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Faba bean variety demonstration was conducted at Adigollo kebelle (Ofla district, South Tigray, Ethiopia in 2016 main cropping season to demonstrate the performance of the Orobanche tolerant faba bean variety.

Linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) is one of the most important highland oil crops of southern Tigray, Ethiopia and it is considered as the least expensive source for oil related home consumptions. The 12 genotypes of linseed including two standard checks were evaluated in the highland and moisture stress area of Southern Tigray under rain fed condition with the objective of evaluating yield and yield components as well as their association. Observations were recorded for different characters, viz., days to maturity, plant height, and number of capsules per plant, number of seeds per capsule, 1000-seed weight and seed yield. Highly statistical significant (P < 0.01) differences were found among the genotypes for days to maturity, plant height and seed size. The standard checks (Bekoji and Kassa -2) were matured late (122 days after emergence) in the growing area as compared with the other genotypes. These genotypes had long plant height (89.4 and 87.3 cm, respectively) and they showed higher significant difference. Genotypes 20-Marc, 8-Marc, 4-Marc, 11-Marc and 31-Marc were matured with in 103, 104, and 105 days in that order and they were earlier as compared to others. Mean seed yield had positive correlation with all yield components except 1000 seed weight. Significantly higher positive significant correlation was observed among days to maturity and plant height (r= 0.73). Plant height also showed positively and significantly correlation with seed weight (0.54). Therefore, strong and positive association between seed yield and some of yield related traits provide the opportunity to improve seed yield and other desirable traits of linseed. Key words: Correlation, genotype (entry or variety), linseed, yield component.

The study aimed at evaluating the influence of environment on sweetpotato stability and identifying superior genotype(s) with high yield stability in the farmers’ field conditions. Six sweetpotato genotypes were evaluated for two years in ‘meher’ season (July- December), 2014 and 2016; four of the six genotypes were assessed for three years in the ‘meher’ season, 2012, 2014, and 2016. Planting was done in three replications in RCBD in three unique agro-ecologies: Endayesus-dry highland, Fachagama-dry lowland, Rarhe-moist lowland. Genotypes genetic merits were predicted using BLUP. The AMMI and GGE were used to test the genotypes stability. The ANOVA for AMMI model showed high significant difference (P0.01) for genotypes, environments, seasons, and the interactions. Environment (41.67%) and the genotype main effect (35.71%) contributed largely to the cumulative variance for three years testing of four genotypes and two years testing of six genotypes, respectively. Berkume (42.44 t/ha), Tulla (33.92 t/ha) and Kulfo (33.67 t/ha) were superior for total storage root tuber yield (TTRY).Both the AMMI and GGE biplot predicted Tulla and Kulfo as ideal genotypes with dynamic stability; Berkume with static stability to Rarhe. The environment main effect had significant influence in determining how genotypes expressed their genetic potentials and stability as shown by the AMMI model and GGE biplot. The AMMI model partitioned the studied agro-ecologies of the Tigray region into two mega sweetpotato growing environments; the dry high/lowland in one environment and the moist lowland in another, completely different, but with high potentials for sweetpotato production.

Thirty-two faba bean genotypes were evaluated for their yield and yield components in verstisol areas of Hashenge and Aiba in 2015. Alpha lattice design with two replications was used for the experiment. The Analysis of Variance showed highly significant differences (P

Dekoko (Pisum sativum var. abyssinicum) is a unique crop developed and cultivated in Ethiopia. The objectives of the study were; understanding the genetic variability present in Dekoko population, determining the correlation between grain yield, protein content and other traits and understanding traits that can be used for indirect selection for high grain yield and high protein content. Local collections of Dekoko were planted in 3 replications of the RCBD design at Mekhan farmers’ Training Centre in Endamekhoni during 2010.Traits such as days to flowering and maturity and leaf width had low phenotypic coefficient of variation and genotypic coefficient of variation and low genetic advance (

Seven sweet potato varieties (Bellela, Kabode, Kulfo, LO, Temesgen, Tulla and Vitae) were tested in southern and eastern zones of Tigra, Ethiopiay in 2012 to evaluate their total root yield potential. Randomized complete block design with three replications was used for the experiment Yield data was analyzed using combined ordinary analysis of variance and the additive main effect and multiplication interaction effect model (AMMI). The combined analysis of variance across locations showed significant variation among genotypes, locations and the genotypes by locations interaction for the total storage root yield (t/ha). Based on this, the superior mean total root yield (26.82 t/ha) was obtained at Kukufto testing location while the inferior (13.45 t/ha) was at Rarhe. Similarly, among the genotypes, LO gave the highest mean total root yield (30.9 t/ha), while bellela gave the lowest (7.78 t/ha). The AMMI analysis for the total storage root yield also showed highly significant difference for genotypes, locations and the genotypes by locations interaction components The contribution of genotype, location and genotype by location interaction to the total variation in root yield was about 54.1%, 21.4% and 19.4%, respectively. The genotype main effect contributed more to the total variability indicating that the variation was largely due to the inheritance of genotype effect. The genotype by location interaction was further partitioned using AMMI model and the first two principal components explained 100% of the total variability. The model captured 83.4 % of the interaction sum of squares with the first Interaction Principle Component Axis (IPCA) (in 58.3% of the interaction degrees of freedom) and 16.6% by the second IPCA axis (with 41.7% of the G x E d.f). AMMI biplot view of this study identified kukufto as best testing location and LO, Tulla and Kulfo as best genotypes for south and south east zones of Tigray region.

In this thesis, we analyze research regarding augmented reality (AR) and its use as an educational and training tool, for piano pedagogy specifically. Several exiting systems involve the use of AR in training and educational scenarios. The effectiveness of any one system varies based on the learning environment and how the technology is being used in a given scenario. Integrating new technology with learning environ-ments is not a simple process and if the technology is used in an ineffective way it can hinder the learning experience. To prevent this, it is important to have a comprehensive understanding of the users' needs as well as an argument as to why the technology will aid in the learning process. In order to work towards such an understanding and argument with respect to piano pedagogy, focusing on notation literacy, and Augmented Reality, we designed and implemented a series of prototypes of a piano training application called KeynVision (keen-vision) for the Microsoft Hololens. The design goal was to explore the introduction of octave scales, chords, and arpeggios to beginners while also improving their note literacy. The design of the developed prototypes was evaluated by an iterative playtesting process with a panel of experts and practitioners in piano pedagogy. By utilizing the benefits of augmented contextualization that mixed reality experiences provide, we created prototypes of an application that can meet the requirements needed to effectively aid students in the process of learning with beginner's exercises. Based on our research and the results of the expert panel, we believe that AR can be an effective tool for aiding students in the process of learning new tasks such as playing piano.

Seven sweet potato varieties were tested at three locations of southern and eastern zones of Tigray.in 2012 cropping season. The objective of the study was to evaluate the yield and yield componentsof the varieties and theexperiment was laid out in RCBD with three replications and inplot size of 4.2m x 2.4m. Net harvestable plot area was 7.2 m2with inter and intra-row spacing of 0.60m and 0.30m respectively. Individual analyses of variance for the three locations indicated the existence of significant to highly significant (P < 0.01) genotype differences for all traits except vine length, above ground fresh biomass weight and stand count at harvest considered at Rarhe and Kukufto locations. In addition, vine length, unmarketable storage root number per plot and stand count at harvest were also showed non-significance genotype difference at Illala location. Similarly, the combined analysis of variance across locations showed significant variation among genotypes, locations and the interaction for all traits except vine length and above ground fresh biomass weight. Kukufto was the highest total root yielding location followed by Illala for almost all varieties but Rarhe yielded lowest. Varieties tulla, LO and kulfo had highest total root yield at Kukufto and Illala locations. Vitae gave above average root yield only at Rarhe but kabode, temesgen and bellela yielded lower and below average total roots at all locations.Based on the combined mean total root yield of locations and different yield evaluation methods, high yielding varieties were identified. Accordingly, LO and Tulla varieties gave highest root yield per unit area at all locations, followed by Kulfo. Therefore, these varieties can play a vital role in food self sufficiency and food security of Tigray region and they should be widely distributed to farmers of the testing locations and similar areas of the region

32 faba bean genotypes were tested at Hashenge and Aiba in 2015 to evaluate the variability of large seeded faba bean genotypes for their yield and yield components in water logging areas. Alpha lattice design with two replications was used for the experiment. ANOVA has showed high statistical significant difference (P1 explained 83.7% of the total variation. The variance explained by PC1 was mostly due to traits related to DM, TSW, NSPP and NTPP,whereas PC II was mostly related to grain yield,plant height, NPPP and thousand seed weighttraits.In this experiment, the PC analysis ultimately showed the amount of variability for the traits that could be used for the improvement of large seed sized faba bean genotypes