Search

Background. The Community Attitudes to Mental Illness (CAMI) scale measures social stigma towards people with mental illness. Although it has been used worldwide, the psychometric properties of the CAMI have not been systematically reviewed. The main aim of the present work was to systematically review the psychometric properties (dimensionality, reliability, and construct validity) of the different versions of the CAMI 40 years after of its publication. Methods. A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, PsycINFO, Web of Science, and EMBASE from January 1981 to June 2021. A double review was performed for eligibility, data extraction, and quality assessment. Results. A total of 13 studies enrolling 10,095 participants were included. The most frequently reported factor structure comprises 3 or 4 factors. The internal consistency seems adequate for the global scale (a ≥ 0.80), except for CAMI-10 (a = 0.69). Overall, internal consistency of the sub-scales is not supported, with authoritarianism being the weakest factor (a = 0.27 to 0.68). The stability over time of the total scale has been assessed in the CAMI-BR and CAMI-10 (r > 0.65). Few studies have assessed the temporal stability of the CAMI subscales. Most of the correlations with potentially related measures are significant and in the expected direction. Conclusions. The 3-4 factor structure is the most widely reported in the different versions of the CAMI. Although the reliability and construct validity are acceptable, further item refinement by international consensus seems warranted 40 years after the original publication. PROSPERO registration number: CRD42018098956

Treballs Finals de Grau de Física, Facultat de Física, Universitat de Barcelona, Curs: 2021, Tutor: Eduard Vives Santa-Eulalia, Facultat de Física, Universitat de Barcelona, Diagonal 645, 08028 Barcelona, Spain. We report an experimental study of the problem of the stick-slip dynamics associated to adhesive tape peeling. We will vary the peeling velocity by pulling the tape from the original roll using a commercial rotating tool and detecting the instability with a thermographic infrared camera. The aim is to detect the limits of the instability regions and compare with the values of Dalbe et al. [1]. The results match relatively well with previous experiments. Several modifications will be proposed to improve the experimental setup

Introducció L’envelliment de la població s’associa a una major prevalença de malalties cròniques que s’acompanya d’un increment proporcional en el consum de medicaments i a un augment en la polimedicació. Per altre banda, l’increment en la despesa sanitària i concretament en la despesa farmacèutica ha contribuït a posar en perill la sostenibilitat del sistema sanitari. Objectiu Avaluar l’eficàcia, la seguretat i l’impacte econòmic de la intervenció d’un farmacèutic especialista integrat en els equips d’atenció primària orientada a millorar l’adequació del tractament farmacològic prescrit a les persones ancianes polimedicades que viuen a la comunitat. Metodologia S’ha realitzat un assaig clínic aleatoritzat, obert, multicèntric i amb dues branques d’intervenció paral·leles. La població d’estudi inclou ancians de la comunitat no institucionalitzats, de 70 anys o més, que reben 8 o més medicaments, i residents a Mataró o Argentona. La intervenció d’estudi va consistir en la revisió de la medicació dels pacients per part d’un farmacèutic segons criteris àmpliament acceptats. Posteriorment es van presentar les recomanacions al metge responsable de cada pacient i finalment es van acordar els canvis a realitzar. El grup control va seguir la pràctica clínica habitual. Les principals mesures del resultat van ser la proporció de medicaments i de pacients amb canvis realitzats, així com les recomanacions. També s’han registrat el nombre consultes als dispositius assistencials i la mortalitat. Es va considerar un període de seguiment de 12. Conjuntament amb l'assaig clínic s’ha realitzat una anàlisi de cost i s’han valorat els costos entre les dues branques, segons la perspectiva del Servei Català de Salut. S’ha considerat un horitzó temporal d’un any després de la intervenció. Resultats Un total de 503 pacients (252 grup intervenció i 251 grup control) van ser reclutats. Es van avaluar 2.709 medicaments. En el 95,6% dels ancians polimedicats de la comunitat s’ha identificat almenys una medicació potencialment inadequada. Un 26,5% dels medicaments és van considerar potencialment inadequats amb una mitjana de 2,62 recomanacions per pacient. El 80,9% de les recomanacions efectuades pel farmacèutic van ser acceptades pel metge de família i el pacient, de manera que el 21,5% dels medicaments van ser canviats (el 9,2% de les prescripcions es van discontinuar, el 6,9% es va ajustar la dosi, el 3,1% es va substituir i es van iniciar un 2,2% de nous medicaments), amb una mitjana de 2,02 canvis per pacient. Els inhibidors de la bomba de protons i antiàcids (54,1%), les benzodiazepines (33,0%) i els analgèsics (31,2%) van ser els grups de fàrmacs més relacionats amb inadequació. El nombre de medicaments discontinuats, amb ajust de dosi i substituïts va ser superior en el grup intervenció respecte del grup control tant als 3, com als 6 i 12 mesos (p, Introduction Population ageing is associated with a higher prevalence of chronic diseases accompanied by a proportional increase in the consumption of drugs and an increase in polypharmacy. On the other hand, the increase in health expenditure and particularly in pharmaceutical spending has contributed to endangering the sustainability of the health system. Objective To assess the efficacy, safety and economic impact of a pharmacist intervention integrated into primary care teams aimed to improve the drug appropriateness in community-dwelling polymedicated elderly people. Methodology We conducted a randomized, open-label, multicentre, parallel-arm clinical trial. The study population includes non-institutionalized elderly people living in the community, aged 70 years or more, receiving eight or more drugs, and residents in Mataró or Argentona. The study intervention consisted in an evaluation of all drugs prescribed to each patient according to widely accepted criteria conducted by a pharmacist. Recommendations were discussed with patient’s physician in order to come up with a final set of recommendations. Control group continued usual clinical practice. Main outcome measures were the percentage of patients with recommendations and changes as well as number of drugs recommended and changed. Number of healthcare resources and mortality was also registered. 12 months’ follow-up were considered. A cost analysis was performed within clinical trial. Costs were evaluated between the two branches, according to Catalan Health Service perspective. A time horizon of one year was considered. Results A total of 503 patients (252 intervention group and 251 control group) were recruited. 2709 drugs were evaluated. At least one potentially inappropriate medication have been identified in 95.6% of community-dwelling polymedicated elderly people. About 26.5% of prescriptions were rated as potentially inappropriate medication, with an average of 2.62 recommendations per patient. About 80.9% of the recommendations made by the pharmacist were accepted by the physician. This represents a 21.5% of drugs changed (9.2% discontinuation, 6.9% dose adjustment, 3.2% substitution and 2.2% new prescription), with an average of 2.02 changes per patient. Proton-pump inhibitor and antacid (54.1%), benzodiazepines (33.0%) and NSAID's and opiates (31.2%) were the groups more related to inadequacy. Total number of drugs discontinued, with dose adjustment or replaced were higher in the intervention group compared to the control group at 3, 6 and 12 months (p

Treballs Finals de Grau de Matemàtiques, Facultat de Matemàtiques, Universitat de Barcelona, Any: 2017, Director: F. Javier Soria de Diego, The theory of differentiation of integrals comes from the widely known theorem of Lebesgue. One could think that taking on this theorem euclidean balls instead of other type of sets might well be irrelevant. But it’s not true. It became a difficult problem to find out whether the replacement of euclidean balls by other type of sets in the Lebesgue theorem would lead to a true statement or not. The aime of this work is to present the theory of differentiation of integrals as an interaction between covering properties of families of sets in R n , estimations for an adequate extension of the maximal operator of Hardy and Littlewood and differentiation properties. First chapter is devoted to the main covering theorems that are used in the subject. The second one introduces the notions of a differentiation basis and the maximal operator associated to it. Third chapter hows how closely related are the properties of the maximal operator and the differentiation properties of a basis. Finally, in the fourth chapter we solve some classical problems: the Perron tree, the Kakeya problem and the Nikodym set.

Mental disorders are highly prevalent in the general population, and people who experience them are frequently stigmatized. Stigma has a very negative impact on social, academic/professional, and personal life. Considering the high rates of mental disorders among children and adolescents (13.4%) and how critical this age is in the formation of nuclear beliefs, many campaigns to combat stigma have been developed in the last decade, with mixed results. The OBERTAMENT initiative has produced various anti-stigma campaigns in Catalonia (Spain). In the present study, the main objective was to report on the effectiveness of the OBERTAMENT What's up! intervention, a curricular intervention including education and social contact conducted by the teachers in the classroom with teenagers aged between 14 and 18. Prior to this, we examined the psychometric properties of the Youth Program Questionnaire (YPQ), our main outcome measure, in terms of dimensionality, reliability, and validity. A cluster non-randomized controlled trial was conducted to assess this intervention, which was tested in nine high schools situated in the Barcelona region. A convenience sample of 261 students formed the intervention group and 132 the control group (52% women, mean age = 14, SD = 0.47). The assignment to study conditions was conducted by Departament d'Ensenyament (Department of Education), Generalitat de Catalunya (Catalan Government). Participants were evaluated at baseline, post-intervention, and 9-month follow-up. The main outcome measure of this study was the YPQ. The Reported and Intended Behavior Scale (RIBS) was used as secondary outcome measure. The statistical analysis indicated that the YPQ possesses a two-factor structure (stereotypical attitudes and intended behavior) and sound psychometric properties. The multilevel mixed-effects models revealed statistically significant interactions for both study measures and post hoc intragroup analyses revealed a significant but small improvement in the YPQ and RIBS scores in the intervention group. Overall, our results indicate that What's up! produced statistically significant, albeit small improvements in stereotypical attributions and intended behavior toward people with mental disorders. Some methodological limitations and the relatively low levels of stigma observed in our sample may undermine our results. The implications of our results are discussed in relation to stigma research.

To determine the effectiveness of a pharmaceutical intervention with the patient upon hospital discharge, to improve understanding of pharmaceutical treatment and, as a consequence, improve adherence to prescribed regimens at home. To observe whether this intervention has an impact on the number of hospital admissions.Experimental, controlled, randomised study with two parallel groups. One-hundred polymedicated internal medicine patients were included. Routine clinical practice was performed on the control group. For the intervention group, whether patient or carer (in the case of dependent patients), a pharmacist explained the drugs prescribed giving the patient a personalised medication timetable. Furthermore, the pharmacist explained why each drug had been prescribed, how to take it and why it was important to take the medication correctly. After seven days, all patients or carers were asked to complete a questionnaire about their treatment by telephone. The responses obtained were compared with the prescription upon discharge and discrepancies were recorded. We consulted the hospital's computer records to check for admissions thirty and sixty days following discharge.A week following hospital discharge, 70.7% of the intervention group were taking all of their medication in accordance with the prescribed regimen, whereas 19.5% of the control group was (P.001). Three (7.3%) patients from the intervention group and 10 patients (24.4%) from the control group were readmitted a month following hospital discharge (P.05). After two months, 3 (7.2%) patients from the intervention group and 13 (31.7%) from the control group had been readmitted (P.01).The pharmacist's intervention upon discharge has helped increase the percentage of patients that understood and took their medication correctly in accordance with their prescription. The number of hospital readmissions in the intervention group has also reduced.

Els arbres monumentals formen part del patrimoni natural, cultural i històric d’un país i com a tals són mereixedors de protecció. La Generalitat de Catalunya, sensible a aquest fet, ha regulat diferents figures de protecció per arbres que destaquen per algun motiu. Es tracta dels arbres monumentals, arbres d’interès comarcal i arbres d’interès local. Dels 194 arbres identificats i catalogats com a monumentals a Catalunya només 3 es troben a la comarca del Pallars Sobirà, en front dels, per exemple, 29 arbres catalogats a Osona. No hi ha cap arbre inventariat a la Vall d’Àneu, malgrat que és aquí on es troben la majoria de boscos vells amb exemplars de coníferes de grans dimensions. Cal destacar també que al Parc Natural de l’Alt Pirineu no hi trobem cap arbre catalogat com d’interès comarcal o d’interès local. Per aquest motiu s’ha cregut convenient aprofundir en l’estudi dels arbres monumentals, inventariant-ne els exemplars més destacats de la Vall d’Àneu i proposant-ne una categoria de protecció segons les seves característiques.

Forma part del projecte: Biblioteca Digital d'Història de l'Art Hispànic (UAB) Tractat teòric corresponent a les lliçons impartides per Francisco de Paula del Villar Lozano (1828-1901), a la 'Escuela Especial de maestros de obras' durant el curs 1868-69 i sobre les habitacions rurals i indústrials Tratado teórico correspondiente a las lecciones impartidas por Francisco de Paula del Villar Lozano (1828-1901), en la 'Escuela Especial de maestros de obras' durante el curso 1868-69 y sobre las habitaciones rurales e industriales Theoretical treatise corresponding to the lessons taught by Francisco de Paula del Villar Lozano (1828-1901) in the School of Masters Builders during the course 1868-69 on rural and industrial rooms