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1. Characterization of the phonon sensor of the CRYOSEL detector with IR photons

Author

Lattaud, Hugues, Guy, Elsa, Billard, Julien, Colas, Jules, De Jésus, Maryvonne, Gascon, Jules, Juillard, Alexandre, Marnieros, Stefanos, and Oriol, Christine

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

The sensitivities of light Dark Matter (DM) particle searches with cryogenic detectors are mostly limited by large backgrounds of events that do not produce ionization signal. The CRYOSEL project develops a new technique where this background in a germanium cryogenic detector is rejected by using the signals from a Superconducting Single Electron Device (SSED) sensor designed to detect the phonons emitted through the Neganov-Trofimov-Luke effect by the e$^-$h$^+$ pairs as they drift in a close-by very high-field region. A tag on signals from this device should suppress the heat-only background. The measurement of the response to IR laser pulses of the first CRYOSEL prototype show the relevance of such sensor technology., Comment: 9 pages, 3 figures, LTD20

Published
2023
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2. Calorimetric Detection of Dark Matter

Author

Billard, Julien, Pyle, Matt, Rajendran, Surjeet, and Ramani, Harikrishnan

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

Dark matter direct detection experiments are designed to look for the scattering of dark matter particles that are assumed to move with virial velocities $\sim 10^{-3}$. At these velocities, the energy deposition in the detector is large enough to cause ionization/scintillation, forming the primary class of signatures looked for in such experiments. These experiments are blind to a large class of dark matter models where the dark matter has relatively large scattering cross-sections with the standard model, resulting in the dark matter undergoing multiple scattering with the atmosphere and the rock overburden, and thus slowing down considerably before arriving at underground detectors. We propose to search for these kinds of dark matter by looking for the anomalous heating of a well shielded and sensitive calorimeter. In this detector concept, the dark matter is thermalized with the rock overburden but is able to pierce through the thermal shields of the detector causing anomalous heating. Using the technologies under development for EDELWEISS and SuperCDMS, we estimate the sensitivity of such a calorimetric detector. In addition to models with large dark matter - standard model interactions, these detectors also have the ability to probe dark photon dark matter., Comment: 21 pages, 8 figures, 3 tables

Published
2022

3. Direct Detection of Dark Matter -- APPEC Committee Report

Author

Billard, Julien, Boulay, Mark, Cebrián, Susana, Covi, Laura, Fiorillo, Giuliana, Green, Anne, Kopp, Joachim, Majorovits, Béla, Palladino, Kimberly, Petricca, Federica, Roszkowski, Leszek, and Schumann, Marc

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Abstract

This Report provides an extensive review of the experimental programme of direct detection searches of particle dark matter. It focuses mostly on European efforts, both current and planned, but does it within a broader context of a worldwide activity in the field. It aims at identifying the virtues, opportunities and challenges associated with the different experimental approaches and search techniques. It presents scientific and technological synergies, both existing and emerging, with some other areas of particle physics, notably collider and neutrino programmes, and beyond. It addresses the issue of infrastructure in light of the growing needs and challenges of the different experimental searches. Finally, the Report makes a number of recommendations from the perspective of a long-term future of the field. They are introduced, along with some justification, in the opening Overview and Recommendations section and are next summarised at the end of the Report. Overall, we recommend that the direct search for dark matter particle interactions with a detector target should be given top priority in astroparticle physics, and in all particle physics, and beyond, as a positive measurement will provide the most unambiguous confirmation of the particle nature of dark matter in the Universe., Comment: 106 pages

Published
2021
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4. Contact-less phonon detection with massive cryogenic absorbers

Author

Goupy, Johannes, Colas, Jules, Calvo, Martino, Billard, Julien, Camus, Philippe, Germond, Richard, Juillard, Alexandre, Vagneron, Lionel, De Jesus, Maryvonne, Levy-Bertrand, Florence, and Monfardini, Alessandro

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Physics - Applied Physics
Abstract

We have developed a contact-less technique for the real time measurement of a-thermal (Cooper-pair breaking) phonons in an absorber held at sub-Kelvin temperatures. In particular, a thin-film aluminum superconducting resonator was realized on a 30-grams high-resistivity silicon crystal. The lumped-element resonator is inductively excited/read-out by a radio-frequency microstrip feed-line deposited on another wafer; the sensor, a Kinetic Inductance Detector (KID), is read-out without any physical contact or wiring to the absorber. The resonator demonstrates excellent electrical properties, particularly in terms of its internal quality factor. The detection of alphas and gammas in the massive absorber is achieved, with an RMS energy resolution of about 1.4 keV, which is already interesting for particle physics applications. The resolution of this prototype detector is mainly limited by the low (about 0.3%) conversion efficiency of deposited energy to superconducting excitations (quasi-particles). The demonstrated technique can be further optimized, and used to produce large arrays of a-thermal phonon detectors, for use in rare events searches such as: dark matter direct detection,neutrino-less double beta decay, or coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering., Comment: Accepted for publication on Applied Physics Letters

Published
2019
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5. Prospects for exploring New Physics in Coherent Elastic Neutrino-Nucleus Scattering

Author

Billard, Julien, Johnston, Joseph, and Kavanagh, Bradley J.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

Coherent Elastic Neutrino-Nucleus Scattering (CE$\nu$NS) is a Standard Model process that, although predicted for decades, has only been detected recently by the COHERENT collaboration. Now that CE$\nu$NS has been discovered, it provides a new probe for physics beyond the Standard Model. We study the potential to probe New Physics with CE$\nu$NS through the use of low temperature bolometers at a reactor source. We consider contributions to CE$\nu$NS due to a neutrino magnetic moment (NMM), Non-Standard Interactions (NSI) that may or may not change flavor, and simplified models containing a massive scalar or vector mediator. Targets consisting of Ge, Zn, Si, CaWO$_4$, and Al$_2$O$_3$ are examined. We show that by reaching a percentage-level precision measurement on the CE$\nu$NS energy spectrum down to $\mathcal{O}(10)$ eV, forthcoming experiments will improve by two orders of magnitude both the CE$\nu$NS-based NMM limit and the search for new massive mediators. Additionally, we demonstrate that such dedicated low-threshold CE$\nu$NS experiments will lead to unprecedented constraints on NSI parameters (particularly when multiple targets are combined) which will have major implications for the global neutrino physics program., Comment: 25 pages, 14 figures + appendices. v2: Added short discussion of leptoquark constraints. v3: matches version published in JCAP

Published
2018
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6. Readout strategies for directional dark matter detection beyond the neutrino background

Author

O'Hare, Ciaran A. J., Green, Anne M., Billard, Julien, Figueroa-Feliciano, Enectali, and Strigari, Louis E.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Abstract

The search for weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs) by direct detection faces an encroaching background due to coherent neutrino-nucleus scattering. As the sensitivity of these experiments improves, the question of how to best distinguish a dark matter signal from neutrinos will become increasingly important. A proposed method of overcoming this so-called 'neutrino floor' is to utilize the directional signature that both neutrino and dark matter induced recoils possess. We show that directional experiments can indeed probe WIMP-nucleon cross-sections below the neutrino floor with little loss in sensitivity due to the neutrino background. In particular we find at low WIMP masses (around 6 GeV) the discovery limits for directional detectors penetrate below the non-directional limit by several orders of magnitude. For high WIMP masses (around 100 GeV), the non-directional limit is overcome by a factor of a few. Furthermore we show that even for directional detectors which can only measure 1- or 2-dimensional projections of the 3-dimensional recoil track, the discovery potential is only reduced by a factor of 3 at most. We also demonstrate that while the experimental limitations of directional detectors, such as sense recognition and finite angular resolution, have a detrimental effect on the discovery limits, it is still possible to overcome the ultimate neutrino background faced by non-directional detectors., Comment: 16 pages, 12 figures, published version

Published
2015
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7. Direct detection of dark matter - APPEC committee report

Author

Billard, Julien, Boulay, Mark, Covi, Laura, Fiorillo, Giuliana, Green, Anne, Kopp, Joachim, Palladino, Kimberly, Petricca, Federica, Roszkowski, Leszek, and Schumann, Marc

Abstract

This report provides an extensive review of the experimental programme of direct detection searches of particle dark matter. It focuses mostly on European efforts, both current and planned, but does it within a broader context of a worldwide activity in the field. It aims at identifying the virtues, opportunities and challenges associated with the different experimental approaches and search techniques. It presents scientific and technological synergies, both existing and emerging, with some other areas of particle physics, notably collider and neutrino programmes, and beyond. It addresses the issue of infrastructure in light of the growing needs and challenges of the different experimental searches. Finally, the report makes a number of recommendations from the perspective of a long-term future of the field. They are introduced, along with some justification, in the opening overview and recommendations section and are next summarised at the end of the report. Overall, we recommend that the direct search for dark matter particle interactions with a detector target should be given top priority in astroparticle physics, and in all particle physics, and beyond, as a positive measurement will provide the most unambiguous confirmation of the particle nature of dark matter in the Universe.

Published
2022

9. Searching for Dark Matter and New Physics in the Neutrino sector with Cryogenic detectors

Author

Billard, Julien, Billard, Julien, Probing new physics with Coherent Elastic Neutrino-Nucleus Scattering and a tabletop experiment - CENNS - 803079 - INCOMING, Institut de Physique des 2 Infinis de Lyon (IP2I Lyon), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Corinne Augier(c.augier@ipnl.in2p3.fr), EDELWEISS-III, Ricochet, European Project: 803079,CENNS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[PHYS.ASTR.CO]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], [PHYS.ASTR.CO] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], [PHYS.NEXP] Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], Matière Noire, Detecteurs Cryogéniques, Dark Matter, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], Neutrinos, Cryogenic Detectors
Published
2021

10. Liste des Auteurs

Author

Allenou, Charlotte, primary, Arbus, Christophe, additional, Banayan, Mikael, additional, Baud, Sébastien, additional, Bauer, Lara, additional, Billard, Julien, additional, Birmes, Philippe, additional, Bui, Éric, additional, Candau, Joël, additional, Collot, Édouard, additional, Ghasarian, Christian, additional, González, Juan, additional, Halloy, Arnaud, additional, Klein, Rémy, additional, Midol, Nancy, additional, Palazzolo, Jérôme, additional, Schmitt, Laurent, additional, and Tremblay, Laurent, additional

Published
2009
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13. Searching for Low-Mass Dark Matter with Cryogenic Detectors

Author

Billard, Julien, Girod, Dominique, Institut de Physique Nucléaire de Lyon (IPNL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Matière noire (MANOIR), Institut de Physique des 2 Infinis de Lyon (IP2I Lyon), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and EDELWEISS-III

Subjects
[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2018

14. Contribution to the identification of factors at the origin of the phenomenon of beer gushing in order to develop a premature detection technic of the gushing risk

Author

Billard, Julien, Laboratoire Réactions et Génie des Procédés (LRGP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL), Institut Français des Boissons, de la Brasserie et de la Malterie (IFBM), Université de Lorraine, and Ivan Marc

Subjects
Fractionnement, Malt, Giclage, Barley, [SDV.IDA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineering, Proteins, Moisissures, Fractionation, Protéine, Mould, Orge, Gushing
Abstract

Beer gushing is an explosive over-generation of foam following the opening of a bottle. It is highly dependent on barley growing and harvesting climatic conditions and has been observed more frequently over the past years. Current technics, such as the modified Carlsberg test, only provide informations on a predictive gushing potential of malt with a large uncertainty. A rapid screening test on raw material leading to the identification of actual factor(s) responsible for the gushing is consequently highly required by the brewing industry. But a lack of informations about the compounds involved in gushing limits the development of such a technic. The initial goal of this study was to identify the compounds involved in beer gushing. This approach has been applied to industrial malts presenting gushing potential or not and artificially contaminated barleys in order to set a procedure to isolate compounds which may trigger gushing. In a first time, malt extracts, which are complex mixtures, have been produced and fractionated according to the properties of compounds such as their size, their foaming capacity or hydrophobicity. A good reduction of complexity of sample has been obtained after membrane filtration. Nevertheless, compounds like carbohydrates, proteins and polyphenols could not have been separated. Besides, separation by hydrophobicity has provided good information about the diversity of proteins but the analysis of their gushing potential remains difficult. Afterwards, in order to investigate the production of compounds by fungus at the surface of barley simulating real field crop production conditions, an artificial contamination was achieved and surface extraction with ultrapure water has been performed. Extracted molecules have been screened for their gushing activity. Thus, a purification of molecules by reverse phase chromatography allowed to isolate a gushing fraction from the surface extract. This fraction, which concentrates the gushing properties, is composed by proteins with high hydrophobicity which may be involved in gushing. This fraction was analyzed more in depth with a 2DE, and led to the identification of proteins all produced by fungus family. Among them, a protein called Epl1 appears to be of interest and could be a good candidate thanks its properties closed to hydrophobins (size and hydrophobicity). In conclusion, this methodology is developed to acquire a better knowledge about compounds produced by fungi at the surface of barley as well as to some industrial malt; Le giclage de la bière est un phénomène de surmoussage qui a lieu lors de l’ouverture de la bouteille. Ce phénomène va être dépendant des conditions de développement du grain d’orge, la matière première de la bière, et notamment des conditions climatiques. Ces dernières années, le phénomène est observé de manière plus fréquente, et les techniques actuelles, comme la méthode Carlsberg, ne prédisent qu’un risque potentiel de giclage de la matière première avec une importante incertitude. Un test de criblage rapide de la matière première permettant l’identification de facteurs responsables du giclage est donc primordiale pour détecter précocement le risque de ce phénomène. Néanmoins, un manque d’informations et de recul sur les composés impliqués dans le giclage limite le développement de méthodes de prédiction rapide du risque. L’objectif principal de cette étude est d’identifier un ou des composés pouvant être à l’origine du phénomène de giclage de la bière. L’étude a été réalisée sur différents malts industriels présentant un risque giclage ou non et des orges artificiellement contaminées par des moisissures. Les extraits de malt obtenus sont des mélanges éminemment complexes. Ils ont été fractionnés par des procédés appropriés selon les propriétés de leurs constituants : par la taille, les propriétés moussantes et l’hydrophobie. Une réduction de la complexité de l’extrait a été nécessaire et obtenue par des techniques de séparation membranaire. Néanmoins, les macromolécules tels les glucides, les protéines et les polyphénols n’ont pas pu être isolés par ce procédé. La séparation par chromatographie de phase inverse a permis d’obtenir de bonnes informations sur la diversité des protéines présentes dans l’extrait mais l’analyse du potentiel giclage en aval reste limitée. Pour simuler des conditions réelles « comme au champ », une contamination artificielle de l’orge suivie d’une extraction en surface ont été réalisées. Le potentiel giclage des molécules issues de cette extraction a ensuite été analysé. Une purification de phase inverse a permis d’isoler une fraction concentrant les propriétés giclantes. Cette fraction contient des protéines très hydrophobes qui semblent être impliquées dans le giclage. L’identification des protéines après séparation en gel bidimensionnel a montré que ces protéines proviennent de la moisissure. Une protéine avec des propriétés proches des hydrophobines (hydrophobie et taille comparables) appelée Epl 1 a été identifiée et pourrait être un bon candidat responsable du giclage de la bière. En conclusion, la méthodologie développée dans la thèse a permis d’acquérir une meilleure connaissance des composés produits par les moisissures en surface d’orge et est applicable à d’autres orges contaminées ainsi qu’à du malt industriel

Published
2017

15. Contribution à l’identification de facteurs impliqués dans le phénomène de giclage de la bière en vue du développement d’une méthode de détection précoce du « risque giclage »

Author

Billard, Julien, Laboratoire Réactions et Génie des Procédés (LRGP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL), Institut Français des Boissons, de la Brasserie et de la Malterie (IFBM), Université de Lorraine, and Ivan Marc

Subjects
Fractionnement, Malt, Giclage, Barley, [SDV.IDA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineering, Proteins, Moisissures, Fractionation, Protéine, Mould, Orge, Gushing
Abstract

Beer gushing is an explosive over-generation of foam following the opening of a bottle. It is highly dependent on barley growing and harvesting climatic conditions and has been observed more frequently over the past years. Current technics, such as the modified Carlsberg test, only provide informations on a predictive gushing potential of malt with a large uncertainty. A rapid screening test on raw material leading to the identification of actual factor(s) responsible for the gushing is consequently highly required by the brewing industry. But a lack of informations about the compounds involved in gushing limits the development of such a technic. The initial goal of this study was to identify the compounds involved in beer gushing. This approach has been applied to industrial malts presenting gushing potential or not and artificially contaminated barleys in order to set a procedure to isolate compounds which may trigger gushing. In a first time, malt extracts, which are complex mixtures, have been produced and fractionated according to the properties of compounds such as their size, their foaming capacity or hydrophobicity. A good reduction of complexity of sample has been obtained after membrane filtration. Nevertheless, compounds like carbohydrates, proteins and polyphenols could not have been separated. Besides, separation by hydrophobicity has provided good information about the diversity of proteins but the analysis of their gushing potential remains difficult. Afterwards, in order to investigate the production of compounds by fungus at the surface of barley simulating real field crop production conditions, an artificial contamination was achieved and surface extraction with ultrapure water has been performed. Extracted molecules have been screened for their gushing activity. Thus, a purification of molecules by reverse phase chromatography allowed to isolate a gushing fraction from the surface extract. This fraction, which concentrates the gushing properties, is composed by proteins with high hydrophobicity which may be involved in gushing. This fraction was analyzed more in depth with a 2DE, and led to the identification of proteins all produced by fungus family. Among them, a protein called Epl1 appears to be of interest and could be a good candidate thanks its properties closed to hydrophobins (size and hydrophobicity). In conclusion, this methodology is developed to acquire a better knowledge about compounds produced by fungi at the surface of barley as well as to some industrial malt; Le giclage de la bière est un phénomène de surmoussage qui a lieu lors de l’ouverture de la bouteille. Ce phénomène va être dépendant des conditions de développement du grain d’orge, la matière première de la bière, et notamment des conditions climatiques. Ces dernières années, le phénomène est observé de manière plus fréquente, et les techniques actuelles, comme la méthode Carlsberg, ne prédisent qu’un risque potentiel de giclage de la matière première avec une importante incertitude. Un test de criblage rapide de la matière première permettant l’identification de facteurs responsables du giclage est donc primordiale pour détecter précocement le risque de ce phénomène. Néanmoins, un manque d’informations et de recul sur les composés impliqués dans le giclage limite le développement de méthodes de prédiction rapide du risque. L’objectif principal de cette étude est d’identifier un ou des composés pouvant être à l’origine du phénomène de giclage de la bière. L’étude a été réalisée sur différents malts industriels présentant un risque giclage ou non et des orges artificiellement contaminées par des moisissures. Les extraits de malt obtenus sont des mélanges éminemment complexes. Ils ont été fractionnés par des procédés appropriés selon les propriétés de leurs constituants : par la taille, les propriétés moussantes et l’hydrophobie. Une réduction de la complexité de l’extrait a été nécessaire et obtenue par des techniques de séparation membranaire. Néanmoins, les macromolécules tels les glucides, les protéines et les polyphénols n’ont pas pu être isolés par ce procédé. La séparation par chromatographie de phase inverse a permis d’obtenir de bonnes informations sur la diversité des protéines présentes dans l’extrait mais l’analyse du potentiel giclage en aval reste limitée. Pour simuler des conditions réelles « comme au champ », une contamination artificielle de l’orge suivie d’une extraction en surface ont été réalisées. Le potentiel giclage des molécules issues de cette extraction a ensuite été analysé. Une purification de phase inverse a permis d’isoler une fraction concentrant les propriétés giclantes. Cette fraction contient des protéines très hydrophobes qui semblent être impliquées dans le giclage. L’identification des protéines après séparation en gel bidimensionnel a montré que ces protéines proviennent de la moisissure. Une protéine avec des propriétés proches des hydrophobines (hydrophobie et taille comparables) appelée Epl 1 a été identifiée et pourrait être un bon candidat responsable du giclage de la bière. En conclusion, la méthodologie développée dans la thèse a permis d’acquérir une meilleure connaissance des composés produits par les moisissures en surface d’orge et est applicable à d’autres orges contaminées ainsi qu’à du malt industriel

Published
2017

17. Direct detection of Dark Matter with the EDELWEISS experiment

Author

Billard, Julien, Institut de Physique Nucléaire de Lyon (IPNL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Matière noire (MANOIR), Institut de Physique des 2 Infinis de Lyon (IP2I Lyon), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), EDELWEISS-III, and Girod, Dominique

Subjects
[PHYS.ASTR.CO]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], [PHYS.ASTR.CO] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2016

18. Theoretical Prospects for Directional WIMP Detection

Author

O'Hare, Ciaran A. J., Billard, Julien, Figueroa-Feliciano, Enectali, Green, Anne M., and Strigari, Louis E.

Subjects
Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

O'Hare, Ciaran A. J. "Theoretical Prospects for Directional WIMP Detection" in Proceedings, 11th Patras Workshop on Axions, WIMPs and WISPs (Axion-WIMP 2015) / Irastorza, Igor G., Redondo, Javier, Carmona, José Manuel, Cebrian, Susana, Dafni, Theopisti, Iguaz, Francisco J., Luzon, Gloria (eds.), Verlag Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron : 2015 ; AXION-WIMP 2015 : 11th Patras Workshop on Axions, WIMPs and WISPs, 2015-06-22 - 2015-06-26, Zaragoza 11th Patras Workshop on Axions, WIMPs and WISPs, AXION-WIMP 2015, Zaragoza, Spain, 22 Jun 2015 - 26 Jun 2015 ; DESY-PROC 39-43(2015). doi:10.3204/DESY-PROC-2015-02/ohare_ciaran, Direct detection of dark matter with directional sensitivity is a promising concept for improving the search for weakly interacting massive particles. With information on the direction of WIMP induced nuclear recoils one has access to the full 3-dimensional velocity distribution of the local dark matter halo and thus a potential avenue for studying WIMP astrophysics. Furthermore the unique angular signature of the WIMP recoil distribution provides a crucial discriminant from neutrinos which currently represent the ultimate background to direct detection experiments., Published by Verlag Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, Hamburg

Published
2015
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19. Profile Likelihood Ratio Analysis Techniques for Rare Event Signals

Author

Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Physics, Billard, Julien, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Physics, and Billard, Julien

Abstract

The Cryogenic Dark Matter Search (CDMS) II uses crystals operated at milliKelvin temperature to search for dark matter. We present the details of the profile likelihood analysis of 140.2 kg-day exposure from the final data set of the CDMS II Si detectors that revealed three WIMP-candidate events. We found that this result favors a WIMP+background hypothesis over the known-background-only hypothesis at the 99.81 % confidence level. This paper is dedicated to the description of the profile likelihood analysis dedicated to the CDMSII-Si data and discusses such analysis techniques in the scope of rare event searches., National Science Foundation (U.S.), United States. Department of Energy, Swiss National Science Foundation, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, Multimessenger Approach for Dark Matter Detection

Published
2016

20. New Results from the Search for Low-Mass Weakly Interacting Massive Particles with the CDMS Low Ionization Threshold Experiment

Author

Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Physics, Billard, Julien, Leder, Alexander Friedrich, Agnese, R., Anderson, A. J., Aramaki, T., Asai, M., Baker, W., Balakishiyeva, D., Barker, D., Basu Thakur, R., Bauer, D. A., Borgland, A., Bowles, M. A., Brink, P. L., Bunker, R., Cabrera, B., Caldwell, D. O., Calkins, R., Cerdeno, D. G., Chagani, H., Chen, Y., Cooley, J., Cornell, B., Cushman, P., Daal, M., Di Stefano, P. C. F., Doughty, T., Esteban, L., Fallows, S., Figueroa-Feliciano, E., Ghaith, M., Godfrey, G. L., Golwala, S. R., Hall, J., Harris, H. R., Hofer, T., Holmgren, D., Hsu, L., Huber, M. E., Jardin, D., Jastram, A., Kamaev, O., Kara, B., Kelsey, M. H., Kennedy, A., Loer, B., Lopez Asamar, E., Lukens, P., Mahapatra, R., Mandic, V., Mast, N., Mirabolfathi, N., Moffatt, R. A., Morales Mendoza, J. D., Oser, S. M., Page, K., Page, W. A., Partridge, R., Pepin, M., Phipps, A., Prasad, K., Pyle, M., Qiu, H., Rau, W., Redl, P., Reisetter, A., Ricci, Y., Roberts, A., Rogers, H. E., Saab, T., Sadoulet, B., Sander, J., Schneck, K., Schnee, R. W., Scorza, S., Serfass, B., Shank, B., Speller, D., Toback, D., Underwood, R., Upadhyayula, S., Villano, A. N., Welliver, B., Wilson, J. S., Wright, D. H., Yellin, S., Yen, J. J., Young, B. A., Zhang, J., Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Physics, Billard, Julien, Leder, Alexander Friedrich, Agnese, R., Anderson, A. J., Aramaki, T., Asai, M., Baker, W., Balakishiyeva, D., Barker, D., Basu Thakur, R., Bauer, D. A., Borgland, A., Bowles, M. A., Brink, P. L., Bunker, R., Cabrera, B., Caldwell, D. O., Calkins, R., Cerdeno, D. G., Chagani, H., Chen, Y., Cooley, J., Cornell, B., Cushman, P., Daal, M., Di Stefano, P. C. F., Doughty, T., Esteban, L., Fallows, S., Figueroa-Feliciano, E., Ghaith, M., Godfrey, G. L., Golwala, S. R., Hall, J., Harris, H. R., Hofer, T., Holmgren, D., Hsu, L., Huber, M. E., Jardin, D., Jastram, A., Kamaev, O., Kara, B., Kelsey, M. H., Kennedy, A., Loer, B., Lopez Asamar, E., Lukens, P., Mahapatra, R., Mandic, V., Mast, N., Mirabolfathi, N., Moffatt, R. A., Morales Mendoza, J. D., Oser, S. M., Page, K., Page, W. A., Partridge, R., Pepin, M., Phipps, A., Prasad, K., Pyle, M., Qiu, H., Rau, W., Redl, P., Reisetter, A., Ricci, Y., Roberts, A., Rogers, H. E., Saab, T., Sadoulet, B., Sander, J., Schneck, K., Schnee, R. W., Scorza, S., Serfass, B., Shank, B., Speller, D., Toback, D., Underwood, R., Upadhyayula, S., Villano, A. N., Welliver, B., Wilson, J. S., Wright, D. H., Yellin, S., Yen, J. J., Young, B. A., and Zhang, J.

Abstract

The CDMS low ionization threshold experiment (CDMSlite) uses cryogenic germanium detectors operated at a relatively high bias voltage to amplify the phonon signal in the search for weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs). Results are presented from the second CDMSlite run with an exposure of 70 kg day, which reached an energy threshold for electron recoils as low as 56 eV. A fiducialization cut reduces backgrounds below those previously reported by CDMSlite. New parameter space for the WIMP-nucleon spin-independent cross section is excluded for WIMP masses between 1.6 and 5.5 GeV/c[superscript 2]., National Science Foundation (U.S.), United States. Dept. of Energy, Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (Visiting Scholar Award 13-S-04)

Published
2016

21. Directional detection of dark matter with MIMAC

Author

Billard , Julien, STAR, ABES, Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie ( LPSC ), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF ) -Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology ( Grenoble INP ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Grenoble Alpes ( UGA ), Université de Grenoble, Frédéric Mayet, Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), and Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Supersymétrie, [PHYS.ASTR.IM]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], Astroparticules, Astroparticles, Cosmology, Galactic dynamics, Dynamique galactique, Micro-TPC, Dark matter, Matière sombre, Supersymmetry, [ PHYS.ASTR.IM ] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], [PHYS.ASTR.IM] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], Cosmologie
Abstract

A large number of cosmological and astrophysical measurements supports the fact that our galaxy should be immersed in a halo of non-baryonic dark matter. Directional detection aims at measuring the direction of recoiling nucleus following an elastic scattering with a Dark Matter particle. This should allow us to show the expected strong angular dependence of the recoil distribution due to the rotation of the Solar System around the galactic center. This thesis presents a comprehensive study of directional detection following three different aspects: phenomenology, experimental and data analysis. The goal of the phenomenological studies is to explore the interest of directional detection in terms of galactic dark matter search. With the use of dedicated statistical tools we show that a detector, as the one proposed by the MIMAC collaboration, should be able to discover dark matter with a high significance down to cross sections 2 to 3 orders of magnitude below current limits. Setting up a new strategy of data analysis is a second goal of this thesis as an efficient 3D track reconstruction is compulsory to achieve an accurate directional detection of dark matter. We present a new method based on a likelihood approach aiming at the optimisation of the estimation of the parameters of each measured track: position in the detector volume and direction. In the context of reducing the electronic background, we present a method based on the analysis of the track topology using a boosted decision tree algorithm which enhances the rejection power by a factor 20 with respect to a sequential analysis. In the context of experimental measurement, we present a new method dedicated to the measurement of the electron drift velocity with uncertainties of the order of the percent and constraining the longitudinal diffusion coefficients. Eventually, we discuss the results of a data analysis obtained during an acquisition using a neutron field which validate the detection strategy of the MIMAC experiment., De nombreuses mesures cosmologiques et astrophysiques tendent à montrer que notre galaxie serait englobée par un halo de matière sombre non-baryonique. La détection directionnelle vise à mesurer la direction du recul nucléaire issu d'une interaction avec une particule de matière sombre. Cela permettrait de mettre en évidence la forte dépendance angulaire de la distribution de reculs due à la rotation du système solaire autour du centre galactique. Cette thèse aborde la détection directionnelle par une approche multi-thématique : phénoménologie, expérimentale et analyse de données. L'objectif des études phénoménologiques est de montrer l'apport d'un détecteur directionnel en terme de recherche de matière sombre. Grâce au développement de méthodes statistiques dédiées, on montre qu'un détecteur tel que celui proposé par la collaboration MIMAC, devrait permettre de découvrir la matière sombre avec une grande significance jusqu'à des sections efficaces 2 à 3 ordres de grandeur en dessous des limites actuelles. La mise en place d'une méthodologie d'analyse de données directionnelles constitue un second objectif de cette thèse car la reconstruction 3D des traces mesurées est un point clef de cette nouvelle stratégie de détection. On présente ainsi une nouvelle méthode d'analyse basée sur une approche par vraisemblance, permettant d'optimiser l'estimation des paramètres de chaque événement mesuré: position dans le détecteur et direction. Dans le cadre de la discrimination du bruit de fond électronique, on a mis en place une étude basée sur la topologie de la trace et utilisant une analyse par arbres de décision boostés qui nous permet d'obtenir des facteurs de rejet environ 20 fois supérieurs à ceux obtenus avec des analyses séquentielles. Du point de vue expérimental, on présente une méthode originale de la mesure de vitesse de dérive des électrons permettant d'obtenir des incertitudes de l'ordre du pourcent et de contraindre simultanément les coefficients de diffusion longitudinale. On termine enfin sur l'analyse des données obtenues auprès du champ de neutrons AMANDE permettant de valider la stratégie de détection du projet MIMAC.

Published
2012

22. Readout strategies for directional dark matter detection beyond the neutrino background

Author

Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Physics, Figueroa-Feliciano, Enectali, O’Hare, Ciaran A. J., Green, Anne M., Billard, Julien, Strigari, Louis E., Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Physics, Figueroa-Feliciano, Enectali, O’Hare, Ciaran A. J., Green, Anne M., Billard, Julien, and Strigari, Louis E.

Abstract

The search for weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs) by direct detection faces an encroaching background due to coherent neutrino-nucleus scattering. As the sensitivity of these experiments improves, the question of how to best distinguish a dark matter signal from neutrinos will become increasingly important. A proposed method of overcoming this so-called “neutrino floor” is to utilize the directional signature that both neutrino- and dark-matter-induced recoils possess. We show that directional experiments can indeed probe WIMP-nucleon cross sections below the neutrino floor with little loss in sensitivity due to the neutrino background. In particular we find at low WIMP masses (around 6 GeV) the discovery limits for directional detectors penetrate below the nondirectional limit by several orders of magnitude. For high WIMP masses (around 100 GeV), the nondirectional limit is overcome by a factor of a few. Furthermore we show that even for directional detectors which can only measure one- or two-dimensional projections of the three-dimensional recoil track, the discovery potential is only reduced by a factor of 3 at most. We also demonstrate that while the experimental limitations of directional detectors, such as sense recognition and finite angular resolution, have a detrimental effect on the discovery limits, it is still possible to overcome the ultimate neutrino background faced by nondirectional detectors.

Published
2015

23. Improved WIMP-search reach of the CDMS II germanium data

Author

Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Physics, MIT Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, Anderson, Adam Jonathan, Billard, Julien, Figueroa-Feliciano, Enectali, Hertel, Scott A., Leder, Alexander Friedrich, McCarthy, Kevin Ahmad, Agnese, R., Asai, M., Balakishiyeva, D., Barker, D., Basu Thakur, R., Bauer, D. A., Borgland, A., Bowles, M. A., Brandt, D., Brink, P. L., Bunker, R., Cabrera, B., Caldwell, D. O., Calkins, R., Cerdeño, D. G., Chagani, H., Chen, Y., Cooley, J., Cornell, B., Crewdson, C. H., Cushman, P., Daal, M., Di Stefano, P. C. F., Doughty, T., Esteban, L., Fallows, S., Godfrey, G. L., Golwala, S. R., Hall, J., Harris, H. R., Hofer, T., Holmgren, D., Hsu, L., Huber, M. E., Jardin, D. M., Jastram, A., Kamaev, O., Kara, B., Kelsey, M. H., Kennedy, A., Kiveni, M., Koch, K., Loer, B., Lopez Asamar, E., Lukens, P., Mahapatra, R., Mandic, V., Mirabolfathi, N., Moffatt, R. A., Oser, S. M., Page, K., Page, W. A., Partridge, R., Pepin, M., Phipps, A., Prasad, K., Pyle, M., Qiu, H., Rau, W., Redl, P., Reisetter, A., Ricci, Y., Rogers, H. E., Saab, T., Sadoulet, B., Sander, J., Schneck, K., Schnee, R. W., Scorza, S., Serfass, B., Shank, B., Speller, D., Toback, D., Upadhyayula, S., Villano, A. N., Welliver, B., Wilson, J. S., Wright, D. H., Yang, X., Yellin, S., Yen, J. J., Young, B. A., Zhang, J., Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Physics, MIT Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, Anderson, Adam Jonathan, Billard, Julien, Figueroa-Feliciano, Enectali, Hertel, Scott A., Leder, Alexander Friedrich, McCarthy, Kevin Ahmad, Agnese, R., Asai, M., Balakishiyeva, D., Barker, D., Basu Thakur, R., Bauer, D. A., Borgland, A., Bowles, M. A., Brandt, D., Brink, P. L., Bunker, R., Cabrera, B., Caldwell, D. O., Calkins, R., Cerdeño, D. G., Chagani, H., Chen, Y., Cooley, J., Cornell, B., Crewdson, C. H., Cushman, P., Daal, M., Di Stefano, P. C. F., Doughty, T., Esteban, L., Fallows, S., Godfrey, G. L., Golwala, S. R., Hall, J., Harris, H. R., Hofer, T., Holmgren, D., Hsu, L., Huber, M. E., Jardin, D. M., Jastram, A., Kamaev, O., Kara, B., Kelsey, M. H., Kennedy, A., Kiveni, M., Koch, K., Loer, B., Lopez Asamar, E., Lukens, P., Mahapatra, R., Mandic, V., Mirabolfathi, N., Moffatt, R. A., Oser, S. M., Page, K., Page, W. A., Partridge, R., Pepin, M., Phipps, A., Prasad, K., Pyle, M., Qiu, H., Rau, W., Redl, P., Reisetter, A., Ricci, Y., Rogers, H. E., Saab, T., Sadoulet, B., Sander, J., Schneck, K., Schnee, R. W., Scorza, S., Serfass, B., Shank, B., Speller, D., Toback, D., Upadhyayula, S., Villano, A. N., Welliver, B., Wilson, J. S., Wright, D. H., Yang, X., Yellin, S., Yen, J. J., Young, B. A., and Zhang, J.

Abstract

CDMS II data from the five-tower runs at the Soudan Underground Laboratory were reprocessed with an improved charge-pulse fitting algorithm. Two new analysis techniques to reject surface-event backgrounds were applied to the 612 kg days germanium-detector weakly interacting massive particle (WIMP)-search exposure. An extended analysis was also completed by decreasing the 10 keV analysis threshold to ~5 keV, to increase sensitivity near a WIMP mass of 8 GeV/c[superscript 2]. After unblinding, there were zero candidate events above a deposited energy of 10 keV and six events in the lower-threshold analysis. This yielded minimum WIMP-nucleon spin-independent scattering cross-section limits of 1.8 × 10[superscript −44] and 1.18 × 10[superscript −41] at 90% confidence for 60 and 8.6 GeV/c[superscript 2] WIMPs, respectively. This improves the previous CDMS II result by a factor of 2.4 (2.7) for 60 (8.6) GeV/c[superscript 2] WIMPs., National Science Foundation (U.S.), United States. Dept. of Energy, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, Spain. Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad (MultiDark)

Published
2015

24. Maximum likelihood analysis of low energy CDMS II germanium data

Author

Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Physics, MIT Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, Anderson, Adam Jonathan, Billard, Julien, Figueroa-Feliciano, Enectali, Hertel, Scott Alexander, Leder, Alexander Friedrich, McCarthy, Kevin Ahmad, Agnese, R., Balakishiyeva, D., Basu Thakur, R., Bauer, D. A., Borgland, A., Bowles, M. A., Brandt, D., Brink, P. L., Bunker, R., Cabrera, B., Caldwell, D. O., Cerdeno, D. G., Chagani, H., Chen, Y., Cooley, J., Cornell, B., Crewdson, C. H., Cushman, P., Daal, M., Di Stefano, P. C. F., Doughty, T., Esteban, L., Fallows, S., Fritts, M., Godfrey, G. L., Golwala, S. R., Graham, M., Hall, J., Harris, H. R., Hofer, T., Holmgren, D., Hsu, L., Huber, M. E., Jastram, A., Kamaev, O., Kara, B., Kelsey, M. H., Kennedy, A., Kiveni, M., Koch, K., Loer, B., Lopez Asamar, E., Mahapatra, R., Mandic, V., Martinez, C., Mirabolfathi, N., Moffatt, R. A., Moore, D. C., Nelson, R. H., Oser, S. M., Page, K., Page, W. A., Partridge, R., Pepin, M., Phipps, A., Prasad, K., Pyle, M., Qiu, H., Rau, W., Redl, P., Reisetter, A., Ricci, Y., Rogers, H. E., Saab, T., Sadoulet, B., Sander, J., Schneck, K., Schnee, R. W., Scorza, S., Serfass, B., Shank, B., Speller, D., Upadhyayula, S., Villano, A. N., Welliver, B., Wright, D. H., Yellin, S., Yen, J. J., Young, B. A., Zhang, J., Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Physics, MIT Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, Anderson, Adam Jonathan, Billard, Julien, Figueroa-Feliciano, Enectali, Hertel, Scott Alexander, Leder, Alexander Friedrich, McCarthy, Kevin Ahmad, Agnese, R., Balakishiyeva, D., Basu Thakur, R., Bauer, D. A., Borgland, A., Bowles, M. A., Brandt, D., Brink, P. L., Bunker, R., Cabrera, B., Caldwell, D. O., Cerdeno, D. G., Chagani, H., Chen, Y., Cooley, J., Cornell, B., Crewdson, C. H., Cushman, P., Daal, M., Di Stefano, P. C. F., Doughty, T., Esteban, L., Fallows, S., Fritts, M., Godfrey, G. L., Golwala, S. R., Graham, M., Hall, J., Harris, H. R., Hofer, T., Holmgren, D., Hsu, L., Huber, M. E., Jastram, A., Kamaev, O., Kara, B., Kelsey, M. H., Kennedy, A., Kiveni, M., Koch, K., Loer, B., Lopez Asamar, E., Mahapatra, R., Mandic, V., Martinez, C., Mirabolfathi, N., Moffatt, R. A., Moore, D. C., Nelson, R. H., Oser, S. M., Page, K., Page, W. A., Partridge, R., Pepin, M., Phipps, A., Prasad, K., Pyle, M., Qiu, H., Rau, W., Redl, P., Reisetter, A., Ricci, Y., Rogers, H. E., Saab, T., Sadoulet, B., Sander, J., Schneck, K., Schnee, R. W., Scorza, S., Serfass, B., Shank, B., Speller, D., Upadhyayula, S., Villano, A. N., Welliver, B., Wright, D. H., Yellin, S., Yen, J. J., Young, B. A., and Zhang, J.

Abstract

We report on the results of a search for a Weakly Interacting Massive Particle (WIMP) signal in low-energy data of the Cryogenic Dark Matter Search experiment using a maximum likelihood analysis. A background model is constructed using geant4 to simulate the surface-event background from [superscript 210]Pb decay-chain events, while using independent calibration data to model the gamma background. Fitting this background model to the data results in no statistically significant WIMP component. In addition, we perform fits using an analytic ad hoc background model proposed by Collar and Fields, who claimed to find a large excess of signal-like events in our data. We confirm the strong preference for a signal hypothesis in their analysis under these assumptions, but excesses are observed in both single- and multiple-scatter events, which implies the signal is not caused by WIMPs, but rather reflects the inadequacy of their background model., United States. Dept. of Energy, National Science Foundation (U.S.)

Published
2015

25. Dark matter effective field theory scattering in direct detection experiments

Author

Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Physics, MIT Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, Anderson, Adam Jonathan, Billard, Julien, Figueroa-Feliciano, Enectali, Leder, Alexander Friedrich, McCarthy, Kevin Ahmad, Schneck, K., Cabrera, B., Cerdeno, D. G., Mandic, V., Rogers, H. E., Agnese, R., Asai, M., Balakishiyeva, D., Barker, D., Basu Thakur, R., Bauer, D. A., Borgland, A., Brandt, D., Brink, P. L., Bunker, R., Caldwell, D. O., Calkins, R., Chagani, H., Chen, Y., Cooley, J., Cornell, B., Crewdson, C. H., Cushman, P., Daal, M., Di Stefano, P. C. F., Doughty, T., Esteban, L., Fallows, S., Godfrey, G. L., Golwala, S. R., Hall, J., Harris, H. R., Hofer, T., Holmgren, D., Hsu, L., Huber, M. E., Jardin, D. M., Jastram, A., Kamaev, O., Kara, B., Kelsey, M. H., Kennedy, A., Loer, B., Lopez Asamar, E., Lukens, P., Mahapatra, R., Mirabolfathi, N., Moffatt, R. A., Morales Mendoza, J. D., Oser, S. M., Page, K., Page, W. A., Partridge, R., Pepin, M., Phipps, A., Prasad, K., Pyle, M., Qiu, H., Rau, W., Redl, P., Reisetter, A., Ricci, Y., Roberts, A., Saab, T., Sadoulet, B., Sander, J., Schnee, R. W., Scorza, S., Serfass, B., Shank, B., Speller, D., Toback, D., Upadhyayula, S., Villano, A. N., Welliver, B., Wilson, J. S., Wright, D. H., Yang, X., Yellin, S., Yen, J. J., Young, B. A., Zhang, J., Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Physics, MIT Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, Anderson, Adam Jonathan, Billard, Julien, Figueroa-Feliciano, Enectali, Leder, Alexander Friedrich, McCarthy, Kevin Ahmad, Schneck, K., Cabrera, B., Cerdeno, D. G., Mandic, V., Rogers, H. E., Agnese, R., Asai, M., Balakishiyeva, D., Barker, D., Basu Thakur, R., Bauer, D. A., Borgland, A., Brandt, D., Brink, P. L., Bunker, R., Caldwell, D. O., Calkins, R., Chagani, H., Chen, Y., Cooley, J., Cornell, B., Crewdson, C. H., Cushman, P., Daal, M., Di Stefano, P. C. F., Doughty, T., Esteban, L., Fallows, S., Godfrey, G. L., Golwala, S. R., Hall, J., Harris, H. R., Hofer, T., Holmgren, D., Hsu, L., Huber, M. E., Jardin, D. M., Jastram, A., Kamaev, O., Kara, B., Kelsey, M. H., Kennedy, A., Loer, B., Lopez Asamar, E., Lukens, P., Mahapatra, R., Mirabolfathi, N., Moffatt, R. A., Morales Mendoza, J. D., Oser, S. M., Page, K., Page, W. A., Partridge, R., Pepin, M., Phipps, A., Prasad, K., Pyle, M., Qiu, H., Rau, W., Redl, P., Reisetter, A., Ricci, Y., Roberts, A., Saab, T., Sadoulet, B., Sander, J., Schnee, R. W., Scorza, S., Serfass, B., Shank, B., Speller, D., Toback, D., Upadhyayula, S., Villano, A. N., Welliver, B., Wilson, J. S., Wright, D. H., Yang, X., Yellin, S., Yen, J. J., Young, B. A., and Zhang, J.

Abstract

We examine the consequences of the effective field theory (EFT) of dark matter–nucleon scattering for current and proposed direct detection experiments. Exclusion limits on EFT coupling constants computed using the optimum interval method are presented for SuperCDMS Soudan, CDMS II, and LUX, and the necessity of combining results from multiple experiments in order to determine dark matter parameters is discussed. We demonstrate that spectral differences between the standard dark matter model and a general EFT interaction can produce a bias when calculating exclusion limits and when developing signal models for likelihood and machine learning techniques. We also discuss the implications of the EFT for the next-generation (G2) direct detection experiments and point out regions of complementarity in the EFT parameter space., National Science Foundation (U.S.), United States. Dept. of Energy, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, Spain. Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad (MultiDark)

Published
2015

26. First Direct Limits on Lightly Ionizing Particles with Electric Charge Less than e/6

Author

Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Physics, Anderson, Adam Jonathan, Billard, Julien, Figueroa-Feliciano, Enectali, Hertel, Scott Alexander, Leder, Alexander Friedrich, McCarthy, Kevin Ahmad, Agnese, R., Balakishiyeva, D., Basu Thakur, R., Bauer, D. A., Borgland, A., Bowles, M. A., Brandt, D., Brink, P. L., Bunker, R., Cabrera, B., Caldwell, D. O., Cerdeno, D. G., Chagani, H., Chen, Y., Cooley, J., Cornell, B., Crewdson, C. H., Cushman, P., Daal, M., Di Stefano, P. C. F., Doughty, T., Esteban, L., Fallows, S., Godfrey, G. L., Golwala, S. R., Hall, J., Harris, H. R., Hofer, T., Holmgren, D., Hsu, L., Huber, M. E., Jastram, A., Kamaev, O., Kara, B., Kelsey, M. H., Kennedy, A., Kiveni, M., Koch, K., Loer, B., Lopez Asamar, E., Mahapatra, R., Mandic, V., Martinez, C., Mirabolfathi, N., Moffatt, R. A., Moore, D. C., Nelson, H., Nelson, R. H., Ogburn, R. W., Page, K., Page, W. A., Partridge, R., Pepin, M., Phipps, A., Prasad, K., Pyle, M., Qiu, H., Rau, W., Redl, P., Reisetter, A., Ricci, Y., Rogers, H. E., Saab, T., Sadoulet, B., Sander, J., Schneck, K., Schnee, R. W., Scorza, S., Serfass, B., Shank, B., Speller, D., Upadhyayula, S., Villano, A. N., Welliver, B., Wright, D. H., Yellin, S., Yen, J. J., Young, B. A., Zhang, J., Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Physics, Anderson, Adam Jonathan, Billard, Julien, Figueroa-Feliciano, Enectali, Hertel, Scott Alexander, Leder, Alexander Friedrich, McCarthy, Kevin Ahmad, Agnese, R., Balakishiyeva, D., Basu Thakur, R., Bauer, D. A., Borgland, A., Bowles, M. A., Brandt, D., Brink, P. L., Bunker, R., Cabrera, B., Caldwell, D. O., Cerdeno, D. G., Chagani, H., Chen, Y., Cooley, J., Cornell, B., Crewdson, C. H., Cushman, P., Daal, M., Di Stefano, P. C. F., Doughty, T., Esteban, L., Fallows, S., Godfrey, G. L., Golwala, S. R., Hall, J., Harris, H. R., Hofer, T., Holmgren, D., Hsu, L., Huber, M. E., Jastram, A., Kamaev, O., Kara, B., Kelsey, M. H., Kennedy, A., Kiveni, M., Koch, K., Loer, B., Lopez Asamar, E., Mahapatra, R., Mandic, V., Martinez, C., Mirabolfathi, N., Moffatt, R. A., Moore, D. C., Nelson, H., Nelson, R. H., Ogburn, R. W., Page, K., Page, W. A., Partridge, R., Pepin, M., Phipps, A., Prasad, K., Pyle, M., Qiu, H., Rau, W., Redl, P., Reisetter, A., Ricci, Y., Rogers, H. E., Saab, T., Sadoulet, B., Sander, J., Schneck, K., Schnee, R. W., Scorza, S., Serfass, B., Shank, B., Speller, D., Upadhyayula, S., Villano, A. N., Welliver, B., Wright, D. H., Yellin, S., Yen, J. J., Young, B. A., and Zhang, J.

Abstract

While the standard model of particle physics does not include free particles with fractional charge, experimental searches have not ruled out their existence. We report results from the Cryogenic Dark Matter Search (CDMS II) experiment that give the first direct-detection limits for cosmogenically produced relativistic particles with electric charge lower than e/6. A search for tracks in the six stacked detectors of each of two of the CDMS II towers finds no candidates, thereby excluding new parameter space for particles with electric charges between e/6 and e/200., National Science Foundation (U.S.), United States. Dept. of Energy, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, Spain. Ministerio de Economia y Competividad (MultiDark)

Published
2015

29. Search for Low-Mass Weakly Interacting Massive Particles with SuperCDMS

Author

Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Physics, Anderson, Adam Jonathan, Billard, Julien, Figueroa-Feliciano, Enectali, Hertel, Scott Alexander, Leder, Alexander Friedrich, McCarthy, Kevin Ahmad, Agnese, R., Asai, M., Balakishiyeva, D., Basu Thakur, R., Bauer, D. A., Beaty, J., Borgland, A., Bowles, M. A., Brandt, D., Brink, P. L., Bunker, R., Cabrera, B., Caldwell, D. O., Cerdeno, D. G., Chagani, H., Chen, Y., Cherry, M., Cooley, J., Cornell, B., Crewdson, C. H., Cushman, P., Daal, M., DeVaney, D., Di Stefano, P. C. F., Silva, E. Do Couto E, Doughty, T., Esteban, L., Fallows, S., Godfrey, G. L., Golwala, S. R., Hall, J., Hansen, S., Harris, H. R., Hines, B. A., Hofer, T., Holmgren, D., Hsu, L., Huber, M. E., Jastram, A., Kamaev, O., Kara, B., Kelsey, M. H., Kenany, S., Kennedy, A., Kiveni, M., Koch, K., Loer, B., Lopez Asamar, E., Mahapatra, R., Mandic, V., Martinez, C., Mirabolfathi, N., Moffatt, R. A., Nelson, R. H., Novak, L., Page, K., Partridge, R., Pepin, M., Phipps, A., Platt, M., Prasad, K., Pyle, M., Qiu, H., Rau, W., Redl, P., Reisetter, A., Resch, R. W., Ricci, Y., Ruschman, M., Saab, T., Sadoulet, B., Sander, J., Schmitt, R. L., Schneck, K., Schnee, R. W., Scorza, S., Seitz, D. N., Serfass, B., Shank, B., Speller, D., Tomada, A., Upadhyayula, S., Villano, A. N., Welliver, B., Wright, D. H., Yellin, S., Yen, J. J., Young, B. A., Zhang, J., Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Physics, Anderson, Adam Jonathan, Billard, Julien, Figueroa-Feliciano, Enectali, Hertel, Scott Alexander, Leder, Alexander Friedrich, McCarthy, Kevin Ahmad, Agnese, R., Asai, M., Balakishiyeva, D., Basu Thakur, R., Bauer, D. A., Beaty, J., Borgland, A., Bowles, M. A., Brandt, D., Brink, P. L., Bunker, R., Cabrera, B., Caldwell, D. O., Cerdeno, D. G., Chagani, H., Chen, Y., Cherry, M., Cooley, J., Cornell, B., Crewdson, C. H., Cushman, P., Daal, M., DeVaney, D., Di Stefano, P. C. F., Silva, E. Do Couto E, Doughty, T., Esteban, L., Fallows, S., Godfrey, G. L., Golwala, S. R., Hall, J., Hansen, S., Harris, H. R., Hines, B. A., Hofer, T., Holmgren, D., Hsu, L., Huber, M. E., Jastram, A., Kamaev, O., Kara, B., Kelsey, M. H., Kenany, S., Kennedy, A., Kiveni, M., Koch, K., Loer, B., Lopez Asamar, E., Mahapatra, R., Mandic, V., Martinez, C., Mirabolfathi, N., Moffatt, R. A., Nelson, R. H., Novak, L., Page, K., Partridge, R., Pepin, M., Phipps, A., Platt, M., Prasad, K., Pyle, M., Qiu, H., Rau, W., Redl, P., Reisetter, A., Resch, R. W., Ricci, Y., Ruschman, M., Saab, T., Sadoulet, B., Sander, J., Schmitt, R. L., Schneck, K., Schnee, R. W., Scorza, S., Seitz, D. N., Serfass, B., Shank, B., Speller, D., Tomada, A., Upadhyayula, S., Villano, A. N., Welliver, B., Wright, D. H., Yellin, S., Yen, J. J., Young, B. A., and Zhang, J.

Abstract

We report a first search for weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs) using the background rejection capabilities of SuperCDMS. An exposure of 577 kg days was analyzed for WIMPs with mass < 30 GeV/c[superscript 2], with the signal region blinded. Eleven events were observed after unblinding. We set an upper limit on the spin-independent WIMP-nucleon cross section of 1.2 × 10[superscript −42] cm[superscript 2] at 8 GeV/c[superscript 2]. This result is in tension with WIMP interpretations of recent experiments and probes new parameter space for WIMP-nucleon scattering for WIMP masses <6 GeV/c[superscript 2]., National Science Foundation (U.S.), United States. Dept. of Energy

Published
2014

30. Search for Low-Mass Weakly Interacting Massive Particles Using Voltage-Assisted Calorimetric Ionization Detection in the SuperCDMS Experiment

Author

Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Physics, MIT Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, Anderson, Adam Jonathan, Billard, Julien, Figueroa-Feliciano, Enectali, Hertel, Scott Alexander, McCarthy, Kevin Ahmad, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Physics, MIT Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, Anderson, Adam Jonathan, Billard, Julien, Figueroa-Feliciano, Enectali, Hertel, Scott Alexander, and McCarthy, Kevin Ahmad

Abstract

SuperCDMS is an experiment designed to directly detect weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs), a favored candidate for dark matter ubiquitous in the Universe. In this Letter, we present WIMP-search results using a calorimetric technique we call CDMSlite, which relies on voltage-assisted Luke-Neganov amplification of the ionization energy deposited by particle interactions. The data were collected with a single 0.6 kg germanium detector running for ten live days at the Soudan Underground Laboratory. A low energy threshold of 170 eV[subscript ee] (electron equivalent) was obtained, which allows us to constrain new WIMP-nucleon spin-independent parameter space for WIMP masses below 6 GeV/c[superscript 2]., National Science Foundation (U.S.), United States. Dept. of Energy, Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (Contract De-AC02-07CH11359), United States. Dept. of Energy (Contract DE-AC02-76FS00515)

Published
2014

31. Silicon Detector Dark Matter Results from the Final Exposure of CDMS II

Author

Lincoln Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Physics, MIT Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, Anderson, Adam Jonathan, Billard, Julien, Figueroa-Feliciano, Enectali, Hertel, Scott Alexander, Leman, Steven W., McCarthy, Kevin Ahmad, Lincoln Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Physics, MIT Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, Anderson, Adam Jonathan, Billard, Julien, Figueroa-Feliciano, Enectali, Hertel, Scott Alexander, Leman, Steven W., and McCarthy, Kevin Ahmad

Abstract

We report results of a search for weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPS) with the silicon detectors of the CDMS II experiment. This blind analysis of 140.2 kg day of data taken between July 2007 and September 2008 revealed three WIMP-candidate events with a surface-event background estimate of 0.41[+0.20 over −0.08](stat)[+0.28 over −0.24](syst). Other known backgrounds from neutrons and [superscript 206]Pb are limited to < 0.13 and < 0.08 events at the 90% confidence level, respectively. The exposure of this analysis is equivalent to 23.4 kg day for a recoil energy range of 7–100 keV for a WIMP of mass 10 GeV/c[superscript 2]. The probability that the known backgrounds would produce three or more events in the signal region is 5.4%. A profile likelihood ratio test of the three events that includes the measured recoil energies gives a 0.19% probability for the known-background-only hypothesis when tested against the alternative WIMP + background hypothesis. The highest likelihood occurs for a WIMP mass of 8.6 GeV/c[superscript 2] and WIMP-nucleon cross section of 1.9 × 10[superscript −41] cm[superscript 2]., National Science Foundation (U.S.) (Grant AST-9978911), National Science Foundation (U.S.) (Grant NSF-0847342), National Science Foundation (U.S.) (Grant NSF-1151869), National Science Foundation (U.S.) (Grant PHY-0542066), National Science Foundation (U.S.) (Grant PHY-0503729), National Science Foundation (U.S.) (Grant PHY-0503629), National Science Foundation (U.S.) (Grant PHY-0503641), National Science Foundation (U.S.) (Grant PHY-0504224), National Science Foundation (U.S.) (Grant PHY-0705052), National Science Foundation (U.S.) (Grant PHY-0801708), National Science Foundation (U.S.) (Grant PHY-0801712), National Science Foundation (U.S.) (Grant PHY-0802575), National Science Foundation (U.S.) (Grant PHY-0847342), National Science Foundation (U.S.) (Grant PHY-0855299), National Science Foundation (U.S.) (Grant PHY-0855525), National Science Foundation (U.S.) (Grant PHY-1102795), National Science Foundation (U.S.) (Grant PHY-1205898), United States. Dept. of Energy (Contract DE-AC03-76SF00098), United States. Dept. of Energy (Contract DE-FG02-92ER40701), United States. Dept. of Energy (Contract DE-FG02-94ER40823), United States. Dept. of Energy (Contract DE-FG03-90ER40569), United States. Dept. of Energy (Contract DE-FG03-91ER40618), United States. Dept. of Energy (Contract DE-SC0004022)

Published
2014

32. Complementarity of dark matter detectors in light of the neutrino background

Author

Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Physics, Ruppin, F., Billard, Julien, Figueroa-Feliciano, Enectali, Strigari, L., Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Physics, Ruppin, F., Billard, Julien, Figueroa-Feliciano, Enectali, and Strigari, L.

Abstract

Direct detection dark matter experiments looking for WIMP-nucleus elastic scattering will soon be sensitive to an irreducible background from neutrinos which will drastically affect their discovery potential. Here we explore how the neutrino background will affect future ton-scale experiments considering both spin-dependent and spin-independent interactions. We show that combining data from experiments using different targets can improve the dark matter discovery potential due to target complementarity. We find that in the context of spin-dependent interactions, combining results from several targets can greatly enhance the subtraction of the neutrino background for WIMP masses below 10 GeV/c[superscript 2] and therefore probe dark matter models to lower cross sections. In the context of target complementarity, we also explore how one can tune the relative exposures of different target materials to optimize the WIMP discovery potential., National Science Foundation (U.S.) (Grant PHY-1417457), National Science Foundation (U.S.) (Grant NSF-0847342)

Published
2014

33. Implication of neutrino backgrounds on the reach of next generation dark matter direct detection experiments

Author

Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Physics, MIT Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, Billard, Julien, Figueroa-Feliciano, Enectali, Strigari, L., Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Physics, MIT Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, Billard, Julien, Figueroa-Feliciano, Enectali, and Strigari, L.

Abstract

As direct dark matter experiments continue to increase in size, they will become sensitive to neutrinos from astrophysical sources. For experiments that do not have directional sensitivity, coherent neutrino scattering from several sources represents an important background to understand, as it can almost perfectly mimic an authentic weakly interacting massive particle (WIMP) signal. Here we explore in detail the effect of neutrino backgrounds on the discovery potential of WIMPs over the entire mass range of 500 MeV to 10 TeV. We show that, given the theoretical and measured uncertainties on the neutrino backgrounds, direct detection experiments lose sensitivity to light (∼10 GeV) and heavy (∼100 GeV) WIMPs with a spin-independent cross section below 10[superscript −45] and 10[superscript −49] cm[superscript 2], respectively., National Science Foundation (U.S.) (Grant NSF-0847342)

Published
2014

34. Search for Low-Mass Weakly Interacting Massive Particles with SuperCDMS

Author

Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Physics, MIT Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, Anderson, Adam Jonathan, Billard, Julien, Figueroa-Feliciano, Enectali, Hertel, Scott Alexander, Leder, Alexander Friedrich, McCarthy, Kevin Ahmad, Agnese, R., Asai, M., Balakishiyeva, D., Basu Thakur, R., Bauer, D. A., Beaty, J., Borgland, A., Bowles, M. A., Brandt, D., Brink, P. L., Bunker, R., Cabrera, B., Caldwell, D. O., Cerdeno, D. G., Chagani, H., Chen, Y., Cherry, M., Cooley, J., Cornell, B., Crewdson, C. H., Cushman, P., Daal, M., DeVaney, D., Di Stefano, P. C. F., Silva, E. Do Couto E, Doughty, T., Esteban, L., Fallows, S., Godfrey, G. L., Golwala, S. R., Hall, J., Hansen, S., Harris, H. R., Hines, B. A., Hofer, T., Holmgren, D., Hsu, L., Huber, M. E., Jastram, A., Kamaev, O., Kara, B., Kelsey, M. H., Kenany, S., Kennedy, A., Kiveni, M., Koch, K., Loer, B., Lopez Asamar, E., Mahapatra, R., Mandic, V., Martinez, C., Mirabolfathi, N., Moffatt, R. A., Nelson, R. H., Novak, L., Page, K., Partridge, R., Pepin, M., Phipps, A., Platt, M., Prasad, K., Pyle, M., Qiu, H., Rau, W., Redl, P., Reisetter, A., Resch, R. W., Ricci, Y., Ruschman, M., Saab, T., Sadoulet, B., Sander, J., Schmitt, R. L., Schneck, K., Schnee, R. W., Scorza, S., Seitz, D. N., Serfass, B., Shank, B., Speller, D., Tomada, A., Upadhyayula, S., Villano, A. N., Welliver, B., Wright, D. H., Yellin, S., Yen, J. J., Young, B. A., Zhang, J., Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Physics, MIT Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, Anderson, Adam Jonathan, Billard, Julien, Figueroa-Feliciano, Enectali, Hertel, Scott Alexander, Leder, Alexander Friedrich, McCarthy, Kevin Ahmad, Agnese, R., Asai, M., Balakishiyeva, D., Basu Thakur, R., Bauer, D. A., Beaty, J., Borgland, A., Bowles, M. A., Brandt, D., Brink, P. L., Bunker, R., Cabrera, B., Caldwell, D. O., Cerdeno, D. G., Chagani, H., Chen, Y., Cherry, M., Cooley, J., Cornell, B., Crewdson, C. H., Cushman, P., Daal, M., DeVaney, D., Di Stefano, P. C. F., Silva, E. Do Couto E, Doughty, T., Esteban, L., Fallows, S., Godfrey, G. L., Golwala, S. R., Hall, J., Hansen, S., Harris, H. R., Hines, B. A., Hofer, T., Holmgren, D., Hsu, L., Huber, M. E., Jastram, A., Kamaev, O., Kara, B., Kelsey, M. H., Kenany, S., Kennedy, A., Kiveni, M., Koch, K., Loer, B., Lopez Asamar, E., Mahapatra, R., Mandic, V., Martinez, C., Mirabolfathi, N., Moffatt, R. A., Nelson, R. H., Novak, L., Page, K., Partridge, R., Pepin, M., Phipps, A., Platt, M., Prasad, K., Pyle, M., Qiu, H., Rau, W., Redl, P., Reisetter, A., Resch, R. W., Ricci, Y., Ruschman, M., Saab, T., Sadoulet, B., Sander, J., Schmitt, R. L., Schneck, K., Schnee, R. W., Scorza, S., Seitz, D. N., Serfass, B., Shank, B., Speller, D., Tomada, A., Upadhyayula, S., Villano, A. N., Welliver, B., Wright, D. H., Yellin, S., Yen, J. J., Young, B. A., and Zhang, J.

Abstract

We report a first search for weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs) using the background rejection capabilities of SuperCDMS. An exposure of 577 kg days was analyzed for WIMPs with mass < 30 GeV/c[superscript 2], with the signal region blinded. Eleven events were observed after unblinding. We set an upper limit on the spin-independent WIMP-nucleon cross section of 1.2 × 10[superscript −42] cm[superscript 2] at 8 GeV/c[superscript 2]. This result is in tension with WIMP interpretations of recent experiments and probes new parameter space for WIMP-nucleon scattering for WIMP masses <6 GeV/c[superscript 2]., National Science Foundation (U.S.), United States. Dept. of Energy

Published
2014

38. Psychose et toxicomanie en milieu carcéral

Author

Billard, Julien, primary, Albardier, Walter, additional, Chaix, Catherine, additional, Gallet, Emmanuel, additional, Haoui, Radoine, additional, Laurencin, Gérard, additional, and Nouvel, Antoine, additional

Published
2006
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39. Barley proteins: relation to malt quality in a context of climate change and need of sustainability – The new challenge.

Author

Schmitt, Marc, Schwebel, Sophie, and Billard, Julien

Subjects
BARLEY, CLIMATE change, MALT, PROTEINS, MALTING, BREWING industry
Abstract

The article discusses diversity of barley protein composition for the same total nitrogen content with a 2 up to 3-fold factor depending the protein fraction. This major result demonstrates that the barley variety is the most significant factor triggering different protein compositions. But the different clusters gather independently some 6 row winter lines can be with some 2 row spring lines.

Published
2022

41. Direct Detection of Dark Matter -- APPEC Committee Report

Author

Julien Billard, Mark Boulay, Susana Cebrián, Laura Covi, Giuliana Fiorillo, Anne Green, Joachim Kopp, Béla Majorovits, Kimberly Palladino, Federica Petricca, Leszek Roszkowski (chair), Marc Schumann, HEP, INSPIRE, Institut de Physique des 2 Infinis de Lyon (IP2I Lyon), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Billard, Julien, Boulay, Mark, Cebrian, S, Covi, Laura, Fiorillo, Giuliana, Green, Anne M, Kopp, Joachim, Majorovits, Bela, Palladino, Kimberly, Petricca, Federica, Roszkowski, Leszek, and Schumann, Marc

Subjects
Astrophysics and Astronomy, dark matter: interaction, experimental methods, [PHYS.HEXP] Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], review, FOS: Physical sciences, General Physics and Astronomy, dark matter: direct detection, Direct, High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), APPEC, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph), Report, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], Particle Physics - Phenomenology, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), astro-ph.HE, Matter, hep-ex, hep-ph, [PHYS.HPHE] Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Phenomenology [hep-ph], Detection, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, [PHYS.HPHE]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Phenomenology [hep-ph], Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], [PHYS.ASTR] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Particle Physics - Experiment
Abstract

This Report provides an extensive review of the experimental programme of direct detection searches of particle dark matter. It focuses mostly on European efforts, both current and planned, but does it within a broader context of a worldwide activity in the field. It aims at identifying the virtues, opportunities and challenges associated with the different experimental approaches and search techniques. It presents scientific and technological synergies, both existing and emerging, with some other areas of particle physics, notably collider and neutrino programmes, and beyond. It addresses the issue of infrastructure in light of the growing needs and challenges of the different experimental searches. Finally, the Report makes a number of recommendations from the perspective of a long-term future of the field. They are introduced, along with some justification, in the opening Overview and Recommendations section and are next summarised at the end of the Report. Overall, we recommend that the direct search for dark matter particle interactions with a detector target should be given top priority in astroparticle physics, and in all particle physics, and beyond, as a positive measurement will provide the most unambiguous confirmation of the particle nature of dark matter in the Universe., 106 pages

Published
2022

42. Liste des Auteurs

Author

Allenou, Charlotte, Arbus, Christophe, Banayan, Mikael, Baud, Sébastien, Bauer, Lara, Billard, Julien, Birmes, Philippe, Bui, Éric, Candau, Joël, Collot, Édouard, Ghasarian, Christian, González, Juan, Halloy, Arnaud, Klein, Rémy, Midol, Nancy, Palazzolo, Jérôme, Schmitt, Laurent, and Tremblay, Laurent

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