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1. Calibration Measurements of the BICEP3 and BICEP Array CMB Polarimeters from 2017 to 2024

Author

Giannakopoulos, Christos, Vergès, Clara, Ade, P. A. R., Ahmed, Zeeshan, Amiri, Mandana, Barkats, Denis, Thakur, Ritoban Basu, Bischoff, Colin A., Beck, Dominic, Bock, James J., Boenish, Hans, Buza, Victor, Cheshire IV, James R., Connors, Jake, Cornelison, James, Crumrine, Michael, Cukierman, Ari Jozef, Denison, Edward, Dierickx, Marion, Duband, Lionel, Eiben, Miranda, Elwood, Brodi D., Fatigoni, Sofia, Filippini, Jeff P., Fortes, Antonio, Gao, Min, Goeckner-Wald, Neil, Goldfinger, David C., Grayson, James A., Grimes, Paul K., Hall, Grantland, Halal, George, Halpern, Mark, Hand, Emma, Harrison, Sam A., Henderson, Shawn, Hubmayr, Johannes, Hui, Howard, Irwin, Kent D., Kang, Jae Hwan, Karkare, Kirit S., Kefeli, Sinan, Kovac, J. M., Kuo, Chao-Lin, Lau, King, Lautzenhiser, Margaret, Lennox, Amber, Liu, Tongtian, Megerian, Koko G., Miller, Oliver, Minutolo, Lorenzo, Moncelsi, Lorenzo, Nakato, Yuka, Nguyen, H. T., O'brient, Roger, Patel, Anika, Petroff, Matthew A., Polish, Anna R., Precup, Nathan, Prouve, Thomas, Pryke, Clement, Reintsema, Carl D., Romand, Thibault, Salatino, Maria, Schillaci, Alessandro, Schmitt, Benjamin, Singari, Baibhav, Soliman, Ahmed, Germaine, Tyler St, Steiger, Aaron, Steinbach, Bryan, Sudiwala, Rashmi, Thompson, Keith L., Tsai, Calvin, Tucker, Carole, Turner, Anthony D., Vieregg, Abigail G., Wandui, Albert, Weber, Alexis C., Willmert, Justin, Wu, Wai Ling K., Yang, Hung-I, Yu, Cyndia, Zeng, Lingzhen, Zhang, Cheng, and Zhang, Silvia

Subjects
Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

The BICEP3 and BICEP Array polarimeters are small-aperture refracting telescopes located at the South Pole designed to measure primordial gravitational wave signatures in the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) polarization, predicted by inflation. Constraining the inflationary signal requires not only excellent sensitivity, but also careful control of instrumental systematics. Both instruments use antenna-coupled orthogonally polarized detector pairs, and the polarized sky signal is reconstructed by taking the difference in each detector pair. As a result, the differential response between detectors within a pair becomes an important systematic effect we must control. Additionally, mapping the intensity and polarization response in regions away from the main beam can inform how sidelobe levels affect CMB measurements. Extensive calibration measurements are taken in situ every austral summer for control of instrumental systematics and instrument characterisation. In this work, we detail the set of beam calibration measurements that we conduct on the BICEP receivers, from deep measurements of main beam response to polarized beam response and sidelobe mapping. We discuss the impact of these measurements for instrumental systematics studies and design choices for future CMB receivers., Comment: 13 pages, 7 figures, 1 table, Proceedings paper SPIE 2024

Published
2024

2. CMB-S4: Iterative Internal Delensing and $r$ Constraints

Author

Belkner, Sebastian, Carron, Julien, Legrand, Louis, Umiltà, Caterina, Pryke, Clem, and Bischoff, Colin

Subjects
Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

The tightest constraints on the tensor-to-scalar ratio $r$ can only be obtained after removing a substantial fraction of the lensing $B$-mode sample variance. The planned CMB-S4 experiment will remove the lensing $B$-mode signal internally by reconstructing the gravitational lenses from high-resolution observations. We document here a first lensing reconstruction pipeline able to achieve this optimally for arbitrary sky coverage. We make it part of a map-based framework to test CMB-S4 delensing performance and its constraining power on $r$, including inhomogeneous noise and two non-Gaussian Galactic polarized foreground models. The framework performs component-separation of the high-resolution maps, followed by the construction of lensing $B$-mode templates, which are then included in a parametric small-aperture maps cross-spectra-based likelihood for $r$. We find that the lensing reconstruction and framework achieve the expected performance, compatible with the target $\sigma(r) \simeq 5\cdot 10^{-4}$ in the absence of a tensor signal, after an effective removal of $92\%$ to $93\%$ of the lensing $B$-mode variance, depending on the simulation set. The code for the lensing reconstruction can also be used for cross-correlation studies with large-scale structures, lensing spectrum reconstruction, cluster lensing, or other CMB lensing-related purposes. As part of our tests we also demonstrate joint optimal reconstruction of the lensing potential with the lensing curl potential mode, second-order in the density fluctuations., Comment: 29 pages, ApJ version

Published
2023
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3. Snowmass2021 Cosmic Frontier: Cosmic Microwave Background Measurements White Paper

Author

Chang, Clarence L., Huffenberger, Kevin M., Benson, Bradford A., Bianchini, Federico, Chluba, Jens, Delabrouille, Jacques, Flauger, Raphael, Hanany, Shaul, Jones, William C., Kogut, Alan J., McMahon, Jeffrey J., Meyers, Joel, Sehgal, Neelima, Simon, Sara M., Umilta, Caterina, Abazajian, Kevork N., Ahmed, Zeeshan, Akrami, Yashar, Anderson, Adam J., Ansarinejad, Behzad, Austermann, Jason, Baccigalupi, Carlo, Barkats, Denis, Barron, Darcy, Barry, Peter S., Battaglia, Nicholas, Baxter, Eric, Beck, Dominic, Bender, Amy N., Bennett, Charles, Beringue, Benjamin, Bischoff, Colin, Bleem, Lindsey, Bock, James, Bolliet, Boris, Bond, J Richard, Borrill, Julian, Brinckmann, Thejs, Brown, Michael L., Calabrese, Erminia, Carlstrom, John, Challinor, Anthony, Chang, Chihway, Chinone, Yuji, Clark, Susan E., Coulton, William, Cukierman, Ari, Cyr-Racine, Francis-Yan, Duff, Shannon M., Dvorkin, Cora, van Engelen, Alexander, Errard, Josquin, Eskilt, Johannes R., Essinger-Hileman, Thomas, Fabbian, Giulio, Feng, Chang, Ferraro, Simone, Filippini, Jeffrey, Freese, Katherine, Galitzki, Nicholas, Gawiser, Eric, Grin, Daniel, Grohs, Evan, Gruppuso, Alessandro, Gudmundsson, Jon E., Halverson, Nils W., Hamilton, Jean-Christophe, Harrington, Kathleen, Henrot-Versillé, Sophie, Hensley, Brandon, Hill, J. Colin, Hincks, Adam D., Hlozek, Renee, Holzapfel, William, Hotinli, Selim C., Hui, Howard, Ibitoye, Ayodeji, Johnson, Matthew, Johnson, Bradley R., Kang, Jae Hwan, Karkare, Kirit S., Knox, Lloyd, Kovac, John, Lau, Kenny, Legrand, Louis, Loverde, Marilena, Lubin, Philip, Ma, Yin-Zhe, Mroczkowski, Tony, Mukherjee, Suvodip, Münchmeyer, Moritz, Nagai, Daisuke, Nagy, Johanna, Niemack, Michael, Novosad, Valentine, Omori, Yuuki, Orlando, Giorgio, Pan, Zhaodi, Perotto, Laurence, Petroff, Matthew A., Pogosian, Levon, Pryke, Clem, Rahlin, Alexandra, Raveri, Marco, Reichardt, Christian L., Remazeilles, Mathieu, Rephaeli, Yoel, Ruhl, John, Schaan, Emmanuel, Shandera, Sarah, Shimon, Meir, Soliman, Ahmed, Stark, Antony A., Starkman, Glenn D., Stompor, Radek, Thakur, Ritoban Basu, Trendafilova, Cynthia, Tristram, Matthieu, Trivedi, Pranjal, Tucker, Gregory, Di Valentino, Eleonora, Vieira, Joaquin, Vieregg, Abigail, Wang, Gensheng, Watson, Scott, Wenzl, Lukas, Wollack, Edward J., Wu, W. L. Kimmy, Xu, Zhilei, Zegeye, David, and Zhang, Cheng

Subjects
Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Abstract

This is a solicited whitepaper for the Snowmass 2021 community planning exercise. The paper focuses on measurements and science with the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB). The CMB is foundational to our understanding of modern physics and continues to be a powerful tool driving our understanding of cosmology and particle physics. In this paper, we outline the broad and unique impact of CMB science for the High Energy Cosmic Frontier in the upcoming decade. We also describe the progression of ground-based CMB experiments, which shows that the community is prepared to develop the key capabilities and facilities needed to achieve these transformative CMB measurements., Comment: contribution to Snowmass 2021

Published
2022

4. Snowmass 2021 CMB-S4 White Paper

Author

Abazajian, Kevork, Abdulghafour, Arwa, Addison, Graeme E., Adshead, Peter, Ahmed, Zeeshan, Ajello, Marco, Akerib, Daniel, Allen, Steven W., Alonso, David, Alvarez, Marcelo, Amin, Mustafa A., Amiri, Mandana, Anderson, Adam, Ansarinejad, Behzad, Archipley, Melanie, Arnold, Kam S., Ashby, Matt, Aung, Han, Baccigalupi, Carlo, Baker, Carina, Bakshi, Abhishek, Bard, Debbie, Barkats, Denis, Barron, Darcy, Barry, Peter S., Bartlett, James G., Barton, Paul, Thakur, Ritoban Basu, Battaglia, Nicholas, Beall, Jim, Bean, Rachel, Beck, Dominic, Belkner, Sebastian, Benabed, Karim, Bender, Amy N., Benson, Bradford A., Besuner, Bobby, Bethermin, Matthieu, Bhimani, Sanah, Bianchini, Federico, Biquard, Simon, Birdwell, Ian, Bischoff, Colin A., Bleem, Lindsey, Bocaz, Paulina, Bock, James J., Bocquet, Sebastian, Boddy, Kimberly K., Bond, J. Richard, Borrill, Julian, Bouchet, Francois R., Brinckmann, Thejs, Brown, Michael L., Bryan, Sean, Buza, Victor, Byrum, Karen, Calabrese, Erminia, Calafut, Victoria, Caldwell, Robert, Carlstrom, John E., Carron, Julien, Cecil, Thomas, Challinor, Anthony, Chan, Victor, Chang, Clarence L., Chapman, Scott, Charles, Eric, Chauvin, Eric, Cheng, Cheng, Chesmore, Grace, Cheung, Kolen, Chinone, Yuji, Chluba, Jens, Cho, Hsiao-Mei Sherry, Choi, Steve, Clancy, Justin, Clark, Susan, Cooray, Asantha, Coppi, Gabriele, Corlett, John, Coulton, Will, Crawford, Thomas M., Crites, Abigail, Cukierman, Ari, Cyr-Racine, Francis-Yan, Dai, Wei-Ming, Daley, Cail, Dart, Eli, Daues, Gregorg, de Haan, Tijmen, Deaconu, Cosmin, Delabrouille, Jacques, Derylo, Greg, Devlin, Mark, Di Valentino, Eleonora, Dierickx, Marion, Dober, Brad, Doriese, Randy, Duff, Shannon, Dutcher, Daniel, Dvorkin, Cora, Dünner, Rolando, Eftekhari, Tarraneh, Eimer, Joseph, Bouhargani, Hamza El, Elleflot, Tucker, Emerson, Nick, Errard, Josquin, Essinger-Hileman, Thomas, Fabbian, Giulio, Fanfani, Valentina, Fasano, Alessandro, Feng, Chang, Ferraro, Simone, Filippini, Jeffrey P., Flauger, Raphael, Flaugher, Brenna, Fraisse, Aurelien A., Frisch, Josef, Frolov, Andrei, Galitzki, Nicholas, Gallardo, Patricio A., Galli, Silvia, Ganga, Ken, Gerbino, Martina, Giannakopoulos, Christos, Gilchriese, Murdock, Gluscevic, Vera, Goeckner-Wald, Neil, Goldfinger, David, Green, Daniel, Grimes, Paul, Grin, Daniel, Grohs, Evan, Gualtieri, Riccardo, Guarino, Vic, Gudmundsson, Jon E., Gullett, Ian, Guns, Sam, Habib, Salman, Haller, Gunther, Halpern, Mark, Halverson, Nils W., Hanany, Shaul, Hand, Emma, Harrington, Kathleen, Hasegawa, Masaya, Hasselfield, Matthew, Hazumi, Masashi, Heitmann, Katrin, Henderson, Shawn, Hensley, Brandon, Herbst, Ryan, Hervias-Caimapo, Carlos, Hill, J. Colin, Hills, Richard, Hivon, Eric, Hlozek, Renée, Ho, Anna, Holder, Gil, Hollister, Matt, Holzapfel, William, Hood, John, Hotinli, Selim, Hryciuk, Alec, Hubmayr, Johannes, Huffenberger, Kevin M., Hui, Howard, nez, Roberto Ibá, Ibitoye, Ayodeji, Ikape, Margaret, Irwin, Kent, Jacobus, Cooper, Jeong, Oliver, Johnson, Bradley R., Johnstone, Doug, Jones, William C., Joseph, John, Jost, Baptiste, Kang, Jae Hwan, Kaplan, Ari, Karkare, Kirit S., Katayama, Nobuhiko, Keskitalo, Reijo, King, Cesiley, Kisner, Theodore, Klein, Matthias, Knox, Lloyd, Koopman, Brian J., Kosowsky, Arthur, Kovac, John, Kovetz, Ely D., Krolewski, Alex, Kubik, Donna, Kuhlmann, Steve, Kuo, Chao-Lin, Kusaka, Akito, Lähteenmäki, Anne, Lau, Kenny, Lawrence, Charles R., Lee, Adrian T., Legrand, Louis, Leitner, Matthaeus, Leloup, Clément, Lewis, Antony, Li, Dale, Linder, Eric, Liodakis, Ioannis, Liu, Jia, Long, Kevin, Louis, Thibaut, Loverde, Marilena, Lowry, Lindsay, Lu, Chunyu, Lubin, Phil, Ma, Yin-Zhe, Maccarone, Thomas, Madhavacheril, Mathew S., Maldonado, Felipe, Mantz, Adam, Marques, Gabriela, Matsuda, Frederick, Mauskopf, Philip, May, Jared, McCarrick, Heather, McCracken, Ken, McMahon, Jeffrey, Meerburg, P. Daniel, Melin, Jean-Baptiste, Menanteau, Felipe, Meyers, Joel, Millea, Marius, Miranda, Vivian, Mitchell, Don, Mohr, Joseph, Moncelsi, Lorenzo, Monzani, Maria Elena, Moshed, Magdy, Mroczkowski, Tony, Mukherjee, Suvodip, Münchmeyer, Moritz, Nagai, Daisuke, Nagarajappa, Chandan, Nagy, Johanna, Namikawa, Toshiya, Nati, Federico, Natoli, Tyler, Nerval, Simran, Newburgh, Laura, Nguyen, Hogan, Nichols, Erik, Nicola, Andrina, Niemack, Michael D., Nord, Brian, Norton, Tim, Novosad, Valentine, O'Brient, Roger, Omori, Yuuki, Orlando, Giorgio, Osherson, Benjamin, Osten, Rachel, Padin, Stephen, Paine, Scott, Partridge, Bruce, Patil, Sanjaykumar, Petravick, Don, Petroff, Matthew, Pierpaoli, Elena, Pilleux, Mauricio, Pogosian, Levon, Prabhu, Karthik, Pryke, Clement, Puglisi, Giuseppe, Racine, Benjamin, Raghunathan, Srinivasan, Rahlin, Alexandra, Raveri, Marco, Reese, Ben, Reichardt, Christian L., Remazeilles, Mathieu, Rizzieri, Arianna, Rocha, Graca, Roe, Natalie A., Rotermund, Kaja, Roy, Anirban, Ruhl, John E., Saba, Joe, Sailer, Noah, Salatino, Maria, Saliwanchik, Benjamin, Sapozhnikov, Leonid, Rao, Mayuri Sathyanarayana, Saunders, Lauren, Schaan, Emmanuel, Schillaci, Alessandro, Schmitt, Benjamin, Scott, Douglas, Sehgal, Neelima, Shandera, Sarah, Sherwin, Blake D., Shirokoff, Erik, Shiu, Corwin, Simon, Sara M., Singari, Baibhav, Slosar, Anze, Spergel, David, Germaine, Tyler St., Staggs, Suzanne T., Stark, Antony A., Starkman, Glenn D., Steinbach, Bryan, Stompor, Radek, Stoughton, Chris, Suzuki, Aritoki, Tajima, Osamu, Tandoi, Chris, Teply, Grant P., Thayer, Gregg, Thompson, Keith, Thorne, Ben, Timbie, Peter, Tomasi, Maurizio, Trendafilova, Cynthia, Tristram, Matthieu, Tucker, Carole, Tucker, Gregory, Umiltà, Caterina, van Engelen, Alexander, van Marrewijk, Joshiwa, Vavagiakis, Eve M., Vergès, Clara, Vieira, Joaquin D., Vieregg, Abigail G., Wagoner, Kasey, Wallisch, Benjamin, Wang, Gensheng, Wang, Guo-Jian, Watson, Scott, Watts, Duncan, Weaver, Chris, Wenzl, Lukas, Westbrook, Ben, White, Martin, Whitehorn, Nathan, Wiedlea, Andrew, Williams, Paul, Wilson, Robert, Winch, Harrison, Wollack, Edward J., Wu, W. L. Kimmy, Xu, Zhilei, Yefremenko, Volodymyr G., Yu, Cyndia, Zegeye, David, Zivick, Jeff, and Zonca, Andrea

Subjects
Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Abstract

This Snowmass 2021 White Paper describes the Cosmic Microwave Background Stage 4 project CMB-S4, which is designed to cross critical thresholds in our understanding of the origin and evolution of the Universe, from the highest energies at the dawn of time through the growth of structure to the present day. We provide an overview of the science case, the technical design, and project plan., Comment: Contribution to Snowmass 2021. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1908.01062, arXiv:1907.04473

Published
2022

5. Plastic Laminate Antireflective Coatings for Millimeter-wave Optics in BICEP Array

Author

Dierickx, Marion, Ade, P. A. R., Ahmed, Zeeshan, Amiri, Mandana, Barkats, Denis, Thakur, Ritoban Basu, Bischoff, Colin A., Beck, Dominic, Bock, James J., Buza, Victor, Cheshire IV, James R., Connors, Jake, Cornelison, James, Crumrine, Michael, Cukierman, Ari Jozef, Denison, Edward, Duband, Lionel, Eiben, Miranda, Fatigoni, Sofia, Filippini, Jeff P., Giannakopoulos, Christos, Goeckner-Wald, Neil, Goldfinger, David, Grayson, James A., Grimes, Paul, Hall, Grantland, Halal, George, Halpern, Mark, Hand, Emma, Harrison, Sam A., Henderson, Shawn, Hildebrandt, Sergi, Hilton, Gene C., Hubmayr, Johannes, Hui, Howard, Irwin, Kent D., Kang, Jae Hwan, Karkare, Kirit S., Kefeli, Sinan, Kovac, J. M., Kuo, Chao-Lin, Lau, King, Leitch, Erik M., Lennox, Amber, Megerian, . G., Minutolo, Lorenzo, Moncelsi, Lorenzo, Nakato, Yuka, Namikawa, Toshiya, Nguyen, H. T., O'brient, Roger, Palladino, Steven, Petroff, Matthew, Precup, Nathan, Prouve, Thomas, Pryke, Clement, Racine, Benjamin, Reintsema, Carl D., Santalucia, Destiny, Schillaci, Alessandro, Schmitt, Benjamin, Singari, Baibhav, Soliman, Ahmed, Germaine, Tyler St, Steinbach, Bryan, Sudiwala, Rashmi, Thompson, Keith L., Tucker, Carole, Turner, Anthony D., Umiltà, Caterina, Verges, Clara, Vieregg, Abigail G., Wandui, Albert, Weber, Alexis C., Wiebe, Don, Willmert, Justin, Wu, Wai Ling K., Yang, Hung-I, Yoon, Ki Won, Young, Edward, Yu, Cyndia, Zeng, Lingzhen, Zhang, Cheng, and Zhang, Silvia

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

The BICEP/Keck series of experiments target the Cosmic Microwave Background at degree-scale resolution from the South Pole. Over the next few years, the "Stage-3" BICEP Array (BA) telescope will improve the program's frequency coverage and sensitivity to primordial B-mode polarization by an order of magnitude. The first receiver in the array, BA1, began observing at 30/40 GHz in early 2020. The next two receivers, BA2 and BA3, are currently being assembled and will map the southern sky at frequencies ranging from 95 GHz to 150 GHz. Common to all BA receivers is a refractive, on-axis, cryogenic optical design that focuses microwave radiation onto a focal plane populated with antenna-coupled bolometers. High-performance antireflective coatings up to 760 mm in aperture are needed for each element in the optical chain, and must withstand repeated thermal cycles down to 4 K. Here we present the design and fabrication of the 30/40 GHz anti-reflection coatings for the recently deployed BA1 receiver, then discuss laboratory measurements of their reflectance. We review the lamination method for these single- and dual-layer plastic coatings with indices matched to various polyethylene, nylon and alumina optics. We also describe ongoing efforts to optimize coatings for the next BA cryostats, which may inform technological choices for future Small-Aperture Telescopes of the CMB "Stage 4" experiment., Comment: 8 pages, 4 figures. Submitted to Journal of Low Temperature Physics

Published
2021
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6. CMB-S4: Forecasting Constraints on Primordial Gravitational Waves

Author

Abazajian, Kevork, Addison, Graeme E, Adshead, Peter, Ahmed, Zeeshan, Akerib, Daniel, Ali, Aamir, Allen, Steven W, Alonso, David, Alvarez, Marcelo, Amin, Mustafa A, Anderson, Adam, Arnold, Kam S, Ashton, Peter, Baccigalupi, Carlo, Bard, Debbie, Barkats, Denis, Barron, Darcy, Barry, Peter S, Bartlett, James G, Thakur, Ritoban Basu, Battaglia, Nicholas, Bean, Rachel, Bebek, Chris, Bender, Amy N, Benson, Bradford A, Bianchini, Federico, Bischoff, Colin A, Bleem, Lindsey, Bock, James J, Bocquet, Sebastian, Boddy, Kimberly K, Bond, J Richard, Borrill, Julian, Bouchet, François R, Brinckmann, Thejs, Brown, Michael L, Bryan, Sean, Buza, Victor, Byrum, Karen, Caimapo, Carlos Hervias, Calabrese, Erminia, Calafut, Victoria, Caldwell, Robert, Carlstrom, John E, Carron, Julien, Cecil, Thomas, Challinor, Anthony, Chang, Clarence L, Chinone, Yuji, Cho, Hsiao-Mei Sherry, Cooray, Asantha, Coulton, Will, Crawford, Thomas M, Crites, Abigail, Cukierman, Ari, Cyr-Racine, Francis-Yan, de Haan, Tijmen, Delabrouille, Jacques, Devlin, Mark, Di Valentino, Eleonora, Dierickx, Marion, Dobbs, Matt, Duff, Shannon, Dvorkin, Cora, Eimer, Joseph, Elleflot, Tucker, Errard, Josquin, Essinger-Hileman, Thomas, Fabbian, Giulio, Feng, Chang, Ferraro, Simone, Filippini, Jeffrey P, Flauger, Raphael, Flaugher, Brenna, Fraisse, Aurelien A, Frolov, Andrei, Galitzki, Nicholas, Gallardo, Patricio A, Galli, Silvia, Ganga, Ken, Gerbino, Martina, Gluscevic, Vera, Goeckner-Wald, Neil, Green, Daniel, Grin, Daniel, Grohs, Evan, Gualtieri, Riccardo, Gudmundsson, Jon E, Gullett, Ian, Gupta, Nikhel, Habib, Salman, Halpern, Mark, Halverson, Nils W, Hanany, Shaul, Harrington, Kathleen, Hasegawa, Masaya, Hasselfield, Matthew, Hazumi, Masashi, Heitmann, Katrin, and Henderson, Shawn

Subjects
Particle and High Energy Physics, Physical Sciences, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Physical Chemistry (incl. Structural), Astronomy & Astrophysics, Astronomical sciences, Particle and high energy physics, Space sciences
Abstract

CMB-S4 - the next-generation ground-based cosmic microwave background (CMB) experiment - is set to significantly advance the sensitivity of CMB measurements and enhance our understanding of the origin and evolution of the universe. Among the science cases pursued with CMB-S4, the quest for detecting primordial gravitational waves is a central driver of the experimental design. This work details the development of a forecasting framework that includes a power-spectrum-based semianalytic projection tool, targeted explicitly toward optimizing constraints on the tensor-to-scalar ratio, r, in the presence of Galactic foregrounds and gravitational lensing of the CMB. This framework is unique in its direct use of information from the achieved performance of current Stage 2-3 CMB experiments to robustly forecast the science reach of upcoming CMB-polarization endeavors. The methodology allows for rapid iteration over experimental configurations and offers a flexible way to optimize the design of future experiments, given a desired scientific goal. To form a closed-loop process, we couple this semianalytic tool with map-based validation studies, which allow for the injection of additional complexity and verification of our forecasts with several independent analysis methods. We document multiple rounds of forecasts for CMB-S4 using this process and the resulting establishment of the current reference design of the primordial gravitational-wave component of the Stage-4 experiment, optimized to achieve our science goals of detecting primordial gravitational waves for r > 0.003 at greater than 5σ, or in the absence of a detection, of reaching an upper limit of r < 0.001 at 95% CL.

Published
2022

7. CMB-S4: Forecasting Constraints on Primordial Gravitational Waves

Author

Collaboration, CMB-S4, Abazajian, Kevork, Addison, Graeme E., Adshead, Peter, Ahmed, Zeeshan, Akerib, Daniel, Ali, Aamir, Allen, Steven W., Alonso, David, Alvarez, Marcelo, Amin, Mustafa A., Anderson, Adam, Arnold, Kam S., Ashton, Peter, Baccigalupi, Carlo, Bard, Debbie, Barkats, Denis, Barron, Darcy, Barry, Peter S., Bartlett, James G., Thakur, Ritoban Basu, Battaglia, Nicholas, Bean, Rachel, Bebek, Chris, Bender, Amy N., Benson, Bradford A., Bianchini, Federico, Bischoff, Colin A., Bleem, Lindsey, Bock, James J., Bocquet, Sebastian, Boddy, Kimberly K., Bond, J. Richard, Borrill, Julian, Bouchet, François R., Brinckmann, Thejs, Brown, Michael L., Bryan, Sean, Buza, Victor, Byrum, Karen, Caimapo, Carlos Hervias, Calabrese, Erminia, Calafut, Victoria, Caldwell, Robert, Carlstrom, John E., Carron, Julien, Cecil, Thomas, Challinor, Anthony, Chang, Clarence L., Chinone, Yuji, Cho, Hsiao-Mei Sherry, Cooray, Asantha, Coulton, Will, Crawford, Thomas M., Crites, Abigail, Cukierman, Ari, Cyr-Racine, Francis-Yan, de Haan, Tijmen, Delabrouille, Jacques, Devlin, Mark, Di Valentino, Eleonora, Dierickx, Marion, Dobbs, Matt, Duff, Shannon, Dunkley, Jo, Dvorkin, Cora, Eimer, Joseph, Elleflot, Tucker, Errard, Josquin, Essinger-Hileman, Thomas, Fabbian, Giulio, Feng, Chang, Ferraro, Simone, Filippini, Jeffrey P., Flauger, Raphael, Flaugher, Brenna, Fraisse, Aurelien A., Frolov, Andrei, Galitzki, Nicholas, Gallardo, Patricio A., Galli, Silvia, Ganga, Ken, Gerbino, Martina, Gluscevic, Vera, Goeckner-Wald, Neil, Green, Daniel, Grin, Daniel, Grohs, Evan, Gualtieri, Riccardo, Gudmundsson, Jon E., Gullett, Ian, Gupta, Nikhel, Habib, Salman, Halpern, Mark, Halverson, Nils W., Hanany, Shaul, Harrington, Kathleen, Hasegawa, Masaya, Hasselfield, Matthew, Hazumi, Masashi, Heitmann, Katrin, Henderson, Shawn, Hensley, Brandon, Hill, Charles, Hill, J. Colin, Hlozek, Renée, Ho, Shuay-Pwu Patty, Hoang, Thuong, Holder, Gil, Holzapfel, William, Hood, John, Hubmayr, Johannes, Huffenberger, Kevin M., Hui, Howard, Irwin, Kent, Jeong, Oliver, Johnson, Bradley R., Jones, William C., Kang, Jae Hwan, Karkare, Kirit S., Katayama, Nobuhiko, Keskitalo, Reijo, Kisner, Theodore, Knox, Lloyd, Koopman, Brian J., Kosowsky, Arthur, Kovac, John, Kovetz, Ely D., Kuhlmann, Steve, Kuo, Chao-lin, Kusaka, Akito, Lähteenmäki, Anne, Lawrence, Charles R., Lee, Adrian T., Lewis, Antony, Li, Dale, Linder, Eric, Loverde, Marilena, Lowitz, Amy, Lubin, Phil, Madhavacheril, Mathew S., Mantz, Adam, Marques, Gabriela, Matsuda, Frederick, Mauskopf, Philip, McCarrick, Heather, McMahon, Jeffrey, Meerburg, P. Daniel, Melin, Jean-Baptiste, Menanteau, Felipe, Meyers, Joel, Millea, Marius, Mohr, Joseph, Moncelsi, Lorenzo, Monzani, Maria, Mroczkowski, Tony, Mukherjee, Suvodip, Nagy, Johanna, Namikawa, Toshiya, Nati, Federico, Natoli, Tyler, Newburgh, Laura, Niemack, Michael D., Nishino, Haruki, Nord, Brian, Novosad, Valentine, O'Brient, Roger, Padin, Stephen, Palladino, Steven, Partridge, Bruce, Petravick, Don, Pierpaoli, Elena, Pogosian, Levon, Prabhu, Karthik, Pryke, Clement, Puglisi, Giuseppe, Racine, Benjamin, Rahlin, Alexandra, Rao, Mayuri Sathyanarayana, Raveri, Marco, Reichardt, Christian L., Remazeilles, Mathieu, Rocha, Graca, Roe, Natalie A., Roy, Anirban, Ruhl, John E., Salatino, Maria, Saliwanchik, Benjamin, Schaan, Emmanuel, Schillaci, Alessandro, Schmitt, Benjamin, Schmittfull, Marcel M., Scott, Douglas, Sehgal, Neelima, Shandera, Sarah, Sherwin, Blake D., Shirokoff, Erik, Simon, Sara M., Slosar, Anze, Spergel, David, Germaine, Tyler St., Staggs, Suzanne T., Stark, Antony, Starkman, Glenn D., Stompor, Radek, Stoughton, Chris, Suzuki, Aritoki, Tajima, Osamu, Teply, Grant P., Thompson, Keith, Thorne, Ben, Timbie, Peter, Tomasi, Maurizio, Tristram, Matthieu, Tucker, Gregory, Umiltà, Caterina, van Engelen, Alexander, Vavagiakis, Eve M., Vieira, Joaquin D., Vieregg, Abigail G., Wagoner, Kasey, Wallisch, Benjamin, Wang, Gensheng, Watson, Scott, Westbrook, Ben, Whitehorn, Nathan, Wollack, Edward J., Wu, W. L. Kimmy, Xu, Zhilei, Yang, H. Y. Eric, Yasini, Siavash, Yefremenko, Volodymyr G., Yoon, Ki Won, Young, Edward, Yu, Cyndia, and Zonca, Andrea

Subjects
Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

CMB-S4---the next-generation ground-based cosmic microwave background (CMB) experiment---is set to significantly advance the sensitivity of CMB measurements and enhance our understanding of the origin and evolution of the Universe, from the highest energies at the dawn of time through the growth of structure to the present day. Among the science cases pursued with CMB-S4, the quest for detecting primordial gravitational waves is a central driver of the experimental design. This work details the development of a forecasting framework that includes a power-spectrum-based semi-analytic projection tool, targeted explicitly towards optimizing constraints on the tensor-to-scalar ratio, $r$, in the presence of Galactic foregrounds and gravitational lensing of the CMB. This framework is unique in its direct use of information from the achieved performance of current Stage 2--3 CMB experiments to robustly forecast the science reach of upcoming CMB-polarization endeavors. The methodology allows for rapid iteration over experimental configurations and offers a flexible way to optimize the design of future experiments given a desired scientific goal. To form a closed-loop process, we couple this semi-analytic tool with map-based validation studies, which allow for the injection of additional complexity and verification of our forecasts with several independent analysis methods. We document multiple rounds of forecasts for CMB-S4 using this process and the resulting establishment of the current reference design of the primordial gravitational-wave component of the Stage-4 experiment, optimized to achieve our science goals of detecting primordial gravitational waves for $r > 0.003$ at greater than $5\sigma$, or, in the absence of a detection, of reaching an upper limit of $r < 0.001$ at $95\%$ CL., Comment: 24 pages, 8 figures, 9 tables, submitted to ApJ. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1907.04473

Published
2020
Full Text
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8. CMB-S4 Decadal Survey APC White Paper

Author

Abazajian, Kevork, Addison, Graeme, Adshead, Peter, Ahmed, Zeeshan, Allen, Steven W., Alonso, David, Alvarez, Marcelo, Amin, Mustafa A., Anderson, Adam, Arnold, Kam S., Baccigalupi, Carlo, Bailey, Kathy, Barkats, Denis, Barron, Darcy, Barry, Peter S., Bartlett, James G., Thakur, Ritoban Basu, Battaglia, Nicholas, Baxter, Eric, Bean, Rachel, Bebek, Chris, Bender, Amy N., Benson, Bradford A., Berger, Edo, Bhimani, Sanah, Bischoff, Colin A., Bleem, Lindsey, Bock, James J., Bocquet, Sebastian, Boddy, Kimberly, Bonato, Matteo, Bond, J. Richard, Borrill, Julian, Bouchet, François R., Brown, Michael L., Bryan, Sean, Burkhart, Blakesley, Buza, Victor, Byrum, Karen, Calabrese, Erminia, Calafut, Victoria, Caldwell, Robert, Carlstrom, John E., Carron, Julien, Cecil, Thomas, Challinor, Anthony, Chang, Clarence L., Chinone, Yuji, Cho, Hsiao-Mei Sherry, Cooray, Asantha, Crawford, Thomas M., Crites, Abigail, Cukierman, Ari, Cyr-Racine, Francis-Yan, de Haan, Tijmen, de Zotti, Gianfranco, Delabrouille, Jacques, Demarteau, Marcel, Devlin, Mark, Di Valentino, Eleonora, Dobbs, Matt, Duff, Shannon, Duivenvoorden, Adriaan, Dvorkin, Cora, Edwards, William, Eimer, Joseph, Errard, Josquin, Essinger-Hileman, Thomas, Fabbian, Giulio, Feng, Chang, Ferraro, Simone, Filippini, Jeffrey P., Flauger, Raphael, Flaugher, Brenna, Fraisse, Aurelien A., Frolov, Andrei, Galitzki, Nicholas, Galli, Silvia, Ganga, Ken, Gerbino, Martina, Gilchriese, Murdock, Gluscevic, Vera, Green, Daniel, Grin, Daniel, Grohs, Evan, Gualtieri, Riccardo, Guarino, Victor, Gudmundsson, Jon E., Habib, Salman, Haller, Gunther, Halpern, Mark, Halverson, Nils W., Hanany, Shaul, Harrington, Kathleen, Hasegawa, Masaya, Hasselfield, Matthew, Hazumi, Masashi, Heitmann, Katrin, Henderson, Shawn, Henning, Jason W., Hill, J. Colin, Hlozek, Renée, Holder, Gil, Holzapfel, William, Hubmayr, Johannes, Huffenberger, Kevin M., Huffer, Michael, Hui, Howard, Irwin, Kent, Johnson, Bradley R., Johnstone, Doug, Jones, William C., Karkare, Kirit, Katayama, Nobuhiko, Kerby, James, Kernovsky, Sarah, Keskitalo, Reijo, Kisner, Theodore, Knox, Lloyd, Kosowsky, Arthur, Kovac, John, Kovetz, Ely D., Kuhlmann, Steve, Kuo, Chao-lin, Kurita, Nadine, Kusaka, Akito, Lahteenmaki, Anne, Lawrence, Charles R., Lee, Adrian T., Lewis, Antony, Li, Dale, Linder, Eric, Loverde, Marilena, Lowitz, Amy, Madhavacheril, Mathew S., Mantz, Adam, Matsuda, Frederick, Mauskopf, Philip, McMahon, Jeff, Meerburg, P. Daniel, Melin, Jean-Baptiste, Meyers, Joel, Millea, Marius, Mohr, Joseph, Moncelsi, Lorenzo, Mroczkowski, Tony, Mukherjee, Suvodip, Münchmeyer, Moritz, Nagai, Daisuke, Nagy, Johanna, Namikawa, Toshiya, Nati, Federico, Natoli, Tyler, Negrello, Mattia, Newburgh, Laura, Niemack, Michael D., Nishino, Haruki, Nordby, Martin, Novosad, Valentine, O'Connor, Paul, Obied, Georges, Padin, Stephen, Pandey, Shivam, Partridge, Bruce, Pierpaoli, Elena, Pogosian, Levon, Pryke, Clement, Puglisi, Giuseppe, Racine, Benjamin, Raghunathan, Srinivasan, Rahlin, Alexandra, Rajagopalan, Srini, Raveri, Marco, Reichanadter, Mark, Reichardt, Christian L., Remazeilles, Mathieu, Rocha, Graca, Roe, Natalie A., Roy, Anirban, Ruhl, John, Salatino, Maria, Saliwanchik, Benjamin, Schaan, Emmanuel, Schillaci, Alessandro, Schmittfull, Marcel M., Scott, Douglas, Sehgal, Neelima, Shandera, Sarah, Sheehy, Christopher, Sherwin, Blake D., Shirokoff, Erik, Simon, Sara M., Slosar, Anze, Somerville, Rachel, Staggs, Suzanne T., Stark, Antony, Stompor, Radek, Story, Kyle T., Stoughton, Chris, Suzuki, Aritoki, Tajima, Osamu, Teply, Grant P., Thompson, Keith, Timbie, Peter, Tomasi, Maurizio, Treu, Jesse I., Tristram, Matthieu, Tucker, Gregory, Umiltà, Caterina, van Engelen, Alexander, Vieira, Joaquin D., Vieregg, Abigail G., Vogelsberger, Mark, Wang, Gensheng, Watson, Scott, White, Martin, Whitehorn, Nathan, Wollack, Edward J., Wu, W. L. Kimmy, Xu, Zhilei, Yasini, Siavash, Yeck, James, Yoon, Ki Won, Young, Edward, and Zonca, Andrea

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

We provide an overview of the science case, instrument configuration and project plan for the next-generation ground-based cosmic microwave background experiment CMB-S4, for consideration by the 2020 Decadal Survey., Comment: Project White Paper submitted to the 2020 Decadal Survey, 10 pages plus references. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1907.04473

Published
2019

9. CMB-S4 Science Case, Reference Design, and Project Plan

Author

Abazajian, Kevork, Addison, Graeme, Adshead, Peter, Ahmed, Zeeshan, Allen, Steven W., Alonso, David, Alvarez, Marcelo, Anderson, Adam, Arnold, Kam S., Baccigalupi, Carlo, Bailey, Kathy, Barkats, Denis, Barron, Darcy, Barry, Peter S., Bartlett, James G., Thakur, Ritoban Basu, Battaglia, Nicholas, Baxter, Eric, Bean, Rachel, Bebek, Chris, Bender, Amy N., Benson, Bradford A., Berger, Edo, Bhimani, Sanah, Bischoff, Colin A., Bleem, Lindsey, Bocquet, Sebastian, Boddy, Kimberly, Bonato, Matteo, Bond, J. Richard, Borrill, Julian, Bouchet, François R., Brown, Michael L., Bryan, Sean, Burkhart, Blakesley, Buza, Victor, Byrum, Karen, Calabrese, Erminia, Calafut, Victoria, Caldwell, Robert, Carlstrom, John E., Carron, Julien, Cecil, Thomas, Challinor, Anthony, Chang, Clarence L., Chinone, Yuji, Cho, Hsiao-Mei Sherry, Cooray, Asantha, Crawford, Thomas M., Crites, Abigail, Cukierman, Ari, Cyr-Racine, Francis-Yan, de Haan, Tijmen, de Zotti, Gianfranco, Delabrouille, Jacques, Demarteau, Marcel, Devlin, Mark, Di Valentino, Eleonora, Dobbs, Matt, Duff, Shannon, Duivenvoorden, Adriaan, Dvorkin, Cora, Edwards, William, Eimer, Joseph, Errard, Josquin, Essinger-Hileman, Thomas, Fabbian, Giulio, Feng, Chang, Ferraro, Simone, Filippini, Jeffrey P., Flauger, Raphael, Flaugher, Brenna, Fraisse, Aurelien A., Frolov, Andrei, Galitzki, Nicholas, Galli, Silvia, Ganga, Ken, Gerbino, Martina, Gilchriese, Murdock, Gluscevic, Vera, Green, Daniel, Grin, Daniel, Grohs, Evan, Gualtieri, Riccardo, Guarino, Victor, Gudmundsson, Jon E., Habib, Salman, Haller, Gunther, Halpern, Mark, Halverson, Nils W., Hanany, Shaul, Harrington, Kathleen, Hasegawa, Masaya, Hasselfield, Matthew, Hazumi, Masashi, Heitmann, Katrin, Henderson, Shawn, Henning, Jason W., Hill, J. Colin, Hlozek, Renée, Holder, Gil, Holzapfel, William, Hubmayr, Johannes, Huffenberger, Kevin M., Huffer, Michael, Hui, Howard, Irwin, Kent, Johnson, Bradley R., Johnstone, Doug, Jones, William C., Karkare, Kirit, Katayama, Nobuhiko, Kerby, James, Kernovsky, Sarah, Keskitalo, Reijo, Kisner, Theodore, Knox, Lloyd, Kosowsky, Arthur, Kovac, John, Kovetz, Ely D., Kuhlmann, Steve, Kuo, Chao-lin, Kurita, Nadine, Kusaka, Akito, Lahteenmaki, Anne, Lawrence, Charles R., Lee, Adrian T., Lewis, Antony, Li, Dale, Linder, Eric, Loverde, Marilena, Lowitz, Amy, Madhavacheril, Mathew S., Mantz, Adam, Matsuda, Frederick, Mauskopf, Philip, McMahon, Jeff, McQuinn, Matthew, Meerburg, P. Daniel, Melin, Jean-Baptiste, Meyers, Joel, Millea, Marius, Mohr, Joseph, Moncelsi, Lorenzo, Mroczkowski, Tony, Mukherjee, Suvodip, Münchmeyer, Moritz, Nagai, Daisuke, Nagy, Johanna, Namikawa, Toshiya, Nati, Federico, Natoli, Tyler, Negrello, Mattia, Newburgh, Laura, Niemack, Michael D., Nishino, Haruki, Nordby, Martin, Novosad, Valentine, O'Connor, Paul, Obied, Georges, Padin, Stephen, Pandey, Shivam, Partridge, Bruce, Pierpaoli, Elena, Pogosian, Levon, Pryke, Clement, Puglisi, Giuseppe, Racine, Benjamin, Raghunathan, Srinivasan, Rahlin, Alexandra, Rajagopalan, Srini, Raveri, Marco, Reichanadter, Mark, Reichardt, Christian L., Remazeilles, Mathieu, Rocha, Graca, Roe, Natalie A., Roy, Anirban, Ruhl, John, Salatino, Maria, Saliwanchik, Benjamin, Schaan, Emmanuel, Schillaci, Alessandro, Schmittfull, Marcel M., Scott, Douglas, Sehgal, Neelima, Shandera, Sarah, Sheehy, Christopher, Sherwin, Blake D., Shirokoff, Erik, Simon, Sara M., Slosar, Anze, Somerville, Rachel, Spergel, David, Staggs, Suzanne T., Stark, Antony, Stompor, Radek, Story, Kyle T., Stoughton, Chris, Suzuki, Aritoki, Tajima, Osamu, Teply, Grant P., Thompson, Keith, Timbie, Peter, Tomasi, Maurizio, Treu, Jesse I., Tristram, Matthieu, Tucker, Gregory, Umiltà, Caterina, van Engelen, Alexander, Vieira, Joaquin D., Vieregg, Abigail G., Vogelsberger, Mark, Wang, Gensheng, Watson, Scott, White, Martin, Whitehorn, Nathan, Wollack, Edward J., Wu, W. L. Kimmy, Xu, Zhilei, Yasini, Siavash, Yeck, James, Yoon, Ki Won, Young, Edward, and Zonca, Andrea

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

We present the science case, reference design, and project plan for the Stage-4 ground-based cosmic microwave background experiment CMB-S4., Comment: 287 pages, 82 figures

Published
2019

10. Messengers from the Early Universe: Cosmic Neutrinos and Other Light Relics

Author

Green, Daniel, Amin, Mustafa A., Meyers, Joel, Wallisch, Benjamin, Abazajian, Kevork N., Abidi, Muntazir, Adshead, Peter, Ahmed, Zeeshan, Ansarinejad, Behzad, Armstrong, Robert, Baccigalupi, Carlo, Bandura, Kevin, Barron, Darcy, Battaglia, Nicholas, Baumann, Daniel, Bechtol, Keith, Bennett, Charles, Benson, Bradford, Beutler, Florian, Bischoff, Colin, Bleem, Lindsey, Bond, J. Richard, Borrill, Julian, Buckley-Geer, Elizabeth, Burgess, Cliff, Carlstrom, John E., Castorina, Emanuele, Challinor, Anthony, Chen, Xingang, Cooray, Asantha, Coulton, William, Craig, Nathaniel, Crawford, Thomas, Cyr-Racine, Francis-Yan, D'Amico, Guido, Demarteau, Marcel, Doré, Olivier, Yutong, Duan, Dunkley, Joanna, Dvorkin, Cora, Ellison, John, van Engelen, Alexander, Escoffier, Stephanie, Essinger-Hileman, Tom, Fabbian, Giulio, Filippini, Jeffrey, Flauger, Raphael, Foreman, Simon, Fuller, George, Garcia, Marcos A. G., García-Bellido, Juan, Gerbino, Martina, Gluscevic, Vera, Gontcho, Satya Gontcho A, Górski, Krzysztof M., Grin, Daniel, Grohs, Evan, Gudmundsson, Jon E., Hanany, Shaul, Handley, Will, Hill, J. Colin, Hirata, Christopher M., Hložek, Renée, Holder, Gilbert, Horiuchi, Shunsaku, Huterer, Dragan, Kadota, Kenji, Kamionkowski, Marc, Keeley, Ryan E., Khatri, Rishi, Kisner, Theodore, Kneib, Jean-Paul, Knox, Lloyd, Koushiappas, Savvas M., Kovetz, Ely D., L'Huillier, Benjamin, Lahav, Ofer, Lattanzi, Massimiliano, Lee, Hayden, Liguori, Michele, Lin, Tongyan, Loverde, Marilena, Madhavacheril, Mathew, Masui, Kiyoshi, McMahon, Jeff, McQuinn, Matthew, Meerburg, P. Daniel, Mirbabayi, Mehrdad, Motloch, Pavel, Mukherjee, Suvodip, Munõz, Julian B., Nagy, Johanna, Newburgh, Laura, Niemack, Michael D., Nomerotski, Andrei, Page, Lyman, Piacentni, Francesco, Pierpaoli, Elena, Pogosian, Levon, Pryke, Clement, Puglisi, Giuseppe, Stompor, Radek, Raveri, Marco, Reichardt, Christian L., Rose, Benjamin, Rossi, Graziano, Ruhl, John, Schaan, Emmanuel, Schubnell, Michael, Schutz, Katelin, Sehgal, Neelima, Senatore, Leonardo, Seo, Hee-Jong, Sherwin, Blake D., Simon, Sara, Slosar, Anže, Staggs, Suzanne, Stebbins, Albert, Suzuki, Aritoki, Switzer, Eric R., Timbie, Peter, Tristram, Matthieu, Trodden, Mark, Tsai, Yu-Dai, Umiltà, Caterina, Di Valentino, Eleonora, Vargas-Magaña, M., Vieregg, Abigail, Watson, Scott, Weiler, Thomas, Whitehorn, Nathan, Wu, W. L. K., Xu, Weishuang, Xu, Zhilei, Yasini, Siavash, Zaldarriaga, Matias, Zhao, Gong-Bo, Zhu, Ningfeng, and Zuntz, Joe

Subjects
Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Abstract

The hot dense environment of the early universe is known to have produced large numbers of baryons, photons, and neutrinos. These extreme conditions may have also produced other long-lived species, including new light particles (such as axions or sterile neutrinos) or gravitational waves. The gravitational effects of any such light relics can be observed through their unique imprint in the cosmic microwave background (CMB), the large-scale structure, and the primordial light element abundances, and are important in determining the initial conditions of the universe. We argue that future cosmological observations, in particular improved maps of the CMB on small angular scales, can be orders of magnitude more sensitive for probing the thermal history of the early universe than current experiments. These observations offer a unique and broad discovery space for new physics in the dark sector and beyond, even when its effects would not be visible in terrestrial experiments or in astrophysical environments. A detection of an excess light relic abundance would be a clear indication of new physics and would provide the first direct information about the universe between the times of reheating and neutrino decoupling one second later., Comment: 5 pages + references; 1 figure; science white paper submitted to the Astro2020 decadal survey

Published
2019

11. Primordial Non-Gaussianity

Author

Meerburg, P. Daniel, Green, Daniel, Abidi, Muntazir, Amin, Mustafa A., Adshead, Peter, Ahmed, Zeeshan, Alonso, David, Ansarinejad, Behzad, Armstrong, Robert, Avila, Santiago, Baccigalupi, Carlo, Baldauf, Tobias, Ballardini, Mario, Bandura, Kevin, Bartolo, Nicola, Battaglia, Nicholas, Baumann, Daniel, Bavdhankar, Chetan, Bernal, José Luis, Beutler, Florian, Biagetti, Matteo, Bischoff, Colin, Blazek, Jonathan, Bond, J. Richard, Borrill, Julian, Bouchet, François R., Bull, Philip, Burgess, Cliff, Byrnes, Christian, Calabrese, Erminia, Carlstrom, John E., Castorina, Emanuele, Challinor, Anthony, Chang, Tzu-Ching, Chaves-Montero, Jonas, Chen, Xingang, Yeche, Christophe, Cooray, Asantha, Coulton, William, Crawford, Thomas, Chisari, Elisa, Cyr-Racine, Francis-Yan, D'Amico, Guido, de Bernardis, Paolo, de la Macorra, Axel, Doré, Olivier, Duivenvoorden, Adri, Dunkley, Joanna, Dvorkin, Cora, Eggemeier, Alexander, Escoffier, Stephanie, Essinger-Hileman, Tom, Fasiello, Matteo, Ferraro, Simone, Flauger, Raphael, Font-Ribera, Andreu, Foreman, Simon, Friedrich, Oliver, Garcia-Bellido, Juan, Gerbino, Martina, Gluscevic, Vera, Goon, Garrett, Gorski, Krzysztof M., Gudmundsson, Jon E., Gupta, Nikhel, Hanany, Shaul, Handley, Will, Hawken, Adam J., Hill, J. Colin, Hirata, Christopher M., Hložek, Renée, Holder, Gilbert, Huterer, Dragan, Kamionkowski, Marc, Karkare, Kirit S., Keeley, Ryan E., Kinney, William, Kisner, Theodore, Kneib, Jean-Paul, Knox, Lloyd, Koushiappas, Savvas M., Kovetz, Ely D., Koyama, Kazuya, L'Huillier, Benjamin, Lahav, Ofer, Lattanzi, Massimiliano, Lee, Hayden, Liguori, Michele, Loverde, Marilena, Madhavacheril, Mathew, Maldacena, Juan, Marsh, M. C. David, Masui, Kiyoshi, Matarrese, Sabino, McAllister, Liam, McMahon, Jeff, McQuinn, Matthew, Meyers, Joel, Mirbabayi, Mehrdad, Dizgah, Azadeh Moradinezhad, Motloch, Pavel, Mukherjee, Suvodip, Muñoz, Julian B., Myers, Adam D., Nagy, Johanna, Naselsky, Pavel, Nati, Federico, Newburgh, Nicolis, Alberto, Niemack, Michael D., Niz, Gustavo, Nomerotski, Andrei, Page, Lyman, Pajer, Enrico, Padmanabhan, Hamsa, Palma, Gonzalo A., Peiris, Hiranya V., Percival, Will J., Piacentni, Francesco, Pimentel, Guilherme L., Pogosian, Levon, Prescod-Weinstein, Chanda, Pryke, Clement, Puglisi, Giuseppe, Racine, Benjamin, Stompor, Radek, Raveri, Marco, Remazeilles, Mathieu, Rocha, Gracca, Ross, Ashley J., Rossi, Graziano, Ruhl, John, Sasaki, Misao, Schaan, Emmanuel, Schillaci, Alessandro, Schmittfull, Marcel, Sehgal, Neelima, Senatore, Leonardo, Seo, Hee-Jong, Shan, Huanyuan, Shandera, Sarah, Sherwin, Blake D., Silverstein, Eva, Simon, Sara, Slosar, Anže, Staggs, Suzanne, Starkman, Glenn, Stebbins, Albert, Suzuki, Aritoki, Switzer, Eric R., Timbie, Peter, Tolley, Andrew J., Tomasi, Maurizio, Tristram, Matthieu, Trodden, Mark, Tsai, Yu-Dai, Uhlemann, Cora, Umilta, Caterina, van Engelen, Alexander, Vargas-Magaña, M., Vieregg, Abigail, Wallisch, Benjamin, Wands, David, Wandelt, Benjamin, Wang, Yi, Watson, Scott, Wise, Mark, Wu, W. L. K., Xianyu, Zhong-Zhi, Xu, Weishuang, Yasini, Siavash, Young, Sam, Yutong, Duan, Zaldarriaga, Matias, Zemcov, Michael, Zhao, Gong-Bo, Zheng, Yi, and Zhu, Ningfeng

Subjects
Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, High Energy Physics - Theory
Abstract

Our current understanding of the Universe is established through the pristine measurements of structure in the cosmic microwave background (CMB) and the distribution and shapes of galaxies tracing the large scale structure (LSS) of the Universe. One key ingredient that underlies cosmological observables is that the field that sources the observed structure is assumed to be initially Gaussian with high precision. Nevertheless, a minimal deviation from Gaussianityis perhaps the most robust theoretical prediction of models that explain the observed Universe; itis necessarily present even in the simplest scenarios. In addition, most inflationary models produce far higher levels of non-Gaussianity. Since non-Gaussianity directly probes the dynamics in the early Universe, a detection would present a monumental discovery in cosmology, providing clues about physics at energy scales as high as the GUT scale., Comment: 5 pages + references; Submitted to the Astro2020 call for science white papers. This version: fixed author list

Published
2019

12. CMB-S4: Forecasting Constraints on Primordial Gravitational Waves

Author

Collaboration, The CMB-S4, :, Abazajian, Kevork, Addison, Graeme E, Adshead, Peter, Ahmed, Zeeshan, Akerib, Daniel, Ali, Aamir, Allen, Steven W, Alonso, David, Alvarez, Marcelo, Amin, Mustafa A, Anderson, Adam, Arnold, Kam S, Ashton, Peter, Baccigalupi, Carlo, Bard, Debbie, Barkats, Denis, Barron, Darcy, Barry, Peter S, Bartlett, James G, Thakur, Ritoban Basu, Battaglia, Nicholas, Bean, Rachel, Bebek, Chris, Bender, Amy N, Benson, Bradford A, Bianchini, Federico, Bischoff, Colin A, Bleem, Lindsey, Bock, James J, Bocquet, Sebastian, Boddy, Kimberly K, Bond, J Richard, Borrill, Julian, Bouchet, François R, Brinckmann, Thejs, Brown, Michael L, Bryan, Sean, Buza, Victor, Byrum, Karen, Caimapo, Carlos Hervias, Calabrese, Erminia, Calafut, Victoria, Caldwell, Robert, Carlstrom, John E, Carron, Julien, Cecil, Thomas, Challinor, Anthony, Chang, Clarence L, Chinone, Yuji, Cho, Hsiao-Mei Sherry, Cooray, Asantha, Coulton, Will, Crawford, Thomas M, Crites, Abigail, Cukierman, Ari, Cyr-Racine, Francis-Yan, de Haan, Tijmen, Delabrouille, Jacques, Devlin, Mark, Di Valentino, Eleonora, Dierickx, Marion, Dobbs, Matt, Duff, Shannon, Dunkley, Jo, Dvorkin, Cora, Eimer, Joseph, Elleflot, Tucker, Errard, Josquin, Essinger-Hileman, Thomas, Fabbian, Giulio, Feng, Chang, Ferraro, Simone, Filippini, Jeffrey P, Flauger, Raphael, Flaugher, Brenna, Fraisse, Aurelien A, Frolov, Andrei, Galitzki, Nicholas, Gallardo, Patricio A, Galli, Silvia, Ganga, Ken, Gerbino, Martina, Gluscevic, Vera, Goeckner-Wald, Neil, Green, Daniel, Grin, Daniel, Grohs, Evan, Gualtieri, Riccardo, Gudmundsson, Jon E, Gullett, Ian, Gupta, Nikhel, Habib, Salman, Halpern, Mark, Halverson, Nils W, Hanany, Shaul, Harrington, Kathleen, Hasegawa, Masaya, and Hasselfield, Matthew

Subjects
astro-ph.CO
Abstract

CMB-S4---the next-generation ground-based cosmic microwave background (CMB)experiment---is set to significantly advance the sensitivity of CMBmeasurements and enhance our understanding of the origin and evolution of theUniverse, from the highest energies at the dawn of time through the growth ofstructure to the present day. Among the science cases pursued with CMB-S4, thequest for detecting primordial gravitational waves is a central driver of theexperimental design. This work details the development of a forecastingframework that includes a power-spectrum-based semi-analytic projection tool,targeted explicitly towards optimizing constraints on the tensor-to-scalarratio, $r$, in the presence of Galactic foregrounds and gravitational lensingof the CMB. This framework is unique in its direct use of information from theachieved performance of current Stage 2--3 CMB experiments to robustly forecastthe science reach of upcoming CMB-polarization endeavors. The methodologyallows for rapid iteration over experimental configurations and offers aflexible way to optimize the design of future experiments given a desiredscientific goal. To form a closed-loop process, we couple this semi-analytictool with map-based validation studies, which allow for the injection ofadditional complexity and verification of our forecasts with severalindependent analysis methods. We document multiple rounds of forecasts forCMB-S4 using this process and the resulting establishment of the currentreference design of the primordial gravitational-wave component of the Stage-4experiment, optimized to achieve our science goals of detecting primordialgravitational waves for $r > 0.003$ at greater than $5\sigma$, or, in theabsence of a detection, of reaching an upper limit of $r < 0.001$ at $95\%$ CL.

Published
2020

13. Primordial Non-Gaussianity

Author

Meerburg, P Daniel, Green, Daniel, Abidi, Muntazir, Amin, Mustafa A, Adshead, Peter, Ahmed, Zeeshan, Alonso, David, Ansarinejad, Behzad, Armstrong, Robert, Avila, Santiago, Baccigalupi, Carlo, Baldauf, Tobias, Ballardini, Mario, Bandura, Kevin, Bartolo, Nicola, Battaglia, Nicholas, Baumann, Daniel, Bavdhankar, Chetan, Bernal, José Luis, Beutler, Florian, Biagetti, Matteo, Bischoff, Colin, Blazek, Jonathan, Bond, J Richard, Borrill, Julian, Bouchet, François R, Bull, Philip, Burgess, Cliff, Byrnes, Christian, Calabrese, Erminia, Carlstrom, John E, Castorina, Emanuele, Challinor, Anthony, Chang, Tzu-Ching, Chaves-Montero, Jonas, Chen, Xingang, Yeche, Christophe, Cooray, Asantha, Coulton, William, Crawford, Thomas, Chisari, Elisa, Cyr-Racine, Francis-Yan, D'Amico, Guido, de Bernardis, Paolo, de la Macorra, Axel, Doré, Olivier, Duivenvoorden, Adri, Dunkley, Joanna, Dvorkin, Cora, Eggemeier, Alexander, Escoffier, Stephanie, Essinger-Hileman, Tom, Fasiello, Matteo, Ferraro, Simone, Flauger, Raphael, Font-Ribera, Andreu, Foreman, Simon, Friedrich, Oliver, Garcia-Bellido, Juan, Gerbino, Martina, Gluscevic, Vera, Goon, Garrett, Gorski, Krzysztof M, Gudmundsson, Jon E, Gupta, Nikhel, Hanany, Shaul, Handley, Will, Hawken, Adam J, Hill, J Colin, Hirata, Christopher M, Hložek, Renée, Holder, Gilbert, Huterer, Dragan, Kamionkowski, Marc, Karkare, Kirit S, Keeley, Ryan E, Kinney, William, Kisner, Theodore, Kneib, Jean-Paul, Knox, Lloyd, Koushiappas, Savvas M, Kovetz, Ely D, Koyama, Kazuya, L'Huillier, Benjamin, Lahav, Ofer, Lattanzi, Massimiliano, Lee, Hayden, Liguori, Michele, Loverde, Marilena, Madhavacheril, Mathew, Maldacena, Juan, Marsh, MC David, Masui, Kiyoshi, Matarrese, Sabino, McAllister, Liam, McMahon, Jeff, McQuinn, Matthew, Meyers, Joel, Mirbabayi, Mehrdad, and Dizgah, Azadeh Moradinezhad

Subjects
astro-ph.CO, hep-th
Abstract

Our current understanding of the Universe is established through the pristinemeasurements of structure in the cosmic microwave background (CMB) and thedistribution and shapes of galaxies tracing the large scale structure (LSS) ofthe Universe. One key ingredient that underlies cosmological observables isthat the field that sources the observed structure is assumed to be initiallyGaussian with high precision. Nevertheless, a minimal deviation fromGaussianityis perhaps the most robust theoretical prediction of models thatexplain the observed Universe; itis necessarily present even in the simplestscenarios. In addition, most inflationary models produce far higher levels ofnon-Gaussianity. Since non-Gaussianity directly probes the dynamics in theearly Universe, a detection would present a monumental discovery in cosmology,providing clues about physics at energy scales as high as the GUT scale.

Published
2019

14. CMB-S4 Technology Book, First Edition

Author

Abitbol, Maximilian H., Ahmed, Zeeshan, Barron, Darcy, Thakur, Ritoban Basu, Bender, Amy N., Benson, Bradford A., Bischoff, Colin A., Bryan, Sean A., Carlstrom, John E., Chang, Clarence L., Chuss, David T., Crowley, Kevin T., Cukierman, Ari, de Haan, Tijmen, Dobbs, Matt, Essinger-Hileman, Tom, Filippini, Jeffrey P., Ganga, Ken, Gudmundsson, Jon E., Halverson, Nils W., Hanany, Shaul, Henderson, Shawn W., Hill, Charles A., Ho, Shuay-Pwu P., Hubmayr, Johannes, Irwin, Kent, Jeong, Oliver, Johnson, Bradley R., Kernasovskiy, Sarah A., Kovac, John M., Kusaka, Akito, Lee, Adrian T., Maria, Salatino, Mauskopf, Philip, McMahon, Jeff J., Moncelsi, Lorenzo, Nadolski, Andrew W., Nagy, Johanna M., Niemack, Michael D., O'Brient, Roger C., Padin, Stephen, Parshley, Stephen C., Pryke, Clement, Roe, Natalie A., Rostem, Karwan, Ruhl, John, Simon, Sara M., Staggs, Suzanne T., Suzuki, Aritoki, Switzer, Eric R., Tajima, Osamu, Thompson, Keith L., Timbie, Peter, Tucker, Gregory S., Vieira, Joaquin D., Vieregg, Abigail G., Westbrook, Benjamin, Wollack, Edward J., Yoon, Ki Won, Young, Karl S., and Young, Edward Y.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

CMB-S4 is a proposed experiment to map the polarization of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) to nearly the cosmic variance limit for angular scales that are accessible from the ground. The science goals and capabilities of CMB-S4 in illuminating cosmic inflation, measuring the sum of neutrino masses, searching for relativistic relics in the early universe, characterizing dark energy and dark matter, and mapping the matter distribution in the universe have been described in the CMB-S4 Science Book. This Technology Book is a companion volume to the Science Book. The ambitious science goals of CMB-S4, a "Stage-4" experiment, require a step forward in experimental capability from the current Stage=II experiments. To guide this process, we summarize the current state of CMB instrumentation technology, and identify R&D efforts necessary to advance it for use in CMB-S4. The book focuses on technical challenges in four broad areas: Telescope Design; Receiver Optics; Focal-Plane Optical Coupling; and Focal-Plane Sensor and Readout., Comment: 191 pages

Published
2017

15. CMB-S4 Science Book, First Edition

Author

Abazajian, Kevork N., Adshead, Peter, Ahmed, Zeeshan, Allen, Steven W., Alonso, David, Arnold, Kam S., Baccigalupi, Carlo, Bartlett, James G., Battaglia, Nicholas, Benson, Bradford A., Bischoff, Colin A., Borrill, Julian, Buza, Victor, Calabrese, Erminia, Caldwell, Robert, Carlstrom, John E., Chang, Clarence L., Crawford, Thomas M., Cyr-Racine, Francis-Yan, De Bernardis, Francesco, de Haan, Tijmen, Alighieri, Sperello di Serego, Dunkley, Joanna, Dvorkin, Cora, Errard, Josquin, Fabbian, Giulio, Feeney, Stephen, Ferraro, Simone, Filippini, Jeffrey P., Flauger, Raphael, Fuller, George M., Gluscevic, Vera, Green, Daniel, Grin, Daniel, Grohs, Evan, Henning, Jason W., Hill, J. Colin, Hlozek, Renee, Holder, Gilbert, Holzapfel, William, Hu, Wayne, Huffenberger, Kevin M., Keskitalo, Reijo, Knox, Lloyd, Kosowsky, Arthur, Kovac, John, Kovetz, Ely D., Kuo, Chao-Lin, Kusaka, Akito, Jeune, Maude Le, Lee, Adrian T., Lilley, Marc, Loverde, Marilena, Madhavacheril, Mathew S., Mantz, Adam, Marsh, David J. E., McMahon, Jeffrey, Meerburg, Pieter Daniel, Meyers, Joel, Miller, Amber D., Munoz, Julian B., Nguyen, Ho Nam, Niemack, Michael D., Peloso, Marco, Peloton, Julien, Pogosian, Levon, Pryke, Clement, Raveri, Marco, Reichardt, Christian L., Rocha, Graca, Rotti, Aditya, Schaan, Emmanuel, Schmittfull, Marcel M., Scott, Douglas, Sehgal, Neelima, Shandera, Sarah, Sherwin, Blake D., Smith, Tristan L., Sorbo, Lorenzo, Starkman, Glenn D., Story, Kyle T., van Engelen, Alexander, Vieira, Joaquin D., Watson, Scott, Whitehorn, Nathan, and Wu, W. L. Kimmy

Subjects
Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, High Energy Physics - Theory
Abstract

This book lays out the scientific goals to be addressed by the next-generation ground-based cosmic microwave background experiment, CMB-S4, envisioned to consist of dedicated telescopes at the South Pole, the high Chilean Atacama plateau and possibly a northern hemisphere site, all equipped with new superconducting cameras. CMB-S4 will dramatically advance cosmological studies by crossing critical thresholds in the search for the B-mode polarization signature of primordial gravitational waves, in the determination of the number and masses of the neutrinos, in the search for evidence of new light relics, in constraining the nature of dark energy, and in testing general relativity on large scales.

Published
2016

16. CMB-S4 Science Book, First Edition

Author

Abazajian, Kevork N, Adshead, Peter, Ahmed, Zeeshan, Allen, Steven W, Alonso, David, Arnold, Kam S, Baccigalupi, Carlo, Bartlett, James G, Battaglia, Nicholas, Benson, Bradford A, Bischoff, Colin A, Borrill, Julian, Buza, Victor, Calabrese, Erminia, Caldwell, Robert, Carlstrom, John E, Chang, Clarence L, Crawford, Thomas M, Cyr-Racine, Francis-Yan, Bernardis, Francesco De, Haan, Tijmen de, Alighieri, Sperello di Serego, Dunkley, Joanna, Dvorkin, Cora, Errard, Josquin, Fabbian, Giulio, Feeney, Stephen, Ferraro, Simone, Filippini, Jeffrey P, Flauger, Raphael, Fuller, George M, Gluscevic, Vera, Green, Daniel, Grin, Daniel, Grohs, Evan, Henning, Jason W, Hill, J Colin, Hlozek, Renee, Holder, Gilbert, Holzapfel, William, Hu, Wayne, Huffenberger, Kevin M, Keskitalo, Reijo, Knox, Lloyd, Kosowsky, Arthur, Kovac, John, Kovetz, Ely D, Kuo, Chao-Lin, Kusaka, Akito, Jeune, Maude Le, Lee, Adrian T, Lilley, Marc, Loverde, Marilena, Madhavacheril, Mathew S, Mantz, Adam, Marsh, David JE, McMahon, Jeffrey, Meerburg, Pieter Daniel, Meyers, Joel, Miller, Amber D, Munoz, Julian B, Nguyen, Ho Nam, Niemack, Michael D, Peloso, Marco, Peloton, Julien, Pogosian, Levon, Pryke, Clement, Raveri, Marco, Reichardt, Christian L, Rocha, Graca, Rotti, Aditya, Schaan, Emmanuel, Schmittfull, Marcel M, Scott, Douglas, Sehgal, Neelima, Shandera, Sarah, Sherwin, Blake D, Smith, Tristan L, Sorbo, Lorenzo, Starkman, Glenn D, Story, Kyle T, Engelen, Alexander van, Vieira, Joaquin D, Watson, Scott, Whitehorn, Nathan, and Wu, WL Kimmy

Subjects
astro-ph.CO, gr-qc, hep-ph, hep-th
Abstract

This book lays out the scientific goals to be addressed by thenext-generation ground-based cosmic microwave background experiment, CMB-S4,envisioned to consist of dedicated telescopes at the South Pole, the highChilean Atacama plateau and possibly a northern hemisphere site, all equippedwith new superconducting cameras. CMB-S4 will dramatically advance cosmologicalstudies by crossing critical thresholds in the search for the B-modepolarization signature of primordial gravitational waves, in the determinationof the number and masses of the neutrinos, in the search for evidence of newlight relics, in constraining the nature of dark energy, and in testing generalrelativity on large scales.

Published
2016

17. Results and Limits of Time Division Multiplexing for the BICEP Array High Frequency Receivers

Author

Fatigoni, Sofia, primary, Ade, Peter A.R., additional, Zeeshan, Ahmed, additional, Amiri, Mandana, additional, Barkats, Denis, additional, Thakur, Ritoban Basu, additional, Bischoff, Colin A., additional, Beck, Dominic, additional, Bock, James J., additional, Buza, Victor, additional, Cheshire, James R., additional, Connors, Jake, additional, Cornelison, James, additional, Crumrine, Michael, additional, Cukierman, Ari Josef, additional, Denison, Edward, additional, Dierickx, Marion, additional, Duband, Lionel, additional, Elben, Miranda, additional, Filippini, Jeff P., additional, Fortes, Antonio, additional, Gao, Min, additional, Giannakopoulos, Christos, additional, Goeckner-Wald, Neil, additional, Goldfinger, David C., additional, Grayson, James A., additional, Grimes, Paul, additional, Hall, Grantland, additional, Halal, George, additional, Halpern, Mark, additional, Hand, Emma, additional, Harrison, Sam A., additional, Henderson, Shawn, additional, Hildebrandt, Sergi, additional, Hilton, Gene C., additional, Hubmayr, Johannes, additional, Hui, Howard, additional, Irwin, Kent D., additional, Kang, Jae Hwan, additional, Karkare, Kirit S., additional, Kefeli, Sinan, additional, Kovac, John M., additional, Kuo, Chao-Lin, additional, Lau, King, additional, Lennox, Amber, additional, Liu, Tongtian, additional, Megerian, Koko G., additional, Miller, Oliver, additional, Minutolo, Lorenzo, additional, Moncelsi, Lorenzo, additional, Nakato, Yuka, additional, Nguyen, Hien T., additional, O'Brient, Roger, additional, Palladino, Steven, additional, Petroff, Matthew A., additional, Polish, Annie, additional, Prouve, Thomas, additional, Pryke, Clement, additional, Racine, Benjamin, additional, Reintsema, Carl D., additional, Romand, Thibault, additional, Salatino, Maria, additional, Schillaci, Alessandro, additional, Schmitt, Benjamin, additional, Singari, Baibhav, additional, Soliman, Ahmed, additional, Germaine, Tyler St, additional, Steiger, Aaron, additional, Steinbach, Bryan, additional, Sudiwala, Rashmi, additional, Thompson, Keith L., additional, Tsai, Calvin, additional, Tucker, Carole, additional, Turner, Anthony D., additional, Umiltà, Caterina, additional, Verges, Clara, additional, Wandui, Albert, additional, Weber, Alexis C., additional, Wiebe, Don, additional, Willmert, Justin, additional, Wu, Wai Ling K., additional, Yang, Hung-I, additional, Young, Edward, additional, Yu, Cyndia, additional, Zeng, Lingzhen, additional, Zhang, Cheng, additional, and Zhang, Silvia, additional

Published
2023
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18. Plastic Laminate Antireflective Coatings for Millimeter-Wave Optics in BICEP Array

Author

Dierickx, Marion, Ade, P. A. R., Ahmed, Zeeshan, Amiri, Mandana, Barkats, Denis, Thakur, Ritoban Basu, Bischoff, Colin A., Beck, Dominic, Bock, James J., Buza, Victor, Cheshire, James R., Connors, Jake, Cornelison, James, Crumrine, Michael, Cukierman, Ari Jozef, Denison, Edward, Duband, Lionel, Eiben, Miranda, Fatigoni, Sofia, Filippini, Jeff P., Giannakopoulos, Christos, Goeckner-Wald, Neil, Goldfinger, David, Grayson, James A., Grimes, Paul, Hall, Grantland, Halal, George, Halpern, Mark, Hand, Emma, Harrison, Sam A., Henderson, Shawn, Hildebrandt, Sergi, Hilton, Gene C., Hubmayr, Johannes, Hui, Howard, Irwin, Kent D., Kang, Jae Hwan, Karkare, Kirit S., Kefeli, Sinan, Kovac, J. M., Kuo, Chao-Lin, Lau, King, Leitch, Erik M., Lennox, Amber, K, Megerian, . G., Minutolo, Lorenzo, Moncelsi, Lorenzo, Nakato, Yuka, Namikawa, Toshiya, Nguyen, H. T., O'brient, Roger, Palladino, Steven, Petroff, Matthew, Precup, Nathan, Prouve, Thomas, Pryke, Clement, Racine, Benjamin, Reintsema, Carl D., Santalucia, Destiny, Schillaci, Alessandro, Schmitt, Benjamin, Singari, Baibhav, Soliman, Ahmed, Germaine, Tyler St, Steinbach, Bryan, Sudiwala, Rashmi, Thompson, Keith L., Tucker, Carole, Turner, Anthony D., Umiltà, Caterina, Verges, Clara, Vieregg, Abigail G., Wandui, Albert, Weber, Alexis C., Wiebe, Don, Willmert, Justin, Wu, Wai Ling K., Yang, Hung-I, Yoon, Ki Won, Young, Edward, Yu, Cyndia, Zeng, Lingzhen, Zhang, Cheng, and Zhang, Silvia

Subjects
FOS: Physical sciences, General Materials Science, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Condensed Matter Physics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics
Abstract

The BICEP/Keck series of experiments target the Cosmic Microwave Background at degree-scale resolution from the South Pole. Over the next few years, the "Stage-3" BICEP Array (BA) telescope will improve the program's frequency coverage and sensitivity to primordial B-mode polarization by an order of magnitude. The first receiver in the array, BA1, began observing at 30/40 GHz in early 2020. The next two receivers, BA2 and BA3, are currently being assembled and will map the southern sky at frequencies ranging from 95 GHz to 150 GHz. Common to all BA receivers is a refractive, on-axis, cryogenic optical design that focuses microwave radiation onto a focal plane populated with antenna-coupled bolometers. High-performance antireflective coatings up to 760 mm in aperture are needed for each element in the optical chain, and must withstand repeated thermal cycles down to 4 K. Here we present the design and fabrication of the 30/40 GHz anti-reflection coatings for the recently deployed BA1 receiver, then discuss laboratory measurements of their reflectance. We review the lamination method for these single- and dual-layer plastic coatings with indices matched to various polyethylene, nylon and alumina optics. We also describe ongoing efforts to optimize coatings for the next BA cryostats, which may inform technological choices for future Small-Aperture Telescopes of the CMB "Stage 4" experiment., 8 pages, 4 figures. Submitted to Journal of Low Temperature Physics

Published
2023

19. Improved polarization calibration of the BICEP3 CMB polarimeter at the South Pole

Author

Cornelison, James, primary, Verges, Clara, additional, Ade, P A., additional, Ahmed, Zeeshan, additional, Amiri, Mandana, additional, Barkats, Denis, additional, Basu Thakur, Ritoban, additional, Beck, Dominic, additional, Bischoff, Colin A., additional, Bock, James J., additional, Buza, Victor, additional, Cheshire, James R., additional, Connors, Jake, additional, Crumrine, Michael, additional, Cukierman, Ari Jozef, additional, Denison, Edward, additional, Dierickx, Marion, additional, Duband, Lionel, additional, Eiben, Miranda, additional, Fatigoni, Sofia, additional, Filippini, Jeff P., additional, Giannakopoulos, Christos, additional, Goeckner-Wald, Neil, additional, Goldfinger, David C., additional, Grayson, James A., additional, Grimes, Paul, additional, Hall, Grantland, additional, Halal, George, additional, Halpern, Mark, additional, Hand, Emma, additional, Harrison, Sam A., additional, Henderson, Shawn, additional, Hildebrandt, Sergi, additional, Hilton, Gene C., additional, Hubmayr, Johannes, additional, Hui, Howard, additional, Irwin, Kent D., additional, Kang, Jae Hwan, additional, Karkare, Kirit S., additional, Kefeli, Sinan, additional, Kovac, John, additional, Kuo, Chao-Lin, additional, Lau, King, additional, Leitch, Erik M., additional, Lennox, Amber, additional, Liu, Tongtian, additional, Look, Karsten, additional, Megerian, K(oko). G., additional, Minutolo, Lorenzo, additional, Moncelsi, Lorenzo, additional, Nakato, Yuka, additional, Namikawa, Toshiya, additional, Nguyen, H. T., additional, O'brient, Roger, additional, Palladino, Steven, additional, Petroff, Matthew, additional, Prouve, Thomas, additional, Pryke, Clement, additional, Racine, Benjamin, additional, Reintsema, Carl D., additional, Salatino, Maria, additional, Schillaci, Alessandro, additional, Schmitt, Benjamin, additional, Singari, Baibhav, additional, Soliman, Ahmed, additional, St Germaine, Tyler, additional, Steinbach, Bryan, additional, Sudiwala, Rashmi, additional, Thompson, Keith L., additional, Tsai, Calvin, additional, Tucker, Carole, additional, Turner, Anthony D., additional, Umiltà, Caterina, additional, Vieregg, Abigail G., additional, Wandui, Albert, additional, Weber, Alexis C., additional, Wiebe, Don, additional, Willmert, Justin, additional, Wu, Wai Ling K., additional, Yang, Hung-I, additional, Yoon, Ki Won, additional, Young, Edward, additional, Yu, Cyndia, additional, Zeng, Lingzhen, additional, Zhang, Cheng, additional, and Zhang, Silvia, additional

Published
2022
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20. Thermal testing for cryogenic CMB instrument optical design

Author

Goldfinger, David C., primary, Ade, Peter A. R., additional, Ahmed, Zeeshan, additional, Amiri, Mandana, additional, Barkats, Denis, additional, Basu Thakur, Ritoban, additional, Beck, Dominic, additional, Bischoff, Colin A., additional, Bock, James J., additional, Buza, Victor, additional, Cheshire, James R., additional, Connors, Jake, additional, Cornelison, James, additional, Crumrine, Michael, additional, Cukierman, Ari J., additional, Denison, Edward V., additional, Dierickx, Marion I., additional, Duband, Lionel, additional, Eiben, Miranda, additional, Fatigoni, Sofia, additional, Filippini, Jeff P., additional, Giannakopoulos, Christos, additional, Goeckner-Wald, Neil, additional, Grayson, James A., additional, Grimes, Paul K., additional, Hall, Grantland, additional, Halal, George, additional, Halpern, Mark, additional, Hand, Emma, additional, Harrison, Sam A., additional, Henderson, Shawn, additional, Hildebrandt, Sergi R., additional, Hilton, Gene C., additional, Hubmayr, Johannes, additional, Hui, Howard, additional, Irwin, Kent D., additional, Kang, Jae Hwan, additional, Karkare, Kirit S., additional, Kefeli, Sinan, additional, Kovac, John M., additional, Kuo, Chao-Lin, additional, Lau, King, additional, Leitch, Erik M., additional, Lennox, Amber, additional, Liu, Tongtian, additional, Megerian, Krikor G., additional, Minutolo, Lorenzo, additional, Moncelsi, Lorenzo, additional, Nakato, Yuka, additional, Namikawa, Toshiya, additional, Nguyen, Hien T., additional, O'Brient, Roger, additional, Palladino, Steven M., additional, Petroff, Matthew, additional, Prouvé, Thomas, additional, Pryke, Clement L., additional, Racine, Benjamin, additional, Reintsema, Carl D., additional, Salatino, Maria, additional, Schillaci, Alessandro, additional, Schmitt, Benjamin L., additional, Singari, Baibhav, additional, Soliman, Ahmed, additional, Smith, Amanda G., additional, St. Germaine, Tyler, additional, Steinbach, Bryan, additional, Sudiwala, Rashmi V., additional, Thompson, Keith L., additional, Tsai, Calvin, additional, Tucker, Carole E., additional, Turner, Anthony D., additional, Umiltà, Caterina, additional, Verges, Clara, additional, Vieregg, Abigail G., additional, Wandui, Albert K., additional, Weber, Alexis C., additional, Wiebe, Don V., additional, Willmert, Justin, additional, Wu, Wai Ling K., additional, Yang, Hung-I, additional, Yoon, Ki Won, additional, Young, Edward, additional, Yu, Cyndia, additional, Zeng, Lingzhen, additional, Zhang, Cheng, additional, and Zhang, Silvia, additional

Published
2022
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21. CMB-S4

Author

Collaboration, The CMB-S4, Abazajian, Kevork, Addison, Graeme E., Adshead, Peter, Ahmed, Zeeshan, Akerib, Daniel, Ali, Aamir, Allen, Steven W., Alonso, David, Alvarez, Marcelo, Amin, Mustafa A., Anderson, Adam, Arnold, Kam S., Ashton, Peter, Baccigalupi, Carlo, Bard, Debbie, Barkats, Denis, Barron, Darcy, Barry, Peter S., Bartlett, James G., Thakur, Ritoban Basu, Battaglia, Nicholas, Bean, Rachel, Bebek, Chris, Bender, Amy N., Benson, Bradford A., Bianchini, Federico, Bischoff, Colin A., Bleem, Lindsey, Bock, James J., Bocquet, Sebastian, Boddy, Kimberly K., Bond, J. Richard, Borrill, Julian, Bouchet, François R., Brinckmann, Thejs, Brown, Michael L., Bryan, Sean, Buza, Victor, Byrum, Karen, Caimapo, Carlos Hervias, Calabrese, Erminia, Calafut, Victoria, Caldwell, Robert, Carlstrom, John E., Carron, Julien, Cecil, Thomas, Challinor, Anthony, Chang, Clarence L., Chinone, Yuji, Cho, Hsiao-Mei Sherry, Cooray, Asantha, Coulton, Will, Crawford, Thomas M., Crites, Abigail, Cukierman, Ari, Cyr-Racine, Francis-Yan, de Haan, Tijmen, Delabrouille, Jacques, Devlin, Mark, Di Valentino, Eleonora, Dierickx, Marion, Dobbs, Matt, Duff, Shannon, Dunkley, Jo, Dvorkin, Cora, Eimer, Joseph, Elleflot, Tucker, Errard, Josquin, Essinger-Hileman, Thomas, Fabbian, Giulio, Feng, Chang, Ferraro, Simone, Filippini, Jeffrey P., Flauger, Raphael, Flaugher, Brenna, Fraisse, Aurelien A., Frolov, Andrei, Galitzki, Nicholas, Gallardo, Patricio A., Galli, Silvia, Ganga, Ken, Gerbino, Martina, Gluscevic, Vera, Goeckner-Wald, Neil, Green, Daniel, Grin, Daniel, Grohs, Evan, Gualtieri, Riccardo, Gudmundsson, Jon E., Gullett, Ian, Gupta, Nikhel, Habib, Salman, Halpern, Mark, Halverson, Nils W., Hanany, Shaul, Harrington, Kathleen, Hasegawa, Masaya, Hasselfield, Matthew, Hazumi, Masashi, Heitmann, Katrin, Henderson, Shawn, Hensley, Brandon, Hill, Charles, Hill, J. Colin, Hlozek, Renée, Ho, Shuay-Pwu Patty, Hoang, Thuong, Holder, Gil, Holzapfel, William, Hood, John, Hubmayr, Johannes, Huffenberger, Kevin M., Hui, Howard, Irwin, Kent, Jeong, Oliver, Johnson, Bradley R., Jones, William C., Kang, Jae Hwan, Karkare, Kirit S., Katayama, Nobuhiko, Keskitalo, Reijo, Kisner, Theodore, Knox, Lloyd, Koopman, Brian J., Kosowsky, Arthur, Kovac, John, Kovetz, Ely D., Kuhlmann, Steve, Kuo, Chao-lin, Kusaka, Akito, Lähteenmäki, Anne, Lawrence, Charles R., Lee, Adrian T., Lewis, Antony, Li, Dale, Linder, Eric, Loverde, Marilena, Lowitz, Amy, Lubin, Phil, Madhavacheril, Mathew S., Mantz, Adam, Marques, Gabriela, Matsuda, Frederick, Mauskopf, Philip, McCarrick, Heather, McMahon, Jeffrey, Meerburg, P. Daniel, Melin, Jean-Baptiste, Menanteau, Felipe, Meyers, Joel, Millea, Marius, Mohr, Joseph, Moncelsi, Lorenzo, Monzani, Maria, Mroczkowski, Tony, Mukherjee, Suvodip, Nagy, Johanna, Namikawa, Toshiya, Nati, Federico, Natoli, Tyler, Newburgh, Laura, Niemack, Michael D., Nishino, Haruki, Nord, Brian, Novosad, Valentine, O'Brient, Roger, Padin, Stephen, Palladino, Steven, Partridge, Bruce, Petravick, Don, Pierpaoli, Elena, Pogosian, Levon, Prabhu, Karthik, Pryke, Clement, Puglisi, Giuseppe, Racine, Benjamin, Rahlin, Alexandra, Rao, Mayuri Sathyanarayana, Raveri, Marco, Reichardt, Christian L., Remazeilles, Mathieu, Rocha, Graca, Roe, Natalie A., Roy, Anirban, Ruhl, John E., Salatino, Maria, Saliwanchik, Benjamin, Schaan, Emmanuel, Schillaci, Alessandro, Schmitt, Benjamin, Schmittfull, Marcel M., Scott, Douglas, Sehgal, Neelima, Shandera, Sarah, Sherwin, Blake D., Shirokoff, Erik, Simon, Sara M., Slosar, Anze, Spergel, David, Germaine, Tyler St., Staggs, Suzanne T., Stark, Antony, Starkman, Glenn D., Stompor, Radek, Stoughton, Chris, Suzuki, Aritoki, Tajima, Osamu, Teply, Grant P., Thompson, Keith, Thorne, Ben, Timbie, Peter, Tomasi, Maurizio, Tristram, Matthieu, Tucker, Gregory, Umiltà, Caterina, van Engelen, Alexander, Vavagiakis, Eve M., Vieira, Joaquin D., Vieregg, Abigail G., Wagoner, Kasey, Wallisch, Benjamin, Wang, Gensheng, Watson, Scott, Westbrook, Ben, Whitehorn, Nathan, Wollack, Edward J., Wu, W. L. Kimmy, Xu, Zhilei, Yang, H. Y. Eric, Yasini, Siavash, Yefremenko, Volodymyr G., Yoon, Ki Won, Young, Edward, Yu, Cyndia, Zonca, Andrea, AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Physique Théorique - UMR CNRS 3681 (IPHT), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille (CPPM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique des 2 Infinis Irène Joliot-Curie (IJCLab), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CMB-S4, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, Van Swinderen Institute for Particle Physics and G, Cosmic Frontier, Abazajian, K, Addison, G, Adshead, P, Ahmed, Z, Akerib, D, Ali, A, Allen, S, Alonso, D, Alvarez, M, Amin, M, Anderson, A, Arnold, K, Ashton, P, Baccigalupi, C, Bard, D, Barkats, D, Barron, D, Barry, P, Bartlett, J, Basu Thakur, R, Battaglia, N, Bean, R, Bebek, C, Bender, A, Benson, B, Bianchini, F, Bischoff, C, Bleem, L, Bock, J, Bocquet, S, Boddy, K, Richard Bond, J, Borrill, J, Bouchet, F, Brinckmann, T, Brown, M, Bryan, S, Buza, V, Byrum, K, Hervias Caimapo, C, Calabrese, E, Calafut, V, Caldwell, R, Carlstrom, J, Carron, J, Cecil, T, Challinor, A, Chang, C, Chinone, Y, Sherry Cho, H, Cooray, A, Coulton, W, Crawford, T, Crites, A, Cukierman, A, Cyr-Racine, F, De Haan, T, Delabrouille, J, Devlin, M, Di Valentino, E, Dierickx, M, Dobbs, M, Duff, S, Dvorkin, C, Eimer, J, Elleflot, T, Errard, J, Essinger-Hileman, T, Fabbian, G, Feng, C, Ferraro, S, Filippini, J, Flauger, R, Flaugher, B, Fraisse, A, Frolov, A, Galitzki, N, Gallardo, P, Galli, S, Ganga, K, Gerbino, M, Gluscevic, V, Goeckner-Wald, N, Green, D, Grin, D, Grohs, E, Gualtieri, R, Gudmundsson, J, Gullett, I, Gupta, N, Habib, S, Halpern, M, Halverson, N, Hanany, S, Harrington, K, Hasegawa, M, Hasselfield, M, Hazumi, M, Heitmann, K, Henderson, S, Hensley, B, Hill, C, Colin Hill, J, Hlozek, R, Patty Ho, S, Hoang, T, Holder, G, Holzapfel, W, Hood, J, Hubmayr, J, Huffenberger, K, Hui, H, Irwin, K, Jeong, O, Johnson, B, Jones, W, Hwan Kang, J, Karkare, K, Katayama, N, Keskitalo, R, Kisner, T, Knox, L, Koopman, B, Kosowsky, A, Kovac, J, Kovetz, E, Kuhlmann, S, Kuo, C, Kusaka, A, Lahteenmaki, A, Lawrence, C, Lee, A, Lewis, A, Li, D, Linder, E, Loverde, M, Lowitz, A, Lubin, P, Madhavacheril, M, Mantz, A, Marques, G, Matsuda, F, Mauskopf, P, Mccarrick, H, Mcmahon, J, Daniel Meerburg, P, Melin, J, Menanteau, F, Meyers, J, Millea, M, Mohr, J, Moncelsi, L, Monzani, M, Mroczkowski, T, Mukherjee, S, Nagy, J, Namikawa, T, Nati, F, Natoli, T, Newburgh, L, Niemack, M, Nishino, H, Nord, B, Novosad, V, O'Brient, R, Padin, S, Palladino, S, Partridge, B, Petravick, D, Pierpaoli, E, Pogosian, L, Prabhu, K, Pryke, C, Puglisi, G, Racine, B, Rahlin, A, Sathyanarayana Rao, M, Raveri, M, Reichardt, C, Remazeilles, M, Rocha, G, Roe, N, Roy, A, Ruhl, J, Salatino, M, Saliwanchik, B, Schaan, E, Schillaci, A, Schmitt, B, Schmittfull, M, Scott, D, Sehgal, N, Shandera, S, Sherwin, B, Shirokoff, E, Simon, S, Slosar, A, Spergel, D, S, T, Staggs, S, Stark, A, Starkman, G, Stompor, R, Stoughton, C, Suzuki, A, Tajima, O, Teply, G, Thompson, K, Thorne, B, Timbie, P, Tomasi, M, Tristram, M, Tucker, G, Umilta, C, Van Engelen, A, Vavagiakis, E, Vieira, J, Vieregg, A, Wagoner, K, Wallisch, B, Wang, G, Watson, S, Westbrook, B, Whitehorn, N, Wollack, E, Kimmy Wu, W, Xu, Z, Eric Yang, H, Yasini, S, Yefremenko, V, Won Yoon, K, Young, E, Yu, C, Zonca, A, University of California Irvine, Johns Hopkins University, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, University of California Berkeley, Stanford University, University of Oxford, Rice University, Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, University of California San Diego, International School for Advanced Studies, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Harvard University, University of New Mexico, Argonne National Laboratory, Université Paris-Diderot, California Institute of Technology, Cornell University, University of Melbourne, University of Cincinnati, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, University of Toronto, UMR7095, Stony Brook University, University of Manchester, Arizona State University, Florida State University, Cardiff University, Dartmouth College, University of Geneva, University of Cambridge, The University of Tokyo, University of Groningen, University of Chicago, University of Pennsylvania, McGill University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, University of Sussex, Princeton University, Simon Fraser University, National Institute for Nuclear Physics, Haverford College, Stockholm University, Case Western Reserve University, University of British Columbia, University of Colorado Boulder, University of Minnesota Twin Cities, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Simons Foundation, Columbia University, University of Virginia, University of California Davis, Yale University, University of Pittsburgh, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Department of Electronics and Nanoengineering, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, University of California Santa Barbara, Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Service d'Astrophysique CEA, European Southern Observatory, Washington University St. Louis, University of Milan - Bicocca, University of Southern California, Institute for Advanced Studies, Pennsylvania State University, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Kyoto University, University of Wisconsin-Madison, University of Milano, Université Paris-Saclay, Brown University, Syracuse University, University of California Los Angeles, Aalto-yliopisto, and Aalto University

Subjects
Astrophysics and Astronomy, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Cosmology, CMB, Settore FIS/05, Space and Planetary Science, astro-ph.CO, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Galaxies and Cosmology, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

CMB-S4---the next-generation ground-based cosmic microwave background (CMB) experiment---is set to significantly advance the sensitivity of CMB measurements and enhance our understanding of the origin and evolution of the Universe, from the highest energies at the dawn of time through the growth of structure to the present day. Among the science cases pursued with CMB-S4, the quest for detecting primordial gravitational waves is a central driver of the experimental design. This work details the development of a forecasting framework that includes a power-spectrum-based semi-analytic projection tool, targeted explicitly towards optimizing constraints on the tensor-to-scalar ratio, $r$, in the presence of Galactic foregrounds and gravitational lensing of the CMB. This framework is unique in its direct use of information from the achieved performance of current Stage 2--3 CMB experiments to robustly forecast the science reach of upcoming CMB-polarization endeavors. The methodology allows for rapid iteration over experimental configurations and offers a flexible way to optimize the design of future experiments given a desired scientific goal. To form a closed-loop process, we couple this semi-analytic tool with map-based validation studies, which allow for the injection of additional complexity and verification of our forecasts with several independent analysis methods. We document multiple rounds of forecasts for CMB-S4 using this process and the resulting establishment of the current reference design of the primordial gravitational-wave component of the Stage-4 experiment, optimized to achieve our science goals of detecting primordial gravitational waves for $r > 0.003$ at greater than $5��$, or, in the absence of a detection, of reaching an upper limit of $r < 0.001$ at $95\%$ CL., 24 pages, 8 figures, 9 tables, submitted to ApJ. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1907.04473

Published
2022

22. HPC / HTC Software Infrastructure for the Synthesis and Analysis of CMB Datasets

Author

Borrill, Julian, Bischoff, Colin, Crawford, Thomas, Hasselfield, Matthew, Keskitalo, Reijo, Kisner, Theodore, Kusaka, Akito, and Whitehorn, Nathan

Subjects
Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

This project aims to develop new software infrastructure to bridge the gap between HPC (TOAST) and HTC (SPT3G) software frameworks currently used by Cosmic Microwave Background experiments. We are developing code to allow running simulation and analysis modules from one framework in the other, supporting data translation in memory between the models used by the two frameworks, and unifying the data representations and conventions in both frameworks. This project will immediately benefit current and future CMB experiments such as SPT, ACT, BICEP/Keck, Simons Array, Simons Observatory, and CMB-S4.

Published
2020
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23. Observing low elevation sky and the CMB Cold Spot with BICEP3 at the South Pole

Author

Zmuidzinas, Jonas, Gao, Jian-Rong, Kang, Jae Hwan, Ade, P. A. R., Ahmed, Zeeshan, Amiri, Mandana, Barkats, Denis, Basu Thakur, R., Bischoff, Colin A., Bock, J. J., Boenish, Hans, Bullock, Eric, Buza, Victor, Cheshire, James R., Connors, Jake, Cornelison, James, Crumrine, Michael, Cukierman, Ari Jozef, Denison, Edward, Dierickx, Marion, Duband, Lionel, Eiben, Miranda, Fatigoni, Sofia, Filippini, Jeff P., Fliescher, Stefan, Goeckner-Wald, Neil, Goldfinger, David, Grayson, James A., Grimes, Paul, Hall, Grantland, Halpern, Mark, Harrison, Sam A., Henderson, Shawn, Hildebrandt, S. R., Hilton, Gene C., Hubmayr, Johannes, Hui, H., Irwin, Kent D., Karkare, Kirit S., Karpel, Ethan, Kefeli, S., Kernasovskiy, Sarah A., Kovac, John M., Kuo, Chao-Lin, Lau, King, Leitch, Erik M., Megerian, K. G., Minutolo, L., Moncelsi, L., Nakato, Yuka, Namikawa, Toshiya, Nguyen, H. T., O'Brient, R., Ogburn, IV, R. Walt, Palladino, Steven, Precup, Nathan, Prouve, Thomas, Pryke, Clement, Racine, Benjamin, Reintsema, Carl D., Richter, Steffen, Schillaci, A., Schmitt, Benjamin, Schwarz, Robert, Sheehy, Chris D., Soliman, A., St Germaine, Tyler, Steinbach, B., Sudiwala, Rashmi, Teply, Grant, Thompson, Keith L., Tolan, James E., Tucker, Carole, Turner, A. D., Umiltà, Caterina, Vieregg, Abigail G., Wandui, A., Weber, A. C., Wiebe, Don, Willmert, Justin, Wong, Chin Lin, Wu, Wai Ling K., Yang, Hung-I, Yoon, Ki Won, Young, Edward, Yu, Cyndia, Zeng, Lingzhen, Zhang, C., Zhang, S., Zmuidzinas, Jonas, Gao, Jian-Rong, Kang, Jae Hwan, Ade, P. A. R., Ahmed, Zeeshan, Amiri, Mandana, Barkats, Denis, Basu Thakur, R., Bischoff, Colin A., Bock, J. J., Boenish, Hans, Bullock, Eric, Buza, Victor, Cheshire, James R., Connors, Jake, Cornelison, James, Crumrine, Michael, Cukierman, Ari Jozef, Denison, Edward, Dierickx, Marion, Duband, Lionel, Eiben, Miranda, Fatigoni, Sofia, Filippini, Jeff P., Fliescher, Stefan, Goeckner-Wald, Neil, Goldfinger, David, Grayson, James A., Grimes, Paul, Hall, Grantland, Halpern, Mark, Harrison, Sam A., Henderson, Shawn, Hildebrandt, S. R., Hilton, Gene C., Hubmayr, Johannes, Hui, H., Irwin, Kent D., Karkare, Kirit S., Karpel, Ethan, Kefeli, S., Kernasovskiy, Sarah A., Kovac, John M., Kuo, Chao-Lin, Lau, King, Leitch, Erik M., Megerian, K. G., Minutolo, L., Moncelsi, L., Nakato, Yuka, Namikawa, Toshiya, Nguyen, H. T., O'Brient, R., Ogburn, IV, R. Walt, Palladino, Steven, Precup, Nathan, Prouve, Thomas, Pryke, Clement, Racine, Benjamin, Reintsema, Carl D., Richter, Steffen, Schillaci, A., Schmitt, Benjamin, Schwarz, Robert, Sheehy, Chris D., Soliman, A., St Germaine, Tyler, Steinbach, B., Sudiwala, Rashmi, Teply, Grant, Thompson, Keith L., Tolan, James E., Tucker, Carole, Turner, A. D., Umiltà, Caterina, Vieregg, Abigail G., Wandui, A., Weber, A. C., Wiebe, Don, Willmert, Justin, Wong, Chin Lin, Wu, Wai Ling K., Yang, Hung-I, Yoon, Ki Won, Young, Edward, Yu, Cyndia, Zeng, Lingzhen, Zhang, C., and Zhang, S.

Abstract

BICEP3 is a 520 mm aperture on-axis refracting telescope at the South Pole, which observes the polarization of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) at 95 GHz to search for the B-mode signal from inflationary gravitational waves. In addition to this main target, we have developed a low-elevation observation strategy to extend coverage of the Southern sky at the South Pole, where BICEP3 can quickly achieve degree-scale E-mode measurements over a large area. An interesting E-mode measurement is probing a potential polarization anomaly around the CMB Cold Spot. During the austral summer seasons of 2018-19 and 2019-20, BICEP3 observed the sky with a flat mirror to redirect the beams to various low elevation ranges. The preliminary data analysis shows degree-scale E-modes measured with high signal-to-noise ratio.

Published
2020

24. Analysis of Temperature-to-Polarization Leakage in BICEP3 and Keck CMB Data from 2016 to 2018

Author

St. Germaine, Tyler, Ade, P.A.R., Ahmed, Zeeshan, Amiri, Mandana, Barkats, Denis, Basu Thakur, R., Bischoff, Colin A., Bock, J. J., Boenish, Hans, Bullock, Eric, Buza, Victor, Cheshire, James R., Connors, Jake, Cornelison, James, Crumrine, Michael, Cukierman, Ari Jozef, Denison, Edward, Dierickx, Marion, Duband, Lionel, Eiben, Miranda, Fatigoni, Sofia, Filippini, Jeff, Fliescher, Stefan, Goeckner-Wald, Neil, Goldfinger, David, Grayson, James A., Grimes, Paul, Hall, Grantland, Halpern, Mark, Harrison, Sam A., Henderson, Shawn, Hildebrandt, S. R., Hilton, Gene C., Hubmayr, Johannes, Hui, H., Irwin, Kent D., Kang, J., Karkare, Kirit S., Karpel, Ethan, Kefeli, S., Kernasovskiy, Sarah A., Kovac, John M., Kuo, Chao-Lin, Lau, King, Leitch, Erik M., Megerian, K. G., Minutolo, L., Moncelsi, L., Nakato, Yuka, Namikawa, Toshiya, Nguyen, H. T., O'Brient, R., Ogburn, R. Walt, Palladino, Steven, Precup, Nathan, Prouve, Thomas, Pryke, Clement, Racine, Benjamin, Reintsema, Carl, Richter, Steffen, Schillaci, A., Schmitt, Benjamin, Schwartz, Robert, Sheehy, Chris D., Soliman, A., Steinbach, B., Sudiwala, Rashmi, Teply, Grant, Thompson, Keith L., Tolan, James E., Tucker, Carole, Turner, A. D., Umilta, Caterina, Vieregg, Abigail G., Wandui, A., Weber, A. C., Wiebe, Don, Willmert, Justin, Wong, Chin Lin, Wu, Wai Ling K., Yang, Hung-I, Yoon, Ki Won, Young, Edward, Yu, Cyndia, Zeng, Lingzhen, Zhang, C., Zhang, S., St. Germaine, Tyler, Ade, P.A.R., Ahmed, Zeeshan, Amiri, Mandana, Barkats, Denis, Basu Thakur, R., Bischoff, Colin A., Bock, J. J., Boenish, Hans, Bullock, Eric, Buza, Victor, Cheshire, James R., Connors, Jake, Cornelison, James, Crumrine, Michael, Cukierman, Ari Jozef, Denison, Edward, Dierickx, Marion, Duband, Lionel, Eiben, Miranda, Fatigoni, Sofia, Filippini, Jeff, Fliescher, Stefan, Goeckner-Wald, Neil, Goldfinger, David, Grayson, James A., Grimes, Paul, Hall, Grantland, Halpern, Mark, Harrison, Sam A., Henderson, Shawn, Hildebrandt, S. R., Hilton, Gene C., Hubmayr, Johannes, Hui, H., Irwin, Kent D., Kang, J., Karkare, Kirit S., Karpel, Ethan, Kefeli, S., Kernasovskiy, Sarah A., Kovac, John M., Kuo, Chao-Lin, Lau, King, Leitch, Erik M., Megerian, K. G., Minutolo, L., Moncelsi, L., Nakato, Yuka, Namikawa, Toshiya, Nguyen, H. T., O'Brient, R., Ogburn, R. Walt, Palladino, Steven, Precup, Nathan, Prouve, Thomas, Pryke, Clement, Racine, Benjamin, Reintsema, Carl, Richter, Steffen, Schillaci, A., Schmitt, Benjamin, Schwartz, Robert, Sheehy, Chris D., Soliman, A., Steinbach, B., Sudiwala, Rashmi, Teply, Grant, Thompson, Keith L., Tolan, James E., Tucker, Carole, Turner, A. D., Umilta, Caterina, Vieregg, Abigail G., Wandui, A., Weber, A. C., Wiebe, Don, Willmert, Justin, Wong, Chin Lin, Wu, Wai Ling K., Yang, Hung-I, Yoon, Ki Won, Young, Edward, Yu, Cyndia, Zeng, Lingzhen, Zhang, C., and Zhang, S.

Abstract

The Bicep/Keck Array experiment is a series of small-aperture refracting telescopes observing degree-scale Cosmic Microwave Background polarization from the South Pole in search of a primordial B-mode signature. As a pair differencing experiment, an important systematic that must be controlled is the differential beam response between the co-located, orthogonally polarized detectors. We use high-fidelity, in-situ measurements of the beam response to estimate the temperature-to-polarization (T → P) leakage in our latest data including observations from 2016 through 2018. This includes three years of Bicep3 observing at 95 GHz, and multifrequency data from Keck Array. Here we present band-averaged far-field beam maps, differential beam mismatch, and residual beam power (after filtering out the leading difference modes via deprojection) for these receivers. We show preliminary results of "beam map simulations," which use these beam maps to observe a simulated temperature (no Q/U) sky to estimate T → P leakage in our real data.

Published
2020

25. Polarization calibration of the BICEP3 CMB polarimeter at the South Pole

Author

Zmuidzinas, Jonas, Gao, Jian-Rong, Cornelison, J., Ade, P. A. R., Ahmed, Zeeshan, Amiri, Mandana, Barkats, Denis, Basu Thakur, R., Bischoff, Colin, Bock, J. J., Boenish, Hans, Bullock, Eric, Buza, Victor, Cheshire, James R., Connors, Jake, Crumrine, Michael, Cukierman, Ari J., Denison, Edward, Dierickx, Marion, Duband, Lionel, Eiben, Miranda, Fatigoni, Sofia, Filippini, Jeff, Fliescher, Stefan, Goeckner-Wald, Neil, Goldfinger, David C., Grayson, James A., Grimes, Paul, Hall, Grantland, Halal, George, Halpern, Mark, Harrison, Samuel, Henderson, Shawn, Hildebrandt, S. R., Hilton, Gene C., Hubmayr, Johannes, Hui, H., Irwin, Kent D., Kang, Jae Hwan, Karkare, Kirit, Karpel, Ethan, Kefeli, S., Kernasovkiy, Sarah A., Kovac, John M., Kuo, Chao-Lin, Lau, King, Leitch, Eric, Megerian, K. G., Minutolo, L., Moncelsi, L., Nakato, Yuka, Namikawa, Toshiya, Nguyen, H. T., O'Brient, R., Ogburn, R W., Palladino, Steven, Precup, Nathan, Prouve, Thomas, Pryke, Clement, Racine, Benjamin, Reintsema, Carl D., Richter, Steffen, Schillaci, A., Schmitt, Benjamin, Schwarz, Robert, Sheehy, Christopher D., Soliman, A., St. Germaine, T., Steinbach, B., Sudiwala, Rashmi, Teply, G. P., Thompson, Keith, Tolan, James E., Tucker, Carole, Turner, A. D., Umilita, Caterina, Vieregg, Abigail G., Wandui, A., Weber, A. C., Wiebe, Don, Willmert, Justin, Wong, Chin Lin, Wu, Kimmy, Yang, Eric, Yoon, Ki Won, Young, Edward, Yu, Cyndia, Zeng, Lingzhen, Zhang, C., Zhang, S., Zmuidzinas, Jonas, Gao, Jian-Rong, Cornelison, J., Ade, P. A. R., Ahmed, Zeeshan, Amiri, Mandana, Barkats, Denis, Basu Thakur, R., Bischoff, Colin, Bock, J. J., Boenish, Hans, Bullock, Eric, Buza, Victor, Cheshire, James R., Connors, Jake, Crumrine, Michael, Cukierman, Ari J., Denison, Edward, Dierickx, Marion, Duband, Lionel, Eiben, Miranda, Fatigoni, Sofia, Filippini, Jeff, Fliescher, Stefan, Goeckner-Wald, Neil, Goldfinger, David C., Grayson, James A., Grimes, Paul, Hall, Grantland, Halal, George, Halpern, Mark, Harrison, Samuel, Henderson, Shawn, Hildebrandt, S. R., Hilton, Gene C., Hubmayr, Johannes, Hui, H., Irwin, Kent D., Kang, Jae Hwan, Karkare, Kirit, Karpel, Ethan, Kefeli, S., Kernasovkiy, Sarah A., Kovac, John M., Kuo, Chao-Lin, Lau, King, Leitch, Eric, Megerian, K. G., Minutolo, L., Moncelsi, L., Nakato, Yuka, Namikawa, Toshiya, Nguyen, H. T., O'Brient, R., Ogburn, R W., Palladino, Steven, Precup, Nathan, Prouve, Thomas, Pryke, Clement, Racine, Benjamin, Reintsema, Carl D., Richter, Steffen, Schillaci, A., Schmitt, Benjamin, Schwarz, Robert, Sheehy, Christopher D., Soliman, A., St. Germaine, T., Steinbach, B., Sudiwala, Rashmi, Teply, G. P., Thompson, Keith, Tolan, James E., Tucker, Carole, Turner, A. D., Umilita, Caterina, Vieregg, Abigail G., Wandui, A., Weber, A. C., Wiebe, Don, Willmert, Justin, Wong, Chin Lin, Wu, Kimmy, Yang, Eric, Yoon, Ki Won, Young, Edward, Yu, Cyndia, Zeng, Lingzhen, Zhang, C., and Zhang, S.

Abstract

The BICEP3 CMB Polarimeter is a small-aperture refracting telescope located at the South Pole and is specifically designed to search for the possible signature of inflationary gravitational waves in the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB). The experiment measures polarization on the sky by differencing the signal of co-located, orthogonally polarized antennas coupled to Transition Edge Sensor (TES) detectors. We present precise measurements of the absolute polarization response angles and polarization efficiencies for nearly all of BICEP3's ~800 functioning polarization-sensitive detector pairs from calibration data taken in January 2018. Using a Rotating Polarized Source (RPS), we mapped polarization response for each detector over a full 360 degrees of source rotation and at multiple telescope boresight rotations from which per-pair polarization properties were estimated. In future work, these results will be used to constrain signals predicted by exotic physical models such as Cosmic Birefringence.

Published
2020

26. CMB-S4 Technology Book, First Edition

Author

Abitbol, Maximilian H., Ahmed, Zeeshan, Barron, Darcy, Thakur, Ritoban Basu, Bender, Amy N., Benson, Bradford A., Bischoff, Colin A., Bryan, Sean A., Carlstrom, John E., Chang, Clarence L., Chuss, David T., Crowley, Kevin T., Cukierman, Ari, de Haan, Tijmen, Dobbs, Matt, Essinger-Hileman, Tom, Filippini, Jeffrey P., Ganga, Ken, Gudmundsson, Jon E., Halverson, Nils W., Hanany, Shaul, Henderson, Shawn W., Hill, Charles A., Ho, Shuay-Pwu P., Hubmayr, Johannes, Irwin, Kent, Jeong, Oliver, Johnson, Bradley R., Kernasovskiy, Sarah A., Kovac, John M., Kusaka, Akito, Lee, Adrian T., Maria, Salatino, Mauskopf, Philip, McMahon, Jeff J., Moncelsi, Lorenzo, Nadolski, Andrew W., Nagy, Johanna M., Niemack, Michael D., O'Brient, Roger C., Padin, Stephen, Parshley, Stephen C., Pryke, Clement, Roe, Natalie A., Rostem, Karwan, Ruhl, John, Simon, Sara M., Staggs, Suzanne T., Suzuki, Aritoki, Switzer, Eric R., Tajima, Osamu, Thompson, Keith L., Timbie, Peter, Tucker, Gregory S., Vieira, Joaquin D., Vieregg, Abigail G., Westbrook, Benjamin, Wollack, Edward J., Yoon, Ki Won, Young, Karl S., Young, Edward Y., AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CMB-S4, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)

Subjects
detector: technology, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, electronics: readout, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), optics, detector: design, activity report
Abstract

CMB-S4 is a proposed experiment to map the polarization of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) to nearly the cosmic variance limit for angular scales that are accessible from the ground. The science goals and capabilities of CMB-S4 in illuminating cosmic inflation, measuring the sum of neutrino masses, searching for relativistic relics in the early universe, characterizing dark energy and dark matter, and mapping the matter distribution in the universe have been described in the CMB-S4 Science Book. This Technology Book is a companion volume to the Science Book. The ambitious science goals of CMB-S4, a "Stage-4" experiment, require a step forward in experimental capability from the current Stage=II experiments. To guide this process, we summarize the current state of CMB instrumentation technology, and identify R&D efforts necessary to advance it for use in CMB-S4. The book focuses on technical challenges in four broad areas: Telescope Design; Receiver Optics; Focal-Plane Optical Coupling; and Focal-Plane Sensor and Readout., 191 pages

Published
2019

27. Analysis of Temperature-to-Polarization Leakage in BICEP3 and Keck CMB Data from 2016 to 2018

Author

St Germaine, Tyler, primary, Ade, P.A.R., additional, Ahmed, Zeeshan, additional, Amiri, Mandana, additional, Barkats, Denis, additional, Basu Thakur, Ritoban, additional, Bischoff, Colin A., additional, Bock, James J., additional, Boenish, Hans, additional, Bullock, Eric, additional, Buza, Victor, additional, Cheshire, James R., additional, Connors, Jake, additional, Cornelison, James, additional, Crumrine, Michael, additional, Cukierman, Ari Jozef, additional, Denison, Edward, additional, Dierickx, Marion, additional, Duband, Lionel, additional, Eiben, Miranda, additional, Fatigoni, Sofia, additional, Filippini, Jeff, additional, Fliescher, Stefan, additional, Goeckner-Wald, Neil, additional, Goldfinger, David, additional, Grayson, James A., additional, Grimes, Paul, additional, Hall, Grantland, additional, Halpern, Mark, additional, Harrison, Sam A., additional, Henderson, Shawn, additional, Hildebrandt, Sergi, additional, Hilton, Gene C., additional, Hubmayr, Johannes, additional, Hui, Howard, additional, Irwin, Kent D., additional, Kang, Jae Hwan, additional, Karkare, Kirit S., additional, Karpel, Ethan, additional, Kefeli, Sinan, additional, Kernasovskiy, Sarah A., additional, Kovac, John M., additional, Kuo, Chao-Lin, additional, Lau, King, additional, Leitch, Erik M., additional, Megerian, Koko G., additional, Minutolo, Lorenzo, additional, Moncelsi, Lorenzo, additional, Nakato, Yuka, additional, Namikawa, Toshiya, additional, Nguyen, Hien T., additional, O'brient, Roger, additional, Ogburn, R. Walt, additional, Palladino, Steven, additional, Precup, Nathan, additional, Prouve, Thomas, additional, Pryke, Clement, additional, Racine, Benjamin, additional, Reintsema, Carl, additional, Richter, Steffen, additional, Schillaci, Alessandro, additional, Schmitt, Benjamin, additional, Schwartz, Robert, additional, Sheehy, Chris D., additional, Soliman, Ahmed, additional, Steinbach, Bryan, additional, Sudiwala, Rashmi, additional, Teply, Grant, additional, Thompson, Keith L., additional, Tolan, James E., additional, Tucker, Carole, additional, Turner, Anthony D., additional, Umilta, Caterina, additional, Vieregg, Abigail G., additional, Wandui, Albert, additional, Weber, Alexis C., additional, Wiebe, Don, additional, Willmert, Justin, additional, Wong, Chin Lin, additional, Wu, Wai Ling K., additional, Yang, Hung-I, additional, Yoon, Ki Won, additional, Young, Edward, additional, Yu, Cyndia, additional, Zeng, Lingzhen, additional, Zhang, Cheng, additional, and Zhang, Silvia, additional

Published
2020
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28. Receiver development for BICEP Array, a next-generation CMB polarimeter at the South Pole

Author

Moncelsi, Lorenzo, primary, Ade, Peter A., additional, Ahmed, Zeeshan, additional, Amiri, Mandana, additional, Barkats, Denis, additional, Basu Thakur, Ritoban, additional, Bischoff, Colin A., additional, Bock, Jamie J., additional, Buza, Victor, additional, Cheshire, James R., additional, Connors, Jake, additional, Cornelison, James, additional, Crumrine, Michael, additional, Cukierman, Ari J., additional, Denison, Edward, additional, Dierickx, Marion, additional, Duband, Lionel, additional, Eiben, Miranda, additional, Fatigoni, Sofia, additional, Filippini, Jeffrey P., additional, Goeckner-Wald, Neil, additional, Goldfinger, David, additional, Grayson, James A., additional, Grimes, Paul, additional, Hall, Grantland, additional, Halpern, Mark, additional, Harrison, Samuel A., additional, Henderson, Shawn, additional, Hildebrandt, Sergi, additional, Hilton, Gene, additional, Hubmayr, Johannes, additional, Hui, Howard, additional, Irwin, Kent D., additional, Kang, Jae Hwan, additional, Karkare, Kirit S., additional, Kefeli, Sinan, additional, Kovac, John M., additional, Kuo, Chao-Lin, additional, Lau, Kenny, additional, Leitch, Erik M., additional, Megerian, Krikor G., additional, Minutolo, Lorenzo, additional, Nakato, Yuka, additional, Namikawa, Toshiya, additional, Nguyen, Hien T., additional, O'brient, Roger C., additional, Palladino, Steven, additional, Precup, Nathan, additional, Prouve, Thomas, additional, Pryke, Clement, additional, Racine, Benjamin, additional, Reintsema, Carl D., additional, Schillaci, Alessandro, additional, Schmitt, Benjamin, additional, Soliman, Ahmed, additional, St. Germaine, Tyler, additional, Steinbach, Bryan, additional, R.Sudiwala@astro.cf.ac.uk, Rashmi, additional, Thompson, Keith L., additional, Tucker, Carole, additional, Turner, Anthony D., additional, Umiltà, Caterina, additional, Vieregg, Abigail G., additional, Wandui, Albert, additional, Weber, Alexis C., additional, Wiebe, Don V., additional, Willmert, Justin, additional, Wu, Wai Ling K., additional, Yang, Hung-I E., additional, Yoon, Ki Won, additional, Young, Edward Y., additional, Yu, Cyndia, additional, Zeng, Lingzhen, additional, Zhang, Cheng, additional, and Zhang, Silvia, additional

Published
2020
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29. Polarization calibration of the BICEP3 CMB polarimeter at the South Pole

Author

Cornelison, James, primary, Ade, P. A. R. A., additional, Ahmed, Zeeshan, additional, Amiri, Mandana, additional, Barkats, Denis, additional, Basu Thakur, Ritoban, additional, Bischoff, Colin, additional, Bock, James, additional, Boenish, Hans, additional, Bullock, Eric, additional, Buza, Victor, additional, Cheshire, James R., additional, Connors, Jake, additional, Crumrine, Michael, additional, Cukierman, Ari J., additional, Denison, Edward, additional, Dierickx, Marion, additional, Duband, Lionel, additional, Eiben, Miranda, additional, Fatigoni, Sofia, additional, Filippini, Jeff, additional, Fliescher, Stefan, additional, Goeckner-Wald, Neil, additional, Goldfinger, David C., additional, Grayson, James A., additional, Grimes, Paul, additional, Hall, Grantland, additional, Halal, George, additional, Halpern, Mark, additional, Harrison, Samuel, additional, Henderson, Shawn, additional, Hildebrandt, Sergi, additional, Hilton, Gene C., additional, Hubmayr, Johannes, additional, Hui, Howard, additional, Irwin, Kent D., additional, Kang, Jae Hwan, additional, Karkare, Kirit, additional, Karpel, Ethan, additional, Kefeli, Sinan, additional, Kernasovkiy, Sarah A., additional, Kovac, John M., additional, Kuo, Chao-Lin, additional, Lau, King, additional, Leitch, Eric, additional, Megerian, Koko G., additional, Minutolo, Lorenzo, additional, Moncelsi, Lorenzo, additional, Nakato, Yuka, additional, Namikawa, Toshiya, additional, Nguyen, Hien, additional, O'Brient, Roger, additional, Ogburn, R W., additional, Palladino, Steven, additional, Precup, Nathan, additional, Prouve, Thomas, additional, Pryke, Clement, additional, Racine, Benjamin, additional, Reintsema, Carl D., additional, Richter, Steffen, additional, Schillaci, Alessandro, additional, Schmitt, Benjamin, additional, Schwarz, Robert, additional, Sheehy, Christopher D., additional, Soliman, Ahmed, additional, St. Germaine, Tyler, additional, Steinbach, Bryan, additional, Sudiwala, Rashmi, additional, Teply, Grant, additional, Thompson, Keith, additional, Tolan, James E., additional, Tucker, Carole, additional, Turner, Anthony D., additional, Umilita, Caterina, additional, Vieregg, Abigail G., additional, Wandui, Albert, additional, Weber, Alexis, additional, Wiebe, Don, additional, Willmert, Justin, additional, Wong, Chin Lin, additional, Wu, Kimmy, additional, Yang, Eric, additional, Yoon, Ki Won, additional, Young, Edward, additional, Yu, Cyndia, additional, Zeng, Lingzhen, additional, Zhang, Cheng, additional, and Zhang, Silvia, additional

Published
2020
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30. Observing low elevation sky and the CMB Cold Spot with BICEP3 at the South Pole

Author

Kang, Jae Hwan, primary, Ade, P. A. R., additional, Ahmed, Zeeshan, additional, Amiri, Mandana, additional, Barkats, Denis, additional, Basu Thakur, Ritoban, additional, Bischoff, Colin A., additional, Bock, James J., additional, Boenish, Hans, additional, Bullock, Eric, additional, Buza, Victor, additional, Cheshire, James R., additional, Connors, Jake, additional, Cornelison, James, additional, Crumrine, Michael, additional, Cukierman, Ari Jozef, additional, Denison, Edward, additional, Dierickx, Marion, additional, Duband, Lionel, additional, Eiben, Miranda, additional, Fatigoni, Sofia, additional, Filippini, Jeff P., additional, Fliescher, Stefan, additional, Goeckner-Wald, Neil, additional, Goldfinger, David, additional, Grayson, James A., additional, Grimes, Paul, additional, Hall, Grantland, additional, Halpern, Mark, additional, Harrison, Sam A., additional, Henderson, Shawn, additional, Hildebrandt, Sergi, additional, Hilton, Gene C., additional, Hubmayr, Johannes, additional, Hui, Howard, additional, Irwin, Kent D., additional, Karkare, Kirit S., additional, Karpel, Ethan, additional, Kefeli, Sinan, additional, Kernasovskiy, Sarah A., additional, Kovac, John M., additional, Kuo, Chao-Lin, additional, Lau, King, additional, Leitch, Erik M., additional, Megerian, Koko G., additional, Minutolo, Lorenzo, additional, Moncelsi, Lorenzo, additional, Nakato, Yuka, additional, Namikawa, Toshiya, additional, Nguyen, Hien T., additional, O'brient, Roger, additional, Ogburn IV, R. Walt, additional, Palladino, Steven, additional, Precup, Nathan, additional, Prouve, Thomas, additional, Pryke, Clement, additional, Racine, Benjamin, additional, Reintsema, Carl D., additional, Richter, Steffen, additional, Schillaci, Alessandro, additional, Schmitt, Benjamin, additional, Schwarz, Robert, additional, Sheehy, Chris D., additional, Soliman, Ahmed, additional, St Germaine, Tyler, additional, Steinbach, Bryan, additional, Sudiwala, Rashmi, additional, Teply, Grant, additional, Thompson, Keith L., additional, Tolan, James E., additional, Tucker, Carole, additional, Turner, Anthony D., additional, Umiltà, Caterina, additional, Vieregg, Abigail G., additional, Wandui, Albert, additional, Weber, Alexis C., additional, Wiebe, Don, additional, Willmert, Justin, additional, Wong, Chin Lin, additional, Wu, Wai Ling K., additional, Yang, Hung-I, additional, Yoon, Ki Won, additional, Young, Edward, additional, Yu, Cyndia, additional, Zeng, Lingzhen, additional, Zhang, Cheng, additional, and Zhang, Silvia, additional

Published
2020
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31. Astro2020 Science White Paper: Primordial Non-Gaussianity

Author

Meerburg, P. Daniel, Green, Daniel, Abidi, Muntazir, Amin, Mustafa A., Adshead, Peter, Ahmed, Zeeshan, Alonso, David, Ansarinejad, Behzad, Armstrong, Robert, Ávila, Santiago, Baccigalupi, Carlo, Baldauf, Tobias, Ballardini, Mario, Bandura, Kevin, Bartolo, Nicola, Battaglia, Nicholas, Baumann, Daniel, Bavdhankar, Chetan, Bernal, José Luis, Beutler, Florian, Biagetti, Matteo, Bischoff, Colin, Blazek, Jonathan, Bond, J. Richard, Borrill, Julian, Bouchet, François R., Bull, Philip, Burgess, Cliff, Byrnes, Christian, Calabrese, Erminia, Carlstrom, John E., Castorina, Emanuele, Challinor, Anthony, Chang, Tzu-Ching, Chaves-Montero, Jonas, Chen, Xingang, Yeche, Christophe, Cooray, Asantha, Coulton, William, Crawford, Thomas, Chisari, Elisa, Cyr-Racine, Francis-Yan, d'Amico, Guido, de Bernardis, Paolo, de La Macorra, Axel, Dore, Olivier, Duivenvoorden, Adri, Dunkley, Joanna, Dvorkin, Cora, Eggemeier, Alexander, Escoffier, Stephanie, Essinger-Hileman, Tom, Fasiello, Matteo, Ferraro, Simone, Flauger, Raphael, Font-Ribera, Andreu, Foreman, Simon, Friedrich, Oliver, Garcia-Bellido, Juan, Gerbino, Martina, Gluscevic, Vera, Goon, Garrett, Gorski, Krzysztof M., Gudmundsson, Jon E., Gupta, Nikhel, Hanany, Shaul, Handley, Will, Hawken, Adam J., Hill, J. Colin, Hirata, Christopher M., Hložek, Renée, Holder, Gilbert, Huterer, Dragan, Kamionkowski, Marc, Karkare, Kirit S., Keeley, Ryan E., Kinney, William, Kisner, Theodore, Kneib, Jean-Paul, Knox, Lloyd, Koushiappas, Savvas M., Kovetz, Ely D., Koyama, Kazuya, L'Huillier, Benjamin, Lahav, Ofer, Lattanzi, Massimiliano, Lee, Hayden, Liguori, Michele, Loverde, Marilena, Madhavacheril, Mathew, Maldacena, Juan, Marsh, M. C. David, Masui, Kiyoshi, Matarrese, Sabino, Mcallister, Liam, Mcmahon, Jeff, Mcquinn, Matthew, Meyers, Joel, Mirbabayi, Mehrdad, Dizgah, Azadeh Moradinezhad, Motloch, Pavel, Mukherjee, Suvodip, Muñoz, Julian B., Myers, Adam D., Nagy, Johanna, Naselsky, Pavel, Nati, Federico, Nicolis, Alberto, Niemack, Michael D., Niz, Gustavo, Nomerotski, Andrei, Page, Lyman, Pajer, Enrico, Padmanabhan, Hamsa, Palma, Gonzalo A., Peiris, Hiranya V., Percival, Will J., Piacentni, Francesco, Pimentel, Guilherme L., Pogosian, Levon, Prescod-Weinstein, Chanda, Pryke, Clement, Puglisi, Giuseppe, Racine, Benjamin, Stompor, Radek, Raveri, Marco, Remazeilles, Mathieu, Rocha, Gracca, Ross, Ashley J., Rossi, Graziano, Ruhl, John, Sasaki, Misao, Schaan, Emmanuel, Schillaci, Alessandro, Schmittfull, Marcel, Sehgal, Neelima, Senatore, Leonardo, Seo, Hee-Jong, Shan, Huanyuan, Shandera, Sarah, Sherwin, Blake D., Silverstein, Eva, Simon, Sara, Slosar, Anže, Staggs, Suzanne, Starkman, Glenn, Stebbins, Albert, Suzuki, Aritoki, Switzer, Eric R., Timbie, Peter, Tolley, Andrew J., Tomasi, Maurizio, Tristram, Matthieu, Trodden, Mark, Tsai, Yu-Dai, Uhlemann, Cora, Umiltà, Caterina, van Engelen, Alexander, Vargas-Magaña, M., Vieregg, Abigail, Wallisch, Benjamin, Wands, David, Wandelt, Benjamin, Wang, Yi, Watson, Scott, Wise, Mark, Wu, W. L. K., Xianyu, Zhong-Zhi, Xu, Weishuang, Yasini, Siavash, Young, Sam, Yutong, Duan, Zaldarriaga, Matias, Zemcov, Michael, Zhao, Gong-Bo, Zheng, Yi, Zhu, Ningfeng, University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), University of California [San Diego] (UC San Diego), University of California (UC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Institute of Cosmology and Gravitation [Portsmouth] (ICG), University of Portsmouth, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Canadian Institute for Theoretical Astrophysics (CITA), Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory [Berkeley] (LBNL), Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Argonne National Laboratory [Lemont] (ANL), Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology (KIPAC), Stanford University, Facultad de Ingeniería [Buenos Aires] (FIUBA), Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA), Dipartimento di Fisica [Roma La Sapienza], Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome] (UNIROMA), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México = National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille (CPPM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University College of London [London] (UCL), National Oceanography Centre [Southampton] (NOC), University of Southampton, Johns Hopkins University (JHU), Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute (KASI), ICRA and Physics Department, Columbia University [New York], Dipartimento di Fisica 'G. Galilei', Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics [Chicago] (KICP), University of Chicago, School of Physics and Astronomy [Nottingham], University of Nottingham, UK (UON), Institute for Astronomy [Zürich], Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), University of Waterloo [Waterloo], University of New Hampshire (UNH), Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia - Sezione di Catania (INGV), Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics (CfA), Harvard University-Smithsonian Institution, APC - Cosmologie, AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), University of Manchester [Manchester], Brookhaven National Laboratory [Upton, NY] (BNL), UT-Battelle, LLC-Stony Brook University [SUNY] (SBU), State University of New York (SUNY)-State University of New York (SUNY)-U.S. Department of Energy [Washington] (DOE), Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre for Theoretical Cosmology, Institute for Advanced Study Princeton, School of physics and astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, University of California, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid (UAM), Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome], Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Okayama University, Universita degli Studi di Padova, Smithsonian Institution-Harvard University [Cambridge], Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), U.S. Department of Energy [Washington] (DOE)-UT-Battelle, LLC-Stony Brook University [SUNY] (SBU), State University of New York (SUNY)-State University of New York (SUNY), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), and Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México - UNAM (MEXICO)

Subjects
[PHYS.ASTR.CO]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

5 pages + references; Submitted to the Astro2020 call for science white papers. This version: fixed author list; International audience; Our current understanding of the Universe is established through the pristine measurements of structure in the cosmic microwave background (CMB) and the distribution and shapes of galaxies tracing the large scale structure (LSS) of the Universe. One key ingredient that underlies cosmological observables is that the field that sources the observed structure is assumed to be initially Gaussian with high precision. Nevertheless, a minimal deviation from Gaussianityis perhaps the most robust theoretical prediction of models that explain the observed Universe; itis necessarily present even in the simplest scenarios. In addition, most inflationary models produce far higher levels of non-Gaussianity. Since non-Gaussianity directly probes the dynamics in the early Universe, a detection would present a monumental discovery in cosmology, providing clues about physics at energy scales as high as the GUT scale.

Published
2019

32. Gravitational probes of ultra-light axions

Author

Grin, Daniel, Amin, Mustafa A., Gluscevic, Vera, Hlǒzek, Renée, Marsh, David J.E., Poulin, Vivian, Prescod-Weinstein, Chanda, Smith, Tristan L., Ahmed, Zeeshan, Armengaud, Eric, Armstrong, Robert, Baccigalupi, Carlo, Baldi, Marco, Banik, Nilanjan, Barkana, Rennan, Barron, Darcy, Baumann, Daniel, Bechtol, Keith, Bischoff, Colin, Bleem, Lindsey, Bond, J. Richard, Borrill, Julian, Broadhurst, Tom, Carlstrom, John, Castorina, Emanuele, Clowe, Douglas, Cyr-Racine, Francis-Yan, Cooray, Asantha, Demarteau, Marcel, D'Amico, Guido, Doré, Oliver, Du, Xiaolong, Dunkley, Joanna, Dvorkin, Cora, Emami, Razieh, Essinger-Hileman, Tom, Ferreira, Pedro G., Flauger, Raphael, Foreman, Simon, Gerbino, Martina, Giblin, Jr John T., González-Morales, Alma, Green, Daniel, Gudmundsson, Jon E., Hanany, Shaul, Hertzberg, Mark, Hernández-Aguayo, César, Hill, J. Colin, Hirata, Christopher M., Hui, Lam, Huterer, Dragan, Iršič, Vid, Kadota, Kenji, Kamionkowski, Marc, Keeley, Ryan E., Kisner, Theodore, Knox, Lloyd, Koushiappas, Savvas M., Kovetz, Ely D., Kobayashi, Takeshi, Lattanzi, Massimiliano, Li, Bohua, Lidz, Adam, Liguori, Michele, Lommen, Andrea, de la Macorra, Axel, Matos, Tonatiuh, Masui, Kiyoshi, McAllister, Liam, McMahon, Jeff, McQuinn, Matthew, Meerburg, P. Daniel, Meyers, Joel, Mirbabayi, Mehrdad, Mukherjee, Suvodip, Muñoz, Julian B., Nagy, Johanna, Niemeyer, Jens, Nomerotski, Andrei, Nori, Matteo, Page, Lyman, Partridge, Bruce, Piacentini, Francesco, Pogosian, Levon, Pradler, Josef, Pryke, Clement, Puglisi, Giuseppe, Raccanelli, Alvise, Raffelt, Georg, Rajendran, Surjeet, Raveri, Marco, Redondo, Javier, Rindler-Daller, Tanja, Saikawa, Ken'ichi, Schive, Hsi-Yu, Schwabe, Bodo, Sehgal, Neelima, Senatore, Leonardo, Shapiro, Paul R., Sherwin, Blake D., Sikivie, Pierre, Simon, Sara, Slosar, Anže, Soda, Jiro, Spergel, David N., Staggs, Suzanne, Stebbins, Albert, Stompor, Radek, Suzuki, Aritoki, Tsai, Yu-Dai, Uhlemann, Cora, Umiltà, Caterina, Ureña-Lopez, L., Di Valentino, Eleonora, Venters, Tonia M., Vieregg, Abigail, Visinelli, Luca, Wallisch, Benjamin, Watson, Scott, Whitehorn, Nathan, Wu, W.L.K., Zaldarriaga, Matias, Zhu, Ningfeng, Laboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier (LUPM), and Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Theory, Astrophysics and Astronomy, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), gr-qc, interference, FOS: Physical sciences, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc), dark matter: density, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, microwaves: background, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph), cosmological model: parameter space, structure, string model, Particle Physics - Phenomenology, background: anisotropy, General Relativity and Cosmology, [PHYS.HTHE]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Theory [hep-th], hep-th, strong interaction, hep-ph, suppression, tension, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th), gravitation, dark energy: density, axion, hydrogen, [PHYS.HPHE]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Phenomenology [hep-ph], astro-ph.CO, [PHYS.GRQC]Physics [physics]/General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology [gr-qc], black hole: mass spectrum, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], absorption, Particle Physics - Theory, signature, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

The axion is a hypothetical, well-motivated dark-matter particle whose existence would explain the lack of charge-parity violation in the strong interaction. In addition to this original motivation, an `axiverse' of ultra-light axions (ULAs) with masses $10^{-33}\,{\rm eV}\lesssim m_{\rm a}\lesssim 10^{-10}\,{\rm eV}$ also emerges from string theory. Depending on the mass, such a ULA contributes to the dark-matter density, or alternatively, behaves like dark energy. At these masses, ULAs' classical wave-like properties are astronomically manifested, potentially mitigating observational tensions within the $\Lambda$CDM paradigm on local-group scales. ULAs also provide signatures on small scales such as suppression of structure, interference patterns and solitons to distinguish them from heavier dark matter candidates. Through their gravitational imprint, ULAs in the presently allowed parameter space furnish a host of observational tests to target in the next decade, altering standard predictions for microwave background anisotropies, galaxy clustering, Lyman-$\alpha$ absorption by neutral hydrogen along quasar sightlines, pulsar timing, and the black-hole mass spectrum., Comment: 5 pages, 1 figure, Astro2020 Decadal Survey science white paper

Published
2019

33. Dark Energy and Modified Gravity

Author

Slosar, Anže, Abazajian, Kevork N., Ahmed, Zeeshan, Alonso, David, Amin, Mustafa A., Ansarinejad, Behzad, Armstrong, Robert, Asorey, Jacobo, Avelino, Arturo, Avila, Santiago, Baccigalupi, Carlo, Ballardini, Mario, Bandura, Kevin, Battaglia, Nicholas, Bender, Amy N., Bennett, Charles, Benson, Bradford, Beutler, Florian, Bianchini, F., Bilicki, Maciej, Bischoff, Colin, Biviano, Andrea, Blazek, Jonathan, Bleem, Lindsey, Bolton, Adam S., Bond, J. Richard, Borrill, Julian, Bose, Sownak, Boucaud, Alexandre, Bouchet, Francois R., Buckley-Geer, Elizabeth, Bull, Philip, Cai, Zheng, Carlstrom, John E., Castander, Francisco J., Castorina, Emanuele, Challinor, Anthony, Chang, Tzu-Ching, Chaves-Montero, Jonas, Chisari, Nora Elisa, Clowe, Douglas, Comparat, Johan, Cooray, Asantha, Croft, Rupert A. C., Cyr-Racine, Francis-Yan, D Amico, Guido, Davis, Tamara M., Dawson, Kyle, Demarteau, Marcel, Dey, Arjun, Dore, Olivier, Yutong, Duan, Dunkley, Joanna, Dvorkin, Cora, Eggemeier, Alexander, Eisenstein, Daniel, Ellison, John, Engelen, Alexander, Escoffier, Stephanie, Fabbian, Giulio, Ferraro, Simone, Ferreira, Pedro G., Font-Ribera, Andreu, Foreman, Simon, Fosalba, Pablo, Friedrich, Oliver, Garcıa-Bellido, Juan, Gerbino, Martina, Gill, Mandeep S. S., Gluscevic, Vera, Gontcho A Gontcho, Satya, Gorski, Krzysztof M., Gruen, Daniel, Gudmundsson, Jon E., Gupta, Nikhel, Guy, Julien, Hanany, Shaul, Handley, Will, Hernández-Aguayo, César, Hill, J. Colin, Hirata, Christopher M., Hlozek, Renée, Holder, Gilbert, Huterer, Dragan, Ishak, Mustapha, Jeltema, Tesla, Jha, Saurabh W., Cohen-Tanugi, Johann, Johnson, Bradley, Kamionkowski, Marc, Karkare, Kirit S., E Keeley, Ryan, Khatri, Rishi, Kirkby, David, Kisner, Theodore, Kneib, Jean-Paul, Knox, Lloyd, Koushiappas, Savvas M., Kovetz, Ely D., Koyama, Kazuya, Krause, Elisabeth, Benjamin L'Huillier, Lahav, Ofer, Lattanzi, Massimiliano, Leonard, Danielle, Levi, Michael, Liguori, Michele, Linden, Anja, Loverde, Marilena, Lukic, Zarija, La Macorra, Axel, Madhavacheril, Mathew, Plazas, Andres, Spurio Mancini, Alessio, Manera, Marc, Mantz, Adam, Martini, Paul, Masui, Kiyoshi, Mcmahon, Jeff, Meerburg, P. Daniel, Mertens, James, Meyers, Joel, More, Surhud, Motloch, Pavel, Mukherjee, Suvodip, Muñoz, Julian B., Myers, Adam D., Nagy, Johanna, Palanque-Delabrouille, Nathalie, Newburgh, Laura, Newman, Jeffrey A., Niemack, Michael D., Niz, Gustavo, Nomerotski, Andrei, O Connor, Paul, Page, Lyman, Palmese, Antonella, Penna-Lima, Mariana, Percival, Will J., Piacentni, Francesco, Pieri, Matthew M., Pierpaoli, Elena, Pogosian, Levon, Prakash, Abhishek, Pryke, Clement, Puglisi, Giuseppe, Stompor, Radek, Raveri, Marco, Reichardt, Christian L., Rhodes, Jason, Rodney, Steven, Rose, Benjamin, Ross, Ashley J., Rossi, Graziano, Ruhl, John, Saliwanchik, Benjamin, Samushia, Lado, Sanchez, Javier, Sasaki, Misao, Schaan, Emmanuel, Schlegel, David J., Schmittfull, Marcel, Schubnell, Michael, Scott, Douglas, Sehgal, Neelima, Senatore, Leonardo, Seo, Hee-Jong, Shafieloo, Arman, Shan, Huanyuan, Sherwin, Blake D., Shi, Feng, Simon, Sara, Slosar, Anze, Staggs, Suzanne, Starkman, Glenn, Stebbins, Albert, Suzuki, Aritoki, Switzer, Eric R., Timbie, Peter, Tolley, Andrew J., Tristram, Matthieu, Trodden, Mark, Troxel, M. A., Uhlemann, Cora, Umilta, Caterina, Urenna-Lopez, L. Arturo, Di Valentino, Eleonora, Vargas-Magana, M., Vieregg, Abigail, Walter, Christopher W., Wang, Yi, Watson, Scott, White, Martin, Whitehorn, Nathan, Wu, W. L. K., Xu, Weishuang, Yasini, Siavash, Zaldarriaga, Matias, Zhao, Gong-Bo, Zheng, Yi, Zhu, Hong-Ming, Zhu, Ningfeng, Zuntz, Joe, AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille (CPPM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier (LUPM), Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), HEP, INSPIRE, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Observatoire de Paris, and PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
cosmological model, Hubble constant, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), gravitation: model, FOS: Physical sciences, cosmic background radiation, baryon: oscillation: acoustic, gravitation: lens, statistical analysis, supernova, Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect, astro-ph.CO, galaxy: cluster, expansion: acceleration, [PHYS.ASTR] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], dark energy, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

Despite two decades of tremendous experimental and theoretical progress, the riddle of the accelerated expansion of the Universe remains to be solved. On the experimental side, our understanding of the possibilities and limitations of the major dark energy probes has evolved; here we summarize the major probes and their crucial challenges. On the theoretical side, the taxonomy of explanations for the accelerated expansion rate is better understood, providing clear guidance to the relevant observables. We argue that: i) improving statistical precision and systematic control by taking more data, supporting research efforts to address crucial challenges for each probe, using complementary methods, and relying on cross-correlations is well motivated; ii) blinding of analyses is difficult but ever more important; iii) studies of dark energy and modified gravity are related; and iv) it is crucial that R&D for a vibrant dark energy program in the 2030s be started now by supporting studies and technical R&D that will allow embryonic proposals to mature. Understanding dark energy, arguably the biggest unsolved mystery in both fundamental particle physics and cosmology, will remain one of the focal points of cosmology in the forthcoming decade., 5 pages + references; science white paper submitted to the Astro2020 decadal survey

Published
2019

34. CMB-S4

Author

Carlstrom, John, Abazajian, Kevork, Addison, Graeme, Adshead, Peter, Ahmed, Zeeshan, Allen, Steven W., Alonso, David, Alvarez, Marcelo, Anderson, Adam, Arnold, Kam S., Baccigalupi, Carlo, Schaan, Emmanuel, Schillaci, Alessandro, Schmittfull, Marcel M., Scott, Douglas, Sehgal, Neelima, Shandera, Sarah, Sheehy, Christopher, Sherwin, Blake D., Shirokoff, Erik, Bean, Rachel, Hložek, Renee, Simon, Sara M., Slosar, Anze, Somerville, Rachel, Staggs, Suzanne T., Stark, Antony, Stompor, Radek, Story, Kyle T., Stoughton, Chris, Suzuki, Aritoki, Tajima, Osamu, Holder, Gil, Bebek, Chris, Teply, Grant P., Thompson, Keith, Timbie, Peter, Tomasi, Maurizio, Treu, Jesse I., Tristram, Matthieu, Tucker, Gregory, Umilta, Caterina, van Engelen, Alexander, Holzapfel, William, Vieira, Joaquin D., Bender, Amy N., Vieregg, Abigail G., Vogelsberger, Mark, Wang, Gensheng, Watson, Scott, White, Martin, Whitehorn, Nathan, Wollack, Edward J., Wu, W. L. Kimmy, Hubmayr, Johannes, Xu, Zhilei, Yasini, Siavash, Benson, Bradford A., Yeck, James, Yoon, Ki Won, Young, Edward, Zonca, Andrea, Berger, Edo, Bhimani, Sanah, Bischoff, Colin A., Huffenberger, Kevin M., Bleem, Lindsey, Bocquet, Sebastian, Boddy, Kimberly, BONATO, MATTEO, Bond, J. Richard, Borrill, Julian, Bouchet, François R., Brown, Michael L., Bryan, Sean, Burkhart, Blakesley, Huffer, Michael, Buza, Victor, Byrum, Karen, Calabrese, Erminia, Calafut, Victoria, Caldwell, Robert, Carlstrom, John E., Carron, Julien, Cecil, Thomas, Challinor, Anthony, Chang, Clarence L., Hui, Howard, Chinone, Yuji, Cho, Hsiao-Mei Sherry, Cooray, Asantha, Crawford, Thomas M., Crites, Abigail, Cukierman, Ari, Cyr-Racine, Francis-Yan, de Haan, Tijmen, DE ZOTTI, Gianfranco, Delabrouille, Jacques, Irwin, Kent, Demarteau, Marcel, Devlin, Mark, Di Valentino, Eleonora, Dobbs, Matt, Duff, Shannon, Duivenvoorden, Adriaan, Dvorkin, Cora, Edwards, William, Eimer, Joseph, Errard, Josquin, Johnson, Bradley R., Essinger-Hileman, Thomas, Fabbian, Giulio, Feng, Chang, Ferraro, Simone, Filippini, Jeffrey P., Flauger, Raphael, Flaugher, Brenna, Fraisse, Aurelien A., Frolov, Andrei, Galitzki, Nicholas, Johnstone, Doug, Galli, Silvia, Ganga, Ken, Gerbino, Martina, Gilchriese, Murdock, Gluscevic, Vera, Green, Daniel, Grin, Daniel, Grohs, Evan, Gualtieri, Riccardo, Guarino, Victor, Bailey, Kathy, Gudmundsson, Jon E., Habib, Salman, Haller, Gunther, Halpern, Mark, Halverson, Nils W., Hanany, Shaul, Harrington, Kathleen, Hasegawa, Masaya, Hasselfield, Matthew, Hazumi, Masashi, Jones, William C., Heitmann, Katrin, Henderson, Shawn, Henning, Jason W., Hill, J. Colin, Karkare, Kirit, Katayama, Nobuhiko, Kerby, James, Kernovsky, Sarah, Keskitalo, Reijo, Kisner, Theodore, Knox, Lloyd, Kosowsky, Arthur, Kovac, John, Barkats, Denis, Kovetz, Ely D., Kuhlmann, Steve, Kuo, Chao-lin, Kurita, Nadine, Kusaka, Akito, Lahteenmaki, Anne, Lawrence, Charles R., Lee, Adrian T., Lewis, Antony, Li, Dale, Barron, Darcy, Linder, Eric, Loverde, Marilena, Lowitz, Amy, Madhavacheril, Mathew S., Mantz, Adam, Matsuda, Frederick, Mauskopf, Philip, McMahon, Jeff, Meerburg, P. Daniel, Melin, JeanBaptiste, Barry, Peter S., Meyers, Joel, Millea, Marius, Mohr, Joseph, Moncelsi, Lorenzo, Mroczkowski, Tony, Mukherjee, Suvodip, Munchmeyer, Moritz, Nagai, Daisuke, Nagy, Johanna, Namikawa, Toshiya, Bartlett, James G., Nati, Federico, Natoli, Tyler, Negrello, Mattia, Newburgh, Laura, Niemack, Michael D., Nishino, Haruki, Nordby, Martin, Novosad, Valentine, O'Connor, Paul, Obied, Georges, Basu Thakur, Ritoban, Padin, Stephen, Pandey, Shivam, Partridge, Bruce, Pierpaoli, Elena, Pogosian, Levon, Pryke, Clement, Puglisi, Giuseppe, Racine, Benjamin, Raghunathan, Srinivasan, Rahlin, Alexandra, Battaglia, Nicholas, Rajagopalan, Srini, Raveri, Marco, Reichanadter, Mark, Reichardt, Christian L., Remazeilles, Mathieu, Rocha, Graca, Roe, Natalie A., Roy, Anirban, Ruhl, John, Salatino, Maria, Baxter, Eric, and Saliwanchik, Benjamin

Subjects
Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

We describe the stage 4 cosmic microwave background ground-based experiment CMB-S4.

Published
2019

35. CMB-S4 Science Book, First Edition

Author

Abazajian, Kevork N., Adshead, Peter, Ahmed, Zeeshan, Allen, Steven W., Alonso, David, Arnold, Kam S., Baccigalupi, Carlo, Bartlett, James G., Battaglia, Nicholas, Benson, Bradford A., Bischoff, Colin A., Borrill, Julian, Buza, Victor, Calabrese, Erminia, Caldwell, Robert, Carlstrom, John E., Chang, Clarence L., Crawford, Thomas M., Francis-Yan, Cyr-Racine, Francesco, Bernardis, Haan, Tijmen, Di Serego Alighieri, Sperello, Dunkley, Joanna, Dvorkin, Cora, Errard, Josquin, Fabbian, Giulio, Feeney, Stephen, Ferraro, Simone, Filippini, Jeffrey P., Flauger, Raphael, Fuller, George M., Gluscevic, Vera, Green, Daniel, Grin, Daniel, Grohs, Evan, Henning, Jason W., Colin Hill, J., Hložek, Renée, Holder, Gilbert, Holzapfel, William, Hu, Wayne, Huffenberger, Kevin M., Keskitalo, Reijo, Knox, Lloyd, Kosowsky, Arthur, Kovac, John, Kovetz, Ely D., Chao-Lin, Kuo, Kusaka, Akito, Maude Le, Jeune, Lee, Adrian T., Lilley, Marc, Loverde, Marilena, Mathew Madhavacheril, Mantz, Adam, Marsh, David J. E., Jeffrey, Mcmahon, Pieter Daniel, Meerburg, Meyers, Joel, Miller, Amber D., Munoz, Julian B., Nguyen, Ho Nam, Niemack, Michael D., Peloso, Marco, Peloton, Julien, Pogosian, Levon, Pryke, Clement, Raveri, Marco, Reichardt, Christian L., Rocha, Graca, Rotti, Aditya, Schaan, Emmanuel, Schmittfull, Marcel M., Scott, Douglas, Sehgal, Neelima, Shandera, Sarah, Sherwin, Blake D., Smith, Tristan L., Sorbo, Lorenzo, Starkman, Glenn D., Story, Kyle T., Engelen, Alexander, Vieira, Joaquin D., Watson, Scott, Whitehorn, Nathan, and Wu, W. L. Kimmy

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Theory, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), gr-qc, hep-th, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, FOS: Physical sciences, hep-ph, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc), Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph), High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th), astro-ph.CO, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

This book lays out the scientific goals to be addressed by the next-generation ground-based cosmic microwave background experiment, CMB-S4, envisioned to consist of dedicated telescopes at the South Pole, the high Chilean Atacama plateau and possibly a northern hemisphere site, all equipped with new superconducting cameras. CMB-S4 will dramatically advance cosmological studies by crossing critical thresholds in the search for the B-mode polarization signature of primordial gravitational waves, in the determination of the number and masses of the neutrinos, in the search for evidence of new light relics, in constraining the nature of dark energy, and in testing general relativity on large scales.

Published
2017

36. Design and performance of wide-band corrugated walls for the BICEP Array detector modules at 30/40 GHz

Author

Soliman, Ahmed, primary, Benton, Steve J., primary, Bischoff, Colin A., primary, Bock, James J., primary, Bullock, Eric, primary, Dvorkin, Cora, primary, Filippini, Jeff P., primary, Fliescher, Stefan, primary, Grayson, James A., primary, Halpern, Mark, primary, Harrison, Sam A., primary, Hildebrandt, Sergi, primary, Hilton, Gene C., primary, Hui, Howard, primary, Irwin, Kent D., primary, Kang, Jae Hwan, primary, Karkare, Kirit S., primary, Karpel, Ethan, primary, Kaufman, Jonathan, primary, Keating, Brian G., primary, Kefeli, Sinan, primary, Kernasovskiy, Sarah A., primary, Kovac, J. M., primary, Kuo, Chao-Lin, primary, Larson, Nicole, primary, Lau, King, primary, Leitch, Erik M., primary, Lueker, Martin, primary, Megerian, K(oko). G., primary, Moncelsi, Lorenzo, primary, Namikawa, Toshiya, primary, Netterfield, C. B., primary, Nguyen, H. T., primary, O'brient, Roger, primary, Ogburn IV, R. Walt, primary, Palladino, Stephen, primary, Pryke, Clement, primary, Racine, Benjamin, primary, Richter, Steffen, primary, Schillaci, Alessandro, primary, Schwarz, Robert, primary, Vieregg, Abigail G., primary, Wandui, Albert, primary, Weber, Alexis C., primary, Wiebe, Don, primary, Willmert, Justin, primary, Wong, Chin Lin, primary, Wu, Wai Ling K., primary, Yang, Hung-I., primary, Yoon, Ki Won, primary, Zhang, Cheng, primary, Ade, P. A. R., primary, Ahmed, Zeeshan, primary, Aikin, Randol, primary, Alexander, Kate D., primary, Barkats, Denis, primary, Bowens-Rubin, Rachel, primary, Brevik, Justus A., primary, Buder, Immanuel, primary, Buza, Victor, primary, Connors, Jake, primary, Cornelison, James, primary, Crill, Brendan, primary, Crumrine, Michael, primary, Dierickx, Marion, primary, Duband, Lionel, primary, Hall, Grantland, primary, Sheehy, Chris D., primary, St Germaine, Tyler, primary, Staniszewski, Zachary K., primary, Steinbach, Bryan, primary, Sudiwala, Rashmi, primary, Teply, Grant P., primary, Thompson, Keith L., primary, Tolan, James E., primary, Tucker, Carole, primary, Turner, Anthony D., primary, Umiltà, Caterina, primary, and Vanzyl, Jakob, primary

Published
2018
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37. 2017 upgrade and performance of BICEP3: a 95GHz refracting telescope for degree-scale CMB polarization

Author

Ade, Peter A., primary, Ahmed, Zeeshan, primary, Aikin, Randol, primary, Alexander, Kate D., primary, Barkats, Denis, primary, Benton, Steve J., primary, Bischoff, Colin A., primary, Bock, James J., primary, Boenish, Hans, primary, Bowens-Rubin, Rachel, primary, Brevik, Justus A., primary, Buder, Immanuel, primary, Bullock, Eric, primary, Buza, Victor, primary, Conners, Jake, primary, Cornelison, James, primary, Crill, Brendan, primary, Crumrine, Michael, primary, Dierickx, Marion, primary, Duband, Lionel, primary, Dvorkin, Cora, primary, Filippini, Jeff P., primary, Fliescher, Stefan, primary, Grayson, James A., primary, Hall, Grantland, primary, Halpern, Mark, primary, Harrison, Sam A., primary, Hildebrandt, Sergi, primary, Hilton, Gene C., primary, Hui, Howard, primary, Irwin, Kent D., primary, Karkare, Kirit S., primary, Karpel, Ethan, primary, Kaufman, Jonathan, primary, Keating, Brian G., primary, Kefeli, Sinan, primary, Kernasovskiy, Sarah A., primary, Kovac, John M., primary, Kuo, Chao-Lin, primary, Larsen, Nicole, primary, Lau, King, primary, Leitch, Erik M., primary, Lueker, Martin, primary, Megerian, Koko G., primary, Moncelsi, Lorenzo, primary, Namikawa, Toshiya, primary, Netterfield, C. B., primary, Nguyen, Hien T., primary, O'brient, Roger, primary, Ogburn IV, R. W., primary, Palladino, Stephen, primary, Pryke, Clement, primary, Racine, Benjamin, primary, Richter, Steffen, primary, Schillaci, Alessandro, primary, Schwarz, Robert, primary, Sheehy, Chris D., primary, Soliman, Ahmed, primary, St Germaine, Tyler, primary, Staniszewski, Zachary K., primary, Steinbach, Bryan, primary, Sudiwala, Rashmi, primary, Teply, Grant P., primary, Thompson, Keith L., primary, Tolan, James E., primary, Tucker, Carole, primary, Turner, Anthony D., primary, Umiltà, Caterina, primary, Vieregg, Abigail G., primary, Wandui, Albert, primary, Weber, Alexis C., primary, Wiebe, Don, primary, Willmert, Justin, primary, Wong, Chin Lin, primary, Wu, Wai Ling K., primary, Yang, Hung-I, primary, Yoon, Ki Won, primary, Zhang, Cheng, primary, and Kang, Jae Hwan, primary

Published
2018
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38. Ultra-thin large-aperture vacuum windows for millimeter wavelengths receivers

Author

Dierickx, Marion, primary, Barkats, Denis, primary, Kovac, John, primary, Pentacoff, Christopher, primary, Karkare, Kirit S., primary, Larsen, Nicole A., primary, Lau, King, primary, Leitch, Erik M., primary, Lueker, Martin, primary, Megerian, Koko G., primary, Moncelsi, Lorenzo, primary, Namikawa, Toshiya, primary, Nguyen, H. T., primary, O'Brient, Roger, primary, Ogburn, R. W., primary, Palladino, Stephen, primary, Pryke, Clement, primary, Racine, Benjamin, primary, Richter, Steffen, primary, Schillaci, Alessandro, primary, Schwarz, Robert, primary, Sheehy, Chris D., primary, Soliman, Ahmed, primary, St. Germaine, Tyler, primary, Staniszewski, Zachary K., primary, Steinbach, Bryan, primary, Sudiwala, Rashmi, primary, Teply, Grant P., primary, Thompson, Keith L., primary, Tolan, James E., primary, Tucker, Carole, primary, Turner, Anthony D., primary, Umilta, Caterina, primary, Ade, P. A., primary, Ahmed, Zeeshan, primary, Aikin, Randol W., primary, Alexander, Kate D., primary, Benton, Steve J., primary, Bischoff, Colin A., primary, Bock, James J., primary, Bowens-Rubin, Rachel, primary, Brevik, Justus A., primary, Buder, Immanuel, primary, Bullock, Eric, primary, Buza, Victor, primary, Connors, Jake, primary, Cornelison, James, primary, Crill, Brendan P., primary, Crumrine, Michael, primary, Duband, Lionel, primary, Dvorkin, Cora, primary, Filippini, Jeff P., primary, Fliescher, Stefan, primary, Grayson, James A., primary, Hall, Grantland, primary, Halpern, Mark, primary, Harrison, Sam A., primary, Hildebrandt, Sergi R., primary, Hilton, Gene C., primary, Hui, Howard, primary, Irwin, Kent D., primary, Kang, Jae Hwan, primary, Karpel, Ethan, primary, Kaufman, Jonathan P., primary, Keating, Brian G., primary, Kefeli, Sinan, primary, Kernasovskiy, Sarah A., primary, Kuo, Chao-Lin, primary, Vieregg, Abigail G., primary, Wandui, Albert, primary, Weber, Alexis C., primary, Wiebe, Don V., primary, Willmert, Justin, primary, Wong, Chin Lin, primary, Wu, Wai Ling K., primary, Yang, Eric, primary, Yoon, Ki Won, primary, and Zhang, Cheng, primary

Published
2018
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39. BICEP array cryostat and mount design

Author

Crumrine, Michael, primary, Ade, P.A.R., primary, Ahmed, Zeeshan, primary, Aikin, Randol, primary, Alexander, Kate D., primary, Barkats, Denis, primary, Benton, Steve J., primary, Bischoff, Colin, primary, Bock, James J., primary, Bowens-Rubin, Rachel, primary, Brevik, Justus A., primary, Buder, Immanuel, primary, Bullock, Eric, primary, Buza, Victor, primary, Connors, Jake, primary, Cornelison, James, primary, Crill, Bendan, primary, Dierickx, Marion, primary, Duband, Lionel, primary, Dvorkin, Cora, primary, Filippini, Jeff P., primary, Fliescher, Stefan, primary, Grayson, James A., primary, Hall, Grantland, primary, Halpern, Mark, primary, Harrison, Sam A., primary, Hildebrandt, Sergi, primary, Hilton, Gene C., primary, Hui, Howard, primary, Irwin, Kent D., primary, Kang, Jae Hwan, primary, Karkare, Kirit S., primary, Karpel, Ethan, primary, Kaufman, Jonathan, primary, Keating, Brian, primary, Kefeli, Sinan, primary, Kernasovskiy, Sarah A., primary, Kovac, J. M., primary, Kuo, Chao-lin, primary, Larson, Nicole, primary, Lau, King, primary, Leitch, Erik M., primary, Lueker, Martin, primary, Wiebe, Don, primary, Megerian, Koko. G., primary, Moncelsi, Lorenzo, primary, Namikawa, Toshiya, primary, Netterfield, C. B., primary, Nguyen, H. T., primary, O'brient, Roger, primary, Ogburn IV, R. Walt, primary, Palladino, Steven, primary, Pryke, Clement, primary, Racine, Benjamin, primary, Richter, Steffen, primary, Schillaci, Alessandro, primary, Schwarz, Robert, primary, Sheehy, Chris D., primary, Soliman, Ahmed, primary, St Germaine, Tyler, primary, Staniszewski, Zachary K., primary, Steinbach, Bryan, primary, Sudiwala, Rashmi, primary, Teply, Grant P., primary, Thompson, Keith L., primary, Tolan, James E., primary, Tucker, Carole, primary, Turner, Anthony D., primary, Umiltà, Caterina, primary, Vieregg, Abigail G., primary, Wandui, Albert, primary, Weber, Alexis C., primary, Willmer, Justin, primary, Wong, Chin Lin, primary, Wu, Wai Ling K., primary, Yang, Hung-I, primary, Yoon, Ki Won, primary, and Zhang, Cheng, primary

Published
2018
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40. BICEP Array: a multi-frequency degree-scale CMB polarimeter

Author

Hui, Howard, primary, Ade, P. A. R., primary, Ahmed, Zeeshan, primary, Aikin, Randol, primary, Alexander, Kate D., primary, Barkats, Denis, primary, Benton, Steve J., primary, Bischoff, Colin A., primary, Bock, James J., primary, Bowens-Rubin, Rachel, primary, Brevik, Justus A., primary, Buder, Immanuel, primary, Bullock, Eric, primary, Buza, Victor, primary, Connors, Jake, primary, Cornelison, James, primary, Crill, Brendan, primary, Crumrine, Michael, primary, Dierickx, Marion, primary, Duband, Lionel, primary, Dvorkin, Cora, primary, Filippini, Jeff P., primary, Fliescher, Stefan, primary, Grayson, James A., primary, Hall, Grantland, primary, Halpern, Mark, primary, Harrison, Sam A., primary, Hildebrandt, Sergi, primary, Hilton, Gene C., primary, Irwin, Kent D., primary, Kang, Jae Hwan, primary, Karkare, Kirit S., primary, Karpel, Ethan, primary, Kaufman, Jonathan, primary, Keating, Brian G., primary, Kefeli, Sinan, primary, Kernasovskiy, Sarah A., primary, Kovac, J. M., primary, Kuo, Chao-Lin, primary, Larson, Nicole, primary, Lau, King, primary, Leitch, Erik M., primary, Lueker, Martin, primary, Megerian, K. G., primary, Moncelsi, Lorenzo, primary, Namikawa, Toshiya, primary, Netterfield, C. B., primary, Nguyen, H. T., primary, O'brient, Roger, primary, Ogburn IV, R. Walt, primary, Palladino, Stephen, primary, Pryke, Clement, primary, Racine, Benjamin, primary, Richter, Steffen, primary, Schillaci, Alessandro, primary, Schwarz, Robert, primary, Sheehy, Chris D., primary, Soliman, Ahmed, primary, St Germaine, Tyler, primary, Staniszewski, Zachary K., primary, Steinbach, Bryan, primary, Sudiwala, Rashmi, primary, Teply, Grant P., primary, Thompson, Keith L., primary, Tolan, James E., primary, Tucker, Carole, primary, Turner, Anthony D., primary, Umiltà, Caterina, primary, Vieregg, Abigail G., primary, Wandui, Albert, primary, Weber, Alexis C., primary, Wiebe, Don, primary, Willmert, Justin, primary, Wong, Chin Lin, primary, Wu, Wai Ling K., primary, Yang, Eric, primary, Yoon, Ki Won, primary, and Zheng, Cheng, primary

Published
2018
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43. Observing the Cosmic Microwave Background polarization anisotropy at 40 GHz with QUIET

Author

Bischoff, Colin and Winstein, Bruce

Subjects
observational cosmology, cosmic inflation, polarimeters, cosmic microwave background radiation
Abstract

The Cosmic Microwave Background has proven to be an invaluable tool for cosmology, but much of the scientific information contained in its polarization anisotropy is still to be discovered. Of particular interest is the angular power spectrum of the tiny B-mode polarization signal, the divergence free component which is geometrically distinct from the dominant E-modes. The theory of inflation, which has been proposed to explain several curious features of our universe, predicts the existence of B-mode fluctuations on large angular scales and at a signal level that may be achievable in the near future. The Q/U Imaging Experiment (QUIET) is designed to make sensitive measurements of the CMB polarization using arrays of integrated "detectors on a chip"that can be scaled to reach the sensitivity requirements for detecting B-modes. This thesis covers the design of QUIET, which consists of separate instruments for observation at 40 and 90 GHz. After the discussion of the detectors, which generally applies to both instruments, the remaining sections focus on observations, calibration, and data analysis for the 40 GHz detector. Tests performed on the data indicate some not-yet-identified source of contamination that must be understood and corrected before a reliable result can be obtained.&nbsp

Published
2010
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44. BICEP3 performance overview and planned Keck Array upgrade

Author

Grayson, J. A., Ade, P. A. R., Ahmed, Z., Alexander, Kate Denham, Amiri, M., Barkats, Denis A., Benton, S. J., Bischoff, Colin A., Bock, J. J., Boenish, H., Bowens-Rubin, R, Buder, I, Bullock, E., Buza, Victor, Connors, Jake Anthony, Filippini, J. P., Fliescher, S., Halpern, M., Harrison, Sarah, Hilton, G. C., Hristov, V. V., Hui, H., Irwin, K. D., Kang, J., Karkare, Kirit Sukrit, Karpel, E., Kefeli, S., Kernasovskiy, S. A., Kovac, John M, Kuo, C. L., Leitch, E. M., Lueker, M., Megerian, K. G., Monticue, V., Namikawa, T., Netterfield, C. B., Nguyen, H. T., O, R., Ogburn, R. W., Pryke, C, Reintsema, C. D., Richter, Sonja Valeska, Schwarz, R., Sorenson, C., Sheehy, C. D., Staniszewski, Z. K., Steinbach, B., Teply, G. P., Thompson, K. L., Tolan, J. E., Tucker, C., Turner, A. D., Vieregg, A. G., Wandui, A., Weber, A. C., Wiebe, D. V., Willmert, J., Wu, W. L. K., and Yoon, K. W.

Subjects
Cosmic Microwave Background, Inflation, Gravitational Waves, Polarization, BICEP, Keck Array
Abstract

Bicep3 is a 520 mm aperture, compact two-lens refractor designed to observe the polarization of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) at 95 GHz. Its focal plane consists of modularized tiles of antenna-coupled transition edge sensors (TESs), similar to those used in Bicep2 and the Keck Array. The increased per-receiver optical throughput compared to Bicep2/Keck Array, due to both its faster f /1.7 optics and the larger aperture, more than doubles the combined mapping speed of the Bicep/Keck program. The Bicep3 receiver was recently upgraded to a full complement of 20 tiles of detectors (2560 TESs) and is now beginning its second year of observation (and first science season) at the South Pole. We report on its current performance and observing plans. Given its high per-receiver throughput while maintaining the advantages of a compact design, Bicep3class receivers are ideally suited as building blocks for a 3rd-generation CMB experiment, consisting of multiple receivers spanning 35 GHz to 270 GHz with total detector count in the tens of thousands. We present plans for such an array, the new “Bicep Array” that will replace the Keck Array at the South Pole, including design optimization, frequency coverage, and deployment/observing strategies., Astronomy

Published
2016
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45. BICEP3 focal plane design and detector performance

Author

Hui, H., Ade, P. A. R., Ahmed, Z., Alexander, Kate Denham, Amiri, M., Barkats, Denis A., Benton, S. J., Bischoff, Colin A., Bock, J. J., Boenish, H., Bowens-Rubin, R, Buder, I, Bullock, E., Buza, Victor, Connors, Jake Anthony, Filippini, J. P., Fliescher, S., Grayson, J. A., Halpern, M., Harrison, Sarah, Hilton, G. C., Hristov, V. V., Irwin, K. D., Kang, J., Karkare, Kirit Sukrit, Karpel, E., Kefeli, S., Kernasovskiy, S. A., Kovac, John M, Kuo, C. L., Leitch, E. M., Lueker, M., Megerian, K. G., Monticue, V., Namikawa, T., Netterfield, C. B., Nguyen, H. T., O, R., Ogburn, R. W., Pryke, C, Reintsema, C. D., Richter, Sonja Valeska, Schwarz, R., Sorensen, C., Sheehy, C. D., Staniszewski, Z. K., Steinbach, B., Teply, G. P., Thompson, K. L., Tolan, J. E., Tucker, C., Turner, A. D., Vieregg, A. G., Wandui, A., Weber, A. C., Wiebe, D. V., Willmert, J., Wu, W. L. K., and Yoon, K. W.

Subjects
Cosmic Microwave Background, BICEP, Keck Array, Polarization
Abstract

BICEP3, the latest telescope in the BICEP/Keck program, started science observations in March 2016. It is a 550mm aperture refractive telescope observing the polarization of the cosmic microwave background at 95 GHz. We show the focal plane design and detector performance, including spectral response, optical efficiency and preliminary sensitivity of the upgraded BICEP3. We demonstrate 9.72 µK√s noise performance of the BICEP3 receiver., Astronomy

Published
2016
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46. Optical characterization of the BICEP3 CMB polarimeter at the South Pole

Author

Karkare, Kirit Sukrit, Ade, P. A. R., Ahmed, Z., Alexander, Kate Denham, Amiri, M., Barkats, Denis A., Benton, S. J., Bischoff, Colin A., Bock, J. J., Boenish, H., Bowens-Rubin, R, Buder, I, Bullock, E., Buza, Victor, Connors, Jake Anthony, Filippini, J. P., Fliescher, S. T., Grayson, J. A., Halpern, M., Harrison, Sarah, Hilton, G. C., Hristov, V. V., Hui, H., Irwin, K. D., Kang, J. H., Karpel, E., Kefeli, S., Kernasovskiy, S. A., Kovac, John M, Kuo, C. L., Leitch, E. M., Lueker, M., Megerian, K. G., Monticue, V., Namikawa, T., Netterfield, C. B., Nguyen, H. T., O, R., Ogburn, R. W., Pryke, C, Reintsema, C. D., Richter, Sonja Valeska, St. Germaine, Tyler Tyler, Schwarz, R., Sheehy, C. D., Staniszewski, Z. K., Steinbach, B., Teply, G. P., Thompson, K. L., Tolan, J. E., Tucker, C., Turner, A. D., Vieregg, A. G., Wandui, A., Weber, A., Willmert, J., Wong, C, Wu, W. L. K., and Yoon, K. W.

Subjects
Inflation, Gravitational waves, Cosmic microwave background, Polarization, BICEP
Abstract

Bicep3 is a small-aperture refracting cosmic microwave background (CMB) telescope designed to make sensitive polarization maps in pursuit of a potential B-mode signal from inflationary gravitational waves. It is the latest in the Bicep/Keck Array series of CMB experiments located at the South Pole, which has provided the most stringent constraints on inflation to date. For the 2016 observing season, Bicep3 was outfitted with a full suite of 2400 optically coupled detectors operating at 95 GHz. In these proceedings we report on the far field beam performance using calibration data taken during the 2015-2016 summer deployment season in situ with a thermal chopped source. We generate high-fidelity per-detector beam maps, show the array-averaged beam profile, and characterize the differential beam response between co-located, orthogonally polarized detectors which contributes to the leading instrumental systematic in pair differencing experiments. We find that the levels of differential pointing, beamwidth, and ellipticity are similar to or lower than those measured for Bicep2 and Keck Array. The magnitude and distribution of Bicep3’s differential beam mismatch – and the level to which temperature-to-polarization leakage may be marginalized over or subtracted in analysis – will inform the design of next-generation CMB experiments with many thousands of detectors., Astronomy

Published
2016
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47. Bicep2/keck Array. Vii. Matrix Basede/bseparation Applied to Bicep2 and the Keck Array

Author

Ade, P. A. R., Ahmed, Z., Aikin, R. W., Alexander, Kate Denham, Barkats, Denis A., Benton, S. J., Bischoff, Colin A., Bock, J. J., Bowens-Rubin, Rachel, Brevik, J. A., Buder, I, Bullock, E., Buza, Victor, Connors, Jake Anthony, Crill, B. P., Duband, L., Dvorkin, Cora, Filippini, J. P., Fliescher, S., Grayson, J., Halpern, M., Harrison, Sarah, Hildebrandt, S. R., Hilton, G. C., Hui, H., Irwin, K. D., Kang, J., Karkare, Kirit Sukrit, Karpel, E., Kaufman, J. P., Keating, B. G., Kefeli, S., Kernasovskiy, S. A., Kovac, John M, Kuo, C. L., Leitch, E. M., Lueker, M., Megerian, K. G., Namikawa, T., Netterfield, C. B., Nguyen, H. T., O’Brient, R., IV, R. W. Ogburn, Orlando, A., Pryke, C., Richter, S., Schwarz, R., Sheehy, C. D., Staniszewski, Z. K., Steinbach, B., Sudiwala, R. V., Teply, G. P., Thompson, K. L., Tolan, J. E., Tucker, C., Turner, A. D., Vieregg, A. G., Weber, A. C., Wiebe, D. V., Willmert, J., Wong, C, Wu, W. L. K., and Yoon, K. W.

Subjects
cosmic background radiation, cosmology: observations, gravitational waves, inflation, polarization, pixel, tensor, harmonic, sphere, covariance, BICEP, B-mode, polarization: linear
Abstract

A linear polarization field on the sphere can be uniquely decomposed into an E-mode and a B-mode component. These two components are analytically defined in terms of spin-2 spherical harmonics. Maps that contain filtered modes on a partial sky can also be decomposed into E-mode and B-mode components. However, the lack of full sky information prevents orthogonally separating these components using spherical harmonics. In this paper, we present a technique for decomposing an incomplete map into E and B-mode components using E and B eigenmodes of the pixel covariance in the observed map. This method is found to orthogonally define E and B in the presence of both partial sky coverage and spatial filtering. This method has been applied to the Bicep2 and the Keck Array maps and results in reducing E to B leakage from ΛCDM E-modes to a level corresponding to a tensor-to-scalar ratio of, Astronomy

Published
2016
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48. Improved Constraints on Cosmology and Foregrounds from BICEP2 and Keck Array Cosmic Microwave Background Data with Inclusion of 95 GHz Band

Author

Ade, P. A. R., Ahmed, Z., Aikin, R. W., Alexander, K. D., Barkats, D., Benton, S. J., Bischoff, Colin A., Bock, J. J., Bowens-Rubin, Rachel, Brevik, J. A., Buder, I, Bullock, E., Buza, Victor, Connors, Jake Anthony, Crill, B. P., Duband, L., Dvorkin, Cora, Filippini, J. P., Fliescher, S., Grayson, J., Halpern, M., Harrison, Sarah, Hilton, G. C., Hui, H., Irwin, K. D., Karkare, Kirit Sukrit, Karpel, E., Kaufman, J. P., Keating, B. G., Kefeli, S., Kernasovskiy, S. A., Kovac, John M, Kuo, C. L., Leitch, E. M., Lueker, M., Megerian, K. G., Netterfield, C. B., Nguyen, H. T., O’Brient, R., Ogburn, R. W., Orlando, A., Pryke, Clement L., Richter, Sonja Valeska, Schwarz, R., Sheehy, C. D., Staniszewski, Z. K., Steinbach, B., Sudiwala, R. V., Teply, G. P., Thompson, K. L., Tolan, J. E., Tucker, C., Turner, A. D., Vieregg, A. G., Weber, A. C., Wiebe, D. V., Willmert, J., Wong, C, Wu, W. L. K., and Yoon, K. W.

Abstract

We present results from an analysis of all data taken by the BICEP2 and Keck Array cosmic microwave background (CMB) polarization experiments up to and including the 2014 observing season. This includes the first Keck Array observations at 95 GHz. The maps reach a depth of 50 nK deg in Stokes Q and U in the 150 GHz band and 127 nK deg in the 95 GHz band. We take auto- and cross-spectra between these maps and publicly available maps from WMAP and Planck at frequencies from 23 to 353 GHz. An excess over lensed ΛCDM is detected at modest significance in the 95 × 150 BB spectrum, and is consistent with the dust contribution expected from our previous work. No significant evidence for synchrotron emission is found in spectra such as 23 × 95, or for correlation between the dust and synchrotron sky patterns in spectra such as 23 × 353. We take the likelihood of all the spectra for a multicomponent model including lensed ΛCDM, dust, synchrotron, and a possible contribution from inflationary gravitational waves (as parametrized by the tensor-to-scalar ratio r) using priors on the frequency spectral behaviors of dust and synchrotron emission from previous analyses of WMAP and Planck data in other regions of the sky. This analysis yields an upper limit r0.05 < 0.09 at 95% confidence, which is robust to variations explored in analysis and priors. Combining these B-mode results with the (more model-dependent) constraints from Planck analysis of CMB temperature plus baryon acoustic oscillations and other data yields a combined limit r0.05 < 0.07 at 95% confidence. These are the strongest constraints to date on inflationary gravitational waves., Astronomy, Physics

Published
2016
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49. BICEP2/Keck Array VIII: Measurement of Gravitational Lensing from Large-scale B-Mode Polarization.

Author

Array, The Keck, Ade, BICEP2, Ahmed, Z., Aikin, R., Alexander, Kate Denham, Barkats, Denis A., Benton, S., Bischoff, Colin A., Bock, J., Bowens-Rubin, R, Brevik, J., Buder, I, Bullock, E., Buza, Victor, Connors, Jake Anthony, Crill, B., Duband, L., Dvorkin, Cora, Filippin, J., Fliescher, S., Grayson, J., Halpern, M., Harrison, Sarah, Hildebrandt, S., Hilton, G., Hui, H., Irwin, K., Kang, J., Karkare, Kirit Sukrit, Karpel, E., Kaufman, J., Keating, B., Kefeli, S., Kernasovskiy, S., Kovac, John M, Kuo, C., Leitch, E., Lueker, M., Megerian, K., Namikawa, T., Netterfield, C., Nguyen, H., O'Brient, R., Ogburn, R., Orlando, A., Pryke, C., Richter, Sonja Valeska, Schwarz, R., Sheehy, C., Staniszewski, Z., Steinbach, B., Sudiwala, R., Teply, G., Thompson, K., Tolan, J., Tucker, C., Turner, A., and Vieregg, A.

Subjects
cosmic background radiation, cosmology: observations, gravitational lensing: weak, polarization
Abstract

We present measurements of polarization lensing using the 150 GHz maps, which include all data taken by the BICEP2 and Keck Array Cosmic Microwave Background polarization experiments up to and including the 2014 observing season (BK14). Despite their modest angular resolution ($\sim 0\buildrel{\circ}\over{.} 5$), the excellent sensitivity (~3μK-arcmin) of these maps makes it possible to directly reconstruct the lensing potential using only information at larger angular scales (${\ell }\leqslant 700$). From the auto-spectrum of the reconstructed potential, we measure an amplitude of the spectrum to be ${A}_{{\rm{L}}}^{\phi \phi }=1.15\pm 0.36$ (Planck ΛCDM prediction corresponds to ${A}_{{\rm{L}}}^{\phi \phi }=1$) and reject the no-lensing hypothesis at $5.8\sigma $, which is the highest significance achieved to date using an EB lensing estimator. Taking the cross-spectrum of the reconstructed potential with the Planck 2015 lensing map yields ${A}_{{\rm{L}}}^{\phi \phi }=1.13\pm 0.20$. These direct measurements of ${A}_{{\rm{L}}}^{\phi \phi }$ are consistent with the ΛCDM cosmology and with that derived from the previously reported BK14 B-mode auto-spectrum (${A}_{{\rm{L}}}^{\mathrm{BB}}=1.20\pm 0.17$). We perform a series of null tests and consistency checks to show that these results are robust against systematics and are insensitive to analysis choices. These results unambiguously demonstrate that the B modes previously reported by BICEP/Keck at intermediate angular scales ($150\lesssim {\ell }\lesssim 350$) are dominated by gravitational lensing. The good agreement between the lensing amplitudes obtained from the lensing reconstruction and B-mode spectrum starts to place constraints on any alternative cosmological sources of B modes at these angular scales., Astronomy, Physics

Published
2016
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50. A CMB B-mode Search with Three Years of BICEP Observations.

Author

Bischoff, Colin

Abstract

The search for B-mode, or curl-type, polarization in the Cosmic Microwave Background is the most promising technique to constrain or detect primordial gravitational waves predicted by the theory of inflation. The Bicep telescope, which observed from the South Pole for three years from 2006 through 2008, is the first experiment specifically designed to target this signal. We review the observational motivations for inflation, the advantages of B-mode observations as a technique for detecting the gravitational wave background, and the design features of Bicep that optimize it for this search. The final analysis of all three seasons of Bicep data is in progress, representing a 50% increase in integration time compared to the result from Chiang et al. (2010). A preview of the three year result includes E-mode and B-mode maps, as well as the projected constraint on r, the tensor-to-scalar ratio. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Published
2012
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