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The goal of the current study was to identify possible groundwater occurrence zones by combining the applications such as remote sensing, geographic information system and analytic hierarchy process techniques. In accordance with their impact on groundwater potential, various prepared thematic layers including lithology, geomorphology, rainfall, lineament density, land use and land cover, drainage density, soil type, slope, and soil texture were each given a weight. The results of this study are extremely positive, and the comprehensive methodology adopted has demonstrated its relevance in mapping groundwater potential areas in the drought-affected regions of Palani taluk. Have an opinion on how artificial structures may affect the vulnerability zones, and then map the artificial recharge structures for the study region of Palani taluk. Applying these methodologies, groundwater potential areas were identified, and they were divided into five zones: low, medium, medium-high, high, and very high potential. Very high favourable zones fall under value ranges beginning at 429.40, while low favourable zones fall under ranges beginning at 6.60. There is a total of 26 well locations used for observation and calculation of groundwater levels. Puliampatti has the highest groundwater level in Palani taluk 2.2 m·bgl, while Vagarai has the lowest groundwater level 10.88 m·bgl. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Coastal areas are always under frequent threat from various natural processes and man-induced activities. Coastal erosion is recognized as the permanent loss of land along the shoreline resulting in the transformation of the coast. The current study focuses on long-term coastal erosion analysis of the entire Karnataka coast using Remote Sensing, Geographical Information System (GIS), Linear Regression Rate (LRR), and End Point Rate (EPR) techniques. Analysis of 26 (1990 to 2016) years of erosion using Landsat images by the use of the Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS) tool has been done. The results show a high erosion rate at Ullal during this period (LRR -1.3 m/yr) and accretion at Devbagh (LRR 3.2 m/yr). The southern Karnataka coast faces severe erosion especially at Ullal, where the settlement is high. At Thanirbhavi, Mukka, Kota, and Om Beaches erosion also is noticed. Both anthropogenic activities like ports, seawalls, breakwaters, etc. and natural processes like long shore drift, seasonal variation, etc. are factors affecting the shoreline change along the Karnataka coast. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Flood is define as a natural disaster that causes loss of life and property damages. Flash flood is an overflow of water that submerge lands and properties affecting lives and habitats all around the world due to climate change and heavy rainfalls. It is impossible to avoid risk or prevent their occurrence but we can reduce their effects by various engineering techniques. Incessant monsoon rains in the month of July 2016, triggered flash floods in several southern districts of Bhutan including Sarpang town affecting hundreds of people. The town was also wiped out after an overnight flash flood in 1996 and several minor flash flood kept on occurring particularly during monsoon. Hence, the present study aims to model the flash flood with respect to rainfall at Sarpang, Bhutan and to understand the suitability of methods in mountain terrain. Modelling was done by integrating ArcGIS and HEC-RAS modelling software. SRTM DEM and Landsat 8 OLI satellite image were used as base data. Meteorological data from Department of Hydro Met Services, Bhutan has been used to calculate average discharge of the river outlet. The model was validated with the recent flash flood event and also study shows that the methods and procedures adopted in this paper are suitable for carrying out similar kind of studies in mountain terrain like Sarpang where flash floods are very frequent and most common. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]