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The main objective of this paper is to work out quantitative measurement of various geomorphic parameters as well as analysis of geomorphic landforms to study the tectonic character of Suru basin. Morphometric analysis, being widely used to assess the drainage characteristics of the river basins, has also been found to be a useful tool to delineate tectonically active zones. A number of parameters including the mountain front sinuosity, asymmetry factor, transverse topography symmetry, hypsometry, longitudinal profile and the shape parameters have been used. The low mountain front sinuosity values < 1.4 indicate that the tectonic forces dominate over erosive activity. Also the asymmetry factor 66.98% suggests that the right side of the basin has experienced uplift with the development of unpaired river terraces. Hypsometric integral 0.96, convex up hypsometric curve and the GPS data of year 2011–2013 indicate that the relief of the basin is high relative to mean, is in youthful stage and actively uplifting at the rate of 2.18 ± 0.99 mm/year. The shape parameters further suggest that the Suru river basin having lower elongation ratio is indicative of elongate shape of basin with tectonic forces outpacing the erosion power. Area-altitude analysis of the Suru river basin indicates that about 72% of the area of the basin is steeply to very steeply sloping and 28% area is moderately to gently sloping. The area-altitude indicates 72% area of basin could slide when there is slight shift in terms of tectonic disturbance. In addition to the geomorphic indices, the field investigations reveal tectonically unstable character, exhibit a complex topography and varied Quaternary sedimentation. The major geomorphic landforms viz., alluvial terraces, alluvial fans, debris cone, scree, and talus cone at the foothills are present throughout the valley with tectonic structures like micro folds, back-tilted beds, deeply incised valleys, faults and tectonic deposits (Ophiolites), indicating that the tectonic activity has affected the basin. The synergized results of geomorphometry, field investigations and GPS data indicate that the Suru basin is tectonically active and uplifting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Ovarian cancer is highly prevalent in the population of Jammu, in India; the ovarian cancer ranks third among other types of cancer prevalent in females. However, association studies on ovarian cancer are lacking in this region. We aimed to investigate the disease susceptible variants rs1052133 (human 8-oxoguanine glycosylase 1 [hOGG1]) and rs25487 (X-ray repair cross-complementing 1 [XRCC1]) with ovarian cancer in population of Jammu, India.Materials and Methods: The study conducted in the Shri Mata Vaishno Devi University is a 3-year study which included a total of 280 well-characterized samples (130 ovarian cancer cases and 150 healthy controls). hOGG1 and XRCC1 polymorphisms were determined by polymerase chain reaction-based restriction fragment length polymorphism, and these genotyping results were confirmed by Sanger sequencing. Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium for both single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) was assessed using the Chi-square test. The allele and genotype-specific risks were estimated by odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals.Results: In this preliminary study, SNP rs1052133 showed protection with ovarian cancer (P = 0.042). The SNP rs25487 was not found associated with ovarian cancer (P = 0.271).Conclusion: Our results indicate that the G allele of rs1052133 imparts protection to the population whereas variant rs25487 was not associated with ovarian cancer in population from the Jammu region, indicating that larger sample size is needed for further statistical validation. Further, association of other SNPs in these genes should also be carried out as their role cannot be ruled out. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Husky, a popular working dog has very low incidence of dystocia associated with uterine inertia. The present report describes dystocia due to partial primary uterine inertia in a Husky bitch and its management by Caesarian section. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The deficiencies which restrict the use of cotton yarns in carpet pile are primarily associated with their poor resilience, poor bending properties and low bulk. Possible approaches for overcoming these deficiencies include improving yarn structure, carpet structure and inherent fiber properties. The present study is devoted largely to improving the inherent fiber characteristics by using various techniques for chemically modifying cotton yarns. These modifications include crosslinking, latex application, cyanoethylation, benzoylation and mercerization. The effects of these processes on the resilience of cotton yarns are investigated. The effects of resin crosslinking and latex application on the abrasion resistance of the yarns are also studied. The most promising improvement in resilience, without serious reduction in abrasion resistance, resulted from sequential applications of a dimethylolethyleneurea (DMEU) or a dimethyloldihydroxyethyleneurea (DMDHEU) crosslinking agent and an acrylic latex. The bending rigidity of the cotton was also significantly increased by this modification. These improvements in yarn properties were reflected in the compressional properties and floor wear of chemically modified cotton carpets and carpets made from treated yarns. The resinlatex modification increased the energies of compression and recovery and the compressional compliance, and reduced the thickness loss in a floor wear test. The tendency to soil was increased, however. Mercerization of cotton carpet improved the appearance in floor trials and increased the compressional resilience, but the energies of compression and recovery and compliance were decreased because of a poor choice of carpet structure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The field of continuum mechanics treats the response of continuous bodies to externally applied forces. Molecular structure is disregarded and the body is pictured as a continuum without gaps or empty spaces. These external forces can deform the body and set it into motion. The motion of a rigid body depends only on its mass and mass distribution, not on its composition. The deformation of the body, however, depends upon its internal constitution and is characterized by “constitutive equations” or “rheological equations of state.” These equations describe the relation between the stress and strain of the material. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The present case records successful pregnancy termination during early stage with double injection of Cloprostenol in a mare. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The report describes successful management of mummified foetus in a zebu cow by cervicotomy. Prior to cervicotomy, the usual protocol for mummified foetus (injection PGF2cř. was followed but the cow did not show any response to two injection of PGF2a. After cervicotomy animal showed oestrus after 48 days of treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The communication report dystocia in a beetle doe and after caesarean section delivery of four dead male kids. The kids were later confirmed for goitre and dam also died after 9 day of caesarean section. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A rare case of dystocia due to thoracophagus monster and its delivery through fetotomy and successful management is described in the present report. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The reduction in population genetic diversity due to inbreeding depression and the negative impact of human activity on habitats ultimately generates an extinction debt. Therefore, there is always a dire need to save wild population and to protect biodiversity. Preservation of wildlife female germplasm, i.e., oocytes and embryos, is a promising biotechnological tool to conserve species' biodiversity. Other applied tools of Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) which assure conservation of endangered species include artificial insemination (AI), embryo transfer technology (ETT), and sperm cryopreservation. Only a few studies show the possibility of adapting the cryopreservation techniques developed for domestic animal female genetic material for use with wild animals. Difficulty is encountered in getting samples, accesses to animals for study, and the standardization of protocols for cryopreservation of such genetic material. Our meta-analysis of the literature (published or in press) and on-going studies found that biobanking for the preservation of vital tissues of wild animals is possible. Somatic tissue sections, ovarian tissues, sperms, oocytes and embryos are potential materials for preservation by vitrification. As vitrification is economical and easily applied, it appears to the best option currently available for the preservation of wildlife female genetics in order to conserve species' biodiversity.

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM), a multifactorial complex disorder, is emerging as a major cause of morbidity, mortality and socio-economic burden across the world. Despite huge efforts in understanding genetics of T2DM, only ∼10% of the genetic factors have been identified so far. Telomere attrition, a natural phenomenon has recently emerged in understanding the pathophysiology of T2DM. It has been indicated that Telomeres and associated pathways might be the critical components in the disease etiology, though the mechanism(s) involved are not clear. Recent Genome Wide (GWAS) and Candidate Gene Case-Control Association Studies have also indicated an association of Telomere and associated pathways related genes with T2DM. Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) in the telomere maintenance genes: TERT, TERC, TNKS, CSNK2A2, TEP1, ACD, TRF1 and TRF2, have shown strong association with telomere attrition in T2DM and its pathophysiology, in these studies. However, the assessment has been made within limited ethnicities (Caucasians, Han Chinese cohort and Punjabi Sikhs from South Asia), warranting the study of such associations in different ethnic groups. Here, we propose the possible mechanisms, in the light of existing knowledge, to understand the association of T2DM with telomeres and associated pathways., (Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.)

The study was undertaken to compare the efficacy of an estradiol-17β + CIDR based protocol with the conventional ovsynch + CIDR based protocol for synchrony of wave emergence and ovulation in Murrah buffalos. In group I (n=25), on day 0 (beginning of experiment), buffaloes were administered a CIDR device (1.38 g P4) and concurrently received 1.5 mg E-17β. On day 9, the CIDR was removed and a prostaglandin (PG) F2α analogue (500 µg) was administered. On day 11, buffaloes were administered a gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) analogue (20 µg) and inseminated twice at 12 h and 24 h following GnRH injections. Group II (n=25) protocol was based on an ovsynch regimen plus CIDR for 7 days followed by double insemination at induced estrus. Group III (n=10) served as control and was not given any hormone on day 0 of the protocol. In groups I, II and III, the duration of new follicular wave emergences were observed on days 4.22 ± 0.12, 3.12 ± 0.33 and 5.14 ± 0.42, respectively. In group I, synchrony of wave emergence was more and the diameter of pre-ovulatory follicles was larger (P<0.05) compared to groups II and III. The first service conception rate (FSCR) was higher (P<0.05) in group I while ovulation rates were not different between groups I and II. In conclusion, more synchrony of wave emergence, larger diameter of dominant follicles and higher first service conception rate was observed following the E-17β + CIDR based protocol in buffalos.