly narrowing from base to apical ⅓ of length, widening and then narrowing in apical ⅓, apex truncate; in lateral view curvature stronger in basal half, narrowing sharply near apex (Fig. 6B). Sexual dimorphism Females can be distinguished from males by their rostrum which is slightly narrower and longer than in ♂♂. Antennae inserted slightly closer to middle of length in ♀♀ than in ♂♂. Remarks Ebenacobius rectirostris gen. et sp. nov. is remarkably morphologically similar to Derelomus pallidus and was collected in sympatry with this species at several sites in the Western Cape Province (JHAR01360/2488/3295), though always in smaller numbers. Derelomus pallidus is associated with inflorescences of Euclea racemosa L. and seems restricted to the Western Cape Province (JH unpubl. obs.). Ebenacobius rectirostris by contrast is found abundantly in the North Eastern provinces of South Africa on inflorescences of Euclea natalensis. This peculiar case suggests that the genus Euclea was independently colonized by two derelomine genera and that these shifts resulted in strong morphological convergences. Ebenacobius rectirostris is a quite variable species, with some populations from the Western Cape Province exhibiting a slightly larger body size, longer rostrum and darker integuments. The sequencing of the COI barcode showed high intraspecific uncorrected p -distances ranging up to 2.74% between individuals from the Western Cape Province (JHAR01360) and the Mpumalanga (JHAR00843). This elevated level of intraspecific divergence suggests that several genetic lineages might exist in this species as currently considered. To date morphological examination of available specimens showed no morphological differences among specimens presenting a high level of genetic differentiation. Life history Ebenacobius rectirostris gen. et sp. nov. was collected in large numbers on flowers of Euclea natalensis in the Limpopo Province. The records in the Western Cape Province suggest that this species may use other species of Euclea as host plants. The few isolated records on inflorescences of Anacardiaceae, Araliaceae and Fabaceae likely correspond to host plants only used as shelter or refuge by adults. Adults are attracted by UV lights and have been collected by sifting leaf litter, suggesting that this species may be active at night and hide during the day at the base of plants. This species was recorded in sympatry with E. atratus gen. et comb. nov. Adults were collected almost all year round. Distribution This species is widely distributed in the Republic of South Africa, in the Gauteng, Kwazulu-Natal, Limpopo, Mpumalanga and Western Cape Provinces., Published as part of Haran, Julien, Benoit, Laure, Procheş, Şerban & Kergoat, Gael J., 2022, Ebenacobius Haran, a new southern African genus of flower weevils (Coleoptera: Curculioninae: Derelomini) associated with dicotyledonous plants, pp. 1-54 in European Journal of Taxonomy 818 (1) on pages 16-18, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.818.1771, http://zenodo.org/record/6532969, {"references":["Fahraeus O. I. 1844. [New taxa] In: Schoenherr C. J. Genera et species curculionidum, cum synonymia hujus familiae species novae aut hactenus minus cognitae, descriptionibus a Dom. L. Gyllenhal, C. H. Boheman, O. J. Fahraeus, et entomologiis aliis illustratae. Tomus octavus. - Pars prima. Supplementum continens. Roret, Paris [Parisiis] / Fleischer, Leipzig [Lipsiae]. Available from https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 4113827 [accessed 30 Aug. 2021]."]}

Ebenacobius hippopotamorum Haran gen. et sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: B47B9BFA-B008-4D25-AC97-14AF75D0C6CA Figs 3E, 5G, 6N Differential diagnosis Ebenacobius hippopotamorum gen. et sp. nov. can be distinguished by the following combination of features: claws simple, prothorax with two dark bands on each side of the median line, reaching the basal and apical margins of prothorax and elytra with minute setae glabrous in appearance (Fig. 3E). This species is closely related to E. pedi gen. et sp. nov. and E. tsonga gen. et sp. nov., but in these species bands on prothorax are not reaching the apical margin (Fig. 3C–D). Etymology The species name refers to the location where the recently collected specimens were found: a dry river bank inhabited by a group of hippos that made access to the flowering Euclea bush particularly delicate. Type material Holotype REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA • ♂; “Rep. of South Africa [REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA]. Mulati [Limpopo Province ]; 10.vii.2018 ” “ 23°55’12.0″ S 30°50’24.0″ E; flowers of Euclea natalensis; J. Haran leg.; JHAR01148 ” “Holotype; Ebenacobius hippopotamorum; Haran 2022”; SAMC. Paratypes REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA – Limpopo Province • 1 ♂, 1 ♀, 1 spec. (preserved in ethanol); Mulati; 23°55′12.0″ S, 30°50′24.0″ E; 10 Jul. 2018; J. Haran leg.; on flowers of Euclea natalensis; JHAR01148; CBGP • 2 ♀♀; SA Wildlife College, 10 km from Orpen Gate of KNP; 24°01′58.3″ S, 31°11′25.5″ E; 17 Oct. 2000; W. Breytenbach leg.; collected along tar road on flowering Lonchocarpus capassa (Fabaceae); SANC. Description Male BODY LENGTH. 2.0– 2.2 mm. COLOUR. Body integument pale brown, head reddish-brown; prothorax with 2 longitudinal dark bands on each side of the median line, reaching basal and apical margin of prothorax; dark pattern on elytra forming interstriae 1, 3 and 5 a spots at base longitudinal bands near middle of length; dorsum (prothorax + elytra) with minute recumbent setae, not contiguous, integument glabrous in appearance. HEAD. Rostrum shorter than prothorax in lateral view, moderately downcurved; underside with a row of setae, as long as 2 nd segment of funicle, integument forming a small tubercle before apex; in dorsal view covered with short recumbent and non-contiguous setae; antennae inserted near apical 1/4 of length; head capsule coarsely punctate in dorsal view, with minute recumbent whitish setae, shorter than diameter of punctures; eyes convex, exceeding the lateral curve of head capsule in dorsal view; antennal funicle with first segment 1.5 × longer than wide, as long as 2–4, 3–7 wider than long. PROTHORAX. Wider than long (W:L ratio: 1.30), widest near basal ⅓, slightly narrower there than elytra at humeral angles; sides straight or slightly convex in middle of length, moderately converging apicad, abruptly converging in apical 1/5, apical constriction as long as width of funicle at apex; integument densely punctate, space between punctures smooth, shiny, at most as wide as diameter of punctures; setae of larger punctures shorter than diameter of punctures in the central area; prosternal process absent, integument only raised beyond procoxae. ELYTRA. Sides slightly convex, widest near middle of length (W:L ratio: 0.70); humeri raised; apex jointly rounded; striae with punctures well aligned, 1.5–2 × narrower than interstriae; interstriae slightly convex, more convex apically, 9 entirely convex; scutellar shield rounded, glabrous. ABDOMEN. Underside covered with recumbent whitish setae, not contiguous. LEGS. Profemora strongly thickened near middle of length, forming internal angle beyond middle of length; protibiae with external margin straight, meso- and metatibiae slightly curved outward in apical half; tibiae armed with a small apical mucro, almost indistinct on meso- and metatibiae; claws simple. TERMINALIA. Body of penis elongate (W:L ratio: 0.33), 0.8 × as long as apodemes; sides subparallel, narrowing apicad in apical ¼ in dorsal view, apex acute; in lateral view curvature slightly stronger in basal half, width expanding from base to apical ¼, narrowing apicad in apical 1/4 (Fig. 6N). Sexual dimorphism Females can be distinguished from males by their rostrum which is almost straight in lateral view. Remarks One of the female specimens from Orpen Gate of KNP shows a distinctly less downcurved and more elongate rostrum. This divergent phenotype exceeds the variability commonly observed in Ebenacobius gen. nov. and in Derelomini in general and could indicate that several closely related species might exist in this species in its current concept. Life history Ebenacobius hippopotamorum gen. et sp. nov. was collected on flowers of Euclea natalensis, which is probably its host plant. This species was collected in sympatry with E. rectirostris gen. et sp. nov. on this plant, although in smaller numbers. Adults were collected in July and October. Distribution Republic of South Africa (Limpopo Province)., Published as part of Haran, Julien, Benoit, Laure, Procheş, Şerban & Kergoat, Gael J., 2022, Ebenacobius Haran, a new southern African genus of flower weevils (Coleoptera: Curculioninae: Derelomini) associated with dicotyledonous plants, pp. 1-54 in European Journal of Taxonomy 818 (1) on pages 41-44, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.818.1771, http://zenodo.org/record/6532969

Key to genera of afrotropical continental Derelomini (sensu Franz 2006) 1. Eyes in dorsal view flat, not protruding over contour of head capsule in dorsal view. Larvae developing on Elaeis guineensis Jacq. (Arecaceae)......................................................................... 2 – Eyes in dorsal view convex (Fig. 1B), at least moderately exceeding the contour of head capsule in dorsal view (Fig. 2F). Larvae developing on other plants than Elaeis guineensis........................... 3 2. Integument black, deeply sculptured, without darker or paler markings on prothorax and elytra. Prothorax with a knob or tooth between procoxae and basal margin of prosternum................................................................................................................................................. Prosoestus Faust, 1899 – Integument yellow to reddish brown, shallowly sculptured, usually with dark markings on prothorax and elytra. Prothorax lacking knob or tooth behind procoxae, in some species males with a prosternal process between procoxae................………………………..………… Elaeidobius Kuschel, 1952 3. Claws free......................................................................................................................................... 4 – Claws connate. Central Africa (Congo)............................... Lomederus ghesquierei Marshall, 1932 4. Forehead flat, lacking a middle groove (Fig. 1C). Lateral carina of prothorax generally strangled before apex (Fig. 1C). Body of penis with a thickening near base, visible in lateral view. In males, stridulatory plate (tergite VII) basally indented on each side of the row of tubercles...................................................................................................................................... Derelomus Schoenherr, 1825 – Forehead with a middle groove (Fig. 1B). Lateral carina of prothorax constricted before apex (Fig. 1A). Width of body of penis regular in lateral view (Fig. 6). In males, stridulatory plate (tergite VII) with basal margin smooth, lacking indentation on each side of the row of tubercles (Fig. 1J)................................................................................................................ Ebenacobius Haran gen. nov., Published as part of Haran, Julien, Benoit, Laure, Procheş, Şerban & Kergoat, Gael J., 2022, Ebenacobius Haran, a new southern African genus of flower weevils (Coleoptera: Curculioninae: Derelomini) associated with dicotyledonous plants, pp. 1-54 in European Journal of Taxonomy 818 (1) on page 6, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.818.1771, http://zenodo.org/record/6532969, {"references":["Franz N. M. 2006. Towards a phylogenetic system of derelomine flower weevils (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Systematic Entomology 31 (2): 220 - 287. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 3113.2005.00308. x","Kuschel G. 1952. Los Curculionidae de la Cordillera Chileno-Argentina (1. a parte). Revista Chilena de Entomologia 2: 229 - 279.","Marshall G. A. K. 1932. XXVII. - New Curculionidae (Col.) from tropical Africa. Journal of Natural History, Series 10 10 (57): 217 - 230. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222933208673569","Schoenherr C. J. 1825. Continuatio tabulae synopticae familiae curculionidum. Isis von Oken 17 (5): cols. 581 - 588."]}

Ebenacobius xhosa Haran gen. et sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 3BF246BA-CB1D-4434-971E-D20CBBF78D3F Figs 2G, 4D, 6G Differential diagnosis Ebenacobius xhosa gen. et sp. nov. can be distinguished by the combination of uniformly reddish dorsum, lacking dark pattern made of strips or dots, the convexity of eyes distinctly exceeding the lateral curve of the head in dorsal view and the profemora angled internally (only males available). Etymology This species is dedicated to the Xhosa people, inhabitants of the Eastern Cape Province of the Republic of South Africa, where the few known specimens of this taxa were collected. Type material Holotype REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA • 1 ♂; “ SOUTH AFRICA, CP. [Eastern Cape Province]; Thomas Bains Nat. Res. nr. Grahamstown; 33.24S. 26.30E; 500m 3.xii1992; R. Oberprieler ” “NATIONAL COLL. OF INSECTS; Pretoria, S. Afr.” “Holotype; Ebenacobius xhosa; Haran 2022”; SANC. Paratype REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA • 1 ♂; same collection data as for holotype; SANC. Description Male BODY LENGTH. 3.0– 3.2 mm. COLOUR. Body integument uniformly reddish-brown, head and prothorax slightly darker; dorsum (prothorax + elytra) with small recumbent setae, contiguous, forming 2 rows on interstriae. HEAD. Rostrum as long as prothorax in lateral view, downcurved near base, moderately downcurved in apical ⅔; underside with a row of setae, as long as 2 nd segment of funicle, integument forming angle before apex; in dorsal view covered with recumbent subcontiguous setae; antennae inserted at apical ⅓ of length; head capsule coarsely punctate in dorsal view, with minute setae, glabrous in appearance, setae longer and more visible near dorsal margin of eyes; eyes convex, exceeding the lateral curve of head capsule in dorsal view; antennal funicle with segment 1 elongate, 2× longer than wide, as long as 2–4, 3–7 wider than long. PROTHORAX. Wider than long (W:L ratio: 1.4), widest near middle of length, slightly narrower there than elytra at humeral angles; sides slightly rounded; apical constriction short, lateral curve oblique, as long as width of funicle at apex; integument densely punctate, space between punctures smooth and shiny, wider than diameter of punctures, with smaller punctures 3× smaller than larger punctures, setae in each larger puncture as long as diameter of these punctures; prosternal absent, integument between procoxae without elevation. ELYTRA. Sides slightly convex, widest near middle of length (W:L ratio: 0.76); humeri raised; apex jointly rounded; striae with punctures well aligned, narrower than interstriae; interstriae slightly convex, 1–3–5 more convex apically, 9 entirely convex; scutellar shield rounded, glabrous. ABDOMEN. Underside covered with small non-contiguous whitish setae. LEGS. Profemora strongly thickened near middle of length, forming internal tooth-like angle; protibiae with external margin straight, meso- and metatibiae curved outward in apical half; tibiae armed with a small apical mucro; claws simple. TERMINALIA. Body of penis moderately elongate (W:L ratio: 0.44), 1/5 shorter than apodemes, sides subparallel in dorsal view, apex truncate; in lateral view curvature moderate and regular, width slightly narrowing from basal ¼ to apex (Fig. 6G). Sexual dimorphism Females are unknown. Life history Unknown, adults were collected in December. Distribution Ebenacobius xhosa gen. et sp. nov. is only known from the type locality in the Eastern Cape Province of the Republic of South Africa., Published as part of Haran, Julien, Benoit, Laure, Procheş, Şerban & Kergoat, Gael J., 2022, Ebenacobius Haran, a new southern African genus of flower weevils (Coleoptera: Curculioninae: Derelomini) associated with dicotyledonous plants, pp. 1-54 in European Journal of Taxonomy 818 (1) on pages 27-29, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.818.1771, http://zenodo.org/record/6532969

Ebenacobius kuscheli Haran gen. et sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: E85498E4-BF3F-48B4-A3FF-FEB0DEC51FE3 Figs 2I, 4H, 6I Differential diagnosis Ebenacobius kuscheli gen. et sp. nov. can be distinguished by the following combination of features: claws simple, presence of dark patterns on elytra, setae on prothorax longer than the diameter of larger punctures (Fig. 2I) and rostrum moderately downcurved in lateral view (Fig. 4H). Males lack a protruding prosternal process. Etymology This species is dedicated to the late Guillermo Kuschel for his significant contribution to the knowledge of Derelomini. Type material Holotype REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA • ♂; “S. Afr [REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA]; Tvl. [Mpumalanga Province] Nelspruit [Mbombela]; Nat. Res., Rivulet val; 25.29S – 30-55 E” “ 18.12.1986; E-Y: 2397; Litt; riverine bush. Leg. Endrödy-Younga” “Holotype; Ebenacobius kuscheli; Haran 2022”; TMSA. Paratypes REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA – Mpumalanga Province • 1 ♂, 1 ♀; same collection data as for holotype; TMSA • 1 ♂; same collection data as for holotype; SANC • 1 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀; Nelshoogte Knuckles rocks; 25°47′ S, 30°50′ E; 4 Dec. 1986; Endrödy-Younga leg.; interception trap, 62 days; TMSA • 1 ♂; same collection data as for preceeding; CBGP • 2 ♂♂; Berlin, gorge-edge; 25°32′ S, 30°44′ E; 3 Feb. 1987; Endrödy-Younga Leg.; beating bushes; E-Y:2405; TMSA. – Gauteng Province • 2 ♀♀; Tierpoort; 23 Oct. 1967; C.M. Niemann leg.; SANC. – KwaZulu-Natal Province • 1 ♀; Drakensberg, Oqalweni Forest; Oct. 1960; in humus; Z.A.26; TMSA. Description Male BODY LENGTH. 2.8–3.0 mm. COLOUR. Body integument pale brown to dark reddish-brown, head and prothorax generally darker than background of elytra; prothorax uniform or with two longitudinal and ill-defined dark bands on each sides of the median line; elytra with dark elongated spots on base of interstriae 3 and 5, in some individuals forming a continuous trip at base of interstriae 1–5 and a transverse more or less continuous dark band near middle of length, generally wider on interstria 5; dorsum (prothorax + elytra) with recumbent setae, contiguous, on prothorax longer than diameter of larger punctures. HEAD. Rostrum as long as prothorax in lateral view, slightly and regularly downcurved in lateral view; underside with a row of setae, shorter than 2 nd segment of funicle, integument forming a small tubercle before apex; in dorsal view covered with recumbent not or subcontiguous setae; antennae inserted at apical 1/4 of length; head capsule coarsely punctate in dorsal view, with recumbent whitish setae, longer than diameter of punctures; eyes convex, exceeding the lateral curve of head capsule in dorsal view; antennal funicle with segment 1 elongate, 2× longer than wide, as long as 2–4, 3–7 wider than long. PROTHORAX. Wider than long (W:L ratio: 1.3), widest near middle of length, slightly narrower there than elytra at humeral angles; sides moderately and regularly convex; apical constriction as long as width of funicle at apex; integument densely punctate, space between punctures smooth and shiny, mostly wider than diameter of punctures; setae longer than diameter of punctures; prosternal process absent, integument only slightly raised before procoxae. ELYTRA. Sides slightly convex, widest near middle of length (W:L ratio: 0.70); humeri raised; apex jointly rounded; striae with punctures well aligned, 1.5–2 × narrower than interstriae; interstriae slightly convex, slightly more convex apically, 9 entirely convex; scutellar shield rounded, glabrous. ABDOMEN. Underside covered with small non-contiguous whitish setae. LEGS. Profemora strongly thickened near middle of length, almost forming an internal angle beyond middle of length; protibiae with external margin straight, meso- and metatibiae slightly curved outward in apical half; tibiae armed with a small apical mucro, smaller on metatibiae; claws simple. TERMINALIA. Body of penis elongate (W:L ratio: 0.42), 0.7 × as long as apodemes, sides subparallels in dorsal view, abruptly narrowed in apical 1/5, apex truncate; in lateral view curvature moderate, regular, narrowing apicad in apical 1/5 (Fig. 6I). Sexual dimorphism Feebly apparent, females can be distinguished from males by their rostrum which is slightly less downcurved, longer than prothorax in lateral view. Life history Unknown. Adults of E. kuscheli gen. et sp. nov. were collected on unidentified bushes, with interception traps or by sifting leaf litter. Adults are active in February, October and December. Distribution Republic of South Africa (Mpumalanga and Kwazulu-Natal Provinces)., Published as part of Haran, Julien, Benoit, Laure, Procheş, Şerban & Kergoat, Gael J., 2022, Ebenacobius Haran, a new southern African genus of flower weevils (Coleoptera: Curculioninae: Derelomini) associated with dicotyledonous plants, pp. 1-54 in European Journal of Taxonomy 818 (1) on pages 31-32, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.818.1771, http://zenodo.org/record/6532969

Ebenacobius incognitus (Hesse, 1929) gen. et comb. nov. Figs 3F, 5B, 6O Derelomus incognitus Hesse, 1929: 526. Differential diagnosis This species can be distinguished by the following combination: claws appendiculate and dorsum (prothorax + elytra) with minute whitish setae, glabrous in appearance. In most specimens, the basal 4/5 of first interstriae are dark brown (Fig. 3F). Apex of protibiae in females has a long premucro giving the impression of a double mucro. Type material Holotype REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA • ♀; “C/T [Cape Town; Western Cape Province; REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA]; Aug/93” “Type [red label]” “ Derelomus incognitus; Type; Hesse” “ Holotype; Ebenacobius; incognitus; (Hesse, 1929); Haran 2022”; SAMC. Other material examined REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA – Eastern Cape Province • 2 ♂♂; The Claims’ Farm, near Komga Kubusi R. valley; 32°29′ S, 27°53′ E; 1 Dec. 1992; R. Oberprieler leg.; SANC • 1 ♂; Fort Beaufort; Jun. 1947; R. Story leg.; SANC • 1 ♀; Suurberg Nature Reserve; 33°16′ S, 25°45′ E; 28 Nov. 1988; R. Oberprieler leg.; in crown of Encephalartos longifolius (Zamiaceae); SANC. – Western Cape Province • 1 ♂, 1 ♀; Mossel Bay; Apr. 1921; R.E. Turner leg.; NHMUK • 1 ♀; Cape Town; 17 Mar. 1902; CleDoux leg.; acc67769; USNM • 1 ♂; Sweweekspoort, Klein Swartberge; 33°24′ S, 21°24′ E; 1 Dec. 1988; R. Oberprieler leg.; SANC. Remarks Ebenacobius incognitus gen. et comb. nov. was described in the genus Derelomus based on a single male deposited at SAMC (Hesse 1929). This specimen was loaned to Guillermo Kuschel (loan 24018) who undertook a study on palaeotropical Derelomini from 2007. Unfortunately he passed away before he could complete this work and left the very preliminary manuscript and the material borrowed from institutions (see postscript in Haran et al. 2020). Despite intensive search in the material of Derelomini loaned, the holotype of this species could not be identified and is provisionally considered as lost. This species is very distinct and specimens examined were easily identified based on Hesse’s description. Life history Host plant unknown. The record on Encephalartos longifolius (Jacq.) Lehm. is accidental given the known biology of the genus. Adults were collected in March, April, August, November and December. Distribution Republic of South Africa (Eastern and Western Cape Provinces)., Published as part of Haran, Julien, Benoit, Laure, Procheş, Şerban & Kergoat, Gael J., 2022, Ebenacobius Haran, a new southern African genus of flower weevils (Coleoptera: Curculioninae: Derelomini) associated with dicotyledonous plants, pp. 1-54 in European Journal of Taxonomy 818 (1) on pages 44-45, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.818.1771, http://zenodo.org/record/6532969, {"references":["Hesse J. C. 1929. Some new species of Curculionidae from South Africa and South West Africa. Annals of the South African Museum 25: 475 - 536.","Haran J., Beaudoin-Ollivier L., Benoit L. & Kuschel G. 2020. Revision of the palm-pollinating weevil genus Elaeidobius Kuschel, 1952 (Curculionidae, Curculioninae, Derelomini) with descriptions of two new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 684: 1 - 32. https: // doi. org / 10.5852 / ejt. 2020.684"]}

Ebenacobius curvisetis Haran gen. et sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 3DD9C8C6-8783-49E7-B92E-4938BC82263C Figs 2A, 4A, 6A Differential diagnosis Ebenacobius curvisetis Haran gen. et sp. nov. can be distinguished by the combination of simple claws and long erect setae on dorsum. It is also the sole species of the genus with apex of elytra forming an acute expansion. Etymology This species is named in reference to the peculiar downcurved setae on its dorsum. Material examined Holotype REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA • ♂; “S. Afr. [REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA]; Limpopo Prov; Meletse Reserve 1003m; 24.36S – 27.39E ” “ 24- 26.11.2014. E-Y:3953. At light, bushveld; Leg. Ruth Müller ” “Holotype; Ebenacobius curvisetis Haran 2022 ”; TMSA. Paratypes REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA – Limpopo Province • 1 spec.; Meletse Reserve, at center; 24°36′ S, 39°13′ E; 2 Dec. 2015; E. Seamark leg.; TMSA • 1 ♂, 2 ♀♀; D’Nyala Nature Reserve, Ellisras; 23°45′ S, 27°49′ E; 24–26 Sep. 1990; R. Oberprieler leg.; SANC • 1 ♂; same collection data as for preceeding; CBGP • 1 ♂; Lapalala Wilderness; 23°53′ S, 28°20′ E; 10–11 Jan. 1991; R. Oberprieler leg.; SANC • 2 ♂♂; Mogol Nature Reserve, Ellisras District; 23°58′ S, 27°45′ E; 19–23 Nov. 1979; S.J. van Tonder and C. Kok leg.; light trap; SANC • 2 ♀♀; Waterberg, Geelhoutbush farm; 24°22′ S, 27°34′ E; 10 Oct. 1995; Endrödy-Younga & Bellamy leg.; pyrethrum fogging of Peltophorum africanum; E-Y:3161; TMSA • 1 ♀; same locality as for preceding; 7 Oct. 1995; Endrödy-Younga & Bellamy leg.; UV light; E-Y:3154; TMSA • 1 ♀; Nylsvley Meteorological station; 24°40′ S, 28°42′ E; 25 Sep. 1975; Endrödy-Younga leg.; sifted litter; E-Y: 916; TMSA • 1 ♀; same locality as for preceding; 27 Jan. 1976; Endrödy-Younga leg.; sifted litter; E-Y:1015; TMSA • 1 ♀; Kwalata; Jan. 2011; at light; Ş. Procheş leg.; no. 2371; CBGP. Description Male BODY LENGTH. 3.2–3.5 mm. COLOUR. Body integument pale brown; vestiture of elytra made of rows of erect setae, downcurved in apical half, as long as interstria width and of rows of short recumbent setae, each interstria with a row of long and two rows of short setae laterally; setae not concealing the integument. HEAD. Rostrum as long as prothorax in lateral view, moderately downcurved, in dorsal view covered with suberect setae up to apex; antennae inserted at apical 1/4 of length; head capsule densely covered with erect setae in dorsal view, with row of longer setae along dorsal margin of eyes; eyes slightly convex, moderately exceeding lateral curve of head capsule in dorsal view; antennal funicle with segment 1 elongate, 2 × longer than wide, as long as 2+3, 4 isodiametric, 5–7 wider than long. PROTHORAX. Wider than long (W:L ratio: 1.37), widest in basal half, sides rounded, narrowed in apical ½; integument shiny, with coarse punctures, space between punctures micropunctate, as wide as or narrower than diameter of larger punctures; setae oriented toward scutellar shield. ELYTRA. Sides slightly convex, widest near middle of length (W:L ratio: 0.64); humeri raised, forming a carina at base on interstria 7; each elytron separately acuminate apically; striae as wide or slightly narrower than interstriae, interstriae flat, 1–3 convex apicad, 9 entirely convex; scutellar shield rounded, bearing setae. ABDOMEN. Underside mostly covered with short whitish scales. LEGS. Profemora moderately thickened in middle; protibiae straight in basal ⅔, downcurved apically; all tibiae armed with a strong apical mucro; claws simple. TERMINALIA. Body of penis elongate (W:L ratio: 0.26), 2 × as long as apodemes, widest at base, narrowing from base to basal ⅓ of length, from there widening apicad, constricted before apex, apex flat; in lateral view curvature stronger in basal ⅓, narrowing apicad in apical 1/4 (Fig. 6A). Sexual dimorphism Males and females can be distinguished by their rostrum which is longer than prothorax and narrower in ♀♀, as long as prothorax and thicker in ♂♂. Antennal insertion located at apical ⅓ in ♀♀ and at apical 1/ 4 in ♂♂. Life history Ebenacobius curvisetis gen. et sp. nov. was collected with light traps and by sifting leaf litter. The host plant is unknown, two specimens were recorded once on the Fabaceae Peltophorum africanum Sond. Adults were collected from September to January. Distribution This species occurs in the Republic of South Africa where it seems restricted to the Limpopo Province., Published as part of Haran, Julien, Benoit, Laure, Procheş, Şerban & Kergoat, Gael J., 2022, Ebenacobius Haran, a new southern African genus of flower weevils (Coleoptera: Curculioninae: Derelomini) associated with dicotyledonous plants, pp. 1-54 in European Journal of Taxonomy 818 (1) on pages 14-16, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.818.1771, http://zenodo.org/record/6532969, {"references":["Fahraeus O. I. 1844. [New taxa] In: Schoenherr C. J. Genera et species curculionidum, cum synonymia hujus familiae species novae aut hactenus minus cognitae, descriptionibus a Dom. L. Gyllenhal, C. H. Boheman, O. J. Fahraeus, et entomologiis aliis illustratae. Tomus octavus. - Pars prima. Supplementum continens. Roret, Paris [Parisiis] / Fleischer, Leipzig [Lipsiae]. Available from https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 4113827 [accessed 30 Aug. 2021]."]}