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The present work is an attempt to optimize the proportion of H-ZSM-5 and Al-MCM-41 in the catalyst mixtures for lignocellulose biomass catalytic pyrolysis. The H-ZSM-5 proportions of 50.0, 66.7, 75.0, and 87.5 wt.% were examined for the upgrading of biomass pyrolysis vapors in the fixed bed reactor. The catalyst mixture of 87.5 wt.% H-ZSM-5 and 12.5 wt.% Al-MCM-41 was found most effective in this study, giving a 65.75% deoxygenation degree. An organic-rich bio-oil was obtained with 74.90 wt.% of carbon content, 8 wt.% of hydrogen content, 15 wt.% oxygen content, a 0.39 wt.% water content, and a high heating value of 34.15 MJ/kg. The highest amount of desirable compounds among the studied catalytic experiments, which include hydrocarbons, phenols, furans, and alcohols, was obtained with a value of 95.89%. A significant improvement in the quality of bio-oil with the utilization of H-ZSM-5 and Al-MCM-41 catalyst mixtures was the rise of desirable compounds in bio-oil. QC 20210315

Biomass is one of the renewable energy sources of increasing importance. Biomass is believed to be CO2 neutral. The reason for that is the fact that CO2 emitted from combustion of biomass can be reabsorbed by the next generation of plants, and used for their growth. Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC), also called wet torrefaction, is a thermal valorization process, typically performed at 200 °C up to 260 °C, in subcritical water under saturation pressure [1]. Hydrothermal carbonization is also capable of removing a part of inorganic fraction of the biomass [1]–[3]. In general, there are some indications, that thermal valorization of biomass could enhance its properties, with respect to its subsequent pyrolysis [4].