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The aim of this work is to contribute to the Italian debate, firstly through a reconstruction of the main assumptions of Critical Social Work (CSW) whose analyses provide social workers with a critical awareness and reflexivity without which it would not be possible to link their professional practice and the daily challenges that LGBTQAI+ people face with the systemic and structural aspects of disadvantage and oppression that characterise contemporary societies. In this sense, CSW - applied to the fields of sexual orientations, gender identities and non-normative sexualities - is configured as an overall practice that invests the identities of social workers and users and their symbolic and material positioning within specific socio-cultural and structural systems and that aims, in general terms, to guarantee "spaces" for the elaboration of "own" narratives, for the selfdetermination of subjects and for the adoption of emancipatory and anti-oppressive practices. The article aims to identify conceptual nodes and main areas of application in order to solicit a more critical general reflection with respect to social service which aims to be “critical” towards its the hetero-cis-normative foundations

OBJECTIVES Only few studies compared the surgical morbidity and mortality of thoracoscopic segmentectomy versus lobectomy for non-small-cell lung cancer, in particular, by relating the segmental resections with the corresponding anatomical lobes. METHODS We enrolled a total of 7487 patients who underwent VATS lobectomy (7269) or segmentectomy (218) from January 2014 to July 2019. A propensity score matching approach was used to account for potential confounding factors between the 2 groups. After matching, 349 lobectomies and 208 segmentectomies were included in the analysis. We analysed the operative and postoperative outcomes of video-assisted anatomical segmentectomy compared with video-assisted lobectomy and, in details, the results of segmentectomy with its corresponding lobectomy in a large cohort of patients from the Italian VATS Group Registry. RESULTS The overall conversion rate to thoracotomy was not statistically different between the groups (27 patients 8% vs 7 patients 3%, P = 0.1). The lobectomy group had a greater number of resected lymph nodes (median 11 vs 8, P = 0.006). No significant differences were detected in 30-day mortality (1.4%, 5 patients vs 0.9%, 2 patients), overall complications (18%, 62 patients vs 14%, 29 patients) and prolonged air leakage (31 patients, 9% vs 12 patients, 6%) between lobectomy and segmentectomy, respectively. No statistical differences were found regarding the median duration of drainage (3.2 days, P = 1) and the overall median length of hospital stay (6.4 days, P = 0.1) between the 2 groups. In the context of segmentectomy versus corresponding lobectomy, the right upper lobectomy compared with right upper segmentectomy showed a higher number of resected lymph nodes (P = 0.027). No statistical differences were reported in terms of conversion rate and postoperative complication and mortality. CONCLUSIONS Segmentectomy could be considered a safe procedure without significant differences compared to thoracoscopic lobectomy in terms of postoperative morbidity and mortality.

The material characterization of nineteenth-century artifacts is of great interest, due both to the breakthrough technological advances and to the unprecedented spread of forgeries of antiquities which took place in that period. However, this type of artifacts has been largely overlooked in the past. In this paper we present the compositional analysis of gold jewels by the Castellani, one of the most important families of goldsmiths in nineteenth-century Europe. The use of a portable micro-XRF spectrometer, specifically developed for jewellery analysis at the Centro Nacional de Aceleradores (Seville), allowed us to analyse, in a completely non-invasive way, the alloys, joining techniques and surface treatments of the jewels of the Castellani collection at the National Etruscan Museum of Villa Giulia in Rome. The addition to the spectrometer of a second X-rays detector with a zinc filter allowed us to check the possible presence of low amounts of cadmium, a metal added to gold soldering only from the nineteenth century and often used in authenticity studies. Moreover, the relative intensities of the Au X-ray lines were studied in order to check non-invasively the presence of surface enrichments in gold., RM’s PhD was funded with a “Regione Toscana Pegaso PhD Scholarship 2017”. IOF wishes to acknowledge the “V Plan Propio de Investigación“ of the University of Seville.

The present study provides an example of how palaeopedology and facies analysis may be integrated for the interpretation of a cyclothemic succession in the Upper Pliocene (Piacenzian) of the Valdelsa Basin (central Italy). The stacking of facies and intervening bounding surfaces, including palaeosols, outline a hierarchy of elementary (EDS) and composite (CDS) depositional sequences within the unconformity-bounded stratigraphic units (S4-S6 synthems) which compose the succession. The focus of the study is on synthem S4 and the transition to synthem S5. Synthem S4 records the development of a distal alluvial plain dominated by floodbasin mudstone with subordinated channelized sandstone (S41), followed by the incision of a fluvial valley aggraded by the cyclical stacking of braided and low sinuosity channelized conglomerate and sandstone (S42). Synthem S5 includes lower shoreface sandstone and inner shelf mudstone related to a major transgression which affected the study area during the late Piacenzian. Evidence of soil-forming processes is well preserved within sub-unit S41 where five palaeosols (PS4a-e) are stacked within the facies architecture of EDS1c-d, both being defined as transgressive to high stand tracts. Increasing palaeosol development was observed within both EDSs, while palaeosols were generally thicker and more closely stacked within EDS1d. Palaeosols were interpreted as marking minor cycles of accommodation space creation within EDS1c, while marking a better defined high stand tract in EDS1d. Increasing upward soil development was observed within each EDS, with generally better developed soils in EDS S41d. The unconformable transition from S4 to S5 is marked by a thin veneer of slope deposits, bearing pedogenic carbonates reworked from a missing PS4f palaeosol, formed during the shaping of the erosional surface separating sub-units S41 and S42. The results of this study indicate that: 1) the sedimentary and pedogenic processes recorded in the channelized facies and palaeosols in the floodbasin facies of sub-unit S41, are coherent with a palaeoenvironmental setting dominated by seasonal climate; 2) the facies-palaeosol architecture of S4 synthem corresponds to those described in sequence-stratigraphic models applied to continental successions. The pedo-sedimentary signature of the major sea-level fluctuation recorded in the transition between S4 and S5 synthem differs from these models. In this case a well-developed and drained palaeosol, expected to record the maximum regressive surface shaped during the falling stage of sea level, is missing. This difference is related to a rapid fall and subsequent rise of relative sea level which marked the transition between S4 and S5 synthems.

OBJECTIVES This study compares the uniportal with the 3-portal video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) by examining the data collected in the Italian VATS Group Database. The primary end point was early postoperative pain; secondary end points were intraoperative and postoperative complications, surgical time, number of dissected lymph nodes and length of stay. METHODS This was an observational, retrospective, cohort, multicentre study on data collected by 49 Italian thoracic units. Inclusion criteria were clinical stage I–II non-small-cell lung cancer, uniportal or 3-portal VATS lobectomy and R0 resection. Exclusion criteria were cT3 disease, previous thoracic malignancy, induction therapy, significant comorbidities and conversion to other techniques. The pain parameter was dichotomized: the numeric rating scale ≤3 described mild pain, whereas the numeric rating scale score >3 described moderate/severe pain. The propensity score-adjusted generalized estimating equation was used to compare the uniportal with 3-portal lobectomy. RESULTS Among 4338 patients enrolled from January 2014 to July 2017, 1980 met the inclusion criteria; 1808 patients underwent 3-portal lobectomy and 172 uniportal surgery. The adjusted generalized estimating equation regression model using the propensity score showed that over time pain decreased in both groups (P CONCLUSIONS Data from the Italian VATS Group Database showed that in clinical practice uniportal lobectomy seems to entail a higher risk of moderate/severe pain on second and third postoperative days.

Myocardial infarction with nonobstructed coronary arteries (MINOCA) can be triggered by intense emotions. We report 5 cases of emotional stress–related death where forensic examination attributed myocardial infarction to a coronary spasm, with the ultimate cause of death being arrhythmias in 4 cases and cardiac rupture in the fifth

The Lunigiana basin is a NW trending tectonic depression located in the Northern Apennines of Italy. The basin is bounded by active normal faults, characterized by moderate to strong seismicity, with historical earthquakes reaching up to magnitude 6 (February 14, 1834) and instrumental events with magnitude up to 5.4 (June 21, 2013). Using the classical methodologies of active tectonic studies (i.e. remote sensing and digital topography analysis, field mapping, structural geology, and tectonic geomorphology), the main active faults have been mapped for their geometries, kinematics and evidence of activity. Both fault systems bounding the basin to the northeast and southwest have revealed clear evidence of fault capability, i.e., tectonic displacement of the latest Pleistocene-Holocene sediments and geomorphic markers. Then, the study focused on the southwestern Arzelato-Mulazzo-Tresana fault system (AMT), depicting its Late Quaternary tectono-sedimentary evolution and linkage relationship between important fault segments. The throw measurement of key geomorphic markers on the central fault of the AMT allowed to derive medium- (last 350–250 ka) and short-term (18–13 ka) vertical slip rates: 0.44–0.62 and 0.45–0.68 mm/yr, respectively. Lastly, an exploratory trench for paleoseismological analysis was dug across the fault scarp where geomorphic indicators of active surface faulting were most pronounced, just south of the village of Mulazzo. Its paleoseismological analysis revealed at least two events of surface faulting, with a cumulative throw in excess of 70 cm, occurred in historical times. Radiocarbon dating of the exposed alluvial and slope deposits allowed to bracket the surface rupture events to 14th to 19th century CE and after the 18th century CE. Typically, in the active extensional belt of the Apennines, the observed offsets correspond to earthquakes of magnitude >6.3, also confirmed by the empirical fault-scaling laws. This magnitude is, therefore, higher than that currently inferred for this seismic source (Mw 5.7÷6.0 in the DISS catalog) and is comparable to that experienced in the adjoining Garfagnana basin (Mw 6.5 on September 7, 1920). The findings of this research suggests a need to revise the seismic hazard of the Lunigiana basin, including greater consideration of the surface faulting hazard in the seismic microzonation studies. More generally, our findings provide new insight into the comprehension of a) the still unclear deep geometry (listric or not?) and the hierarchy of bounding faults, and b) provide new elements to decipher the puzzling seismotectonic relationships of Lunigiana with the adjoining basins on both its ends, characterized by quite different structural settings.

OBJECTIVESInherent technical aspects of pulmonary lobectomy by video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) may limit surgeons’ ability to deal with factors predisposing to complications. We analysed complication rates after VATS lobectomy in a prospectively maintained nationwide registry.METHODSThe registry was queried for all consecutive VATS lobectomy procedures from 49 Italian Thoracic Units. Baseline condition, tumour features, surgical techniques, devices, postoperative care, complications, conversions and the reasons thereof were detailed. Univariable and multivariable regressions were used to assess factors potentially linked to complications.RESULTSFour thousand one hundred and ninety-one VATS lobectomies in 4156 patients (2480 men, 1676 women) were analysed. The median age-adjusted Charlson index of the patients was 4 (interquartile range 3–6). Grade 1 and 2 and Grade 3–5 complications were observed in 20.1% and in 5.8%, respectively. Ninety-day mortality was 0.55%. The overall conversion rate was 9.2% and significantly higher in low-volume centres (CONCLUSIONSVATS lobectomy is a safe procedure even in medically compromised patients. An improved classification system for conversions is proposed and prevention strategies are suggested to reduce conversion rates and possibly complications in less-experienced centres.