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Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: Primary central nervous system vasculitis (PCNSV) is a rare disease affecting medium- and small-calibre blood vessels of the central nervous system. Objective: The aim of this study was to analyse clinical findings and diagnostic aspects, with special attention to histopathological findings, as well as the treatments used and treatment response in patients diagnosed with PCNSV at our hospital. Patients and methods: We conducted a retrospective descriptive analysis of patients with a diagnosis of PCNSV at discharge from our centre and meeting the 1988 Calabrese criteria. To this end, we analysed the hospital discharge records of Hospital General Universitario de Castellón between January 2000 and May 2020. Results: We analysed a series of 7 patients who were admitted with transient focal alterations and other less specific symptoms such as headache or dizziness; diagnosis was based on histological findings in 5 cases and on suggestive arteriographic findings in the remaining 2. Neuroimaging results were pathological in all cases, and CSF analysis detected alterations in 3 of the 5 patients who underwent lumbar puncture. All patients received initial treatment with megadoses of corticosteroids followed by immunosuppressive treatment. Progression was unfavourable in 6 cases, with fatal outcomes in 4. Conclusions: Despite the diagnostic challenge of PCNSV, it is essential to attempt to reach a definitive diagnosis using such tools as histopathology and/or arteriography studies, in order to promptly establish appropriate treatment and thus reduce the morbidity and mortality of this condition. Resumen: Introducción: La vasculitis primaria del sistema nervioso central (VPSNC) representa una enfermedad rara que afecta a los vasos sanguíneos de mediano y pequeño calibre del sistema nervioso central. Objetivo: Realizar una descripción de los hallazgos clínicos y aspectos diagnósticos, con especial atención a los hallazgos histopatológicos, así como los tratamientos utilizados y la respuesta a los mismos en pacientes diagnosticados de VPSNC en nuestro centro. Pacientes y métodos: Presentamos un análisis descriptivo retrospectivo. Se ha analizado el registro de altas hospitalarias del Hospital General Universitario de Castellón entre enero de 2000 y mayo de 2020, escogiéndose aquellos con diagnóstico al alta de VPSNC que reunían los criterios de Calabrese en 1988, una vez revisada la historia clínica. Resultados: Se analiza una serie de siete pacientes que ingresaron con cuadros de alteraciones focales transitorias y otros más inespecíficos como cefalea o mareo, alcanzándose el diagnóstico mediante histología en cinco de ellos y mediante angiografía sugestiva en los dos restantes. La neuroimagen fue patológica en todos los casos y el estudio de LCR resultó alterado en tres de los cinco casos practicados. Todos ellos recibieron tratamiento inicial con megadosis de corticoides seguido de tratamiento inmunosupresor. La evolución fue desfavorable en seis casos, resultando éxitus cuatro de ellos. Conclusiones: A pesar del reto diagnóstico que representa la VPSNC, es fundamental tratar de aproximarse al máximo al diagnóstico definitivo, valiéndonos de herramientas como la histopatología y/o angiografía para establecer un tratamiento adecuado de manera precoz y reducir así la morbi-mortalidad de esta entidad.

Introduction: This study analyzed cases of Helicobacter pylori infection diagnosed through histopathological examinations. Aim: to analyze the results of anatomopathological examinations of gastric mucosa performed in the Pathology Department. Methods: It was an epidemiological, retrospective, descriptive and analytical study with a quantitative approach. The sample consisted of all the histopathological examinations of gastric mucosa obtained by upper digestive endoscopy (UDE) carried out at the Alcides Carneiro University Hospital between 01/01/2017 and 31/12/2019, for which there was a suspicion of H. pylori infection. Results: A total of 2028 reports and their respective requests were analyzed. The year with the highest prevalence of reports was 2018, with 798 (39.3%) tests carried out. The female sex prevailed with 1313 (64.7%) analyzes. The highest concentration of individuals was between 40 and 59 years of age, with 784 (38.7%). The main endoscopic finding presented by the doctor was gastritis, with 801 cases (39.5%). However, positive results proving clinical suspicion of H. pylori represented a smaller proportion of the findings, with 686 (33.7%). In addition, positive cases for H. pylori were more associated with the 20-59 age group (n=471; 23.2%) and it was found that patients with an endoscopic diagnosis of ulcers were more associated with positive results proving clinical suspicion for H. pylori on pathology examination (n=106; 5.2%). Conclusion: We conclude that one third of the population seen at the hospital for EDA with biopsy and who had clinical suspicion of H. pylori infection were positive for the bacterium in the anatomopathological study subsequently carried out at the hospital during the period studied, corroborating the bacterial association with inflammatory processes of the gastric mucosa already described in previous studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is a malignant epithelial neoplasm originating from keratinocytes. It affects areas that have little or no fur, with the oral cavity being the fourth most affected area. Despite its low metastatic capacity, it can affect regional lymph nodes and therefore lungs and bones. The objective of this study is to report the case of a feline with SCC in the labial region that underwent surgery to remove the nodule and mandibular lymph nodes for histopathological analysis. The assessment of metastatic involvement of the bilateral mandibular lymph node allowed the start of systemic chemotherapy, promoting the oncologic staging of the patient. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de Gastroenterología del Perú is the property of Sociedad de Gastroenterologia del Peru and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: A tumor refers to an abnormal mass of cells in the body, which can be either benign or malignant. Among cancers, breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed in females, followed by lung cancer and prostate cancer. Sarcomas, comprising over 70 different subtypes, represent approximately 1% of all cancers. Case presentation: A 21-year-old from Borama, Somaliland/Somalia, presented with a 5-day fever, along with other symptoms. Past surgical history revealed a thyroid lesion diagnosed as round cell sarcoma. Imaging showed thyroid carcinoma with metastases. Discussion: The rising cancer incidence in sub-Saharan Africa is attributed to factors like increased life expectancy and lifestyle changes. Challenges in rare cancer cases include late-stage diagnosis and limited treatment options. Efforts to persuade the patient for treatment are ongoing. Conclusion: Improvements in healthcare infrastructure, access to imaging, and pathology services, along with cultural sensitivity, are crucial in managing rare cancers like round cell sarcoma in sub-Saharan Africa. Resumen: Introducción: Un tumor se refiere a una masa anormal de células en el cuerpo, que puede ser benigna o maligna. Entre los cánceres, el cáncer de mama es el más frecuentemente diagnosticado en mujeres, seguido por el cáncer de pulmón y el cáncer de próstata. Los sarcomas, que comprenden más de 70 subtipos diferentes, representan aproximadamente el 1% de todos los cánceres. Presentación del caso: Joven de 21 años de Borama, Somalilandia/Somalia, que presentó fiebre de cinco días, junto con otros síntomas. Los antecedentes quirúrgicos revelaron una lesión tiroidea diagnosticada como sarcoma de células redondas. Las imágenes mostraron carcinoma tiroideo con metástasis. Discusión: El aumento de la incidencia de cáncer en el África subsahariana se atribuye a factores como el aumento de la esperanza de vida y los cambios en el estilo de vida. Los desafíos en los casos raros de cáncer incluyen el diagnóstico en etapa tardía y las opciones de tratamiento limitadas. Los esfuerzos para persuadir al paciente para que reciba tratamiento están en curso. Conclusión: Las mejoras en la infraestructura sanitaria, el acceso a los servicios de diagnóstico por imágenes y patología, junto con la sensibilidad cultural, son cruciales en el tratamiento de cánceres raros como el sarcoma de células redondas en el África subsahariana.

Introduction: Pyogenic granuloma is a very frequent localized increase in volume in the marginal gingiva, the excision of which can generate wide defects that require reconstructive surgery, in order to achieve the aesthetics of the area. Objective: To present a patient who underwent escisional biopsy of a pyogenic granuloma with mucogingival surgery technique. Case Report: 55-year-old female patient, with health history, and localized increase in volume in the marginal gingiva of tooth 22. Non painful lesion, firm, about 3 mm in diameter, sessile base, hypercolored, which appeared after a trauma with dental floss 6 weeks ago. Excisional biopsy of the lesion was performed, with mucogingival surgery technique, coronal displaced flap to preserve the aesthetics of the patient. Conclusions: The excision of the oral pyogenic granuloma, for histopathological study can be combined with mucogingival surgery techniques, to achieve aesthetics, avoid recurrences and dispense with second surgeries.

Introduction: Liposarcoma of the vulva is extremely rare, it represents a diagnostic challenge for the gynecologist as well as the pathologist, there are few cases reported in the literature. We present a case of pleomorphic liposarcoma of the vulva, the first reported at the National Oncological Institute in Panama. Case report: This is a 52-year-old woman with a one-year history of a tumor on the right labia majora of the vulva, with accelerated growth in recent months associated with ulceration. The biopsy reported high-grade malignant mesenchymal neoplasia. She was taken After surgery, hemivulvectomy and flap reconstruction, the resection margins were negative. Postoperative evolution without adverse events. Conclusions: Pleomorphic liposarcoma of the vulva is an extremely rare entity; biopsy of the vulvar tumor is crucial for planning surgery, the treatment of choice in most cases. Adjuvant treatment is individualized and follow-up could be close. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Poroma and syringocystadenoma papilliferum are two rare benign adnexal tumors with glandular differentiation, which share similar clinical pictures, so the distinction between both is difficult only on clinical grounds. It is necessary to take a biopsy to observe and analyze the histopathology and, in the same way, corroborate the differences, because it can be confused with benign or malignant neoplasms and inflammatory conditions. CLINICAL CASES: Two clinical cases are presented, one in a 58-year-old woman, with a dome-shaped neoformation on the scalp, with a smooth surface and alopecic surface of 3 mm in diameter, well delimited. The other case is that of a 48-year-old man with a neoformation also in scalp, alopecic, multilobulated and with an anfractuous, of 20 years of evolution. Surgical extirpation was performed and histopathological studies reported the diagnosis of poroma and syringocystadenoma papilliferum, due to the presence of layers of cuticular cells and clear cells in the epidermis and middle dermis, and cavities with papillary formations lined by epithelium with a basal layer of hyperchromic cuboidal cells and other white ones, which in the lower part were observed as glandular dilations, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Adnexal tumors with glandular differentiation are multiple and varied, the histological image may be similar, but the final diagnosis of these two tumors must be confirmed by histopathological study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: low-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma is a tumor that represents less than one percent of all uterine malignancies. It is mostly diagnosed between 40 and 55 years of age, it has slow growth, with extrauterine dissemination in 40 and up to 50% of cases at the time of diagnosis. Patient information: 72-year-old woman, with a history of high blood pressure, type 2 diabetes mellitus and surgery for fibroid, along with necrobiosis, who had to undergo total abdominal hysterectomy with double adnexectomy. As a result of the biopsy, submucosal and subserosal intramural leiomyomas with areas of necrosis and hemorrhages were detected. Subsequently, in August 2022, she presented scant bleeding, so she was sent to the Neck Pathology Consultation. She underwent video colposcopy with an exophytic lesion in the vaginal vault. The patient returned to the center due to a tumor measuring ±6 to 8 cm, violaceous, protruding through the vulvar introitus, coming from the vaginal vault and accompanied by bleeding, and friable. The biopsy result determined a low-grade sarcoma-type malignant mesenchymal tumor with two foci of necrosis. Conclusions: uterine cancer is the most common gynecological malignancy. On the other hand, low-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma is a very unusual tumor that ranks second among uterine mesenchymal tumors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de la Facultad de Medicina Humana is the property of Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias Biomedicas de la Universidad Ricardo Palma and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introducción: El quiste óseo aneurismático fue descrito como una lesión hemorrágica que contiene cavidades quísticas, de paredes delgadas, llenas de sangre, localmente destructivo y no se considerada una neoplasia verdadera. Objetivos: Presentar a un paciente masculino, con quiste óseo aneurismático en la cadera. Caso Clínico: Se presenta el caso de un varón de 18 años de edad, con dolor en la cadera derecha, de meses de evolución, que se irradia a la rodilla derecha, que fue incrementando sin mejorar y se asoció aumento de volumen de la rodilla ipsilateral. En la radiografía se evidenció una lesión lítica localizada en el macizo trocantérico derecho, de aproximadamente 8 cm de diámetro, multiloculada, con cavidades en su interior y adelgazamiento de las corticales; se realizó biopsia incisional abierta, curetaje y relleno con injerto heterólogo de esponjosa y se envió el tejido a anatomía patológica. Conclusiones: El quiste óseo aneurismático constituye una lesión poco frecuente, que el ortopedista debe sospechar ante imágenes radiológicas óseas de lesiones líticas y multiloculadas de carácter expansivo.

Limb-girdle muscular dystrophy (LGMD) is a group of myopathies that lead to progressive muscle weakness, predominantly involving the shoulder and pelvic girdles; it has a heterogeneous genetic etiology, with variation in the prevalence of subtypes according to the ethnic backgrounds and geographic origins of the populations. The aim of the present study was to analyze a series of patients with autosomal recessive LGMD (LGMD-R) to contribute to a better characterization of the disease and to find the relative proportion of the different subtypes in a Southern Brazil cohort. The sample population consisted of 36 patients with LGMD-R. A 9-gene targeted next-generation sequencing panel revealed variants in 23 patients with LGMD (64%), and it identified calpainopathy (LGMD-R1) in 26%, dysferlinopathy (LGMD-R2) in 26%, sarcoglycanopathies (LGMD-R3–R5) in 13%, telethoninopathy (LGMD-R7) in 18%, dystroglicanopathy (LGMD-R9) in 13%, and anoctaminopathy (LGMD-R12) in 4% of the patients. In these 23 patients with LGMD, there were 27 different disease-related variants in the ANO5, CAPN3, DYSF, FKRP, SGCA, SGCB, SGCG, and TCAP genes. There were different causal variants in different exons of these genes, except for the TCAP gene, for which all patients carried the p.Gln53* variant, and the FKRP gene, which showed recurrence of the p.Leu276Ile variant. We analyzed the phenotypic, genotypic and muscle immunohistochemical features of this Southern Brazilian cohort.

Introducción: En Uruguay el cáncer de próstata ocupa el primer lugar en incidencia y el tercer lugar en mortalidad en el hombre. La mayoría de estos cánceres se diagnostican en estadios precoces. Hoy en día, para pacientes con adenocarcinoma de muy bajo riesgo, bajo riesgo o riesgo intermedio favorable, la vigilancia activa es una opción adecuada. Objetivos: Describir una población de pacientes con cáncer de próstata de muy bajo riesgo, bajo riesgo o riesgo intermedio favorable, en vigilancia activa en COMERI. Material y métodos: Estudio descriptivo, observacional, retrospectivo. Se incluyeron pacientes con cáncer de próstata de muy bajo riesgo, bajo riesgo o riesgo intermedio favorable, tratados entre 2010 y 2018 en COMERI. Se recopilaron datos en el sistema de registro clínico electrónico. Resultados: Se incluyeron 33 pacientes, la mediana de edad al diagnóstico fue de 74 años. Todos los pacientes fueron sometidos a controles clínicos y determinación de PSA cada 3 meses. El tacto rectal se realizó en forma anual. El tiempo mediano de vigilancia activa fue de 33 meses. Durante el seguimiento, se observaron pocas variaciones en los valores de PSA. El 21% de los pacientes fue sometido a una nueva biopsia durante el seguimiento activo, y en todos los casos, el Gleason se mantuvo incambiado. Ningún paciente abandonó la modalidad de vigilancia activa.Conclusión: En nuestro entorno, la vigilancia activa se considera una opción terapéutica válida para pacientes altamente seleccionados con cáncer de próstata de muy bajo riesgo, bajo riesgo o riesgo intermedio favorable, y es bien aceptada por ellos.

Introducción: El diagnóstico de cáncer pulmonar al igual que el de los nódulos pulmonares se encuentra en aumento. La biopsia percutánea se ha convertido en una herramienta trascendental para su diagnóstico. Tradicionalmente la tomografía computada es empleada para estos procedimientos por su capacidad para demostrar con claridad los huesos y el pulmón aireado. Sin embargo, en casos seleccionados puede efectuarse con ecografía. Métodos: Estudio retrospectivo realizado entre enero de 2020 y diciembre de 2021, durante la pandemia por SARS-CoV-2. Todos los pacientes tenían lesiones pulmonares de base pleural o lesiones pleurales, algunos con antecedentes conocidos de cáncer. Resultados: Se realizaron 36 procedimientos, en 32 (88,9%) la muestra obtenida presentó rédito diagnóstico y la prueba adicional más utilizada fue la Inmunohistoquímica en 23 (63,9%). Se reportaron complicaciones en 5 pacientes (13,9%): 2 con neumotórax leve, 2 con hemotórax (1 leve y 1 moderado) y 1 paciente refirió dolor. Conclusión: La ecografía es un método válido para ser usado como guía de biopsias de lesiones pleurales y pulmonares periféricas. La tasa de complicaciones y reedito diagnóstico ha demostrado estar en línea con la experiencia de otros autores y guías internacionales.

Es de hacer notar, que hace aproximadamente más de cuatro décadas, había confusión en la interpretación y diagnóstico de un buen número de lesiones óseas, se han descrito gran número de tumores y pseudotumores óseos, que afectan a la población, siendo los más frecuentes, los tumores de origen condrogénicos. Objetivo: Determinar los tumores condrogénicos diagnosticados en el servicio de tumores óseos del Hospital Oncológico Padre Machado, Caracas Venezuela, 2010-2023. Métodos: La investigación fue de tipo observacional, descriptivo, retrospectivo y transversal, La población estuvo constituida por 169 pacientes, con estudios de imagen e historia clínica correctamente realizada. Resultados: El presente estudio reporta una ligera mayor cantidad de pacientes masculinos los cuales tienen un 52.1%(n=88) y el femenino tiene un 47.9% (n=81). Según el tratamiento aplicado de acuerdo al diagnóstico con el cual llego el paciente, la mayor concentración se centra en el tratamiento quirúrgico con un 89.3% (n=151). Tomando en cuenta que el tipo histopatológico observado más común fue el osteocondroma con un 37,2% (n=63). Se puede observar que según el tipo de procedimiento el que tiene mayor proporción en la biopsia incisional con un 34,1% (n=78)). Cabe destacar que el total de procedimientos es 229, ya que hubo casos en que se le realizo varios tipos de procedimientos a un solo paciente.

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Copyright of Revista Ciencias de la Salud is the property of Colegio Mayor de Nuestra Senora del Rosario and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Ginecología y Obstetricia de México is the property of Federacion Mexicana de Ginecologia y Obstetricia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Seção de perguntas e respostas, apresentada pelo Dr. Francisco Fialho, patologista do Serviço Nacional de Câncer sobre o valor da biópsia no diagnóstico e tratamento do câncer.

Objective To compare the efficacy and safety of frameless and frame-based techniques for biopsies of intracranial lesions in an exclusive assistance service at a public health center in Brazil (SUS).

Introducción: el queratoquiste hace parte de los quistes odontogénicos del desarrollo, derivado de los residuos de la lámina dental con un comportamiento biológico similar al de una neoplasia benigna. Presenta un alto grado de recidiva y agresividad, con lo que ocasiona una destrucción ósea masiva. Puede aparecer en cualquier zona de los maxilares y estar relacionado con dientes retenidos. Imagenológicamente, presenta una lesión radiolúcida multilocular o poliquística, que muestra un borde cortical delgado. Objetivos: demostrar la importancia de un diagnóstico correcto, una detección temprana y acertada, así como inferir la necesidad de utilizar la solución de Carnoy como primera línea de tratamiento, y determinar el momento oportuno para hacerlo. Presentación de caso: hombre de 34 años de edad, sin antecedentes personales relevantes. Tres años atrás había presentado una lesión radiolúcida localizada en los órganos dentarios 34 y 35, motivo por el que le realizaron endodoncia de estos y le removieron la lesión. Ocho meses después, en la tomografía Cone Beam, se evidenció una lesión hipodensa de mayor tamaño que las iniciales en la hemiarcada inferior izquierda. Conclusión: la marsupialización, enucleación más adyuvancia, así como la correcta evaluación de las características clínicas, radiográficas e histopatológicas, permitieron que se llevara a cabo un tratamiento quirúrgico más conservador sin utilizar la solución de Carnoy. Aun así, siempre se recomienda un seguimiento postoperatorio a largo plazo. Por otra parte, no se descarta el uso de solución de Carnoy en casos aislados y según el criterio del operador.

Introducción: La biopsia selectiva del ganglio centinela (BSGC) en cáncer de mama es el método estándar para estadificación axilar en pacientes con axila clínicamente negativa. Estudios indican evitar linfadenectomía axilar en pacientes con BSGC negativas incluyendo aquellos que recibieron previamente quimioterapia neoadyuvante (QTN). El objetivo del presente estudio es determinar la eficacia de la BSGC en detectar ganglios centinela posterior QTN en un instituto oncológico de referencia en Ecuador. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio observacional, analítico y retrospectivo, realizado en Hospital SOLCA Guayaquil, durante el período enero 2015 a diciembre 2020. Se evaluaron 81 pacientes con cáncer de mama con axila clínicamente negativa que recibieron QTN previo a cirugía. Las variables son biopsia de ganglio centinela, quimioterapia neoadyuvante, precisión diagnóstica y estadificación axilar. Se consideró el Odds Ratio del 95%, con una P

Copyright of Acta Odontológica Colombiana is the property of Universidad Nacional de Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Gaceta Médica de Caracas is the property of Academia Nacional de Medicina and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Ginecología y Obstetricia de México is the property of Federacion Mexicana de Ginecologia y Obstetricia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Arquivos de Ciências da Saúde da UNIPAR is the property of Associacao Paranaense de Ensino e Cultura and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Ginecología y Obstetricia de México is the property of Federacion Mexicana de Ginecologia y Obstetricia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la presencia del Virus Papiloma Humano (VPH) tipo 16 y 18 en biopsias de tejido mamario parafinado de pacientes con diagnóstico clínico de cáncer de mama. Se analizaron 32 biopsias de cáncer de mama embebidas en parafina para detectar el ADN de VPH mediante PCR en tiempo real, los iniciadores estuvieron dirigidos al gen E6. Se evaluaron el tipo histológico, grado histológico y la sobreexpresión de C-erB2 y Ki-67 mediante inmunohistoquímica. El 84,38% (27) fueron positivos para VPH, el 25% (8) fueron positivos para VPH-16 y el 59,38% (19) para VPH-18. El 15,63% (5) de las muestras presentaron infección mixta. Se evidenció la sobrexpresión de C-erbB2 y Ki-67 en 6,25% (2) de las muestras positivas para VPH-16 y 15,63% (5) de las muestras positivas para VPH-18. Se detectó ADN de VPH-16 y VPH-18 en las muestras de biopsias analizadas mediante PCR en tiempo real.

Introducción: el aumento de volumen de los ganglios linfáticos produce un grupo de síntomas y signos que constituyen el síndrome adénico. Se denomina adenopatía a la enfermedad del ganglio linfático. Objetivo: caracterizar a los pacientes que ingresaron con síndrome adénico en el Servicio de Medicina Interna en el período de 2016 a 2018. Métodos: se realizó un estudio descriptivo de tipo transversal. La población estuvo constituida por los pacientes que ingresaron con diagnóstico de síndrome adénico a los que se les realizó biopsia ganglionar con diagnóstico clínico y patológico concluyente, con un total de 103 pacientes. Resultados: predominaron las adenopatías malignas en el 74,8%, la edad media de los pacientes fue de 57,48±17,25 años y predominó el sexo masculino (60,2%), las metástasis ganglionares fueron las más frecuentes (33%), el cáncer de pulmón, con nueve pacientes, encabezó las causas de metástasis ganglionar y predominaron las adenopatías localizadas con un 68% (el 36% fue de localización cervical). En los pacientes con adenopatías malignas predominó la edad mayor de 50 años, el sexo masculino, el color blanco de la piel, la localización supraclavicular, la presencia de síntomas acompañantes como la pérdida de peso y la sudoración y de signos como la palidez cutaneomucosa y la esplenomegalia. Conclusiones: predominaron las adenopatías malignas, la localización cervical, los pacientes con edad media próxima al adulto mayor, masculinos y blancos. Las metástasis fueron más frecuentes en el cáncer de pulmón. La pérdida de peso, la sudoración, la palidez y la esplenomegalia fueron los síntomas y signos más hallados.

Breast cancer is the most frequent malignant tumor in women, approximately 5 to 10% is due to inherited genetic mutations (BRCA1 and BRCA2) which generates its appearance before menopause, debuting as mammary lesions that simulate benignity generating false negatives, that is the reason of the importance of the patient's clinical history and the support of imaging studies as well as taking a biopsy for its definitive diagnosis, as it is shown in the following article. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Indication of a biopsy in thyroid nodules can be determined by ultrasonographic images; its number is less when it is carried out by a capable radiologist. TI-RADS (Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System) staging can favor diagnostic evaluation. Objective: To analyze echographic characteristics of thyroid nodules and their staging with TI-RADS criteria at the time of deciding the perform of a biopsy. Patients and methods: Fiftyeight patients sent for thyroid ultrasound study, with or without indication of performing a biopsy. Ultrasonographic characteristics were determined before and after TI-RADS criteria. Results: Biopsy was performed in 30 patients (51.7%). According to pre-TI-RADS criteria, radiology service indicated the procedure to eight patients (26.6%). Six patients with high risk (three confirmed cases, 50%) and two with moderate risk (both benign). Other four cases with high risk, five moderate and 12 with low risk. Biopsies were performed to these patients by indication of treating doctor; all of them with benign disease. All the patients without biopsy (five with high risk, one moderate, and 21 with low risk) evolved as benign disease. At re-classification with TI-RADS, only three cases with cancer were classified as 5; three with TI-RADS 4 and two with TI-RADS 3 fulfilled criteria for biopsy and the result was of benignity. Fifty out of 58 patients (86.2%) didn't merit the performing of a biopsy. Conclusions: With pre-TI-RADS criteria, biopsies are over indicated, even though, in less possibility if indication was done by a capable radiologist. We suggest the support of a radiologist with evaluation of TI-RADS at deciding the perform of a biopsy in thyroid injuries in order to diminish costs and other inconveniences for the patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Skin cancer affects 30% of Brazilians and is the most prevalente cancer in the country. It can be melanoma or nonmelanoma. Melanoma accounts for only 3% of cases and the remainder corresponds to non-melanoma, which can manifest as basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma. Despite the lower prevalence, melanomas have a high potential for metastasis and, as non-melanomas, have better prognosis with early diagnosis and, usually, the treatment is surgical. Thereby, this research is a survey of the prevalence of skin cancer confirmed by the histopathology of signs and tumors removed in outpatient surgery at a teaching servisse. That will be a source of information and knowledge for academics and the population in general, serving as a subsidy for research, scientific work and being a source of data in the elaboration of awareness policies, prevention, and fight against skin cancer by the Government and civilian organized society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

La nocardiosis es una infección localizada o diseminada causada por un microorganismo aeróbico. En el sistema nervioso central (SNC) es poco común, sólo 2% de todos los abscesos cerebrales. Usualmente afecta a los pacientes inmunocomprometidos y es muy rara en los inmunocompetentes. En ambos causa una morbimortalidad significativa. No hay un tratamiento ideal; la cirugía desempeña un papel importante, ya que facilita el diagnóstico bacteriológico y en ocasiones alivia la presión intracraneana. Se presenta un paciente de 58 años con cefalea intensa y hemiparesia. El estudio de resonancia magnética demostró múltiples lesiones cerebrales. Se hicieron estudios de extensión para metástasis cerebrales, pero todos fueron negativos. Se efectuó una biopsia cerebral esterotáxica, negativa para malignidad en los cultivos creció una Nocardia spp. El manejo antibiótico ocasionó mejoría clínica significativa y a los 18 meses post-tratamiento el paciente está asintomático.

Introducción: la nefropatía por IgA (NIgA) es la enfermedad glomerular más común del mundo. En pediatría, la frecuencia de la enfermedad no está bien establecida y puede llevar a falla renal terminal a los 20 años entre el 20-30 % de los casos. Se ha descrito relación entre una tinción histológica C4d positiva y variables clínicas e histológicas de peor pronóstico renal. Objetivo: el objetivo del presente estudio es correlacionar la presencia diagnóstica de C4d en biopsias renales con variables clínicas e histológicas en pacientes con NIgA. Métodos: estudio observacional y retrospectivo. Se incluyeron entre los años 2011-2018 todos los pacientes pediátricos con diagnóstico histopatológico de NIgA que contaran con material de biopsia renal adecuado para la tinción de C4d. La variable resultado principal fue la tasa de filtración glomerular (TFG) al momento del diagnóstico y al último seguimiento. Resultados: catorce pacientes fueron incluidos en el estudio. Dos (14.2 %) tuvieron tinción positiva para C4d en la biopsia de diagnóstico, de los cuales, ninguno presentó deterioro de la función renal por TFG ni proteinuria moderada-severa durante el estudio. No se encontró relación entre una tinción para C4d positiva y variables histopatológicas de peor pronóstico (incluyendo hipercelularidad mesangial y fibrosis intersticial-atrofia tubular), de la clasificación de Oxford. Conclusión: dado el escaso tamaño de la muestra, nuestros hallazgos no fueron concordantes con la literatura en cuanto a la relación entre una tinción positiva para C4d y variables clínicas e histopatológicas de peor pronóstico renal.

Introducción. Los tumores glómicos provienen de los cuerpos glómicos, que son estructuras con función de termorregulación y se encuentran distribuidas por todo el cuerpo humano, principalmente a nivel distal de las extremidades, donde es común encontrar lesiones características, aunque hay reportes de casos que se presentaron como neoformación en localizaciones más inusuales. Su etiología aun es desconocida. No se sospechan en muchos pacientes y el diagnostico se realiza de manera incidental, por estudios imagenológicos o anatomopatológicos. Caso clínico. Paciente femenina de 66 años, con presencia de tumor glómico en vía aérea, diagnosticado por histopatología e inmunohistoquímica, que fue sometido a resección quirúrgica, con buena evolución posterior. Discusión. Esta presentación atípica de tumor glómico en vía aérea se manifiesta principalmente con síntomas y signos relacionados con obstrucción de la vía aérea. El manejo oportuno es primordial y el diagnóstico definitivo es por histopatología e inmunohistoquímica, donde se observan las características de las células glómicas, estructuras vasculares, músculo liso y la positividad en la inmunotinción de marcadores como actina del músculo liso, CD34, y actina específica del músculo, entre otras. Conclusión. Los tumores glómicos son neoformaciones benignas raras, con presentación más común en zonas distales. Su aparición depende de factores intrínsecos y extrínsecos de los pacientes. Su tasa de recidiva es muy baja en comparación de otros tumores.

Copyright of Revista de Ciencias Médicas de Pinar del Río is the property of Editorial Ciencias Medicas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: In the last decade, the introduction of multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) and fusion ultrasound-targeted mpMRI (TBx) has generated great expectations about the diagnostic pathway for prostate cancer. This method also has better sensitivity for locating and detecting clinically significant tumors, and is used to target biopsies specifically to suspicious areas. Aim: Through an observational study, evaluate the experience of a private clinic in performing TBxguided prostate biopsies. Method: This is an observational, retrospective study, which used information from medical records already archived at the Instituto de Urologia Bragança, located in the city of Bragança Paulista - SP, Brazil, of patients treated from September 2021 to March 2023, and which performed TBx-guided prostate biopsies. Results: In the present study, it was observed that the average age of the patients was approximately 66 years old, with an average PSA of 7.70 ng/mL. Among the patients evaluated, approximately one third had an increased risk of prostate cancer based on the values of the relationship between free PSA and total PSA. The most prevalent PIRADS classification in the studied sample was 4, and among patients with PIRADS classification 3, who would not naturally be indicated for biopsy, PSAd greater than 0.15 was identified in just over a third of them, suggesting that the they should also be subjected to examination. The majority of patients evaluated in our sample presented a negative result based on the Gleason scale. Among the positives, the most prevalent was 3+4. Conclusion: This study evaluated our Service's experience in performing fusion ultrasound, describing the epidemiological profile of patients and identifying those who actually required prostate biopsy for cancer research. As the main result, it was possible to identify the superiority of fusion biopsy when compared to randomized biopsy. It is suggested that similar surveys be carried out in various regions of Brazil with a view to verifying whether the phenomenon observed in our region could be repeated on a national scale. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Arquivos Brasileiros de Oftalmologia is the property of Arquivos Brasileiros de Oftalmologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Ginecología y Obstetricia de México is the property of Federacion Mexicana de Ginecologia y Obstetricia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

BACKGROUND: Jessner cutaneous lymphocytic infiltration is a chronic benign skin disease characterized by non-scaly erythematous papules or plaques that are located mainly on the back, face, neck, shoulders, arms and hands (exposed areas to the sun), which can group together to form plaques with an annular, arcuate or horseshoe arrangement and which disappear without leaving a scar. CLINICAL CASE: A 30-year-old female patient with no significant pathological history, who was admitted to hospital for suffering a 7-day evolution dermatosis characterized by confluent macular lesions on the trunk and extremities with centripetal distribution, which affected the palms and soles, in them with maculopapular lesions, in whom Jessner cutaneous lymphocytic infiltration was diagnosed. CONCLUSIONS: It highlights the importance of skin biopsy for the diagnosis of persistent skin lesions in which the most frequent diseases have been ruled out and the finding of benign conditions of very low incidence, such as Jessner cutaneous lymphocytic infiltration, susceptible to specific treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the concordance between the fine needle aspiration biopsy cytology and post-thyroidectomy histopathological report in patients with TIRADS 3, 4 and 5 thyroid nodules in a third level hospital. MATERIALS AND METHOD! Observational, analytical, cross-sectional and retrospective study that consisted of reviewing the records of patients with thyroid nodules in whom fine needle aspiration biopsy had been performed and who required thyroidectomy, during the period from June 2017 to June 2019. RESULTS Twenty-six cases were analyzed, with 10 of them positive for malignancy; all were reported as papillary thyroid carcinoma. The concordance between Bethesda VI and the histopathological result of thyroidectomy was 50% (p = 0.72) while for Bethesda V there was a correlation of malignancy of 83.3% (p = 0.01) using the χ² test; for TIRADS categories 3, 4 and 5 a correlation with respect to malignancy of 60, 25 and 44.4%, respectively was obtained. CONCLUSIONS: The thyroid ultrasound findings by TIRADS and fine needle aspiration biopsy reported in Bethesda category can help the physician to estimate the risk of malignancy in patients with thyroid nodules. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Hyaline fibromatosis syndrome is an ultra-rare genetic disorder characterized by nodular and papular lesions in skin and joints due to hyaline deposits. The diagnosis is done by clinical findings, skin biopsy with accumulation of hyaline material and confirmed by molecular analysis of the ANTXR2 gene. CLINICAL CASE: A 3-year-old male patient, son of a young non-consanguineous couple from the state of Hidalgo, Mexico, with pearly papular lesions of the skin and mucosa, as well as nodules in joints limiting mobility. The diagnosis was confirmed by skin biopsy and molecular analysis of the ANTXR2 gene that reported a homozygous c.1069del p.(Ala357Profs*52) mutation, pathogenic of hyaline fibromatosis syndrome. The study of the family did not reveal consanguinity; however, it is a rare disease, the parents are from a small community, so it is likely that there is a consanguineous background of the parents. CONCLUSIONS: We present a case of this rare genetic disease that has important skin and joint manifestations, confirming the diagnosis by mutation of the ANTXR2 gene. To our knowledge, this is the second case reported in Mexico but the first in which the disease was confirmed by molecular study where a pathogenic mutation of hyaline fibromatosis syndrome was identified. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Ginecología y Obstetricia de México is the property of Federacion Mexicana de Ginecologia y Obstetricia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Ciencias Médicas de Pinar del Río is the property of Editorial Ciencias Medicas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introducción: la enfermedad de Hansen o lepra es una enfermedad infectocontagiosa de evolución crónica causada por un bacilo, el Mycobacterium leprae. La lepra neural pura, o primaria, se presenta como una neuropatía periférica sin presencia de lesiones cutáneas. Información del paciente: se presenta un hombre joven, de 19 años de edad, con historia de alteraciones sensitivas en ambas piernas de aproximadamente dos meses de evolución. Al examen físico se constató hipoestesia en parches en ambos miembros inferiores. Se estableció confirmación diagnóstica por biopsia del nervio sural. Se comenzó tratamiento antileproso y se logró mejoría clínica con pocas semanas de evolución. Conclusiones: el diagnóstico clínico es difícil y la enfermedad puede pasar desapercibida durante años, con daño neural cada vez con mayor discapacidad, por lo que se requiere de un enfoque clínico exhaustivo para lograr diagnósticos acertados. El manejo multidisciplinario mejora el pronóstico y la calidad de vida de los pacientes con esta enfermedad.

Introduction: The ocular neoplasm can affect the eye, annexes and orbit. The effective treatment depends on an early, presumptive and accurate diagnosis. Objective: To characterize patients with eye cancer according to variables of interest. Method: An observational, descriptive and retrospective study of 58 patients with eye malignancy confirmed by means of biopsy was carried out. They were assisted in the Ocular Plastic Surgery Service of the Ophthalmologic Center at Dr. Juan Bruno Zayas Alfonso Teaching General Hospital in Santiago de Cuba, from October, 2015 to the same period in 2020. The mean was used for the quantitative variables. Results: In the series the mean age was of 62.49 years; there was a prevalence of the male sex (51.7 %) and the mixed race color of the skin (53.4 %). The most frequent localization of the tumoral lesions in the annexes was in the lids (53.4 %) and the conjunctive (41.4 %). The predominant histologic types were palpebral basal cell carcinoma (44.8 %) and squamous cell carcinoma of the conjunctive (41.4 %). The estadification of the tumor was established: T1 en 47 patients, T2 and T3 in 4, as well as T4 in 3. Conclusions: The control of the eye cancer is very important, because it allows to trace strategies for the early diagnosis and the appropriate treatment of patients.