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We propose a two-step procedure for atomic decomposition of multichannel EEGs, based upon multivariate matching pursuit and dipolar inverse solution, from which atoms representing relevant EEG structures are selected according to prior knowledge. We detect sleep spindles in 147 polysomnographic recordings from the Montreal Archive of Sleep Studies. Detection is compared with human scorers and two state-of-the-art algorithms, which find only about a third of the structures conforming to the definition of sleep spindles and detected by the proposed method. We provide arguments supporting the thesis that the previously undetectable sleep spindles share the same properties as those marked by human experts and previously applied methods, and were previously omitted only because of unfavorable local signal-to-noise ratios, obscuring their visibility to both human experts and algorithms replicating their markings. All detected EEG structures are automatically parametrized by their time and frequency centers, width duration, phase, and spatial location of an equivalent dipolar source within the brain. It allowed us, for the first time, to estimate the spatial gradient of sleep spindles frequencies, which not only confirmed quantitatively the well-known prevalence of higher frequencies in posterior regions, but also revealed a significant gradient in the sagittal plane. The software used in this study is freely available.

Actigraphy is a well-known, inexpensive method to investigate human movement patterns. Sleep and circadian rhythm studies are among the most popular applications of actigraphy. In this study, we investigate seven common sleep-wake scoring algorithms designed for actigraphic data, namely Cole-Kripke algorithm, two versions of Sadeh algorithm, Sazonov algorithm, Webster algorithm, UCSD algorithm and Scripps Clinic algorithm. We propose a unified mathematical framework describing five of them. One of the observed novelties is that five of these algorithms are in fact equivalent to low-pass FIR filters with very similar characteristics. We also provide explanations about the role of some factors defining these algorithms, as none were given by their Authors who followed empirical procedures. Proposed framework provides a robust mathematical description of discussed algorithms, which for the first time allows one to fully understand their operation and basics.

The decision of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) to use armed force to end the Kosovo crisis has caused much emotion and controversy in Poland. There was much public interest in the Balkans during the 1999 NATO bombing. Polish support for NATO intervention was high, but the extension of the bombing had resulted in a decrease in the percentage of its supporters. Half of the Poles approved the action, mainly those with right-wing or center-right views. Slightly less were opposed. The left-wing followers did not generally support the intervention. The events in the Balkans were regularly followed in Poland. The possible scenarios for the Kosovo situation, as well as the consequences of the war were considered, both in the context of humanitarian crisis and of Yugoslav history and identity. NATO’s war against Yugoslavia has become the subject of numerous Polish publications. The media presented as different opinions on the NATO’s intervention as political forces. Some of the titles were supportive (eg. „Gazeta Wyborcza“) and some were extremely critical. Among the opponents to the intervention were the titles closely associated with radical political groups, from both left and right of the political spectrum: „Trybuna“, „NIE“, „Dziś“, „Myśl Polska“, „Nasza Polska“ oraz „Nasz Dziennik“. Only a few managed to maintain a balanced attitude towards the activities of the Alliance in Balkans (eg. „Polityka“). Remembrance and reflection on the events that happened in 1999 in Yugoslavia are kept alive in Poland.

Biegański Piotr, Tudorowska Malwina. Wybrane aspekty komunikacji terapeutycznej w kontekście kontaktu z pacjentem chorym psychicznie = Selected aspects of communication in the context of therapeutic contact with the patient mentally ill. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2016;6(9):442-450. eISSN 2391-8306. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.153864 http://ojs.ukw.edu.pl/index.php/johs/article/view/3855 The journal has had 7 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education parametric evaluation. Part B item 755 (23.12.2015). 755 Journal of Education, Health and Sport eISSN 2391-8306 7 © The Author (s) 2016; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 05.08.2016. Revised 25.08.2016. Accepted: 06.09.2016. Wybrane aspekty komunikacji terapeutycznej w kontekście kontaktu z pacjentem chorym psychicznie Selected aspects of communication in the context of therapeutic contact with the patient mentally ill mgr Piotr Biegański Katedra Higieny, Epidemiologii i Ergonomii Zakład Ergonomii i Fizjologii Wysiłku Fizycznego Collegium Medicum w Bydgoszczy im. Ludwika Rydygiera w Bydgoszczy UMK w Toruniu 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Curie Skłodowskiej 9 tel. (52) 585-36-15 e-mail: piotr.pawel.bieganski@gmail.com mgr Malwina Tudorowska Katedra Pielęgniarstwa Zachowawczego Zakład Pielęgniarstwa Psychiatrycznego Collegium Medicum w Bydgoszczy im. Ludwika Rydygiera w Bydgoszczy UMK w Toruniu 85-821 Bydgoszcz, ul. Łukasiewicza 1 tel.: (52) 585-58-22/fax.: (52) 585-58-49 e-mail: malwina.tudorowska@gmail.com Streszczenie: Komunikacja terapeutyczna jako część procesu porozumiewania się pomiędzy pacjentem a personelem medycznym jest istotnym elementem leczenia począwszy od diagnozy. Celem całego procesu jest wzmocnienie sfery psychicznej ze względu na różnorodność przebiegu choroby. Wsparcie terapeuty poprzez odpowiednie komunikowanie się nie jest procesem psychoterapeutycznym a reakcją na stan chorobowy pacjenta i jego sytuację życiową. Czynnikami wzmacniającymi tego typu komunikację są nawiązanie dobrych relacji oraz wprowadzenie interwencji terapeutycznych. Porozumiewanie się z pacjentem chorym psychicznie wymaga szczególnego zaangażowania poprzez otwartość, zrozumienie, akceptację. Należy minimalizować bariery wynikające z uwarunkowań fizycznych, społecznych tak aby budować zaufanie pacjenta tak aby proces komunikacji był jak najbardziej efektywny. Słowa kluczowe: komunikacja, komunikacja terapeutyczna, choroba psychiczna Abstrakt: Therapeutic communication as part of the process of communication between the patient and the medical staff is an important element of treatment from diagnosis. The aim of the whole process is to strengthen the psychiatric due to the variety of the disease. Support therapist through appropriate communication is not a psychotherapeutic method but a reaction to the condition of the patient and his life situation. Factors reinforcing this type of communication is to establish good relations and the introduction of therapeutic interventions. Communication with the patient mentally ill requires special commitment through openness, understanding, acceptance. We should minimize the barriers stemming from the conditions of physical, social, in order to build the confidence of the patient so that the process of communication as effective as possible. Key words: communication, therapeutic communication, mental illness

Perkowski Radosław, Androsiuk Joanna, Kujawska Agnieszka, Gajos Małgorzata, Kasperska Paulina, Topka Weronika, Mądra-Gackowska Katarzyna, Romanowska Ewelina, Płusa Sylwia, Aleksiewicz Tomasz, Kożuchowski Marcin, Biegański Piotr, Główczewska-Siedlecka Emilia. Correlation of tests used in Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment. Systematic Review. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2016;6(7):207-217. eISSN 2391-8306. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.57337 http://ojs.ukw.edu.pl/index.php/johs/article/view/3686 The journal has had 7 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education parametric evaluation. Part B item 755 (23.12.2015). 755 Journal of Education, Health and Sport eISSN 2391-8306 7 © The Author (s) 2016; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 15.06.2016. Revised 09.07.2016. Accepted: 09.07.2016. Correlation of tests used in Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment. Systematic Review Radosław Perkowski1, Joanna Androsiuk1, Agnieszka Kujawska1, Małgorzata Gajos1, Paulina Kasperska1, Weronika Topka1, Katarzyna Mądra-Gackowska1, Ewelina Romanowska1, Sylwia Płusa1, Tomasz Aleksiewicz1, Marcin Kożuchowski1, Piotr Biegański2, Emilia Główczewska-Siedlecka1 1. Katedra i Klinika Geriatrii, Wydział Nauk o Zdrowiu, Collegium Medicum UMK w Bydgoszczy 2. Katedra Higieny, Epidemiologii i Ergonomii, Zakład Ergonomii i Fizjologii Wysiłku Fizycznego Abstract Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment (CGA) has been used in clinics for almost 100 years. It includes holistic approach to patients examination. In this systematic review we analyzed results of tests used in CGA and correlation of results. Moreover, we underlined some issues concerning homogeneity of tests used in CGA as well as scientific validity of some of its tools. Results of prospective studies show that some of results of examination used in CGA are good predictors of functioning in another health domain in next years. Systolic blood pressure as well as BMI could be good predictors for neuropsychological functioning, however results are equivocal. Low scores in dual task (walking and cognitive engaging task simultaneously) are good predictor for falls occurrence. Education measured by socioeconomic status is very often mentioned as one of the best predictors of cognitive functioning. Undergoing Mini Nutritional Assessment by patients could be an effective tool to improve their nutrition status, possibly by indirectly influencing on their diet habits. Moreover, genotype examination could be worth to include into CGA due to, inter alia, examination of possible causes of dietary deficits. Aerobic examination could be done by cost-free tests, which sensitivity and specify are on tolerable level. It could help lowering CGA costs, which will help make it widely available for patients. Keywords: Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment, cognitive functioning, older people.

Biegański Piotr, Polewska Emilia. Rehabilitacja - od starożytności do współczesności = Rehabilitation from antiquity to modernity. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2015;5(9):363-374. ISSN 2391-8306. DOI10.5281/zenodo.30936 http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.30936 http://ojs.ukw.edu.pl/index.php/johs/article/view/2015%3B5%289%29%3A363-374 https://pbn.nauka.gov.pl/works/624273 Formerly Journal of Health Sciences. ISSN 1429-9623 / 2300-665X. Archives 2011–2014http://journal.rsw.edu.pl/index.php/JHS/issue/archive Deklaracja. Specyfika i zawartość merytoryczna czasopisma nie ulega zmianie. Zgodnie z informacją MNiSW z dnia 2 czerwca 2014 r., że w roku 2014 nie będzie przeprowadzana ocena czasopism naukowych; czasopismo o zmienionym tytule otrzymuje tyle samo punktów co na wykazie czasopism naukowych z dnia 31 grudnia 2014 r. The journal has had 5 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education of Poland parametric evaluation. Part B item 1089. (31.12.2014). © The Author (s) 2015; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, Poland and Radom University in Radom, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 25.08.2015. Revised 05.09.2015. Accepted: 12.09.2015. Rehabilitacja - od starożytności do współczesności Rehabilitation from antiquity to modernity Piotr Biegański, Emilia Polewska 1. Katedra Higieny, Epidemiologii i Ergonomii, Zakład Ergonomii i Wysiłku Fizycznego Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Ergonomics, Division of Ergonomics and Physical Effort Collegium Medicum UMK w Bydgoszczy Collegium Medicum UMK in Bydgoszcz Adres: M. Curie Skłodowskiej 9, 85-094 Bydgoszcz tel. (52) 585 36 15, e-mail: kizhigieny@cm.umk.pl 2. Ośrodek Szkolno-Wychowawczy nr 1 im. Louisa Braille'a Educational Center No. 1 Louis Braille Adres: Z. Krasickiego 1, 85-008 Bydgoszcz tel. (52) 322-17-87, e-mail: louis@braille.bydgoszcz.pl Streszczenie Pierwsze wzmianki dotyczące rehabilitacji sięgają czasów Chińskiego cesarza Hoong - Ti - 3 tys. lat p.n.e. Formy wykorzystywane w późniejszych latach jak leczenie światłem, ciepłem, wodą czy bodźcami manualnymi stanowią podwaliny dzisiejszej pracy z ciałem prowadzonej przez fizjoterapeutów. Wraz z rozwojem ludzkości wiedza na temat ciała i jego funkcjonowania zwiększała się aż do gwałtownego rozwoju rehabilitacji w wieku XX poprzez utworzenie usystematyzowanego systemu kształcenia, prowadzenia badań naukowych, powstanie metod usprawniania pacjentów. Summary The first mention of rehabilitation dates back to the Chinese emperor Hoong - Ti - 3 thousand years BC. Forms used in later years as the treatment of light, heat, water or manual work are the cornerstones of today's manual body work carried out by physiotherapists. With the development of human knowledge about the body and functions increased until the rapid development of rehabilitation in the XX century through the creation of a structured system of education, research, the creation of treatment therapy. Słowa kluczowe: historia rehabilitacji, rehabilitacja.Key word: history of rehabilitation, rehabilitation.

Biegański Piotr, Polewska Emilia. Choroba zwyrodnieniowa stawów biodrowych - pacjent i problemy funkcjonalne = The hip joint Osteoarthritis - patient and functional problems. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2015;5(8):47-54. ISSN 2391-8306. DOI 10.5281/zenodo.22712 http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22712 https://pbn.nauka.gov.pl/works/601167 POL-index https://pbn.nauka.gov.pl/polindex/browse/article/article-01c9794e-b556-40d1-9b28-c0f034a1d1e6 http://ojs.ukw.edu.pl/index.php/johs/article/view/2015%3B5%288%29%3A47-54 Formerly Journal of Health Sciences. ISSN 1429-9623 / 2300-665X. Archives 2011–2014 http://journal.rsw.edu.pl/index.php/JHS/issue/archive Deklaracja. Specyfika i zawartość merytoryczna czasopisma nie ulega zmianie. Zgodnie z informacją MNiSW z dnia 2 czerwca 2014 r., że w roku 2014 nie będzie przeprowadzana ocena czasopism naukowych; czasopismo o zmienionym tytule otrzymuje tyle samo punktów co na wykazie czasopism naukowych z dnia 31 grudnia 2014 r. The journal has had 5 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education of Poland parametric evaluation. Part B item 1089. (31.12.2014). © The Author (s) 2015; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, Poland and Radom University in Radom, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 20.06.2015. Revised 15.07.2015. Accepted: 25.07.2015. Choroba zwyrodnieniowa stawów biodrowych - pacjent i problemy funkcjonalne The hip joint Osteoarthritis - patient and functional problems mgr Piotr Biegański1, mgr Emilia Polewska2 1. Katedra Higieny, Epidemiologii i Ergonomii, Zakład Ergonomii i Wysiłku Fizycznego Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Ergonomics, Division of Ergonomics and Physical Effort Collegium Medicum UMK w Bydgoszczy Collegium Medicum UMK in Bydgoszcz Adres: M. Curie Skłodowskiej 9, 85-094 Bydgoszcz tel. (52) 585 36 15, e-mail: kizhigieny@cm.umk.pl 2. Ośrodek Szkolno-Wychowawczy nr 1 im. Louisa Braille'a Educational Center No. 1 Louis Braille Adres: Z. Krasickiego 1, 85-008 Bydgoszcz tel. (52) 322-17-87, e-mail: louis@braille.bydgoszcz.pl Streszczenie Coxarthrosis to przewlekłe schorzenie powodujące destrukcje w obrębie stawu biodrowego i tkanek okołostawowych. Choroba zwyrodnieniowa stawów jest jednym z najczęściej spotykanych schorzeń ortopedycznych i drugim po chorobach układu krążenia powodujące niepełnosprawność. Pacjenci najczęściej borykają się z bólem i sztywnością, które wpływają na spadek możliwości lokomocji, samoobsługi i jakości życia. Stanowi to wyzwanie dla zespołu medycznego, który ma zadanie utrzymywać sprawność pacjenta jak najdłużej. Abstract Coxarthrosis is a chronic illness which makes destruction in the area of joint and tissues surrounding it. The hip joint Osteoarthritis is one of the most popular orthopaedic disease and second after cardiovascular disease causing disability. Patients generally feel pain and stiffness which causes decrease the possibility of locomotion, self-servive and quality of life. It is challenge for medical team to maintain efficiency as long as it is possible. Słowa kluczowe: coxarthrosis, choroba zwyrodnieniowa stawu biodrowego, ból, problemy funkcjonalne. Key word: coxarthrosis, hip joint osteoarthrosis, pain, functional problems.

Copyright of Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism is the property of Termedia Publishing House and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In the paper, the photoluminescence (PL) measurements, current-voltage-temperature (I-V-T) measurements, space charge techniques (C-V and deep level transient spectroscopy (DLTS)), and photocurrent spectral characteristics have been applied to investigate defects in p-Si/MgO/ n-Zn1-xMgxO heterojunction (HJ). The HJ structure was grown on p-type Si (111) substrate with resistivity equal to 0.1 Ω cm by the plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy technique. A radiofrequency cell was used for the generation of oxygen plasma. PL spectrum let us determine the Mg content ~10%. Besides the excitonic Zn0.9Mg0.1O line, the PL spectrum also contains green and yellow emission bands indicating the presence of defect states in the investigated structures. I-V measurements reveal the rectifying properties of the HJ and the current thermally activated with a trap with the activation energy equal to 0.42 eV. DLTS studies yield the majority trap of the activation energy 0.42 eV, confirming the result obtained from the I-V measurements. It was found that the defects related to this trap have a point like behaviour. A spectral characteristic of the photocurrent shows that the p-Si/MgO/n-Zn1-xMgxO HJ may be applied as a photodiode operating within the wavelength range of 300 nm-1100 nm. The dark current transport and photocurrent spectrum were explained using the Anderson model of a HJ. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Gold nanoparticle array on pretreated glass substrates was fabricated by chemical surface growth from the AuCl3, CH2O and Na2CO3 components in aqueous solutions mixture. Transmission, absorption and reflectivity spectra were measured with an UV-Vis spectrophotometer. A change in plasmon maximum absorption position depending on the growth conditions was investigated. The surface morphology was studied by atomic force microscopy. The statistical analysis of the heights, particles diameter and image cross-sections was carried out by scanning probe microscopy methods and the Au NPs size dependence on the growth time was experimentally determined. The results of this paper will contribute to the optimization of plasmonic CdS/CdTe solar cell. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]