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10. Terrestrial records of glacial terminations V and IV and insights on deglacial mechanisms.

Author

Marra, Fabrizio, Pereira, Alison, Jicha, Brian, Nomade, Sebastien, Biddittu, Italo, Florindo, Fabio, Muttoni, Giovanni, Niespolo, Elizabeth, Renne, Paul, and Scao, Vincent

Abstract

40Ar/39Ar geochronology constraints to aggradational phases and grainsize variations show that the sedimentary filling of the Liri fluvial-lacustrine basin (central Italy) recorded the occurrence of deglaciation events associated with global meltwater pulses. Integrating these data with those from the Tiber River catchment basin, we find a precise match between the ages of gravel deposition and the occurrence of moderate sea-level rise events which anticipate those more marked during the glacial termination V and IV in the Red Sea relative sea level curve. Such correspondence suggests that gravel deposition is facilitated by melting of Apennine mountain range glaciers, which provide the water transport energy and a surplus of clastic input to the rivers draining the mountain regions and flowing into the Tyrrhenian Sea. Therefore, the thick gravel beds intercalated in the sedimentary filling of the catchment basins of the major rivers in central Italy may be regarded as an equivalent proxy of large deglaciation events, similar to the ice-rafted debris in northern Atlantic. Consistent with this hypothesis, we also show the close correspondence between the occurrence of particularly mild (warmer) minima of the mean summer insolation at 65° N and these early aggradational phases, as well as with other anomalous early sea-level rises occurred 750 ka and 540 ka at the onset of glacial termination VIII and VI, and 40 ka at the onset of the so-called Heinrich events. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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11. First occurrence of the short-faced bear Agriotherium (Ursidae, Carnivora) in Italy: biochronological and palaeoenvironmental implications

Author

European Commission, Belluci, Luca, Biddittu, Italo, Brilli, Mauro, Conti, Jacopo, Germani, Marco, Giustini, Francesca, Iurino, Dawid Adam, Mazzini, Ilaria, Sardella, Raffaele, European Commission, Belluci, Luca, Biddittu, Italo, Brilli, Mauro, Conti, Jacopo, Germani, Marco, Giustini, Francesca, Iurino, Dawid Adam, Mazzini, Ilaria, and Sardella, Raffaele

Abstract

In 1981, a large mammal assemblage was recovered from a laminated travertine exposed in the region of the village of Collepardo (Frosinone, central Italy). The Collepardo mammal assemblage reported in the literature included ungulates and carnivorans. It was referred to the middle Villafranchian for its similarities with the Saint Vallier (France) faunal assemblage. Some authors suggested a slightly older age (?Montopoli FU). Up to now, only cervids were studied, whereas the other remains were never illustrated nor investigated. Since the fossiliferous site was never described in detail and its location roughly defined, a series of field surveys were carried out with the aim of better depict the continental deposit containing this large mammal assemblage. During these surveys, a block containing several mammal bones was discovered. Among them, an hemimandible of a large short-faced bear Agriotherium was found, a carnivoran never reported before from Italy and very rare in the European fossil record. Its occurrence, together with the cervid Pseudodama lyra and Sus arvernensis, suggests an Early Villafranchian age (Triversa F.U.) for the Collepardo assemblage that therefore has to be referred to the Pliocene. Finally, carbon and oxygen isotope ratios were determined to understand the palaeoenvironmental condition of the depositional system.

Published
2019

12. Contribution of the 40Ar/39Ar method to improve Middle-Pleistocene archaeological/palaeontological sites from the Italian Peninsula

Author

Nomade Sebastien, Pereira Alison, Voinchet Pierre, Bahain Jean-Jacques, Aureli Daniele, Arzarello Marta, Anzidei Anna-Paola, Biddittu Italo, Bulgarelli Maria-Grazia, Falguères Christophe, Giaccio Biagio, Guillou Hervé, Manzi Gorgio, Moncel Marie-Hélène, Nicoud Elisa, Pagli Maria, Parenti Fabio, Peretto Carlo, Piperno Marcello, Rocca Roxane, Nomade Sebastien, Pereira Alison, Voinchet Pierre, Bahain Jean-Jacque, Aureli Daniele, Arzarello Marta, Anzidei Anna-Paola, Biddittu Italo, Bulgarelli Maria-Grazia, Falguères Christophe, Giaccio Biagio, Guillou Hervé, Manzi Gorgio, Moncel Marie-Hélène, Nicoud Elisa, Pagli Maria, Parenti Fabio, Peretto Carlo, Piperno Marcello, and Rocca Roxane

Subjects
Italy, Middle-Pleistocene, 40Ar/39Ar method
Published
2017

13. Integrated geochronology of Acheulian sites from the southern Latium (central Italy): Insights on human-environment interaction and the technological innovations during the MIS 11-MIS 10 period

Author

Pereira, Alison, Nomade, Sébastien, Moncel, Marie Hélène, Voinchet, Pierre, Bahain, Jean Jacques, Biddittu, Italo, Falguères, Christophe, Giaccio, Biagio, Manzi, Giorgio, Parenti, Fabio, Scardia, Giancarlo, Scao, Vincent, Sottili, Gianluca, Vietti, Amina, Histoire naturelle de l'Homme préhistorique (HNHP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD), Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département de Préhistoire du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département de Préhistoire, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN), Institut de Paléontologie Humaine (IPH), Fondation I.P.H-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Museo Preistorico di Pofi, Pofi, Institut de Paléontologie Humaine, Dipartimento di biologia ambientale, Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' [Rome], DEPLAN/IGCE/UNESP, Instituto de Geociencias e Ciencias Exatas, Universidade de São Paulo (USP)-Unesp, Istituto di Geologia Ambientale e Geoingegneria, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Paléocéanographie (PALEOCEAN), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome], Universidade de São Paulo (USP)-Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho = São Paulo State University (UNESP), Histoire naturelle de l'Homme préhistorique ( HNHP ), Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle ( MNHN ) -Université de Perpignan Via Domitia ( UPVD ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] ( LSCE ), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines ( UVSQ ) -Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle ( MNHN ), Institut de Paléontologie Humaine ( IPH ), Fondation I.P.H-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Universidade de São Paulo ( USP ) -Unesp, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche ( CNR ), UMR 7194 du CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, Università degli Studi di Ferrara, Ecole française de Rome, Istituto italiano di Paleontologia Umana, CNR, Dipartimento di Biologia Ambientale, Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, Università degli Studi di Torino, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome] (UNIROMA), Universidade de São Paulo = University of São Paulo (USP)-Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho = São Paulo State University (UNESP), Istituto di Geologia Ambientale e Geoingegneria (IGAG), and National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)

Subjects
Marine isotope stage, [ SDU.OCEAN ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, 010506 paleontology, Archeology, Pleistocene, Holocene climatic optimum, ESR on bleached quartz, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Human environment interaction, Ar, 39, ESR/U-series, Latium, Technical analysis, [ SDU.ENVI ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, 40 39 Ar/ Ar, 40Ar/39Ar, technical analysis, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, Global and Planetary Change, Series (stratigraphy), geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Geology, Archaeology, Volcano, Geochronology, Period (geology)
Abstract

Made available in DSpace on 2018-12-11T16:52:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2018-05-01 We have explored the multimethod approach combining 40Ar/39Ar on single crystal, ESR on bleached quartz, and ESR/U-series on teeth to improve the age of four neighbours “Acheulian” sites of the Frosinone Province (Latium, Italy): Fontana Ranuccio, Cava Pompi (Pofi), Isoletta, and Lademagne. Ages obtained by the three methods are in mutual agreement and confirm the potential of dating with confidence Middle Pleistocene sites of Italy using these methods. At Fontana Ranuccio, the 40Ar/39Ar age (408 ± 10 ka, full external error at 2σ) obtained for the archaeological level (unit FR4) and geochemical analyses of glass shards performed on the Unit FR2a layer allow us to attribute the studied volcanic material to the Pozzolane Nere volcanic series, a well-known caldera-forming event originated from the Colli Albani volcanic district. These new data ascribe the Fontana Ranuccio site, as well as the eponym faunal unit, to the climatic optimum of Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 11. Ages obtained for the Cava Pompi, Isoletta, and Lademagne sites cover a relatively short period of time between 408 ka and 375 ka, spanning MIS 11 climatic optimum to the MIS 11–10 transition. Analysis of small collections of lithic industries, bifacial tools, and small cores technologies from Isoletta, Lademagne, and the neighbour site of Ceprano-Campogrande shows common technical strategies for the period comprised between MIS 11 and MIS 9 (410–325 ka), such as the elaboration of flaked elephant bone industries found over the whole Latium region. However, some features found only in the Frosinone province area, like large-sized bifaces, suggest particular regional behaviours. The presence of one Levallois core in the oldest layer of Lademagne (i.e. > 405 ± 9 ka) suggests a punctual practice of this technology, also proposed as early as MIS 10/11 in the neighbour site of Guado San Nicola (Molise) in central Italy. Département Hommes et Environnements Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle UMR 7194 du CNRS, 1 rue René Panhard Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement LSCE/IPSL CEA-CNRS-UVSQ Université Paris-Saclay Sezione di Scienze Preistoriche e Antropologiche Dipartimento di Studi Umanistici Università degli Studi di Ferrara, C.so Ercole d'Este I, 32 Ecole française de Rome, Piazza Farnese Istituto italiano di Paleontologia Umana, Piazza Ruggero Bonghi, 2 Istituto di Geologia Ambientale e Geoingegneria CNR Sapienza Universita di Roma Dipartimento di Biologia Ambientale, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5 Universidade Federal do Paraná Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) Instituto de Geociências e Ciências Exatas Sapienza Università di Roma Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5 Dipartimento di chimica Università degli Studi di Torino Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) Instituto de Geociências e Ciências Exatas

Published
2018

15. Stratigraphy, sedimentology, and archaeology of Middle Pleistocene localities near Ceprano, Campogrande area, Italy.

Author

Biddittu, Italo, Moncel, Marie-Hélène, Milli, Salvatore, Bellucci, Luca, Ruffo, Massimo, Saracino, Barbara, and Manzi, Giorgio

Subjects
*STRATIGRAPHIC geology, *FOSSIL hominids, *SEDIMENTOLOGY, *ANTIQUITIES, *ARCHAEOLOGICAL geology, *OXYGEN isotopes
Abstract

The Ceprano human calvarium, dated around 400,000 yr, is a well-known fossil specimen. It represents significant evidence of hominin presence in the Italian peninsula during the Middle Pleistocene and may be considered representative of an archaic variant of the widespread and polymorphic species Homo heidelbergensis. Since its discovery (March 1994), systematic surveys in the Campogrande area near Ceprano, central Italy, identified 12 localities (CG1-12) with archaeological and/or paleontological assemblages. On this basis, fieldwork was carried out at Campogrande between 2001 and 2006, including drilled cores and excavations, allowing a detailed description of the stratigraphic and paleoenvironmental context associated with the human fossil specimen and the archaeological materials. In the present paper we focus on the stratigraphy and sedimentological features of the uppermost deposits, coupled with a detailed appraisal of the available lithic assemblages that mostly belongs to overlying sediments (CG9 and CG10 localities). We conclude that the Ceprano hominin died in a floodplain environment with a low topographic gradient, where a fluvial meandering channel occurred. The archaeological materials describe a network of sites that document common behavioural features of human groups of the mid-to-late Middle Pleistocene, representing evidence of the regionalization observed across Europe after Marine Oxygen Isotope Stage 12. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
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16. Digital reconstruction of the Ceprano calvarium (Italy), and implications for its interpretation

Author

Di Vincenzo, Fabio, primary, Profico, Antonio, additional, Bernardini, Federico, additional, Cerroni, Vittorio, additional, Dreossi, Diego, additional, Schlager, Stefan, additional, Zaio, Paola, additional, Benazzi, Stefano, additional, Biddittu, Italo, additional, Rubini, Mauro, additional, Tuniz, Claudio, additional, and Manzi, Giorgio, additional

Published
2017
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17. The new chronology of the Ceprano calvarium (Italy)

Author

Manzi, Giorgio, primary, Magri, Donatella, additional, Milli, Salvatore, additional, Palombo, Maria Rita, additional, Margari, Vasiliki, additional, Celiberti, Vincenzo, additional, Barbieri, Mario, additional, Barbieri, Maurizio, additional, Melis, Rita T., additional, Rubini, Mauro, additional, Ruffo, Massimo, additional, Saracino, Barbara, additional, Tzedakis, Polychronis C., additional, Zarattini, Annalisa, additional, and Biddittu, Italo, additional

Published
2010
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19. Digital reconstruction of the Ceprano calvarium (Italy), and implications for its interpretation

Author

Giorgio Manzi, Diego Dreossi, Claudio Tuniz, Federico Bernardini, Stefan Schlager, Stefano Benazzi, Vittorio Cerroni, Antonio Profico, Mauro Rubini, Paola Zaio, Italo Biddittu, Fabio Di Vincenzo, Di Vincenzo, Fabio, Profico, Antonio, Bernardini, Federico, Cerroni, Vittorio, Dreossi, Diego, Schlager, Stefan, Zaio, Paola, Benazzi, Stefano, Biddittu, Italo, Rubini, Mauro, Tuniz, Claudio, and Manzi, Giorgio

Subjects
Settore L-ANT/01 - Preistoria e Protostoria, 010506 paleontology, Taphonomy, Pleistocene, Digital reconstruction, Science, 01 natural sciences, Article, Paleontology, Occipital squama, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Animals, Humans, 0601 history and archaeology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Geometric Morphometrics, 060101 anthropology, Multidisciplinary, Fossils, Skull, Middle Pleistocene: Human fossil record, Hominidae, 06 humanities and the arts, Biological evolution, Biological Evolution, Italy, Ceprano: Digital Reconstruction, multidisciplinary, middle pleistocene, human fossil record, Ceprano, digital reconstruction, geometric morphometrics, Medicine, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Geology
Abstract

The Ceprano calvarium was discovered in fragments on March 1994 near the town of Ceprano in southern Latium (Italy), embedded in Middle Pleistocene layers. After reconstruction, its morphological features suggests that the specimen belongs to an archaic variant of H. heidelbergensis, representing a proxy for the last common ancestor of the diverging clades that respectively led to H. neanderthalensis and H. sapiens. Unfortunately, the calvarium was taphonomically damaged. The postero-lateral vault, in particular, appears deformed and this postmortem damage may have influenced previous interpretations. Specifically, there is a depression on the fragmented left parietal, while the right cranial wall is warped and angulated. This deformation affected the shape of the occipital squama, producing an inclination of the transverse occipital torus. In this paper, after X-ray microtomography (μCT) of both the calvarium and several additional fragments, we analyze consistency and pattern of the taphonomic deformation that affected the specimen, before the computer-assisted retrodeformation has been performed; this has also provided the opportunity to reappraise early attempts at restoration. As a result, we offer a revised interpretation for the Ceprano calvarium’s original shape, now free from the previous uncertainties, along with insight for its complex depositional and taphonomic history.

Published
2017

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