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2. Polygenic Scores and Onset of Major Mood or Psychotic Disorders Among Offspring of Affected Parents

Author

Zwicker, A, Fullerton, JM, Mullins, N, Rice, F, Hafeman, DM, van Haren, NEM, Setiaman, N, Merranko, JA, Goldstein, BI, Ferrera, AG, Stapp, EK, de la Serna, E, Moreno, D, Sugranyes, G, Herrero, SM, Roberts, G, Toma, C, Schofield, PR, Edenberg, HJ, Wilcox, HC, McInnis, MG, Powell, V, Propper, L, Denovan-Wright, E, Rouleau, G, Castro-Fornieles, J, Hillegers, MHJ, Birmaher, B, Thapar, A, Mitchell, PB, Lewis, CM, Alda, M, Nurnberger, JI, Uher, R, Zwicker, A, Fullerton, JM, Mullins, N, Rice, F, Hafeman, DM, van Haren, NEM, Setiaman, N, Merranko, JA, Goldstein, BI, Ferrera, AG, Stapp, EK, de la Serna, E, Moreno, D, Sugranyes, G, Herrero, SM, Roberts, G, Toma, C, Schofield, PR, Edenberg, HJ, Wilcox, HC, McInnis, MG, Powell, V, Propper, L, Denovan-Wright, E, Rouleau, G, Castro-Fornieles, J, Hillegers, MHJ, Birmaher, B, Thapar, A, Mitchell, PB, Lewis, CM, Alda, M, Nurnberger, JI, and Uher, R

Published
2023

3. Predicting clinical outcome from reward circuitry function and white matter structure in behaviorally and emotionally dysregulated youth

Author

Bertocci, M A, Bebko, G, Versace, A, Fournier, J C, Iyengar, S, Olino, T, Bonar, L, Almeida, J R C, Perlman, S B, Schirda, C, Travis, M J, Gill, M K, Diwadkar, V A, Forbes, E E, Sunshine, J L, Holland, S K, Kowatch, R A, Birmaher, B, Axelson, D, Horwitz, S M, Frazier, T W, Arnold, L E, Fristad, M A, Youngstrom, E A, Findling, R L, and Phillips, M L

Published
2016
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4. The efficacy of smartphone-based interventions in bipolar disorder: systematic-review and meta-analyses. A position paper from the ISBD Big Data Task-Force

Author

Anmella, G., Hidalgo-Mazzei, D., Faurhoilt-Jepsen, M., Passos, I., Ballester, P., Kapczinski, F., Mwangi, B., Birmaher, B., Brietzke, E., Hajek, T., Lopez-Jaramillo, C., Mansur, R., Alda, M., Haarman, B., Isometsa, E., Lam, R., McIntyre, R., Minuzzi, L., Yatham, L., Duffy, A., Hafeman, D., Goldstein, T., Meier, S., Kessing, L., Vieta, E., and Clinical Cognitive Neuropsychiatry Research Program (CCNP)

Subjects
MENTAL-HEALTH INTERVENTIONS, SYMPTOMS, METAANALYSIS
Published
2021

7. P.0092 The efficacy of smartphone-based interventions in bipolar disorder: systematic-review and meta-analyses. A position paper from the ISBD Big Data Task-Force

Author

Anmella, G., primary, Hidalgo-Mazzei, D., additional, Faurhoilt-Jepsen, M., additional, Passos, I., additional, Ballester, P., additional, Kapczinski, F., additional, Mwangi, B., additional, Birmaher, B., additional, Brietzke, E., additional, Hajek, T., additional, Lopez-Jaramillo, C., additional, Mansur, R., additional, Alda, M., additional, Haarman, B., additional, Isometsa, E., additional, Lam, R., additional, McIntyre, R., additional, Minuzzi, L., additional, Yatham, L., additional, Duffy, A., additional, Hafeman, D., additional, Goldstein, T., additional, Meier, S., additional, Kessing, L., additional, and Vieta, E., additional

Published
2021
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10. Consensus on nomenclature for clinical staging models in bipolar disorder: A narrative review from the International Society for Bipolar Disorders (ISBD) Staging Task Force

Author

Kupka R, Duffy A, Scott J, Almeida J, Balanza-Martinez V, Birmaher B, Bond D, Brietzke E, Chendo I, Frey B, Grande I, Hafeman D, Hajek T, Hillegers M, Kauer-Sant'Anna M, Mansur R, van der Markt A, Post R, Tohen M, Tremain H, Vazquez G, Vieta E, Yatham L, Berk M, Alda M, and Kapczinski F

Subjects
bipolar disorders, clinical staging, nomenclature
Abstract

Objectives Clinical staging is widely used in medicine to map disease progression, inform prognosis, and guide treatment decisions; in psychiatry, however, staging remains a hypothetical construct. To facilitate future research in bipolar disorders (BD), a well-defined nomenclature is needed, especially since diagnosis is often imprecise with blurred boundaries, and a full understanding of pathophysiology is lacking. Methods Under the auspices of the International Society of Bipolar Disorders, a Task Force of international experts was convened to review, discuss, and integrate findings from the scientific literature relevant to the development of a consensus staging model and standardize a terminology that could be used to advance future research including staging of BD and related disorders. Results Consensus opinion and areas of uncertainty or difference were identified in regard to terms referring to staging as it may apply to BD, to at-risk status and subthreshold stages, and to various clinical stages of BD as it is currently diagnosed. Conclusion The use of a standardized nomenclature about the clinical stages of BD will facilitate communication about research on clinical and pathological components of this heterogeneous group of disorders. The concepts presented are based on current evidence, but the template provided allows for further refinements as etiological advances come to light.

Published
2021

11. Consensus on nomenclature for clinical staging models in bipolar disorder: A narrative review from the International Society for Bipolar Disorders (ISBD) Staging Task Force

Author

Kupka, R, Duffy, A, Scott, J, Almeida, J, Balanzá-Martínez, V, Birmaher, B, Bond, DJ, Brietzke, E, Chendo, I, Frey, BN, Grande, I, Hafeman, D, Hajek, T, Hillegers, M, Kauer-Sant’Anna, M, Mansur, RB, van der Markt, A, Post, R, Tohen, M, Tremain, H, Vazquez, G, Vieta, E, Yatham, LN, Berk, Michael, Alda, M, Kapczinski, F, Kupka, R, Duffy, A, Scott, J, Almeida, J, Balanzá-Martínez, V, Birmaher, B, Bond, DJ, Brietzke, E, Chendo, I, Frey, BN, Grande, I, Hafeman, D, Hajek, T, Hillegers, M, Kauer-Sant’Anna, M, Mansur, RB, van der Markt, A, Post, R, Tohen, M, Tremain, H, Vazquez, G, Vieta, E, Yatham, LN, Berk, Michael, Alda, M, and Kapczinski, F

Published
2021

12. Behavioral and emotional dysregulation trajectories marked by prefrontal–amygdala function in symptomatic youth

Author

Bertocci, M. A., Bebko, G., Olino, T., Fournier, J., Hinze, A. K., Bonar, L., Almeida, J. R. C., Perlman, S. B., Versace, A., Travis, M., Gill, M. K., Demeter, C., Diwadkar, V. A., White, R., Schirda, C., Sunshine, J. L., Arnold, L. E., Holland, S. K., Kowatch, R. A., Birmaher, B., Axelson, D., Youngstrom, E. A., Findling, R. L., Horwitz, S. M., Fristad, M. A., and Phillips, M. L.

Published
2014

20. Childhood factors associated with increased risk for mood episode recurrences in bipolar disorder-A systematic review

Author

Estrada-Prat X, Van Meter AR, Camprodon-Rosanas E, Batlle-Vila S, Goldstein BI, and Birmaher B

Subjects
bipolar disorder, mental disorders, recurrence, risk factors, review
Abstract

BACKGROUND: Bipolar Disorder (BD) is a recurrent illness associated with high morbidity and mortality. The frequency of mood episode recurrence in BD is highly heterogeneous and significantly impacts the person's psychosocial functioning and well-being. Understanding the factors associated with mood recurrences could inform the prognosis and treatment. The objective of this review is to summarize the literature on factors, present during childhood, that influence recurrence. METHODOLOGY: A systematic review of PubMed (1946-2017) and PsycINFO (1884-2017) databases was conducted to identify candidate studies. Search terms included bipolar disorder, episodes, predictors, recurrences, and course. Study characteristics, risk for bias, and factors associated with recurrence were coded by two raters according to predetermined criteria. RESULTS: Twenty child studies and 28 adult studies that retrospectively evaluated childhood variables associated with mood recurrences were included. Early age of onset, low socioeconomic status, comorbid disorders, inter-episode subsyndromal mood symptoms, BD-I/II subtypes, presence of stressors, and family history of BD were associated with higher number of recurrences. LIMITATIONS: Risk factors and mood recurrences were assessed and defined in different ways, limiting generalizability. CONCLUSION: Multiple factors are associated with increased risk of mood episode recurrence in BD. Interventions targeting modifiable factors could reduce the impact of BD. For example, treatment of comorbid disorders and subsyndromal mood symptoms, coupled with appropriate cognitive behavioral and family-focused therapies could ameliorate risk related to many clinical factors. When coupled with social services to address environmental factors, the number of episodes could be reduced and the course of BD significantly improved.

Published
2019

21. An International Society of Bipolar Disorders task force report: Precursors and prodromes of bipolar disorder

Author

Faedda, GL, Baldessarini, RJ, Marangoni, C, Bechdolf, A, Berk, M, Birmaher, B, Conus, P, DelBello, MP, Duffy, AC, Hillegers, MHJ, Pfennig, A, Post, RM, Preisig, M, Ratheesh, A, Salvatore, P, Tohen, M, Vazquez, GH, Vieta, E, Yatham, LN, Youngstrom, EA, Van Meter, A, Correll, CU, Faedda, GL, Baldessarini, RJ, Marangoni, C, Bechdolf, A, Berk, M, Birmaher, B, Conus, P, DelBello, MP, Duffy, AC, Hillegers, MHJ, Pfennig, A, Post, RM, Preisig, M, Ratheesh, A, Salvatore, P, Tohen, M, Vazquez, GH, Vieta, E, Yatham, LN, Youngstrom, EA, Van Meter, A, and Correll, CU

Abstract

OBJECTIVES: To clarify the clinical features preceding the onset of bipolar disorder (BD) has become a public health priority for the prevention of high morbidity and mortality. BD remains frequently under- or misdiagnosed, and under- or mistreated, often for years. METHODS: We assessed the predictive value of precursors and prodromes of BD. We assessed precursors of first-lifetime manic or hypomanic episodes with/without mixed features in retrospective and prospective studies. The task force evaluated and summarized separately assessments of familial risk, premorbid personality traits, retrospective, and prospective studies. RESULTS: Cyclothymic features, a family history of BD, retrospectively reported attenuated manic symptoms, prospectively identified subthreshold symptoms of hypomania, recurrence of depression, panic anxiety and psychotic features, have been identified as clinical precursors of BD. The prodromal symptoms like [hypo]mania often appears to be long enough to encourage early identification and timely intervention. CONCLUSIONS: The predictive value of any risk factor identified remains largely unknown. Prospective controlled studies are urgently needed for prevention and effective treatment.

Published
2019

24. Corrigendum to “Do sub-syndromal manic symptoms influence outcome in treatment resistant depression in adolescents? A latent class analysis from the TORDIA study” [Journal of Affective Disorders 138, 1–2 (2012): 86–95]

Author

Maalouf, F.T., primary, Porta, G., additional, Vitiello, B., additional, Emslie, G., additional, Mayes, T., additional, Clarke, G., additional, Wagner, K.D., additional, Asarnow, J.R., additional, Spirito, A., additional, Keller, M., additional, Birmaher, B., additional, Ryan, N., additional, Shamseddeen, W., additional, Iyengar, S., additional, and Brent, D., additional

Published
2019
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27. Diffusion imaging markers of bipolar versus general psychopathology risk in youth at-risk

Author

Versace, A., Ladouceur, C. D., Graur, S., Acuff, H. E., Bonar, L. K., Monk, K., McCaffrey, A., Yendiki, A., Leemans, A., Travis, M. J., Diwadkar, V. A., Holland, S. K., Sunshine, J. L., Kowatch, R. A., Horwitz, S. M., Frazier, T. W., Arnold, L. E., Fristad, M. A., Youngstrom, E. A., Findling, R. L., Goldstein, B. I., Goldstein, T., Axelson, D., Birmaher, B., Phillips, M. L., Versace, A., Ladouceur, C. D., Graur, S., Acuff, H. E., Bonar, L. K., Monk, K., McCaffrey, A., Yendiki, A., Leemans, A., Travis, M. J., Diwadkar, V. A., Holland, S. K., Sunshine, J. L., Kowatch, R. A., Horwitz, S. M., Frazier, T. W., Arnold, L. E., Fristad, M. A., Youngstrom, E. A., Findling, R. L., Goldstein, B. I., Goldstein, T., Axelson, D., Birmaher, B., and Phillips, M. L.

Published
2018

28. Diffusion imaging markers of bipolar versus general psychopathology risk in youth at-risk

Author

Imago ISI, Brain, Versace, A., Ladouceur, C. D., Graur, S., Acuff, H. E., Bonar, L. K., Monk, K., McCaffrey, A., Yendiki, A., Leemans, A., Travis, M. J., Diwadkar, V. A., Holland, S. K., Sunshine, J. L., Kowatch, R. A., Horwitz, S. M., Frazier, T. W., Arnold, L. E., Fristad, M. A., Youngstrom, E. A., Findling, R. L., Goldstein, B. I., Goldstein, T., Axelson, D., Birmaher, B., Phillips, M. L., Imago ISI, Brain, Versace, A., Ladouceur, C. D., Graur, S., Acuff, H. E., Bonar, L. K., Monk, K., McCaffrey, A., Yendiki, A., Leemans, A., Travis, M. J., Diwadkar, V. A., Holland, S. K., Sunshine, J. L., Kowatch, R. A., Horwitz, S. M., Frazier, T. W., Arnold, L. E., Fristad, M. A., Youngstrom, E. A., Findling, R. L., Goldstein, B. I., Goldstein, T., Axelson, D., Birmaher, B., and Phillips, M. L.

Published
2018

29. 0254 Fronto-Temporo-Occipital Cortical Thickness Measures Predict Poor Sleep Quality in At-Risk Youth

Author

Soehner, A M, primary, Hanford, L, additional, Bertocci, M A, additional, Ladouceur, C D, additional, Graur, S, additional, Mccaffrey, A, additional, Monk, K, additional, Bonar, L, additional, Hickey, M, additional, Axelson, D, additional, Diler, R, additional, Goldstein, B I, additional, Goldstein, T R, additional, Birmaher, B, additional, and Phillips, M L, additional

Published
2018
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30. The International Society for Bipolar Disorders Task Force report on pediatric bipolar disorder: Knowledge to date and directions for future research

Author

Goldstein, B.I. (Benjamin I.), Birmaher, B. (Boris), Carlson, G.A. (Gabrielle A.), DelBello, M.P. (Melissa P.), Findling, R.L. (Robert L.), Fristad, M. (Mary), Kowatch, R.A. (Robert A.), Miklowitz, D.J. (David J.), Nery, F.G. (Fabiano G.), Perez-Algorta, G. (Guillermo), Van Meter, A. (Anna), Zeni, C.P. (Cristian P.), Correll, C.U. (Christoph U.), Kim, H.-W. (Hyo-Won), Wozniak, J. (Janet), Chang, K.D. (Kiki), Hillegers, M.H.J. (Manon), Youngstrom, E.A. (Eric A.), Goldstein, B.I. (Benjamin I.), Birmaher, B. (Boris), Carlson, G.A. (Gabrielle A.), DelBello, M.P. (Melissa P.), Findling, R.L. (Robert L.), Fristad, M. (Mary), Kowatch, R.A. (Robert A.), Miklowitz, D.J. (David J.), Nery, F.G. (Fabiano G.), Perez-Algorta, G. (Guillermo), Van Meter, A. (Anna), Zeni, C.P. (Cristian P.), Correll, C.U. (Christoph U.), Kim, H.-W. (Hyo-Won), Wozniak, J. (Janet), Chang, K.D. (Kiki), Hillegers, M.H.J. (Manon), and Youngstrom, E.A. (Eric A.)

Abstract

Objectives: Over the past two decades, there has been tremendous growth in research regarding bipolar disorder (BD) among children and adolescents (ie, pediatric BD [PBD]). The primary purpose of this article is to distill the extant literature, dispel myths or exaggerated assertions in the field, and disseminate clinically relevant findings. Methods: An international group of experts completed a selective review of the literature, emphasizing areas of consensus, identifying limitations and gaps in the literature, and highlighting future directions to mitigate these gaps. Results: Substantial, and increasingly international, research has accumulated regarding the phenomenology, differential diagnosis, course, treatment, and neurobiology of PBD. Prior division around the role of irritability and of screening tools in diagnosis has largely abated. Gold-standard pharmacologic trials inform treatment of manic

Published
2017
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31. The International Society for Bipolar Disorders Task Force report on pediatric bipolar disorder: Knowledge to date and directions for future research

Author

Goldstein, BI, Birmaher, B, Carlson, GA, DelBello, MP, Findling, RL, Fristad, M, Kowatch, RA, Miklowitz, DJ, Nery, FG, Perez-Algorta, G, Van Meter, A, Zeni, CP, Correll, CU, Kim, HW, Wozniak, J, Chang, KD, Hillegers, Manon, Youngstrom, EA, Goldstein, BI, Birmaher, B, Carlson, GA, DelBello, MP, Findling, RL, Fristad, M, Kowatch, RA, Miklowitz, DJ, Nery, FG, Perez-Algorta, G, Van Meter, A, Zeni, CP, Correll, CU, Kim, HW, Wozniak, J, Chang, KD, Hillegers, Manon, and Youngstrom, EA

Published
2017

34. Psychopathology in the Dutch bipolar offspring study and the Pittsburgh bipolar offspring study (BIOS): similarities and differences

Author

Mesman, E., Birmaher, B. B., Derks, E. M., Vleeschouwer, M., Hickey, M. B., Goldstein, B. I., Goldstein, T., Axelson, D., Monk, K., Diller, R., Hafeman, D., Sakolsky, D. J., Vink, M., Reichart, C. G., Wals, M., Verhulst, F. C., Nolen, W. A., Hillegers, M. H. J., Mesman, E., Birmaher, B. B., Derks, E. M., Vleeschouwer, M., Hickey, M. B., Goldstein, B. I., Goldstein, T., Axelson, D., Monk, K., Diller, R., Hafeman, D., Sakolsky, D. J., Vink, M., Reichart, C. G., Wals, M., Verhulst, F. C., Nolen, W. A., and Hillegers, M. H. J.

Published
2016

35. Can emotional and behavioral dysregulation in youth be decoded from functional neuroimaging?

Author

Portugal, LCL, Rosa, MJ, Rao, A, Bebko, G, Bertocci, MA, Hinze, AK, Bonar, L, Almeida, JRC, Perlman, SB, Versace, A, Schirda, C, Travis, M, Gill, MK, Demeter, C, Diwadkar, VA, Ciuffetelli, G, Rodriguez, E, Forbes, EE, Sunshine, JL, Holland, SK, Kowatch, RA, Birmaher, B, Axelson, D, Horwitz, SM, Arnold, EL, Fristad, MA, Youngstrom, EA, Findling, RL, Pereira, M, Oliveira, L, Phillips, ML, Mourao-Miranda, J, Portugal, LCL, Rosa, MJ, Rao, A, Bebko, G, Bertocci, MA, Hinze, AK, Bonar, L, Almeida, JRC, Perlman, SB, Versace, A, Schirda, C, Travis, M, Gill, MK, Demeter, C, Diwadkar, VA, Ciuffetelli, G, Rodriguez, E, Forbes, EE, Sunshine, JL, Holland, SK, Kowatch, RA, Birmaher, B, Axelson, D, Horwitz, SM, Arnold, EL, Fristad, MA, Youngstrom, EA, Findling, RL, Pereira, M, Oliveira, L, Phillips, ML, and Mourao-Miranda, J

Abstract

Introduction High comorbidity among pediatric disorders characterized by behavioral and emotional dysregulation poses problems for diagnosis and treatment, and suggests that these disorders may be better conceptualized as dimensions of abnormal behaviors. Furthermore, identifying neuroimaging biomarkers related to dimensional measures of behavior may provide targets to guide individualized treatment. We aimed to use functional neuroimaging and pattern regression techniques to determine whether patterns of brain activity could accurately decode individual-level severity on a dimensional scale measuring behavioural and emotional dysregulation at two different time points. Methods A sample of fifty-seven youth (mean age: 14.5 years; 32 males) was selected from a multisite study of youth with parent-reported behavioral and emotional dysregulation. Participants performed a block-design reward paradigm during functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI). Pattern regression analyses consisted of Relevance Vector Regression (RVR) and two cross-validation strategies implemented in the Pattern Recognition for Neuroimaging toolbox (PRoNTo). Medication was treated as a binary confounding variable. Decoded and actual clinical scores were compared using Pearson's correlation coefficient (r) and mean squared error (MSE) to evaluate the models. Permutation test was applied to estimate significance levels. Results Relevance Vector Regression identified patterns of neural activity associated with symptoms of behavioral and emotional dysregulation at the initial study screen and close to the fMRI scanning session. The correlation and the mean squared error between actual and decoded symptoms were significant at the initial study screen and close to the fMRI scanning session. However, after controlling for potential medication effects, results remained significant only for decoding symptoms at the initial study screen. Neural regions with the highest contribution to the pattern regress

Published
2016

36. Psychopathology in the Dutch bipolar offspring study and the Pittsburgh bipolar offspring study (BIOS): similarities and differences

Author

Diagnostiek & Vroege Psychose Medisch, Onderzoeksgroep 3, Brain, Onderzoek, Mesman, E., Birmaher, B. B., Derks, E. M., Vleeschouwer, M., Hickey, M. B., Goldstein, B. I., Goldstein, T., Axelson, D., Monk, K., Diller, R., Hafeman, D., Sakolsky, D. J., Vink, M., Reichart, C. G., Wals, M., Verhulst, F. C., Nolen, W. A., Hillegers, M. H. J., Diagnostiek & Vroege Psychose Medisch, Onderzoeksgroep 3, Brain, Onderzoek, Mesman, E., Birmaher, B. B., Derks, E. M., Vleeschouwer, M., Hickey, M. B., Goldstein, B. I., Goldstein, T., Axelson, D., Monk, K., Diller, R., Hafeman, D., Sakolsky, D. J., Vink, M., Reichart, C. G., Wals, M., Verhulst, F. C., Nolen, W. A., and Hillegers, M. H. J.

Published
2016

37. Reward-related neural activity and structure predict future substance use in dysregulated youth

Author

Bertocci, M. A., primary, Bebko, G., additional, Versace, A., additional, Iyengar, S., additional, Bonar, L., additional, Forbes, E. E., additional, Almeida, J. R. C., additional, Perlman, S. B., additional, Schirda, C., additional, Travis, M. J., additional, Gill, M. K., additional, Diwadkar, V. A., additional, Sunshine, J. L., additional, Holland, S. K., additional, Kowatch, R. A., additional, Birmaher, B., additional, Axelson, D. A., additional, Frazier, T. W., additional, Arnold, L. E., additional, Fristad, M. A., additional, Youngstrom, E. A., additional, Horwitz, S. M., additional, Findling, R. L., additional, and Phillips, M. L., additional

Published
2016
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39. The influence of comorbid disorders on the episodicity of bipolar disorder in youth

Author

Yen, S., primary, Stout, R., additional, Hower, H., additional, Killam, M. A., additional, Weinstock, L. M., additional, Topor, D. R., additional, Dickstein, D. P., additional, Hunt, J. I., additional, Gill, M. K., additional, Goldstein, T. R., additional, Goldstein, B. I., additional, Ryan, N. D., additional, Strober, M., additional, Sala, R., additional, Axelson, D. A., additional, Birmaher, B., additional, and Keller, M. B., additional

Published
2015
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40. Altered functioning of reward circuitry in youth offspring of parents with bipolar disorder

Author

Manelis, A., primary, Ladouceur, C. D., additional, Graur, S., additional, Monk, K., additional, Bonar, L. K., additional, Hickey, M. B., additional, Dwojak, A. C., additional, Axelson, D., additional, Goldstein, B. I., additional, Goldstein, T. R., additional, Bebko, G., additional, Bertocci, M. A., additional, Gill, M. K., additional, Birmaher, B., additional, and Phillips, M. L., additional

Published
2015
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44. Reward-related neural activity and structure predict future substance use in dysregulated youth.

Author

Bertocci, M. A., Bebko, G., Versace, A., Iyengar, S., Bonar, L., Forbes, E. E., Almeida, J. R. C., Perlman, S. B., Schirda, C., Travis, M. J., Gill, M. K., Diwadkar, V. A., Sunshine, J. L., Holland, S. K., Kowatch, R. A., Birmaher, B., Axelson, D. A., Frazier, T. W., Arnold, L. E., and Fristad, M. A.

Subjects
BRAIN physiology, CEREBRAL cortex, SUBSTANCE abuse & psychology, ANALYSIS of variance, BIOMARKERS, EMOTIONS, LIMBIC system, MENTAL health, NEURORADIOLOGY, REGRESSION analysis, REWARD (Psychology)
Abstract

Background. Identifying youth who may engage in future substance use could facilitate early identification of substance use disorder vulnerability. We aimed to identify biomarkers that predicted future substance use in psychiatrically unwell youth. Method. LASSO regression for variable selection was used to predict substance use 24.3 months after neuroimaging assessment in 73 behaviorally and emotionally dysregulated youth aged 13.9 (S.D. = 2.0) years, 30 female, from three clinical sites in the Longitudinal Assessment of Manic Symptoms (LAMS) study. Predictor variables included neural activity during a reward task, cortical thickness, and clinical and demographic variables. Results. Future substance use was associated with higher left middle prefrontal cortex activity, lower left ventral anterior insula activity, thicker caudal anterior cingulate cortex, higher depression and lower mania scores, not using antipsychotic medication, more parental stress, older age. This combination of variables explained 60.4% of the variance in future substance use, and accurately classified 83.6%. Conclusions. These variables explained a large proportion of the variance, were useful classifiers of future substance use, and showed the value of combining multiple domains to provide a comprehensive understanding of substance use development. This may be a step toward identifying neural measures that can identify future substance use disorder risk, and act as targets for therapeutic interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2017
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