Search

INTRODUCTION Primary care big data refers to routinely collected anonymized general practitioner (GP) electronic health records that form large and complex longitudinal databases, often with hundreds of variables at an [...], The use of big data containing millions of primary care medical records provides an opportunity for rapid research to help inform patient care and policy decisions during the first and subsequent waves of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Routinely collected primary care data have previously been used for national pandemic surveillance, quantifying associations between exposures and outcomes, identifying high risk populations, and examining the effects of interventions at scale, but there is no consensus on how to effectively conduct or report these data for COVID-19 research. A COVID-19 primary care database consortium was established in April 2020 and its researchers have ongoing COVID-19 projects in overlapping data sets with over 40 million primary care records in the United Kingdom that are variously linked to public health, secondary care, and vital status records. This consensus agreement is aimed at facilitating transparency and rigor in methodological approaches, and consistency in defining and reporting cases, exposures, confounders, stratification variables, and outcomes in relation to the pharmacoepidemiology of COVID-19. This will facilitate comparison, validation, and meta-analyses of research during and after the pandemic. Key words: big data; coronavirus; epidemiology; primary health care

Author(s): Daniel Shu Wei Ting [sup.1] , Lawrence Carin [sup.2] , Victor Dzau [sup.2] [sup.3] , Tien Y. Wong [sup.1] Author Affiliations: (1) Singapore Health Service (SingHealth), Duke-NUS Medical School, [...], The past decade has allowed the development of a multitude of digital tools. Now they can be used to remediate the COVID-19 outbreak.

Author(s): Muin J. Khoury 1,*, Gregory L. Armstrong 2, Rebecca E. Bunnell 3, Juliana Cyril 4, Michael F. Iademarco 5 Summary points The field of precision public health (PPH) has [...]

Introduction The delivery of health care is a complex endeavour at both individual and population levels. At the clinical level, the tailored provision of care to individuals is guided, in [...], Over the last decade, a massive increase in data collection and analysis has occurred in many fields. In the health sector, however, there has been relatively little progress in data analysis and application despite a rapid rise in data production. Given adequate governance, improvements in the quality, quantity, storage and analysis of health data could lead to substantial improvements in many health outcomes. In low-and middle-income countries in particular, the creation of an information feedback mechanism can move health-care delivery towards results-based practice and improve the effective use of scarce resources. We review the evolving definition of big data and the possible advantages of--and problems in--using such data to improve health-care delivery in low- and middle-income countries. The collection of big data as mobile-phone based services improve may mean that development phases required elsewhere can be skipped. However, poor infrastructure may prevent interoperability and the safe use of patient data. An appropriate governance framework must be developed and enforced to protect individuals and ensure that health-care delivery is tailored to the characteristics and values of the target communities. [TEXT NOT REPRODUCIBLE IN ASCII] [TEXT NOT REPRODUCIBLE IN ASCII] Au cours de la derniere decennie, une augmentation massive de la collecte et de l&apos;analyse des donnees s&apos;est produlte dans de nombreux domalnes. Dans le secteur de la sante, cependant, !I y a eu relativement peu de progres en matiere d&apos;analyse et d&apos;application des donnees malgre une hausse rapide de la production des donnees. Grace a une gouvernance adequate, les amellorations en matiere de qualite, de quantite, de stockage et d&apos;analyse des donnees de sante pourraient se traduire en des ameliorations substantielles pour de nombreux resultats cliniques. Dans les pays a revenu faible et intermediaire en particulier, la creation d&apos;un mecanisme de retour d&apos;information peut faire evoluer la prestation des soins de sante vers une pratique axee sur les resultats et ameliorer l&apos;utilisation efficace des ressources limitees. Nous examinons l&apos;evolution de la definition des megadonnees (<< big data >>) et les avantages--et les problemes--possibles de l&apos;utilisation de ces donnees pour ameliorer la prestation des soins de sante dans les pays a revenu faible et intermediaire. Alors que les services bases sur la telephonie mobile s&apos;ameliorent, la collection des megadonnees peut signifier que les phases de developpement requises ailleurs peuvent etre omises. Cependant, une infrastructure faible peut empecher l&apos;interoperabilite et l&apos;utilisation en toute securite des donnees du patient. Un cadre de gouvernance approprie doit etre developpe et applique pour proteger les individus et assurer que la prestation des soins de sante est adaptee aux caracteristiques et aux valeurs des communautes cibles. [TEXT NOT REPRODUCIBLE IN ASCII] En la ultima decada, la recoleccion y analisis de datos ha aumentado enormemente en muchos campos. Sin embargo, en el sector de la sanidad ha habido relativamente pocos avances en el analisis y la aplicacion de datos, a pesar de un aumento rapido en la generacion de datos. Con una gestion adecuada, las mejoras en la calidad, cantidad, almacenamiento y analisis de datos de salud podrian conducir a mejoras considerables en muchos de los resultados sanitarios. En los paises de ingresos bajos y medios en particular, la creacion de un mecanismo de retroalimentacion de informacion puede impulsar la prestacion de servicios sanitarios hacia la practica basada en resultados y mejorar el uso eficaz de los recursos escasos. Se reviso la definicion cambiante de los grandes volumenes de datos y las posibles ventajas--y problemas--de utilizar dichos datos para mejorar la prestacion de servicios sanitarios en paises de ingresos bajos y medios. La recogida de grandes volumenes de datos a medida que mejoran los servicios basados en la telefonia movil podria permitir la omision de las fases de desarrollo requeridas en otros lugares. Sin embargo, una infraestructura deficiente puede impedir la interoperabilidad y el uso seguro de los datos del paciente. Es necesario desarrollar y aplicar un marco de gestion adecuado para proteger a las personas y garantizar que la prestacion de servicios sanitarios se adapta a las caracteristicas y los valores de las comunidades destinatarias.

Author(s): Rebecca C. Fitzgerald [sup.1] Author Affiliations: (1) Professor of Cancer Prevention and Cambridge Lead for Cancer Research UK International Alliance for Cancer Early Detection (ACED), MRC Cancer Unit, University [...], Among the many promises of big data, one of the most exciting could be the potential to unlock the detection of cancer before advanced malignancy ensures, which means opening up a whole new understanding of the disease.

Author Affiliations: There has been an explosion of healthcare-related data in the past decade. With the digitalization of medical records, increasing affordability of molecular testing, advent of medical informatics and [...], Large-scale multi-modal information on patients&apos; health is ever increasing, providing an opportunity to use big data for taking individualized medicine to a global scale.

Author(s): Xiling Shen [sup.1] Author Affiliations: (1) Department of Biomedical Engineering, Woo Center for Big Data and Precision Health, Duke University, Durham, USA My mother wanted me to be a [...], Xiling Shen is the Hawkins Family Associate Professor of Biomedical Engineering and director of the Woo Center for Big Data and Precision Health at Duke University. He is a National Science Foundation early-career awardee, chair of the National Cancer Institute&apos;s Patient-Derived Models of Cancer consortium and an Israeli faculty fellow.