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The primarily benthic, shallow-water, reef-associated Indian frogfish, Antennarius indicus Schultz 1964, belongs to the family Antennariidae (order Lophiiformes) and may be found in nearly all of the world's tropical and subtropical oceans and seas. Comprehensive morphological parameters of the Indian frogfish found in the Hooghly and Matlah estuary systems of India are provided by the current study. A single specimen with a length 97.87 mm and weight 33.48 g was collected from the winter migratory bagnet catch at Fraserganj fish landing site. Till now, there are no records of the occurrence of frogfishes in the Hooghly-Matlah estuarine system. The morphological features such as dorsal-fin spines - 3, dorsal-fin rays - 12, anal fin rays - 7, pectoral-fin rays - 10, and pelvic fin rays - 5, confirmed the first record of Indian frogfish A. indicus from the Hooghly-Matlah estuarine system. The estuary's current condition was revealed by the examination of the water quality at the collection site. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A total of ten different marine/brackish water fish species was recorded at Tribeni, a completely freshwater region located 212 km upstream from the sea in Hooghly estuary just after tidal bore, a natural high wave and high flow regime created during the spring tide around full moon/new moon days. A range of 85 - 179 km upstream shift of recorded marine fish species from their normal distribution range may be attributed to high turbulence, flow, and wave associated with bore tide as there is no sign of saltwater ingress in the Tribeni area as revealed through the analysis of associated environmental parameters. In addition to salinity, such extreme climatic events like tidal bore should also be considered to explain the fish species distribution in a tidal estuary. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In 28 healthy adults, we compared the dynamic interaction between respiration and cerebral autoregulation in 2 groups of subjects: those who did and did not develop presyncopal symptoms during 70[degrees] passive head-up tilt (HUT), i.e., nonpresyncopal (23 subjects) and presyncopal (5 subjects). Airflow, C[O.sub.2], cerebral blood flow velocity (CBF), ECG, and blood pressure (BP) were recorded. To determine whether influences of mean BP (MBP) and systolic SP (SBP) on CBF were altered in presyncopal subjects, coherencies and transfer functions between these variables and mean and peak CBF (CB[F.sub.m] and CB[F.sub.p]) were estimated. To determine the influence of end-tidal C[O.sub.2] (ETC[O.sub.2]) on CBF, the relative C[O.sub.2] reactivity (%change in CB[F.sub.m] per mmHg change in ETC[O.sub.2]) was calculated. We found that in presyncopal subjects before symptoms during HUT, coherence between SBP and CB[F.sub.p] was higher (P = 0.02) and gains of transfer functions between BP (MBP and SBP) and CB[F.sub.m] were larger (MBP, P = 0.01; SBP, P = 0.01) in the respiratory frequency region. In the last 3 min before presyncope, presyncopals bad a reduced relative C[O.sub.2] reactivity (P = 0.005), likely a consequence of the larger decrease in ETC[O.sub.2]. We hypothesize that the C[O.sub.2]-mediated increase in resistance attenuates autoregulation such that the relationship between systemic and cerebral hemodynamics is enhanced. Our results suggest that an altered cardiorespiratory interaction involving cerebral hemodynamics may contribute in the cascade of events during tilt that culminate in unexplained syncope. cerebral autoregulation; respiratory frequency region

The present study explains the population structure and genetic diversity of medium carp Labeo gonius by analyzing partial sequence of mitochondrial DNA cytochrome b gene. Labeo gonius is a lower risk Near Threatened species, distributed throughout the North Indian major rivers, reservoirs and lakes. This species has a larger scope as an alternative candidate species in carp aquaculture system. In the present investigation, 223 individuals of Labeo gonius were collected from five locations of phylo-geographically isolated riverine ecosystems of India resulted in 12 haplotypes. These haplotypes showed 14 variables, out of which 9 were singletons and 5 were parsimony informative sites of nucleotide positions. The haplotypes H1 was considered as ancestral haplotype. All the haplotypes were connected to each other by 1-4 nucleotide mutations. The Narmada haplotypes (H10; H11 and H12) were isolated from H1 by four nucleotide mutations. The analyses resulted maximum expansion events (τ = 4.13672) in Narmada, with Fst scores more than other population pairs. The analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) showed significant genetic differentiation among populations (ØST = 0.69470, p < .000). The genetic differentiation patterns were significantly consistence with geographical distributions. This study rejected the null hypothesis of single panmictic population of medium carp, Labeo gonius in Indian water. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mudskippers form a lucrative fishery for the artisanal fishers in the middle and lower stretches of the Narmada estuarine region and offers sustainable livelihood to the fishermen community throughout the year. Mudskipper comes under the subfamily Oxudercinae of the family Gobiidae found in the tropical, subtropical and temperate regions with high nutritive value. Mudskippers are amphibious fish adapted to live in the intertidal environment and used to be very active when they are outside the water. The mudskippers usually inhabit the mudflats of estuaries and tidal zones of rivers in India, China and the Mekong Delta of Vietnam and are distributed from East to West Africa, South Pacific islands and Northern Australia. The Narmada estuary of Gujarat is one of the most productive estuaries in the west coast of India. This paper attempts to document the traditional fishing devices used to catch mudskipper in the Narmada estuary of Gujarat, and their fishery status. Mudskipper fishery is an important fishery resource for the livelihood of the rural fishers of Narmada estuarine region and contributed 17.68% of the total estuarine fish production during 2014-15. Three species were encountered in the Narmada estuary, namely, Boleophthalmus dussumieri, Periophthalmodon schloseri and Pseudapocryptes elongatus during the study period (2014-2015). The fish is mainly caught by the traditional fishing devices developed by the local fishers like fanda, sorpan, golava, kandari and chogia. Out of several fishing devices, fanda (stick-traps) was found to be the most common and economical fishing device. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The macro-benthic crustacean diversity in the estuarine zones of Sundarban, West Bengal, India was studied for a period of six months (November, 2014 to April, 2015) in 21 sampling stations covering eastern, central and western zones of Sundarban. A total 20 species of crustaceans belonging to 3 orders, 9 families and 13 genera were recorded. The family Sesarmidae was dominated in number of taxa. The species recorded were Uca acuta, Uca rosea, Uca lactea, Uca triangularis, Uca dussumieri, Thalassina anomala, Dotilla intermedia, Dotilla blanfordi, Dotillopsis brevitarsis, Sesarma chiromantes, Sesarmops impressum, Perisesarma bidens, Episesarma mederi, Sesarmoides longipes, Parasesarma plicatum, Metaplax intermedia, Clibanarius padavensis, Scylla serrata, Balanus sp. and Squilla sp. Out of 20 species Balanus sp. was most abundant species followed by Uca acuta, Thalassina anomala and Uca rosea and the least abundant species were Dotilla intermedia, Sesarma chiromantes and Squilla sp. Species like Uca acuta, Dotilla intermedia, Sesarma chiromantes, Sesarmops impressum and Squilla sp. were found only in eastern zone. Major habitat of the species recorded was muddy substratum of littoral zone (42%). Other habitats include sandy substratum of littoral zone (5%), both muddy and sandy substrata of littoral zone (32%), hard substratum and populated by mangrove palm (5%), dead trees and stumps (5%) and mud flat (11%). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A wide variety of traditional fishing gears are employed throughout the Narmada estuarine region owing to its rich fish biodiversity, but with certain limitations. Documentation of such devices is a need for scientific improvement, and for better socio-economic upliftment of the fishers involved. A total of 12 numbers of traditional fishing techniques was encountered during the study period (2014-15). Catch per unit effort from all of the fishing devices are reportedly declining over the years due to over fishing, habitat destruction, pollution etc. Reduction in fish catching efficiency, income generation through fishing activities gradually decreasing resulting in reduction of active fishermen population. The present paper is an attempt to document all kinds of fishing gears that evolved through indigenous technical knowledge (ITK) used in the Narmada estuary. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]