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Abstract Previous studies in small samples have identified inconsistent cortical abnormalities in major depressive disorder (MDD). Despite genetic influences on MDD and the brain, it is unclear how genetic risk for MDD is translated into spatially patterned cortical vulnerability. Here, we initially examined voxel-wise differences in cortical function and structure using the largest multi-modal MRI data from 1660 MDD patients and 1341 controls. Combined with the Allen Human Brain Atlas, we then adopted transcription-neuroimaging spatial correlation and the newly developed ensemble-based gene category enrichment analysis to identify gene categories with expression related to cortical changes in MDD. Results showed that patients had relatively circumscribed impairments in local functional properties and broadly distributed disruptions in global functional connectivity, consistently characterized by hyper-function in associative areas and hypo-function in primary regions. Moreover, the local functional alterations were correlated with genes enriched for biological functions related to MDD in general (e.g., endoplasmic reticulum stress, mitogen-activated protein kinase, histone acetylation, and DNA methylation); and the global functional connectivity changes were associated with not only MDD-general, but also brain-relevant genes (e.g., neuron, synapse, axon, glial cell, and neurotransmitters). Our findings may provide important insights into the transcriptomic signatures of regional cortical vulnerability to MDD.

Vertical root fracture is a type of longitudinal crack originating from the roots of teeth that can occur in vital teeth and teeth after root canal treatment. It is a hard tissue disease of teeth with a complex etiology and poor prognosis. The vertical root fracture that occurs in teeth after pulp treatment is called secondary vertical root fracture (SVRF). A comprehensive judgment should be made based on clinical signs such as pain, swelling, tooth looseness, sinus located near the gum edge, and deep and narrow isolated periodontal pockets, as well as apical films such as periodontal membrane widening, vertical and root bone loss, and “halo” or “J” shaped transmission shadows around the root. For teeth suspected of longitudinal root fractures, three-dimensional imaging such as cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) should be used to assist in the diagnosis. If CBCT shows a defect in the buccal or lingual bone plate, it can increase the possibility of diagnosing SVRF. The setting of CBCT parameters should be optimized by using small field CBCT, enhancing dye-assisted applications, and metal artifact reduction (MAR) tools to reduce the impact of artifacts and improve the accuracy of CBCT diagnosis of SVRF. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), digital subtraction radiography (DSR), optical coherence tomography (OCT), and other imaging techniques can detect cracks of different widths, and artificial intelligence (AI) diagnostic technology and predictive models provide further auxiliary means for SVRF diagnosis. SVRF cannot be determined through noninvasive methods, and the final diagnostic method is to detect the presence of SVRF through direct observation within the root canal and during flap surgery.

Abstract Cytokines have attracted sustained attention due to their multi-functional cellular response in immunotherapy. However, their application was limited to their short half-time, narrow therapeutic window, and undesired side effects. To address this issue, we developed a portable smart blue-light controlled (PSLC) device based on optogenetic technology. By combining this PSLC device with blue-light controlled gene modules, we successfully achieved the targeted regulation of cytokine expression within the tumor microenvironment. To alter the tumor microenvironment of solid tumors, pro-inflammatory cytokines were selected as blue-light controlled molecules. The results show that blue-light effectively regulates the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines both in vitro and in vivo. This strategy leads to enhanced and activated tumor-infiltrating immune cells, which facilitated to overcome the immunosuppressive microenvironment, resulting in significant tumor shrinkage in tumor-bearing mice. Hence, our study offers a unique strategy for cytokine therapy and a convenient device for animal studies in optogenetic immunotherapy.

Abstract Traditional herbs have a history of clinical use in anti-fatigue. However, several adverse effects of herbs have been identified. Pityriasis rosea-like eruption (PR-LE) is a rare cutaneous complication of herbs. To the best of our knowledge, there have been few reports of PR-LE following herbs. Here, we described a case of PR-LE that developed 6 days after taking anti-fatigue herbs. After the 17 days of stopping Aconitum carmichaelii Debx and Panax Ginseng, it notably faded. So, when anti-fatigue herbs being authorized for fatigue use, monitoring for potential adverse effects is necessary.

Abstract Background Indoor residual spraying (IRS) has been implemented to prevent malaria in Zambia for several decades, but its effectiveness has not been evaluated long term and in Vubwi District yet. This study aimed to assess the association between IRS and the malaria burden in Zambia and Vubwi District and to explore the factors associated with refusing IRS. Methods A retrospective study was used to analyze the association between IRS and malaria incidence in Zambia in 2001–2020 and in Vubwi District in 2014–2020 by Spearman correlation analysis. A case-control study was used to explore the factors associated with IRS refusals by households in Vubwi District in 2021. A logistic regression model was performed to identify factors associated with IRS refusals. Results The malaria incidence reached its peak (391/1000) in 2001 and dropped to the lowest (154/1000) in 2019. The annual percentage change in 2001–2003, 2003–2008, 2008–2014, 2014–2018 and 2018–2020 was − 6.54%, − 13.24%, 5.04%, − 10.28% and 18.61%, respectively. A significantly negative correlation between the percentage of population protected by the IRS against the total population in Zambia (coverage) and the average malaria incidence in the whole population was observed in 2005–2020 (r = − 0.685, P = 0.003) and 2005–2019 (r = − 0.818, P

Abstract Background Cognitive impairment is a common non-motor symptom of Parkinson’s disease (PD). The apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 genotype increases the risk of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, the effect of APOEε4 on cognitive function of PD patients remains unclear. In this study, we aimed to understand whether and how carrying APOEε4 affects cognitive performance in patients with early-stage and advanced PD. Methods A total of 119 Chinese early-stage PD patients were recruited. Movement Disorder Society Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale, Hamilton anxiety scale, Hamilton depression scale, non-motor symptoms scale, Mini-mental State Examination, Montreal Cognitive Assessment, and Fazekas scale were evaluated. APOE genotypes were determined by polymerase chain reactions and direct sequencing. Demographic and clinical information of 521 early-stage and 262 advanced PD patients were obtained from Parkinson’s Progression Marker Initiative (PPMI). Results No significant difference in cognitive performance was found between ApoEε4 carriers and non-carriers in early-stage PD patients from our cohort and PPMI. The cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) Amyloid Beta 42 (Aβ42) level was significantly lower in ApoEε4 carrier than non-carriers in early-stage PD patients from PPMI. In advanced PD patients from PPMI, the BJLOT, HVLT retention and SDMT scores seem to be lower in ApoEε4 carriers without reach the statistical significance. Conclusions APOEε4 carriage does not affect the cognitive performance of early-stage PD patients. However, it may promote the decline of CSF Aβ42 level and the associated amyloidopathy, which is likely to further contribute to the cognitive dysfunction of PD patients in the advanced stage.

Tumor immunotherapy can be a suitable cancer treatment option in certain instances. Here we investigated the potential immunomodulatory effect of oral glycyrrhiza polysaccharides (GCP) on the antitumor function of γδT cells in intestinal epithelial cells in mice. We found that GCP can inhibit tumor growth and was involved in the regulation of systemic immunosuppression. GCP administration also promoted the differentiation of gut epithelia γδT cells into IFN‐γ‐producing subtype through regulation of local cytokines in gut mucosa. GCP administration increased local cytokine levels through gut microbiota and the gut mucosa Toll‐like receptors / nuclear factor kappa‐B pathway. Taken together, our results suggest that GCP might be a suitable candidate for tumor immunotherapy, although further clinical research, including clinical trials, are required to validate these results.

Abstract Heart failure is the final stage of several cardiovascular diseases, and the key to effectively treating heart failure is to reverse or delay ventricular remodelling. Levosimendan is a novel inotropic and vasodilator agent used in heart failure, whereas the impact of levosimendan on ventricular remodelling is still unclear. This study aims to investigate the impact of levosimendan on ventricular remodelling in patients with left ventricular systolic dysfunction. Electronic databases were searched to identify eligible studies. A total of 66 randomized controlled trials involving 7968 patients were included. Meta‐analysis results showed that levosimendan increased left ventricular ejection fraction [mean difference (MD) = 3.62, 95% confidence interval (CI) (2.88, 4.35), P

Background: The incidence of early-onset colorectal cancer (EOCRC), which exhibits differential clinical, pathological, and molecular features compared to late-onset CRC (LOCRC), is rising globally. The potential differential effects of blood glucose on EOCRC compared to LOCRC have not been investigated. Methods: This study analyzed 374,568 participants from the UK Biobank cohort and 172,809 participants from the Kailuan cohort. The linear associations between blood glucose and EOCRC/LOCRC were estimated using Cox regression models. Restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis and non-linear Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis using a 70-SNPs genetic instrument for fasting glucose were used to explore the potential non-linear associations. Results: Participants in the highest quintile of blood glucose had higher overall CRC risk compared to the lowest quintile (HR = 1.10 in the UK Biobank cohort, 95% CI: 1.01–1.21, P-trend = 0.012; HR = 1.23 in the Kailuan cohort, 95% CI: 1.01–1.51, P-trend = 0.036). Elevated glucose (>7.0 mmol/L) was more strongly associated with increased risk of EOCRC (HR = 1.61, 95% CI: 1.07–2.44) than with LOCRC (HR = 1.14, 95% CI: 1.02–1.27) in the UK Biobank cohort (P-heterogeneity = 0.014). Elevated glucose (>7.0 mmol/L) was associated with increased risk of LOCRC (HR = 1.25, 95% CI: 1.04–1.65) in the Kailuan cohort as well. There was no evidence for non-linear associations between blood glucose and risks of EOCRC/LOCRC. Conclusions: This study showed a positive association between blood glucose and CRC risk in a dose-response manner, particularly for EOCRC, suggesting that tighter glucose control should be a priority for younger age groups.

Impact toughness, tensile properties, grains, and inclusions of industrial Al-killed steel Q355B were investigated by adding cerium (Ce) from 0, 0.0028%–0.0048%. The results revealed that: (1) With the increase of Ce additions, the size of inclusions decreased and the oxide inclusions significantly decreased while oxide-sulfide inclusions significantly increased; (2) Inclusions of sample without Ce were Al2O3 and Mn(Ca)S, inclusions of sample with adding 0.0028% Ce were CeAlO3, Mn(Ca)S, and Ce2O2S, and inclusions of sample with adding 0.0048% Ce were CeAlO3, Ce2S3, Ce2O2S, and Mn(Ca)S; (3) Grains of sample with Ce were refined. Microstructure with 0.0028% Ce addition displayed a more uniform ferrite and microstructure with 0.0048% Ce addition exhibited a more uniform pearlite, which was due to Ce2O2S as effective nucleating agent for α-Fe and MnS as effective nucleating agent for γ-Fe; (4) Impact toughness and yield strength of sample with 0.0028% Ce addition was highest in the three samples, because of the microstructure of refining and uniform ferrite grains and small Ce-based inclusions.

Pyrus pyrifolia Nakai ‘Whangkeumbae’ is a sand pear fruit with excellent nutritional quality and taste. However, the industrial development of pear fruit is significantly limited by its short shelf life. Salicylic acid (SA), a well-known phytohormone, can delay fruit senescence and improve shelf life. However, the mechanism by which SA regulates CONSTANS-LIKE genes (COLs) during fruit senescence and the role of COL genes in mediating fruit senescence in sand pear are poorly understood. In this study, 22 COL genes were identified in sand pear, including four COLs (PpCOL8, PpCOL9a, PpCOL9b, and PpCOL14) identified via transcriptome analysis and 18 COLs through genome-wide analysis. These COL genes were divided into three subgroups according to the structural domains of the COL protein. PpCOL8, with two B-box motifs and one CCT domain, belonged to the first subgroup. In contrast, the other three PpCOLs, PpCOL9a, PpCOL9b, and PpCOL14, with similar conserved protein domains and gene structures, were assigned to the third subgroup. The four COLs showed different expression patterns in pear tissues and were preferentially expressed at the early stage of fruit development. Moreover, the expression of PpCOL8 was inhibited by exogenous SA treatment, while SA up-regulated the expression of PpCOL9a and PpCOL9b. Interestingly, PpCOL8 interacts with PpMADS, a MADS-box protein preferentially expressed in fruit, and SA up-regulated its expression. While the production of ethylene and the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) were increased in PpCOL8-overexpression sand pear fruit, the antioxidant enzyme (POD and SOD) activity and the expression of PpPOD1 and PpSOD1 in the sand pear fruits were down-regulated, which showed that PpCOL8 promoted sand pear fruit senescence. In contrast, the corresponding changes were the opposite in PpMADS-overexpression sand pear fruits, suggesting that PpMADS delayed sand pear fruit senescence. The co-transformation of PpCOL8 and PpMADS also delayed sand pear fruit senescence. The results of this study revealed that PpCOL8 can play a key role in pear fruit senescence by interacting with PpMADS through the SA signaling pathway.

[Introduction] Under the backdrop of "carbon peak and neutrality", coastal provinces and cities in China are gradually developing clean energy towards the ocean. The development of offshore wind farm has begun to take shape and achieved equal price of connection to power grid, and pilot projects for offshore floating photovoltaic (FPV) systems are emerging. The comprehensive development of a variety of marine resources, the intensive use of sea resources in the energy sector, and the creation of an integrated marine energy system are of great significance for coastal provinces to achieve high-quality carbon neutrality. [Method] The article summarized the current development and pilot projects of offshore FPV technology both inside and outside of China, analyzed the advantages and challenges of various offshore FPV technologies, predicted the future market size of offshore FPV in China, explored the integration development mode of offshore FPV and other offshore infrastructure, and provided the integration scenarios and economic analysis based on case studies. [Result] The offshore FPV technology is currently at the pilot stage with broad market in the future. The main technical challenge is the viability of floating structure under harsh marine environmental conditions, and the unit cost of the existing pilot projects is relatively high, however, it has enormous potential of combination with other marine facilities. [Conclusion] The integration of offshore FPV and other offshore facilities such as offshore wind power can effectively improve the utilization efficiency of energy facilities and reduce the cost of construction and operation. The complementary use of marine scenery also effectively solves the stability and security problems of a single energy supply.

Abstract Background Pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) is a complex procedure and easily accompanied by healthcare-associated infections (HAIs). This study aimed to assess the impact of PBD on postoperative infections and clinical outcomes in PD patients. Methods The retrospective cohort study were conducted in a tertiary hospital from January 2013 to December 2022. Clinical and epidemiological data were collected from HAIs surveillance system and analyzed. Results Among 2842 patients who underwent PD, 247 (8.7%) were diagnosed with HAIs, with surgical site infection being the most frequent type (n = 177, 71.7%). A total of 369 pathogenic strains were detected, with Klebsiella pneumoniae having the highest proportion, followed by Enterococcu and Escherichia coli. Although no significant association were observed generally between PBD and postoperative HAIs, subgroup analysis revealed that PBD was associated with postoperative HAIs in patients undergoing robotic PD (aRR = 2.174; 95% CI:1.011–4.674; P = 0.047). Prolonging the interval between PBD and PD could reduce postoperative HAIs in patients with cholangiocarcinoma (≥4 week: aRR = 0.292, 95% CI 0.100–0.853; P = 0.024) and robotic PD (≤2 week: aRR = 3.058, 95% CI 1.178–7.940; P = 0.022). PBD was also found to increase transfer of patients to ICU (aRR = 1.351; 95% CI 1.119–1.632; P = 0.002), extended length of stay (P

AbstractHemiboea pterocaulis is a unique species only found in Guilin, Guangxi, China. In this study, we sequenced and assembled the complete chloroplast genome of H. pterocaulis and revealed its phylogenetic relationship with other Hemiboea species. The chloroplast genome sequence of H. pterocaulis is 153,159 bp in length and comprises a large single-copy (LSC) region of 84,178 bp, a small single-copy (SSC) region of 18,087 bp, and a pair of inverted repeat (IR) regions, each with a length of 25,447 bp. It has a total GC content of 37.6% and encodes 132 genes, including 87 protein-coding genes, 37 tRNA genes, and eight rRNA genes. The phylogenetic relationships based on the complete chloroplast genome sequences of Hemiboea taxa indicate that H. pterocaulis is most closely related to H. suiyangensis, indicating that H. pterocaulis is an independent species and is separated from the H. subcapitata complex. These results provide valuable insights into the phylogeny, species divergence, and delimitation of the Hemiboea genus.

In this paper, we investigate the problem of stochastically comparing the second-order statistics from dependent and heterogeneous samples following modified proportional hazard rates scale (MPHRS) and modified proportional reversed hazard rates scale (MPRHRS) models under Archimedean copula. We built some sufficient conditions for the usual stochastic order whenever the samples have different parameter vectors. Finally, some numerical examples were provided to illustrate the theoretical results.

BackgroundDrought constitutes a major abiotic stress factor adversely affecting plant growth and productivity. Plant-microbe symbiotic associations have evolved regulatory mechanisms to adapt to environmental stress conditions. However, the interactive effects of different fungi on host growth and stress tolerance under drought conditions remain unclear.ObjectiveThis study explored the effects of varying polyethylene glycol (PEG-6000) concentrations (0%, 15%, 25%, and 35%) on the growth and physiological responses of two ectomycorrhizal fungi (Suillus granulatus (Sg) and Pisolithus tinctorius (Pt)) and two dark septate endophytes (Pleotrichocladium opacum (Po) and Pseudopyrenochaeta sp. (Ps)) isolated from the root system of Pinus tabuliformis. Specifically, the study aimed to evaluate six inoculation treatments, including no inoculation (CK), single inoculations with Sg, Pt, Po, Ps, and a mixed inoculation (Sg: Pt : Po: Ps = 1:1:1:1), on the growth and physiological characteristics of P. tabuliformis seedlings under different water regimes: well-watered at 70% ± 5%, light drought at 50% ± 5%, and severe drought at 30% ± 5% of the maximum field water holding capacity.ResultsAll four fungi exhibited the capacity to cope with drought stress by enhancing antioxidant activities and regulating osmotic balance. Upon successful root colonization, they increased plant height, shoot biomass, root biomass, total biomass, and mycorrhizal growth response in P. tabuliformis seedlings. Under drought stress conditions, fungal inoculation improved seedling drought resistance by increasing superoxide dismutase and catalase activities, free proline and soluble protein contents, and promoting nitrogen and phosphorus uptake. Notably, mixed inoculation treatments significantly enhanced antioxidant capacity, osmotic adjustment, and nutrient acquisition abilities, leading to superior growth promotion effects under drought stress compared to single inoculation treatments.ConclusionAll four fungi tolerated PEG-induced drought stress, with increased antioxidant enzyme activities and osmotic adjustment substances and they promoted the growth and enhanced drought resistance of P. tabuliformis seedlings.

This study aimed to explore the impact of caffeine (CAF) encapsulated in transferrin-modified, sterically-stabilized liposomes (Tf-SSL) on the physical performance of rats, specifically forelimb grip strength, running, and swimming. The brain-targeted drug delivery system, Tf-SSL, was used for the administration of caffeine. 168 male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly assigned to different groups, including swimming, running, running wheel, and strength groups. Each group was further subdivided into high, medium, and low dose free caffeine (HCAF, MCAF, LCAF) and Tf-SSL CAF groups, along with a control group (CON). The strength, swimming, and running groups underwent training for four weeks, three times per week. The running wheel group was placed in rearing cages for a one-week adaptation period. After the final training session, the resistance, swimming, running, and running wheel exercise capacities of the rats were tested. The rats were administered treatment via tail vein injection, while the blank CON group received 0.9 % saline solution without treatment throughout the entire process. The results demonstrated a Tf-SSL CAF group encapsulation rate of 70.58 ± 5.14 %. Increasing the concentration of supplemented caffeine led to enhanced forelimb grip strength in rats, with significant differences observed in HCAF alone group, medium-dose Tf-SSL CAF (MTf-SSL CAF), and high-dose Tf-SSL CAF (HTf-SSL CAF) groups compared to the CON group. In the running and swimming experiments, higher caffeine supplementation concentrations correlated with increased running and swimming time to exhaustion, and the MTf-SSL CAF group showed longer running and swimming time compared to the HCAF alone group. The results of rat striatal dopamine levels indicated that increased caffeine supplementation concentrations led to higher dopamine secretion, with significantly different striatal concentrations in the HCAF group, MTf-SSL CAF group, and HTf-SSL CAF group compared to the CON group. The running wheel experiment revealed that rats in the medium- and high-dose Tf-SSL CAF groups exhibited greater 6-h running distances than the HCAF group and CON group. In conclusion, caffeine supplementation improved the physical performance of rats, with the high concentration CAF group outperforming the low and medium concentration groups. Furthermore, Tf-SSL CAF demonstrated superior physical enhancement compared to caffeine supplementation alone.

Abstract The association between Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and colorectal liver metastases (CRLM) remains ambiguous in current population‐based evidence. To clarify this, we present a retrospective analysis of 5871 colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. Propensity score matching (PSM) was applied to harmonize age and sex disparities within HBV+ (n = 1696) and HBV‐ (n = 4175) groups and further within HBV+ subgroups of chronic (CHB, n = 474) and occult (OHB, n = 1222) infections. Our initial results indicated a significant association between HBV infection and synchronous colorectal liver metastasis (SYN‐CRLM); however, this association dissipated after PSM was employed to adjust for confounding variables. No significant association was observed between HBV infection and metachronous colorectal liver metastases (MET‐CRLM) both before and after PSM. Further analysis revealed that HBV replication status did not influence the incidence of CRLM. However, HBV+ participants demonstrated an increased incidence of metachronous extrahepatic metastases, particularly to the lungs. Our findings imply that neither past nor present HBV infection is significantly correlated with the occurrence of SYN‐CRLM or MET‐CRLM. The absence of an association between HBV replication status and CRLM incidence highlights the importance of incorporating a broader range of factors in the clinical management of CRLM beyond the status of HBV infection.

Effective protection and rational utilization of coastal zones have become an important way for sustainable development in coastal areas. The paper summarized the achievements and existing problems based on a review of research on protection and utilization in the coastal zones of Hainan Island, and explained the important significance of effective protection and rational utilization of coastal zones. Based on the coastal geology and coastal dynamics on the control mechanism of coastline, this paper deeply analyzed the unique and fragile ecological characteristics, human activities impact, and abundant tourism resources in the coastal zones of Hainan Island. It revealed the importance of coastal dynamic processes and coastal zones, and how the atmosphere, ocean, and land interact. A new concept of effective protection and rational utilization in the coastal zones of Hainan Island had been proposed, and a top strategic model for effective protection and rational utilization in the coastal zones of Hainan Island had been constructed. In order to promote the effective protection and rational utilization in the coastal zones of Hainan Island, it is necessary to take balance of nature as the basis, strengthen the investigation and research on the dynamic process of the coastal zones, scientifically assess the carrying capacity of tourist destinations, timely carry out resource data mining, monitoring and early warning, and start the declaration and construction of marine world natural heritage in Hainan Island, explore the "Hainan Model" with "legislation first, overall planning, macroeconomic regulation, scientific support, financial support, unified management, and public participation" as the core.

Abstract Endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-mitochondria contacts are critical for the regulation of lipid transport, synthesis, and metabolism. However, the molecular mechanism and physiological function of endoplasmic reticulum-mitochondrial contacts remain unclear. Here, we show that Mic19, a key subunit of MICOS (mitochondrial contact site and cristae organizing system) complex, regulates ER-mitochondria contacts by the EMC2-SLC25A46-Mic19 axis. Mic19 liver specific knockout (LKO) leads to the reduction of ER-mitochondrial contacts, mitochondrial lipid metabolism disorder, disorganization of mitochondrial cristae and mitochondrial unfolded protein stress response in mouse hepatocytes, impairing liver mitochondrial fatty acid β-oxidation and lipid metabolism, which may spontaneously trigger nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and liver fibrosis in mice. Whereas, the re-expression of Mic19 in Mic19 LKO hepatocytes blocks the development of liver disease in mice. In addition, Mic19 overexpression suppresses MCD-induced fatty liver disease. Thus, our findings uncover the EMC2-SLC25A46-Mic19 axis as a pathway regulating ER-mitochondria contacts, and reveal that impairment of ER-mitochondria contacts may be a mechanism associated with the development of NASH and liver fibrosis.

A chemical co-precipitation strategy was employed to synthesize a series of (Gd0.95−xLuxEu0.05)3Al5O12 (x = 0.1−0.95) powder phosphors, followed by vacuum sintering to achieve transparent garnet ceramic phosphors. The density functional theory indicated Lu3Al5O12 was formed in priority compared with Gd3Al5O12 during solid-phase reaction. Upon high-temperature sintering, the Lu3+ substitution for Gd3+ suppressed point mass diffusion leading to a smaller grain size. The in-line transmittances of bulk specimens with x = 0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 0.7, and 0.95 nm were ~83.5%, 80.1%, 68.8%, 73.7%, and 82.2% at 710 nm (Eu3+ emission center), respectively, among which the sample of x = 0.1 exhibited the optical grade with near-zero optical loss in agreement with the defect-free single crystal (~100% of the theoretical transmittance). The resulting particle and ceramic materials both presented characteristic Eu3+ emission arising from 5D0→7FJ (J = 1−4) transition, where the dominant far-red emission at ~710 nm arising from 5D0→7F4 transition overlapped with the absorption of phytochrome (PFR). The photoluminescence excitation and photoluminescence intensities of (Gd0.95−xLuxEu0.05)3Al5O12 powders and ceramics generally increased at a higher Gd3+/Lu3+ ratio. Lu3+ dopants delayed the fluorescence lifetime while the bulk samples had shorter lifetime compared to the particle counterparts. The transparent (Gd0.85Lu0.1Eu0.05)3Al5O12 ceramic phosphor exhibited good thermal stability with a high thermal quenching temperature above 533 K. The designed ceramic phosphor-converted light-emitting diode had a saturation injection current of 435 mA and a current-dependent color rendering index. More importantly, our report marked the developmental stage of transparent ceramic materials towards zero optical loss.

Eleven leptonetid species belonging to four genera collected in Jiangxi and Fujian Provinces, China are presented. Ten new species of midget cave spiders from southern China are diagnosed, described, and illustrated: Leptonetela dawu Yao & Liu, sp. nov., L. yuanhaoi Yao & Liu, sp. nov. and L. zuojiashanensis Yao & Liu, sp. nov. from Jiangxi; Longileptoneta guadunensis Yao & Liu, sp. nov., L. huboliao Yao & Liu, sp. nov., L. jiaxiani Yao & Liu, sp. nov., L. letuensis Yao & Liu, sp. nov., L. renzhouensis Yao & Liu, sp. nov., L. tianmenensis Yao & Liu, sp. nov., and Pararana mingxuani Yao & Liu, sp. nov. from Fujian. Furthermore, Falcileptoneta monodactyla (Yin, Wang & Wang, 1984) is recorded from Jiangxi province for the first time. Distributions records are given for all investigated species.

Abstract Background The pathogenesis of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) remained unclear. We aimed to profile the metabolic alterations in urine of SFTS patients and provide new evidence for its pathogenesis. Methods A case–control study was conducted in the 154th hospital in China. Totally 88 cases and 22 controls aged ≥ 18 years were enrolled. The cases were selected from laboratory-confirmed SFTS patients. The controls were selected among SFTSV-negative population. Those with diabetes, cancer, hepatitis and other sexually transmitted diseases were excluded in both groups. Fatal cases and survival cases were 1:1 matched. Inter-group differential metabolites and pathways were obtained, and the inter-group discrimination ability was evaluated. Results Tryptophan metabolism and phenylalanine metabolism were the top one important metabolism pathway in differentiating the control and case groups, and the survival and fatal groups, respectively. The significant increase of differential metabolites in tryptophan metabolism, including 5-hydroxyindoleacetate (5-HIAA), L-kynurenine (KYN), 5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan (5-HTP), 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid (3-HAA), and the increase of phenylpyruvic acid and decrease of hippuric acid in phenylalanine metabolism indicated the potential metabolic alterations in SFTSV infection. The increase of 5-HIAA, KYN, 5-HTP, phenylpyruvic acid and hippuric acid were involved in the fatal progress of SFTS patients. Conclusions Tryptophan metabolism and phenylalanine metabolism might be involved in the pathogenesis of SFTSV infection. These findings provided new evidence for the pathogenesis and treatment of SFTS.

Abstract Objective To discuss the value of computed tomography (CT) iterative reconstruction technique combined with target scanning in the diagnosis of solid pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas (SPTP). Methods The clinical information and CT examination data of 27 patients with SPTP were retrospectively analyzed, and the general condition and CT performance of the patients were observed. The CT image reconstruction algorithm of all patients used iterative reconstruction technique combined with the application of target scanning technique. Results A total of 27 patients were included in this study, including 6 males and 21 females, aged 14–72 years with a mean age of 39.6 ± 13.6 years. SPTP was more common in young and middle-aged females, with a low level of tumor markers, dominated by cystic-solid tumors. The combination of CT iterative reconstruction technology and targeted scanning revealed the following: the capsule of SPTP was clear and complete, where calcifications were visible, solid components were progressively enhanced, and rare pancreatic and bile duct dilation was seen. Tumors were cystic-solid in 18 of 27 patients with SPTP, of which the solid components showed isodensity or slightly low-density, with calcifications. The solid components and cyst walls were mildly enhanced during the arterial phase, and were progressively enhanced during the parenchymal phase, portal vein phase, and delayed phase, with their enhancement degree lower than that of normal pancreatic parenchyma, and pancreatic and bile duct dilation was rare. There were no statistical differences in tumor location, morphology, growth pattern, integrity of capsule, cystic or solid, calcifications, and enhancement features between the male group and the female group (P > 0.05). Conclusion The iterative reconstruction combined with target scanning clearly displayed the CT features of tumors, helping the diagnosis and clinical treatment of the disease.

Abstract Background Spinal subdural hematoma (SSH) is a rare cause of compression of the neutral elements of the spinal cord. However, little is known about the presentation of acute SSH after lumbar spine surgery. The reason for this may be that symptomatic SSH occurs rarely and is not given enough attention by spine surgeons. Currently, the decision to perform MRI postoperatively is more dependent on surgeon preference; therefore, no high-quality studies have been published. Our team reports our experience in the diagnosis and management of SSH after lumbar decompression and fusion surgery. Methods We retrospectively studied 215 patients who underwent routine MRI following minimal invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (MI-TLIF) between 2020-01-01 and 2022-06-30. The patients were divided into SSH group (17 cases) and non-SSH group (198 cases) according to the occurrence of SSH. Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis were performed to identify relevant risk factors that increase the risk of SSH postoperatively. Results None of the patients presented with serious neurologic symptoms, such as lower extremity paralysis or cauda equina syndrome that required emergency hematoma debridement. SSH was found in 17 (7.9%) patients and non-SSH in 198 (92.1%). Factors affecting SSH were presence of hypertension, presence of diabetes and postoperative anticoagulant therapy. The significantly independent risk factor of postoperative SSH were diabetes (P = 0.008, OR: 6.988) and postoperative anticoagulant therapy (P = 0.003, OR: 8.808). Conclusions SSH after MI-TLIF is not a rare condition, with generally no requirement of emergency evacuation. Comprehensive anti-symptomatic treatment could achieve satisfactory results. Diabetes mellitus and postoperative anticoagulant therapy are independent risk factors for SSH. Spine surgeons should hold applicability of the use of anticoagulants after lumbar surgery.

Summary: Background: Evidence on the long-term benefits and cost-effectiveness of colorectal cancer (CRC) screening strategies in China remains limited. This modelling study aims to address this issue for various CRC screening strategies in China between 2020 and 2060. Methods: Using a previously developed microsimulation model (MIMIC-CRC) with Chinese epidemiological data, we evaluated four CRC screening strategies targeting population aged 45–74 years: no screening, colonoscopy every 10 years, biennial faecal immunochemical testing (FIT), and a roll-out FIT screening strategy. Screening coverage (invitation) rates from 5% to 100% were analysed. Single-cohort analysis of 100,000 individuals was conducted to estimate the relative cost-effectiveness of each strategy. A multiple-cohort analysis of 100,000 people aged 40+ over 2020–2060 was conducted to project nation-wide long-term benefits and cost-effectiveness. Findings: In single-cohort analysis, all strategies yielded reductions in CRC incidence and mortality compared to no screening, with colonoscopy outperforming FIT-based strategies at the same invitation rates. In multiple-cohort analysis, among people over 40 years of age in China over 2020–2060, compared to no screening, at invitation rate of 5%, screening by colonoscopy, biennial FIT and roll-out FIT-based approach were estimated to avert 1.2, 0.4, and 0.3 million incident CRCs and 0.2, 0.1, and 0.1 million CRC-related deaths, respectively, compared to no screening (25.4 million incident CRCs and 4.4 million CRC-related deaths), and this preventive effect enlarged as the screening coverage rate increased. At full coverage, colonoscopy achieved the largest reductions (38.2% lower incidence and 43.2% lower mortality) but required the most resources. Biennial FIT and roll-out FIT-based approach screening was slightly less effective but had significant reduced colonoscopy needs (reduction of 83.8% and 85.2%, respectively) and overall cost (reduction of 23.4% and 37.8%, respectively) compared to colonoscopy screening. Interpretation: Nation-wide implementation of screening would be effective in reducing the burden of CRC in China. Biennial FIT and roll-out FIT-based screening strategies could prevent incident CRC cases and CRC-related deaths with considerably fewer resources than colonoscopy screening. Efforts should be made to increase the screening coverage in China. Funding: Chinese Academy of Medical Science Innovation Fund for Medical Science (2022-I2M-1-0031); National Natural Science Foundation of China (82173606; 82273726); Beijing Nova Program of Science and Technology (20230484397).

Objective: The study analyzed the impact of urbanization on epidemiological characteristics of respiratory infectious disease in Tongzhou District, Beijing during 2014–2022 to provide reference for prevention and control priorities of respiratory infectious diseases during the innovative urbanization process in China. Methods: The incidence data of notifiable respiratory infectious diseases (NRIDs) in Tongzhou Beijing during 2014–2022 were summarized. The trend of incidence rate was analyzed by Joinpoint regression model, and entropy method was performed to construct the comprehensive index of urbanization (CIU) and generalized linear model was used to analyze the influence of CIU on the incidence rate of respiratory infectious diseases. Results: Totally 72616 NRIDs cases were reported in Tongzhou District during 2014–2022, and the incidence rate of NRIDs was higher during 2017–2019 (153/100 000) than during 2014–2016 (930/100 000) and during 2020–2022 (371/100 000), respectively (both P

Abstract Background Insulin resistance is associated with chronic complications of diabetes, including diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN). Estimated glucose disposal rate (eGDR), calculated by the common available clinical factors, was proved to be an excellent tool to measure insulin resistance in large patient population. Few studies have explored the association between eGDR and DPN longitudinally. Therefore, we performed the current study to analyze whether eGDR could predict the risk of DPN. Methods In this prospective study, 366 type 2 diabetes (T2DM) subjects without DPN were enrolled from six communities in Shanghai in 2011–2014 and followed up until 2019–2020. Neuropathy was assessed by Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument (MSNI) at baseline and at the end of follow‐up. Findings After 5.91 years, 198 of 366 participants progressed to DPN according to MNSI examination scores. The incidence of DPN in the low baseline eGDR (eGDR

ObjectiveTo describe the lipid metabolic profile of different patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and contribute new evidence on the progression and severity prediction of COVID-19.MethodsThis case–control study was conducted in Peking University Third Hospital, China. The laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 patients aged ≥18 years old and diagnosed as pneumonia from December 2022 to January 2023 were included. Serum lipids were detected. The discrimination ability was calculated with the area under the curve (AUC). A random forest (RF) model was conducted to determine the significance of different lipids.ResultsTotally, 44 COVID-19 patients were enrolled with 16 mild and 28 severe patients. The top 5 super classes were triacylglycerols (TAG, 55.9%), phosphatidylethanolamines (PE, 10.9%), phosphatidylcholines (PC, 6.8%), diacylglycerols (DAG, 5.9%) and free fatty acids (FFA, 3.6%) among the 778 detected lipids from the serum of COVID-19 patients. Certain lipids, especially lysophosphatidylcholines (LPCs), turned to have significant correlations with certain immune/cytokine indexes. Reduced level of LPC 20:0 was observed in severe patients particularly in acute stage. The AUC of LPC 20:0 reached 0.940 in discriminating mild and severe patients and 0.807 in discriminating acute and recovery stages in the severe patients. The results of RF models also suggested the significance of LPCs in predicting the severity and progression of COVID-19.ConclusionLipids probably have the potential to differentiate and forecast the severity, progression, and clinical outcomes of COVID-19 patients, with implications for immune/inflammatory responses. LPC 20:0 might be a potential target in predicting the progression and outcome and the treatment of COVID-19.

Abstract Current management of anesthesia‐associated complications falls short in terms of both efficacy and safety. Nanomaterials with versatile properties and unique nano‐bio interactions hold substantial promise as therapeutics for addressing these complications. This review conducts a thorough examination of the existing nanotherapeutics and highlights the strategies for developing prospective nanomedicines to mitigate anesthetics‐related toxicity. Initially, general, regional, and local anesthesia along with the commonly used anesthetics and related prevalent side effects are introduced. Furthermore, employing nanotechnology to prevent and alleviate the complications of anesthetics is systematically demonstrated from three aspects, that is, developing 1) safe nano‐formulization for anesthetics; 2) nano‐antidotes to sequester overdosed anesthetics and alter their pharmacokinetics; 3) nanomedicines with pharmacodynamic activities to treat anesthetics toxicity. Finally, the prospects and challenges facing the clinical translation of nanotherapeutics for anesthesia‐related complications are discussed. This work provides a comprehensive roadmap for developing effective nanotherapeutics to prevent and mitigate anesthesia‐associated toxicity, which can potentially revolutionize the management of anesthesia complications.

Abstract Vapor sensors with both high sensitivity and broad detection range are technically challenging yet highly desirable for widespread chemical sensing applications in diverse environments. Generally, an increased surface‐to‐volume ratio can effectively enhance the sensitivity to low concentrations, but often with the trade‐off of a constrained sensing range. Here, an approach is demonstrated for NH3 sensor arrays with an unprecedentedly broad sensing range by introducing controllable steps on the surface of an n‐type single crystal. Step edges, serving as adsorption sites with electron‐deficient properties, are well‐defined, discrete, and electronically active. NH3 molecules selectively adsorb at the step edges and nearly eliminate known trap‐like character, which is demonstrated by surface potential imaging. Consequently, the strategy can significantly boost the sensitivity of two‐terminal NH3 resistance sensors on thin crystals with a few steps while simultaneously enhancing the tolerance on thick crystals with dense steps. Incorporation of these crystals into parallel sensor arrays results in ppb–to–% level detection range and a convenient linear relation between sheet conductance and semi‐log NH3 concentration, allowing for the precise localization of vapor leakage. In general, the results suggest new opportunities for defect engineering of organic semiconductor crystal surfaces for purposeful vapor or chemical sensing.

The metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) method is preferred for genotyping useful for the identification of organisms, illumination of metabolic pathways, and determination of microbiota. It can accurately obtain all the nucleic acid information in the test sample. Anthrax is one of the most important zoonotic diseases, infecting mainly herbivores and occasionally humans. The disease has four typical clinical forms, cutaneous, gastrointestinal, inhalation, and injection, all of which may result in sepsis or meningitis, with cutaneous being the most common form. Here, we report a case of cutaneous anthrax diagnosed by mNGS in a butcher. Histopathology of a skin biopsy revealed PAS-positive bacilli. Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue sample was confirmed the diagnosis of anthrax by mNGS. He was cured with intravenous penicillin. To our knowledge, this is the first case of cutaneous anthrax diagnosed by mNGS using FFPE tissue. mNGS is useful for identifying pathogens that are difficult to diagnose with conventional methods, and FFPE samples are simple to manage. Compared with traditional bacterial culture, which is difficult to cultivate and takes a long time, mNGS can quickly and accurately help us diagnose anthrax, so that anthrax can be controlled in a timely manner and prevent the outbreak of epidemic events.

Abstract The availability of an ever‐expanding portfolio of 2D materials with rich internal degrees of freedom (spin, excitonic, valley, sublattice, and layer pseudospin) together with the unique ability to tailor heterostructures made layer by layer in a precisely chosen stacking sequence and relative crystallographic alignments, offers an unprecedented platform for realizing materials by design. However, the breadth of multi‐dimensional parameter space and massive data sets involved is emblematic of complex, resource‐intensive experimentation, which not only challenges the current state of the art but also renders exhaustive sampling untenable. To this end, machine learning, a very powerful data‐driven approach and subset of artificial intelligence, is a potential game‐changer, enabling a cheaper – yet more efficient – alternative to traditional computational strategies. It is also a new paradigm for autonomous experimentation for accelerated discovery and machine‐assisted design of functional 2D materials and heterostructures. Here, the study reviews the recent progress and challenges of such endeavors, and highlight various emerging opportunities in this frontier research area.

Objectives: To explore epidemiological changes of Japanese encephalitis (JE) in a long-time span and evaluate the impact of mass immunisation. Method: Data on JE cases from hospitals and the county Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in Guizhou Province was collected between 2005 and 2021. Epidemiological changes were analyzed according to a series of policy implementations and the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Results: A total of 5138 JE cases and 152 deaths were reported in Guizhou Province during 2005–2021. The average incidence and case fatality rates were 0.83/100,000 and 2.96%, respectively. The JE prevalence showed a declining trend over the years with the reduced incidence gap between age groups and narrowing of the high-epidemic regions. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the JE activity reached its nadir in 2020. The inclusion in the Expanded Program on Immunization of the JE vaccine and catch-up immunisations showed a significant impact on the JE declining incidence rate. Conclusions: The implementation of JE immunisation programs has played a crucial role in controlling its spread. Continued efforts should be made to maintain high coverage of the JE vaccine and strengthen disease surveillance systems, ensuring JE effective control and eventual elimination.

This study examined the synergistic effects of combining Rhodiola rosea (RHO) and caffeine (CAF) supplementation on muscle endurance and explosiveness in SD rats and human subjects, encompassing individuals without prior exercise training experience and seasoned aerobic athletes. Male SD rats and healthy human volunteers were randomly divided into four groups: CAF, RHO, CAF + RHO, and a control group (CTR). Nutritional supplements were administered throughout the training period, and pre-and post-measurement data were collected. In both the rat model and human subjects, the RHO+CAF group demonstrated significantly greater effects compared to the use of RHO or CAF supplements individually. Rats in the RHO+CAF group demonstrated extended running and swimming times and an increase in erythropoietin (EPO) mRNA expression in comparison to the CTR. Blood parameters, such as serum EPO levels, were enhanced in the CAF + RHO group, while blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and lactate (LA) levels significantly decreased in both the RHO and CAF + RHO groups. Hepatic and muscle glycogen contents were also higher in these groups. The gene expression analysis in rats demonstrated an elevation in the mRNA levels of glucose transporter-4 (GLUT-4), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1 alpha (PGC-1α), Monocarboxylate transporter 1 (MCT-1), and Heme Oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in both the RHO and RHO+CAF groups. For individuals without prior aerobic training experience, the RHO+CAF group showed significant improvements compared to the CTR group in maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max), 5 km run, countermovement jump (CMJ), standing long jump, and 30 m sprint. For individuals with years of aerobic training experience, the RHO+CAF group exhibited enhanced performance in the 5 km run, CMJ, and standing long jump compared to the CTR group. In conclusion, the continuous 30 days supplementation of RHO, combined with a single dose of CAF, demonstrated superior effects on muscle endurance and explosiveness in both animal and human studies when compared to the use of RHO or CAF individually.

Zanthoxylum armatum is an economically important tree species. However, well-developed prickles on its stems and leaves pose serious challenges in terms of management and harvesting. To investigate the molecular mechanism underlying prickle development, we sequenced different stages of prickle morphological development and transcriptomes of different tissues in the root tips (Gen), leaf buds (Ya), and fruits of Z. armatum. The results revealed that proteins related to cell division and genes related to the growth hormone signaling pathway were highly expressed in the prickle just protrusion (PC1). In addition, a high expression of lignin biosynthesis genes was observed during the developmental onset of lignification (PC2) and prickle lignification (PC3). These findings indicate that phenylpropanoid biosynthesis and plant hormone signal transduction are key pathways for the completion of lignification development in the prickle. During prickle development, ZaMYB2 and ZaWRKY3 were significantly upregulated in PC2 and PC3, suggesting their possible involvement in prickle development. Transcriptome and qRT-PCR analyses revealed differential gene expression of zaPAL3, za4CLL1, zaCOMT1, ZaWRKY3, and ZaCCD31 in the Gen, Ya, newly formed fruit (ZaF1), newly oil-spotted fruits (ZaF2), PC1, PC2, and PC3 of Zarmatum. zaCCD31 was highly expressed in leaf buds, whereas Za4CLL1 was highly expressed in root tips. During the lignification of prickles, the relative expression of genes including zaMYB2 increased gradually; however, the relative expression of zaCCD31 decreased during this process. Therefore, we inferred that these genes might be closely related to prickle development. Notably, zaMYB2 was expressed at higher levels in PC2 and PC3 than in PC1 and was not expressed in Gen, Ya, ZaF1, and ZaF2. Therefore, zaMYB2 is a key gene involved in prickle development of Z. armatum that exhibited tissue-specific expression. This study establishes a foundation for future analyses of the molecular mechanism underlying prickle development in Z. armatum.

Background: Pancreatic head cancer accompanied by obstructive jaundice is a common clinical situation. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of preoperative biliary drainage (PBD) on clinical outcomes in patients with severe obstructive jaundice. Methods: Patients with a bilirubin level of ≥250 μmol/L at diagnosis who underwent PBD were included. The primary endpoints and secondary endpoints were the postoperative severe complications rates. Secondary endpoints were the degree of improvement in general condition, predictors of severe postoperative complications, and the impact of PBD on patients with bilirubin levels >300 μmol/L. Results: In total, 289 patients were included, and 188 patients (65.1%) underwent PBD. The patients who met the American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) classification II–III stages decreased from 119 to 100 (P = 0.047) after PBD. The overall severe complications were significantly more frequent in the direct surgery (DS) group than in the PBD group (34.7% vs. 22.9%, P = 0.031), especially the postoperative hemorrhage (6/43 [14.0%] vs. 9/35 [25.7%], P = 0.038) and intra-abdominal infection (6/43 [14.0%] vs. 10/35 [28.6%], P = 0.018). The ASA classifications II–III (odds ratio [OR]=2.89, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.38–4.31), P = 0.01) and DS (OR = 3.65, 95% CI: 1.45–7.08; P = 0.003) were independently associated with severe postoperative complications. The occurrence rate of severe postoperative complications in patients with a bilirubin level >300 μmol/L who underwent PBD was significantly lower than in patients who underwent DS (25.6% vs. 40.6%, P = 0.028), but the benefit of PBD was not observed in patients who had a bilirubin level between 250 and 300 μmol/L. Conclusion: PBD is useful in reducing severe postoperative complications, especially in patients with bilirubin levels >300 μmol/L.

AbstractIn this study, we sequenced and assembled the complete chloroplast genome of Chloranthus nervosus Collett ex Hemsl. 1890. The total length of the complete chloroplast sequence was found to be 158,002 bp. It consisted of a large single-copy (LSC) region of 87,127 bp, a small single-copy (SSC) region of 18,541 bp, and a pair of inverted repeat (IR) regions, each with a length of 26,167 bp. The overall GC content of the complete chloroplast genome was 38.9%, with the LSC region, SSC region, and IR regions exhibiting GC contents of 37.4%, 34.1%, and 43.1%, respectively. The annotation of the chloroplast genome revealed a total of 131 genes, comprising 86 protein-coding genes, 37 tRNA genes, and eight rRNA genes. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the seven sampled species of Chloranthus were divided into two clades. Within the clade characterized by long filamentous anther connectives, C. nervosus showed the closest relation to C. japonicus. These findings validated the previous preliminary results on the phylogenetic relationships of the seven species of Chloranthus with strong support.

Abstract Background Job stress has significant influence on the mental health of health care providers. The mental health and job stress of operating room nurses remain unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the mental health and job stress of nurses in surgical system in China, to provide evidences for clinical nurse management and care. Methods The nurses in the surgical system of our hospital were investigated by questionnaire in December 2022. The general information questionnaire, symptom check list 90 (SCL-90) and nurses’ job stressor scale (NJSS) were used for data collection. Pearson correlation and logistic analysis were conducted to evaluate the related influencing factors. Results A total of 171 nurses in surgical system were investigated. The mental health level of nurses in operating room was low. The job pressure of the nurses in the operating room was in the middle level. The nursing profession and work, workload and distribution, working environment and resources, patient care, management and interpersonal relationship were all positively correlated with SCL-90 score of nurses in operating room. Logistic regression analysis indicated that age, year of work experience, professional ranks and titles both are the influencing factors of SCL-90 score and of nurses in operating room. Conclusions The mental health of nurses in surgical system is affected by work pressure, ages, working years and professional titles. These factors should be considered in the psychological intervention of nurses in operating room in order to improve the health of clinical nurses.