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To develop a peri-implantitis model in a Gottingen minipig and evaluate the effect of local application of salicylic acid poly(anhydride-ester) (SAPAE) on peri-implantitis progression in healthy, metabolic syndrome (MS), and type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) subjects. Eighteen animals were allocated to three groups: (i) control, (ii) MS (diet for obesity induction), and (iii) T2DM (diet plus streptozotocin for T2DM induction). Maxillary and mandible premolars and first molar were extracted. After 3 months of healing, four implants per side were placed in both jaws of each animal. After 2 months, peri-implantitis was induced by plaque formation using silk ligatures. SAPAE polymer was mixed with mineral oil (3.75 mg/μL) and topically applied biweekly for up to 60 days to halt peri-implantitis progression. Periodontal probing was used to assess pocket depth over time, followed by histomorphologic analysis of harvested samples. The adopted protocol resulted in the onset of peri-implantitis, with healthy minipigs taking twice as long to reach the same level of probing depth relative to MS and T2DM subjects (∼3.0 mm), irrespective of jaw. In a qualitative analysis, SAPAE therapy revealed decreased levels of inflammation in the normoglycemic, MS, and T2DM groups. SAPAE application around implants significantly reduced the progression of peri-implantitis after ∼15 days of therapy, with ∼30% lower probing depth for all systemic conditions and similar rates of probing depth increase per week between the control and SAPAE groups. MS and T2DM conditions presented a faster progression of the peri-implant pocket depth. SAPAE treatment reduced peri-implantitis progression in healthy, MS, and T2DM groups.

Abstract Background Postoperative endophthalmitis (PSE) is a severe ocular complication that can lead to irreversible vision loss or even globe atrophy. The Endophthalmitis Vitrectomy Study (EVS) historically guided PSE management but is increasingly questioned due to advances in pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) techniques and its narrow focus on cataract surgery. This study aimed to compare PPV followed by intravitreal antibiotic injection at the end of surgery (PPV + IVAIES) with intravitreal antibiotic injection alone (IVAI) in managing PSE. Methods This randomized clinical trial included 35 pseudophakic patients with PSE following cataract extraction, anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) injections, or glaucoma surgeries. Participants were randomized to receive either PPV + IVAIES (n = 12) or IVAI (n = 23). Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was assessed at baseline and days 7, 30, 60, and 90 post-intervention. Clinical worsening, defined as lack of improvement or progression of symptoms within 48–72 h, guided retreatment protocols. Group A (PPV + IVAIES) received repeat IVAI if required, while Group B (IVAI) underwent delayed PPV with repeat IVAI. Statistical significance was assessed using repeated measures ANOVA and logistic regression. Results Both groups showed significant BCVA improvement (p

Abstract Evidence suggests that (almost) everyone dreams during their sleep and may actually do so for a large part of the night. Yet, dream recall shows large interindividual variability. Understanding the factors that influence dream recall is crucial for advancing our knowledge regarding dreams’ origin, significance, and functions. Here, we tackled this issue by prospectively collecting dream reports along with demographic information and psychometric, cognitive, actigraphic, and electroencephalographic measures in 217 healthy adults (18–70 y, 116 female participants, 101 male participants). We found that attitude towards dreaming, proneness to mind wandering, and sleep patterns are associated with the probability of reporting a dream upon morning awakening. The likelihood of recalling dream content was predicted by age and vulnerability to interference. Moreover, dream recall appeared to be influenced by night-by-night changes in sleep patterns and showed seasonal fluctuations. Our results provide an account for previous observations regarding inter- and intra-individual variability in morning dream recall.

Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the association between substituting 10, 30, and 60 min/day of physical activity and sitting time with obesity indicators among workers. It is a cross-sectional study involving 394 adults (76.6% women) from São Paulo, Brazil. Physical activity and sitting time (min/day) were measured using the short version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) to determine physical activity levels. Obesity indicators included body mass index (BMI; kg/m²), waist circumference (cm), and body fat (kg). Isotemporal substitution models were analyzed using multivariate linear regression, adjusted for sociodemographic variables. Participants reported median values of 150.0 min/day (IQR: 60.0–360.0) for walking and 445.7 min/day (IQR: 317.1–565.7) for sitting time. The median values for BMI, waist circumference, and body fat were 27.1 kg/m², 91.0 cm, and 23.5 kg, respectively. Substituting 10 min/day of sitting time for 10 min/day of walking was associated with waist circumference (β: -0.216: 95% CI: -0.041; -0.007). In addition, substituting 60 min/day of sitting time for moderate physical activity (β -0.206; 95% CI: -0.123; -0.008) was negatively associated with body fat. The equivalent substitution of different periods of sitting time for more active behaviors was favorably associated with obesity indicators. These findings suggest that lifestyle interventions based on replacing sitting time with physical activity can reduce the obesity epidemic in adults.

A new species of Osedax is described here using molecular and morphological data. It was found at the depth of 550 m off the Brazilian coast through experimental deployment of cow bones. Osedax nataliae sp. nov. is the second Osedax species from the Southwest Atlantic Ocean and had been previously reported as Osedax ‘BioSuOr-4’. Phylogenetic analysis of five concatenated genetic makers (28S rDNA, Histone H3, 18S rDNA, 16S rDNA, and cytochrome c oxidase I) placed Osedax nataliae sp. nov. within a well-supported Osedax Clade V, nested within a clade of Pacific Ocean Osedax though with poor support. The minimum interspecific COI distance between O. nataliae sp. nov. and another known Osedax was 13.92% (closest to O. ‘sagami-3’). The maximum intraspecific COI diversity (uncorrected) within O. nataliae sp. nov. sampled here was 2.44% and population structure was visualized via haplotype network analysis. Morphologically, O. nataliae sp. nov. is characterized by its reddish orange crown of palps and a ventral yellowish collar on the anterior trunk where it meets the base of the crown. Osedax nataliae sp. nov. shares features with other Clade V species, notably pinnules inserted on the outer margin of palps. Additionally, the presence of dwarf males within the tube lumen of females was documented. Further sampling and research in the Southern Hemisphere are needed to understand the diversity and biogeography of Osedax across the world’s oceans.

Understanding seismic risk at both the national and sub-national level is essential for devising effective strategies and interventions aimed at its mitigation. The Earthquake Risk Model of Switzerland (ERM-CH23), released in early 2023, is the culmination of a multidisciplinary effort aiming to achieve for the first time a comprehensive assessment of the potential consequences of earthquakes on the Swiss building stock and population. Having been developed as a national model, ERM-CH23 relies on very high-resolution site-amplification and building exposure datasets, which distinguishes it from most regional models to date. Several loss types are evaluated, ranging from structural–nonstructural and content economic losses to human losses, such as deaths, injuries, and displaced population. In this paper, we offer a snapshot of ERM-CH23, summarize key details on the development of its components, highlight important results, and provide comparisons with other models.

Background Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are the gold standard therapy in patients with deficient mismatch repair (dMMR)/microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). A significant proportion of patients show resistance, making the identification of determinants of response crucial. Growing evidence supports the role of sex in determining susceptibility to anticancer therapies, but data is lacking for patients with MSI-H CRC.Methods In this real-world cohort comprising 624 patients with MSI-H mCRC receiving ICIs, we investigated the impact of sex on patients’ outcomes, overall and according to RAS-BRAF mutational status or type of treatment (anti-PD-(L)1 with or without anti-CTLA-4 agents). We then investigated these associations also in two independent cohorts of patients with early-stage or advanced MSI-H CRC unexposed to ICIs. Finally, we explored two public microarray and RNA-seq datasets from patients with non-metastatic or metastatic MSI-H CRC to gain translational insights on the association between sex, BRAF status and immune contextures/ICI efficacy.Results Although no differences were observed between females and males either overall or in the BRAF wild-type cohort, male sex was associated with inferior progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in the BRAF mutated cohort (in multivariable models, HR for PFS: 1.79, 95% CI: 1.13 to 2.83, p=0.014, and for OS: 2.33, 95% CI: 1.36 to 3.98, p=0.002). Males receiving anti-PD-(L)1 monotherapy had the worst outcomes, with a 3-year PFS and 3-year OS of 23.9% and 41.8%, respectively, while the addition of anti-CTLA-4 agents rescued such a worse outcome. We also observed that females experienced a higher frequency of any-grade immune-related adverse events. Conversely, sex was not prognostic in the independent cohorts of patients with MSI-H CRCs not treated with ICIs. Exploratory transcriptomic analyses suggest that tumors of males with BRAF mutated MSI-H metastatic CRC are characterized by an enrichment of androgen receptor signature and an immune-depleted microenvironment, with a reduction in memory B cells, activated natural killer cells, and activated myeloid dendritic cells.Conclusions Overall, our findings suggest a complex interplay between sex and BRAF mutational status that may modulate the activity of ICIs in patients with MSI-H mCRC and pave the way to novel tailored strategies.

Introdução: No Brasil, o manejo do câncer nos diferentes níveis de atenção aponta para que os estabelecimentos de saúde habilitados como Centros de Alta Complexidade em Oncologia (Cacon) ou Unidades de Alta Complexidade em Oncologia (Unacon) possam fazer o acolhimento e o tratamento. Objetivo: Identificar a organização dos serviços de saúde que ofereceram atendimento para o tratamento de câncer em crianças, adolescentes e adultos jovens pertencentes ao Departamento Regional de Saúde de Campinas-SP (DRS 7), nos últimos 21 anos (2000 a 2020), e descrever os aspectos clínicos e epidemiológicos da população atendida. Método: Estudo transversal retrospectivo, de natureza exploratória e descritiva. Para a análise documental, foram consultados o Plano Estadual de Saúde do Estado de São Paulo 2020-2023 (PES-SP), e demais documentos norteadores das Redes Regionais de Atenção à Saúde no Estado de São Paulo. O tabulador é de domínio público fornecido pelo Sistema de Registro Hospitalar de Câncer (SisRHC). Resultados: Foram identificados seis hospitais habilitados em atendimento especializado para o câncer. Identificaram-se 6.503 Registros Hospitalares de Câncer de crianças, adolescentes e adultos jovens, dos quais 54,67% eram do sexo masculino. A leucemia linfoblástica de células precursoras e a leucemia mieloide aguda apresentaram maior incidência. Conclusão: A Política Nacional de Atenção Oncológica, ao adotar uma distribuição regional estratégica, posiciona São Paulo como referência no tratamento do câncer. O DRS 7 Campinas se destaca pela oferta de atendimento a pacientes de todo o país, com registros de câncer que seguem padrões semelhantes aos de outras Regiões do Brasil.

O estudo teve como objetivo realizar uma análise bibliométrica dos trabalhos de pesquisa produzidos na área de marketing na cidade de Vitória da Conquista. Sob uma perspectiva decolonizadora, verificou-se como a produção científica realizada por instituições de ensino superior foi definida na última década, criando-se um perfil histórico de tipologias de pesquisa, procedimentos metodológicos, lócus de pesquisa, temáticas de marketing e tendências de produção. Ao fim, uma discussão sobre os resultados demostrou que a área de marketing na região necessita de uma abordagem mais robusta em diversas perspectivas, com vias a se buscar um viés decolonizador na produção teórica e, por consequencia, na prática profissional de marketing no sudoeste baiano.

ABSTRACT Objective: The risk of cardiovascular disease is about four times higher in patients with hypertension and diabetes mellitus, and its early detection is important to reduce mortality. The aim of this study was to estimate the co-occurrence of hypertension and diabetes mellitus, and the use of medications for the concomitant treatment of both diseases, in the population ≥50 years of age, according to health insurance/medical plan ownership, according to sociodemographic characteristics, and comparing the years 2011 and 2021. Methods: Using data from the Vigitel survey, crude and adjusted prevalence and prevalence ratios with 95% confidence intervals were estimated using Poisson regression with robust variance. Results: The prevalence of concurrent diagnosis of these conditions was 11.3% (95%CI 10.5–12.2) and 14.3% (95%CI 13.2–15.4) in 2011 and 2021, respectively. There was an increase of 32% among users with health insurance (11.1% in 2011 vs. 13.8% in 2021) and 46% among SUS users (11.4% in 2011 vs. 14.7% in 2021). In this period, there was an increase in concomitant drug use for the whole population, from 81.4% (95%CI 78.2–84.2) to 89.8% (95%CI 87.0–92.0). This increase can be attributed to the use of diabetes medications in both strata. Conclusion: This study showed that the simultaneous prevalence of hypertension and diabetes and the use of medication for these diseases were similar between SUS users and health insurance users, overcoming possible inequalities between the groups in the diagnosis and treatment of these conditions.

RESUMO Considera a análise crítica dos discursos evocados pelo patrimônio bibliográfico, por parte do profissional da informação bibliotecário, subsídio para a mediação e a apropriação da informação condizentes com o diálogo entre os atores sociais implicados. Aborda a literatura utilizada na compreensão do conceito de patrimônio e da teoria da Análise de Discurso (AD). Apresenta o exercício de AD sobre “Breve noticia sobre tres esqueletos de indigenas brasilienses da Província de Santa Catharina (Brasil)”, de 1867, parte do patrimônio bibliográfico catarinense constante na Biblioteca Universitária da Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina. Tem o objetivo de ilustrar o estudo dos significados dos discursos presentes nas obras raras, pelo bibliotecário curador, posto que esse também produz sentidos como mediador da informação. Conclui que identificar a ideologia veiculada na comunicação científica nacional do século XIX pode ser útil na verificação de discursos que subsistem, o que possibilita a mediação especializada, capaz de favorecer a apropriação da informação e contribuir para a conscientização para injustiças sociais que precisam ser reparadas.

Abstract This study evaluated the survival probabilities of two lithia-based glass-ceramics after final crystallization in a microwave furnace using conventional crystallization as a reference. Disc-shaped samples of a lithium silicate (LS, Celtra Duo) and a lithium disilicate (LD, e.max CAD) were prepared and divided into two groups according to the crystallization method (n = 30): microwave (M) or conventional furnaces (C). The biaxial flexural strength test was used to determine the fatigue test profile and its parameters. Then, specimens were submitted to an accelerated life test (step stress) using three profile levels – mild, moderate, and aggressive – varying the load increments and the number of cycles until fracture (4 Hz). Survival data were used to calculate Weibull’s beta (β) value and reliability of the assigned missions. Scanning electron microscopy was employed to analyze surface morphology, fracture characteristics, and failure patterns. Beta (β) values for the LS-C, LS-M, LD-C, and LD-M groups were 2.65, 0.25, 0.62, and 0.3, respectively. Similar reliability was observed in all groups after 50,000 cycles at 100 and 150 Mpa. At 200 Mpa, the crystallization method did not affect the reliability within LS or LD. However, LD showed greater reliability than LS when crystallized by microwave energy. Thus, microwave energy can be suggested as an alternative to the process of conventional lithia-based glass-ceramics crystallization without damaging their survival probabilities.

IntroductionBrain aging involves a complex interplay of cellular and molecular changes, including metabolic alterations and the accumulation of senescent cells. These changes frequently manifest as dysregulation in glucose metabolism and mitochondrial function, leading to reduced energy production, increased oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction—key contributors to age-related neurodegenerative diseases.MethodsWe conducted experiments on two models: young (3–4 months) and aged (over 18 months) mice, as well as cultures of senescent and control mouse astrocytes. Mitochondrial content and biogenesis were analyzed in astrocytes and neurons from aged and young animals. Cultured senescent astrocytes were examined for mitochondrial membrane potential and fragmentation. Quantitative PCR (qPCR) and immunocytochemistry were used to measure fusion- and fission-related protein levels. Additionally, transmission electron microscopy provided morphological data on mitochondria.ResultsAstrocytes and neurons from aged animals showed a significant reduction in mitochondrial content and a decrease in mitochondrial biogenesis. Senescent astrocytes in culture exhibited lower mitochondrial membrane potential and increased mitochondrial fragmentation. qPCR and immunocytochemistry analyses revealed a 68% increase in fusion-related proteins (mitofusin 1 and 2) and a 10-fold rise in DRP1, a key regulator of mitochondrial fission. Transmission electron microscopy showed reduced perimeter, area, and length-to-diameter ratio of mitochondria in astrocytes from aged mice, supported by elevated DRP1 phosphorylation in astrocytes of the cerebral cortex.DiscussionOur findings provide novel evidence of increased mitochondrial fragmentation in astrocytes from aged animals. This study sheds light on mechanisms of astrocytic metabolic dysfunction and mitochondrial dysregulation in brain aging, highlighting mitochondrial fragmentation as a potential target for therapeutic interventions in age-related neurodegenerative diseases.

Clostridium thermocellum is a thermophilic anaerobic bacterium that could be used for cellulosic biofuel production due to its strong native ability to consume cellulose, however its ethanol production ability needs to be improved to enable commercial application. In our previous strain engineering work, we observed a spontaneous mutation in the native adhE gene that reduced ethanol production. Here we attempted to complement this mutation by heterologous expression of 18 different alcohol dehydrogenase (adh) genes. We were able to express all of them successfully in C. thermocellum. Surprisingly, however, none of them increased ethanol production, and several actually decreased it. Our findings contribute to understanding the correlation between C. thermocellum ethanol production and Adh enzyme cofactor preferences. The identification of a set of adh genes that can be successfully expressed in this organism provides a foundation for future investigations into how the properties of Adh enzymes affect ethanol production.

Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) is nowadays considered a robust source to search for druggable tumoral genetic alterations, and in some specific settings liquid biopsy (LB) is already part of the diagnostics scenario and it has successfully implemented in the everyday practice. Three strengths make LB an extraordinary tool: i) to represent the complex molecular mosaicism that characterizes spatially heterogeneous malignancies; ii) to monitor in real-time the tumoral molecular landscape (i.e. to depict the longitudinal/temporal tumor evolution); iii) to ensure molecular profiling even in those cases in which tissue sampling is not feasible or not adequate. This review provides a snapshot of the current state of the art concerning ctDNA assay utility in gastric cancer (GC), testing its robustness as marker and seeking to understand the reasons for the delay in its application in clinical practice.