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RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FETAL SEX AND THE EXPRESSION LEVELS OF MICRORNAS IN HEALTHY PREGNANCIES Objective: Differences in microRNA (miRNA) expression in maternal blood and placenta can help us further understand maternal and fetal biology and physiology. Fetal sex differences in miRNA expression are a result of both hormonal and genetic differences between the sexes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between the expression levels of miRNA-21-3p, miRNA-155-5p, miRNA-518b and miR-16-5p and fetal sex. Materials and Methods: This study was carried out at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Istanbul Medeniyet University, Goztepe Research and Training Hospital. Twenty-one healthy pregnant women, who were having their pregnancy care through outpatient setting between November 2017 and March 2018, were included in the study. Maternal peripheral blood samples were obtained from the same healthy pregnant females at 29 weeks of gestation (Group 1) and at 37 weeks of gestation (Group 2). The maternal blood leucocyte levels of miRNAs ( miRNA-21-3p, miRNA-155-5p, miRNA-518b and miR-16-5p were analyzed using SYBR-Green real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The expression levels of miRNAs between groups and fetal sexes were analyzed statistically. Results: There were no significant differences in clinical and laboratory characteristics between fetal sex in Group 1 and Group 2 (p> 0,05). There was a significant increase in the expression levels of miR-16-5p (p=0,01) in pregnant women with female offspring, compared to the pregnant with male offspring at 29 weeks of gestation. There were significant increases in the expression levels of miR-21-3p (p=0,02), miR-155-5p (p=0,08), miR-518b (p=0,02) in pregnant women with male offspring, compared to the pregnant with female offspring at 37 weeks of gestation . Conclusion: For the first time, in this study were shown to have differential expression levels of maternal blood leukocyte miRNAs between the fetal sexes at the beginning and end of the third trimester.

WOS: 000478208700001, PubMed ID: 31321910, Background Severe congenital neutropenia is a rare disease, and autosomal dominantly inherited ELANE mutation is the most frequently observed genetic defect in the registries from North America and Western Europe. However, in eastern countries where consanguineous marriages are common, autosomal recessive forms might be more frequent. Method Two hundred and sixteen patients with severe congenital neutropenia from 28 different pediatric centers in Turkey were registered. Results The most frequently observed mutation was HAX1 mutation (n = 78, 36.1%). A heterozygous ELANE mutation was detected in 29 patients (13.4%) in our cohort. Biallelic mutations of G6PC3 (n = 9, 4.3%), CSF3R (n = 6, 2.9%), and JAGN1 (n = 2, 1%) were also observed. Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor treatment was given to 174 patients (80.6%). Two patients died with infectious complications, and five patients developed myelodysplastic syndrome/acute myeloblastic leukemia. The mean (+/- mean standard error) follow-up period was 129.7 +/- 76.3 months, and overall survival was 96.8% (CI, 94.4-99.1%) at the age of 15 years. In Turkey, severe congenital neutropenia mostly resulted from the p W44X mutation in the HAX1 gene. Conclusion In Turkey, mutation analysis should be started with HAX1, and if this is negative, ELANE and G6PC3 should be checked. Because of the very high percentage of consanguineous marriage, rare mutations should be tested in patients with a negative mutation screen., Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK)Turkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Arastirma Kurumu (TUBITAK); Turkish Pediatric Hematology Association, This study was supported by Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) and the Turkish Pediatric Hematology Association.

Amaç: Yardımla üreme tedavileri sırasında, insan preimplantasyon embriyoları genellikle in vitro kültür ortamı, hasta yaşı, ovarian stimülasyon protokolleri ve gametlere bağlı nedenlerle gelişimin çeşitli aşamalarında duraklayabilmektedir. Gelişimsel duraklamanın (arrest) gözlendiği çiftlerde normal gelişim gösteren diğer embriyoların transfer edilmesinden sonra implantasyon başarısızlığı ve düşük gözlenebilmektedir. Diğer yandan, embriyonik arrestin altında yatan nedenler kesin olarak açıklanabilmiş değildir. Bu çalışmada amacımız, erken dönem embriyonik arrestin yardımla üreme teknikleri başarısı üzerine etkisinin araştırılmasıdır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu retrospektif çalışma kapsamında, 2010 ve 2018 yılları arasında yardımla üreme tedavisi gören ve ovulatuvar faktör, tubal faktör, endometriozis, açıklanamayan infertilite, ve erkek faktörü tanısı konulmuş olan 620 infertil çiftin intrasitoplazmik sperm enjeksiyonu-embriyo transferi (ICSI-ET) siklusu değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışma grupları, embriyonik arrest gözlenen hastalar ve tüm embriyoları duraklamadan normal hızda gelişim gösteren (kontrol) hastalardan oluşmaktadır. Çalışma datası, tek-yönlü değişken analizi (ANOVA) ve Ki-kare testi kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Bulgular: Çalışma toplumunda, kullanılan ilaç dozu, oosit sayısı, fertilizasyon oranı, iyi kaliteli (GI) ve düşük kaliteli (GIII) embriyo oranları anlamlı olarak arrest yönünde artmışken, gebelik oranlarının azaldığı (p, Objective: During assisted reproductive treatments, human preimplantation embryo’s development can sometimes may stop cleavage at various stages due to in vitro culture media, patient age, ovarian stimulation protocols, and gametes. Implantation failure and abortion can be observed after the transfer of other embryos, which have normal development, in couples with developmental arrest. On the other hand, the underlying causes of embryonic arrest cannot be explained clearly. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of early embryonic arrest on the success of assisted reproductive techniques. Materials and Methods: In this retrospective study of intracytoplasmic sperm injection-embryo transfer (ICSI-ET), the cycle of 620 infertile couples diagnosed with ovulatory factor, tubal factor, endometriosis, unexplained infertility, and male factor between 2010 and 2018 were evaluated. The study groups consisted of patients with embryonic arrest and control patients whose embryos developed at normal speed without interruption. The study data was analyzed using the uni-directional variable analysis (ANOVA) and the Chi-square test. Results: In the study population, the drug dose, oocyte count, fertilization rate, and high and low grade embryo ratios were increased in the direction of arrest. On the one hand, pregnancy rates decreased (p

DOI: 10.26650/IUITFD.416666Objective: Biological samples that are analyzedin reproductive biology are generally rare, difficult to obtain, and anonreplicable group of cells. Furthermore, investigating low numbers of cellsrequires modifications to the routine methods used in genetic analyses. The aimof our study was to improve RNA isolation methods for obtaining a sufficientamount of total RNA from spermatozoa and embryo samples for downstream geneexpression analyses.Materials and Methods: Excess spermatozoasamples (that had been prepared in the scope of assisted reproductiontreatment) were purified of any contaminant cells and then frozen.Preimplantation stage embryos that had not been selected for embryo transferwere frozen in a phosphate-buffered saline–polyvinyl alcohol (PBS–PVA)solution. Modifications were done to obtain the optimal amount of total RNAfrom the spermatozoa and embryos, and subsequently both the quality and thequantity of the total RNA samples were assessed. Because of the selectivedegradation of 28S RNA samples in the spermatozoa, the total RNA quality wasevaluated by gene amplification using quantitative real-time polymerase chainreaction (qRT-PCR) in addition to Bioanalyzer analysis.Results: Following the modifications to theisolation technique, a sufficient quality and quantity of total RNA wereobtained from the spermatozoa and embryo samples, which could be used indownstream gene expression analyses. Furthermore, the amount of cellular totalRNAs was consistent to that reported in previous studies.Conclusion: Results obtained from theseexperiments - conducted as a preliminary work for further transcript profilingstudies - indicate that the modifications used in the RNA isolation techniqueswere effective., DOI: 10.26650/IUITFD.416666Amaç: Üreme biyolojisi araştırmalarındakullanılan örnekler genellikle, zor ulaşılabilir, nadir ve tekrarı olmayanhücre gruplarıdır. Diğer yandan, az sayıda hücre ile çalışıldığından dolayı,genetik analizlerde standart olarak kullanılan yöntemlerde modifikasyonlaraihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. Bu çalışmada amacımız, gen ekspresyonu araştırmalarındakullanılabilecek optimal düzeydeki total RNA’nın elde edilebilmesi amacı ilespermatozoa ve embriyo örneklerinden RNA izolasyon yönteminingeliştirilmesidir. Gereç ve Yöntem: Yardımla üreme tedavisikapsamında kullanılmak amacı ile hazırlanan ve fertilizasyon işlemigerçekleştirildikten sonra geriye kalan spermatozoa örneği diğer kontaminanthücrelerden saflaştırılarak dondurulmuştur. Diğer yandan, embriyo transferindensonra geriye kalan preimplantasyon dönem embriyolar fosfat tamponlu tuz –polivinil alkol (PBS-PVA) karışımı içerisinde dondurularak saklanmıştır.Spermatozoa ve embriyolardan optimal düzeyde total RNA elde edilmesi amacı ileçeşitli optimizasyonlar yapılmıştır. Elde edilen total RNA’lar kaliteleri vemiktarları açısından değerlendirilmiştir. Spermatozoonda 28S ribozomal RNA(rRNA)’nın seçimli olarak degrade olmasından dolayı total RNA kalitesi,Bioanalyzer cihazı ile gerçekleştirilen analize ek olarak gerçek zamanlıkantitatif PCR ile gen amplifikasyonu yapılarak da kontrol edilmiştir.Bulgular: İzolasyonda yapılanuyarlamalardan sonra, takip eden gen ekspresyonu çalışmalarındakullanılabilecek kalitede ve miktarda total RNA elde edilmiştir. Ek olarak,örneklerden elde edilen hücresel total RNA miktarlarının önceki çalışmalar ileuyumlu olduğu belirlenmiştir.Sonuç: Daha sonra yapılması planlanantranskript profilleme araştırmaları için ön bir çalışma olarak gerçekleştirilenbu deneylerin sonucunda elde edilen bulgular, RNA izolasyon protokollerindeyapılan uyarlamaların etkin olduğunu göstermektedir.

Objective Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory condition and is one of the main causes of death worldwide. Macrophages play important roles in the formation of atherosclerotic plaques. Apoptosis is progressively observed while plaques develop, although the precise mechanisms and outcomes of apoptosis in atherosclerosis development and progression are still contradictory. This study was conducted to explore the effects of simvastatin and retinoic acid receptor-related orphan receptor alpha (RORα) ligands on apoptosis in human acute monocytic leukemia (THP-1) macrophage cells. Methods Briefly, the occupancy of RORα in the promoter regions of apoptotic pathway genes was demonstrated in THP-1 cell lines using chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) analysis. In order to modulate RORα activity, THP-1 macrophage cells were treated with specific ligands (CPG52608 and SR1001) and then viability as well as count of THP-1 macrophage cells were analyzed. Results We observed that simvastatin and both RORα ligands had a tendency to decrease THP-1 macrophage cell viability in culture. When compared with non-treated controls, simvastatin significantly decreased cell viability (p=0.04) and cell count (p=0.03). However, this negative effect of simvastatin seemed to be partly prevented by RORα ligands. In addition, bioinformatics analysis of ChIP-on-chip data demonstrated that several genes that are involved in the apoptotic pathway were likely RORα target genes. These genes were involved in the regulation of apoptosis through various pathways. Conclusion In summary, our study suggest that simvastatin-mediated macrophage apoptosis might be modulated by SR1001 administration. However, involvement of RORα in this modulation through potential apoptotic target genes remains elusive.

The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of single and double inseminations on the inflammation of the uterus in mares. Nine mix breed mares with endometrial biopsy scores grade I and IIA, aged 5-15, were used in the study. Two experiments were performed over two estrous cycles: (1) single insemination, (2) double insemination. All mares were used in both insemination group. In the single insemination cycles one insemination was performed 24 h after hCG injection, while in the double insemination cycles two inseminations were carried out 24 h and 48 h after the hCG injection. Endometrial biopsies were collected in both cycles immediately before (=0), and 6, 30 and 54 h after the first insemination. Gene expressions of the inflammatory markers IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, iNOS, SAA, COX-2 and CASP-3 and histopathological alterations of the endometrium were determined. The 6 h expression levels of IL-6 were higher when compared with 30 h and 54 h (P

58th Annual Meeting and Exposition of the American-Society-of-Hematology (ASH) -- DEC 03-06, 2016 -- San Diego, CA, WOS: 000394452701110, Amer Soc Hematol, TUBITAKTurkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Arastirma Kurumu (TUBITAK), Yilmaz Karapinar: TUBITAK: Research Funding.