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Objective To assess the effectiveness of combining problem-based learning (PBL), team-based learning (TBL), and clinical pathway (CP) in standardized training of periodontology residents. Methods A total of 48 residents who were transferred to the Department of Periodontology at the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University from January to October 2023 were randomly assigned to either the traditional teaching group or the PBL, TBL, and CP combined teaching group, with 24 participants in each group. The traditional teaching group followed conventional teaching methods, while the PBL, TBL, and CP combined teaching group utilized a combination of these three methods. Prior to completing their rotation, both groups underwent professional assessments as well as surveys on satisfaction with standardized training and self-evaluation. Results The professional examination scores ofcombined teaching group were significantly higher than those of the traditional teaching method group (P0.05). However, compared to the traditional teaching group, students in the PBL, TBL, and CP combined teaching group showed significant improvements in doctor-patient communication skills, active information retrieval abilities, learning interest levels, team discussions, and clinical logical thinking abilities (P

Sonodynamic therapy (SDT) is a cutting-edge method for the biological effects of ultrasound combined with sound-sensitive agents. In recent years, SDT has been a concern of experts and scholars in the oral field, and a series of experimental studies has been carried out. We will introduce the progress of SDT in the field of stomatology from three aspects: the therapeutic mechanism of SDT, the application of SDT in the oral field, and the current situation and future of SDT in the treatment of oral diseases. It is currently believed that singlet oxygen theory, cavitation effects, and induction of apoptosis are the main therapeutic mechanisms. The research of SDT on oral disease prevention mainly focuses on oral tumors (especially squamous cell carcinoma and osteosarcoma) and infectious diseases (such as periodontitis, maxillofacial infection, and oral mucosal disease). Although the current research is still in the experimental stage, with the continuous exploration of sonosensitizers and nanotechnology, SDT will provide great help for the clinical prevention and treatment of oral diseases in the future.

Hydroxyapatite (HAP) nanoparticles, nanowires and nanosheets with hierarchical interfaces were prepared by hydrothermal method. The SEM, TEM and XRD characterizations of the materials showed that they are all pure hydroxyapatite phase, and only have differences in the microstructure. Using the thiazole blue (MTT) test, cell adhesion rate test and acridine orange staining techniques, we evaluated the adhesion and proliferation promotion ability of the three materials on mouse pre-embryonic osteoblasts (MC3T3-E1), and the effects of different nanostructures on cell activity and adhesion proliferation. The results suggested that the three materials had favorable biocompatibility, and HAP nanowires were superior to the other two materials in promoting cell adhesion and proliferation (P < 0. 0 5). Three kinds of nano-hydroxyapatite with different morphologies were synthesized. Different morphology and structure of the materials showed different effects on MC3T3-E1 cells adhesion and proliferation. HAP nanowire provides abundant pores and forms efficient structures that promote the adhesion and growth of the MC3T3-E1. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and objective: Host immunity is crucial during periodontal inflammations. B cells are considered to have a function of immunoregulation, and TLRs are considered to be crucial in this process. The present study illustrates the potential roles and rules of CD25+ B cells during periodontitis, especially its effect on regulating host IL‐35 level and Th1, Th17, and Treg differentiation. Material and methods: The proportion of local and systemic CD25+ B cell subpopulations from periodontitis models were identified by flow cytometry. To illustrate further mechanism, B cells were cultured with a different type of TLR activators. Expression of IL‐10, IL‐35, and TGF‐β was detected by ELISA and real‐time PCR. We also set adoptive transfer models by using CD25+ B cells. Alveolar bone erosion, proportion of Th1, Th17, and Tregs, and levels of IFN‐γ, TNF‐α, IL‐1β, and IL‐17 were identified. Result: Periodontitis induces more CD25+ B cell subpopulations and promotes their IL‐10, IL‐35, and TGF‐βproduction. TLR activators enhanced Breg proliferation and function. LPS+CpG obviously induced more CD25+ B cell differentiation and production of IL‐10, IL‐35, and TGF‐β. Adoptive transfer of CD25+ B cells reduces alveolar bone destruction and local Tregs, proportion, especially the local level of IFN‐γ and IL‐17. In addition, adoptive transfer of CD25+ B cells remedies the pathological change in the proportion of IL‐1β and Th1/Th17 in local lesions. We did not find any significant difference in peripheral blood, regardless of group and detected items. Conclusion: Results of the present study clarify that CD25+ B cells enlarged and produced more IL‐10, IL‐35 and TGF‐β during periodontitis, activation of TLR4 and TLR9 played crucial roles in this process. Also, CD25+ B cells alleviated periodontal inflammation and alveolar bone resorption. Our findings further expanded the potential of B cells during periodontitis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a case study of a 29-year-old pregnant woman who visited the dental hospital complaining of a lump behind her upper front teeth. It notes that the patient had poor oral hygiene with a lot of dental calculus and soft deposits. The article discusses pregnancy-associated pyogenic granuloma and the patient was send for excision of the lesion.

This study aims to investigate the effect of hematoporphyrin monomethyl ether (HMME)-mediated sonodynamic antimicrobial chemotherapy (SACT) on Staphylococcus aureus. SACT was carried out using HMME and 1 MHz ultrasound irradiation. The bactericidal effect was evaluated by the counting colony-forming units (CFU), and important SACT parameters including ultrasound intensity and HMME concentration were determined. More than 95% of the bacteria colonies were effectively killed in the SACT group by 50 μg mL−1 HMME combined with 6 W cm−2 tone-burst ultrasound at 1 MHz, but this ultrasound level without HMME only reduced CFU by 38%. In the sonodynamic treatment, higher HMME concentrations and higher ultrasound intensities caused more death of bacteria. Incubation with different HMME concentrations without ultrasound showed no effect. Our results show that the HMME-mediated SACT can be significantly in killing S. aureus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To observe the effects of Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) ATCC 33277 infection on expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) in rat vascular smooth muscle cells(VSMC). Methods An infection model of rat VSMC invaded by P. gingivalis was established in vitro. The mRNA of ICAM-1 was measured through reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Results Compared with the control group, an apparent and statistically significant increase in expression of ICAM-1 mRNA was observed after 8, 16, and 24 h in P. gingivals-infected rat VSMC (P<0.05). The expression reached its peak at 16 h. Statistically significant differences were observed in the 8 h group and in the other two experimental groups (P<0.05). Conclusion Infection of P. gingivals in rat VSMC can cause increased expression of ICAM-1, which may have an important function in the progression of atherosclerosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]