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1. Brief Report: Autistic Traits Predict Spectral Correlates of Vowel Intelligibility for Female Speakers

Author

Bishop, Jason, Zhou, Chen, Antolovic, Katarina, Grebe, Lauren, Hwang, Kyung Hae, Imaezue, Gerald, Kistanova, Ekaterina, Lee, Kyung Eun, Paulino, Katherine, and Zhang, Sichen

Abstract

A growing body of research finds that neurotypical autistic traits are predictive of speech perception and language comprehension patterns, but considerably less is known about the influence of these traits on speech production. In this brief report, we present an analysis of vowel productions from 74 American English speakers who participated in a communicative speaking task. Results show higher autistic trait load to be broadly and inversely related to spectral correlates of vowel intelligibility. However, the statistical significance of this relationship is specific to autistic traits along the pragmatic communication dimension, and limited to female speakers.

Published
2022
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5. Physical Activity in Young Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder: Parental Perceptions of Barriers and Facilitators

Author

Nichols, Chad, Block, Martin E., Bishop, Jason C., and McIntire, Brandon

Abstract

The importance of physical activity in persons with disabilities is well known, yet the prevalence of inactivity remains high. The physical activity behaviors among adults on the autism spectrum are largely unexplored. It is presumed that sedentary behavior and obesity are a greater health issue among young adults on the autism spectrum who no longer receive Individuals with Disabilities Education Act services and supports such as school-based physical education. Using a phenomenology approach, the parents of eight young adults on the autism spectrum were interviewed about their perceptions of the barriers and facilitators to getting their young adults on the autism spectrum physically active. The purpose of this study was to investigate parent's perspective of physical activity barriers and facilitators of their adult children on the autism spectrum. Common themes of both physical activity barriers and facilitators included parents, behaviors associated with autism spectrum disorder, and access and opportunities.

Published
2019
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7. Learning Strategies Used while Developing Motor Skill Assessment Competency

Author

Kelly, Luke E. and Bishop, Jason

Abstract

This study investigated the effectiveness of a web-based assessment training program and whether explicitly guiding the participants toward the recommended learning sequence would improve their performance on assessing the underhand roll compared to participants that were given free choice of their learning sequence. Participants were 48 volunteer pre-service undergraduate kinesiology majors from two universities that were randomly assigned to two treatment groups. The data collected on the participants included pre and post assessment scores, as well as program usage data: the frequency and time spent using each of the training program options. Results revealed a non-significant treatment effect was found between the two treatment groups, but significant overall pre to post performance gain of 24.4 percent (ES = 0.772). Program usage data revealed that participants with higher competency scores significantly used the guided practice option more frequently and for more time and overall used the program for more time than participants with lower competency scores. (Contains 2 figures and 2 tables.)

Published
2013

8. An Affinity-Based Approach to Physical Activity in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

Author

Block, Martin E., Nichols, Chad, and Bishop, Jason

Subjects
Exercise, Career development, Physical fitness, Autism, Education, Health, Social sciences, Sports and fitness
Abstract

Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) present unique characteristics that include a strong interest in objects or things. This strong interest is often viewed negatively as something that needs to be controlled or even targeted for elimination. In contrast, an affinity-based approach views these strong interests in a positive light--viewed as affinities, aptitudes, unique skills--that should not only be allowed but also encouraged. More importantly, the affinity-based approach employs the child's affinities to communicate and understand the child and to expand the child's repertoire of skills. This paper presents the affinity-based approach with application to promoting physical activity. Specific examples are presented that include using affinities to help children with ASD learn new skills such as using weight machines and cardio machines, practice and become more independent with an exercise routine, and ultimately enjoy and become a habitual exerciser. Keywords: Autism spectrum disorder, physical activity, affinity, Jayden Johnson (known as JJ to teachers and peers) is a 15-year-old sophomore at Guion S. Bluford High School outside of Philadelphia. JJ is like many boys his age, spending [...]

Published
2020

9. Implementing Service-Learning in Undergraduate Adapted Physical Education

Author

Bishop, Jason and Driver, Simon

Abstract

Service-learning (SL) integrates academic learning with relevant community service in an educational setting. Many fields of study, including kinesiology, have incorporated SL into their course curriculums. Research indicates that SL has many benefits to students, including exposure to a different learning approach, opportunities to apply classroom knowledge in a practical setting, career exploration, and a deeper understanding of the curriculum. The purpose of this article is to provide specific guidelines for the instructor about how to implement SL in an undergraduate adapted physical education class. These guidelines include (1) determining the learning objectives and goals of the SL component, (2) contacting the SL center at the university, (3) contacting agencies, (4) creating student paperwork for the SL assignment, and (5) incorporating SL into the syllabus. (Contains 2 figures.)

Published
2007

13. Physical Activity for Young Adults with ASD: Barriers and Solutions for Caregivers

Author

Nichols, Chad, Block, Martin E., Bishop, Jason C., and Mclntire, Brandon

Subjects
Young adults -- Physiological aspects -- Psychological aspects, Pervasive developmental disorders -- Diagnosis, Exercise -- Health aspects, Caregivers, Obesity, Retirement benefits, Autism, Youth, Education, Health, Social sciences, Sports and fitness
Abstract

Young adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) face many challenges when it comes to being physically active. These challenges may prevent individuals with ASD from the benefits that a lifetime of physical activity can provide. This article identifies five barriers that can prevent young adults with ASD from being physically active (i.e., deficits in motor skills, sedentary behavior and obesity, social and behavior deficits associated with ASD, parental concerns, and lack of appropriate programs). Each barrier is followed by strategies and solutions to help caregivers and parents overcome those barriers and help their young adults with ASD be physically active. Keywords: Autism spectrum disorder, barriers to activity, motor skills, physical activity, Many individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) do not participate in regular physical activity, which can lead to many health problems now and in the future, including increased health risks [...]

Published
2019

14. WPP, No.111: Focus, prosody, and individual differences in “autistic” traits: Evidence from cross-modal semantic priming

Author

Bishop, Jason

Subjects
focus projection, prosodic prominence, individual differences, autism spectrum
Abstract

The present study explored listeners’ expectations about how prosodic prominence can be used to disambiguate information structure in English. In particular, the contribution of prenuclear accents to the prosodic disambiguation of the size of the focus constituent (broad VP vs. narrow object focus) in SVO constructions was tested using the cross-modal priming paradigm. In two experiments, listeners were presented with visual targets (e.g., “brunette”) following contrastively related primes (e.g., “blonde”), which were heard as objects in SVO sentences (e.g., “He kissed a blonde.”). In Experiment 1, listeners heard the sentences produced with a single pitch accent on the object, and the focus structure varied from broad VP focus to narrow object focus. No significant differences in priming patterns across conditions were found, supporting theories of Focus Projection (e.g., Selkirk 1995, Gussenhoven 1984), which predict prenuclear accents to be optional. In Experiment 2, the information structure of the sentences was held constant as narrow object focus, and their prosody varied with respect to the presence of a prenuclear pitch accent on the verb. For these narrow focus sentences, it was found that priming occurred only when the sentence lacked a prenuclear accent, suggesting that prenuclear pitch accents contribute meaningfully to the information structural contrast. Sensitivity to the prosodic manipulation, however, was found to be modulated by individual differences in listeners’ “autistic” traits. The implications for on-line lexical processing and theories of themapping between prosody and information structureare discussed.

Published
2012

15. WPP, No.111: Syllabification, Sonority, and Spoken Word Segmentation: Evidence from Word-Spotting

Author

Bishop, Jason and Toda, Kristen

Subjects
lexical segmentation, spoken word recognition, speech perception, Possible Word Constraint
Abstract

Since Cutler and Norris (1986), it has been held that the role of the syllable in on-line word segmentation is fundamentally language specific; syllabification-based strategies are said to be available in syllable-timed languages, but unavailable in languages that are stressed-timed. The present study used word-spotting and found listeners in English (a prototypically stress-timed language) to be highly sensitive to sonority patterns. In particular, it was found that listeners more readily parsed sonorant consonants as codas, making vowel-initial target words like “absent” easier to spot in nonsense strings like “jeemabsent” compared to “jeebabsent”. This pattern mirrors both English-speaking listeners’ off-line syllabification preferences, and also the on-line behavior of listeners of syllable-timed languages (e.g., French), suggesting the syllable-based segmentation routine is not language specific.

Published
2012

16. WPP, No. 108: Information Structural Expectations in the Perception of Prosodic Prominence

Author

Bishop, Jason

Subjects
Phonetics and Phonology, Psycholinguistics and Neurolinguistics, Semantics and Pragmatics, prosodic prominence, information structure, perception of focus
Abstract

A number of previous investigations using context matching (e.g., Gussenhoven 1983) and appropriateness rating tasks (Birch and Clifton 1995, Welby 2003) suggest that English-speaking listeners lack expectations regarding how the size of a focused constituent (broad versus narrow) can be expressed prosodically in certain constructions. In the present study English-speaking listeners were presented with the same SVO sentence (e.g., I bought a motorcycle) presented in either broad or narrow question contexts, and were asked to rate the prominence of the words in those sentences. In general, listeners reported sentence-final objects to be relatively more prominent than preceding verbs in the test sentences when those sentences were presented in narrow-object (What did you buy?) rather than broad-VP (What did you do?) or sentence (What happened?) focus contexts. This effect was found to be stronger in Experiment 2, where the answer was a correction. The findings suggest listeners do have expectations about the relationship between the size of a sentence’s focus constituent and its prosodic realization. It is argued that these expectations are well founded given the listeners’ likely experience with productions of this particular information structural contrast.

Published
2010

17. WPP, No. 108: Perception of pitch location within a speaker’s own range: fundamental frequency, voice quality and speaker sex

Author

Bishop, Jason and Keating, Patricia

Subjects
Phonetics and Phonology, voice quality, speaker sex, perception of pitch location
Abstract

How are listeners able to identify whether the pitch of a brief isolated sample of an unknown voice is high or low in the overall pitch range of that speaker? Does the speaker’s voice quality convey crucial information about pitch level? Results and statistical models of two experiments that provide answers to these questions are presented. First, listeners rated the pitch levels of samples taken over the full pitch ranges of male and female speakers. The absolute f0 of the samples was by far the most important determinant of listeners’ ratings, but with some effect of the sex of the speaker. Acoustic measures of voice quality had only a very small effect on these ratings. This result suggests that listeners have expectations about f0s for average speakers of each sex, and judge voice samples against such expectations. Second, listeners judged speaker sex for the same speech samples. Again, absolute f0 was the most determinant of listeners’ judgments, but now voice quality measures also played a role. Thus it seems that pitch level judgments depend on voice quality only indirectly, through its information about sex. Absolute f0 is the most important information for deciding both pitch level and speaker sex.

Published
2010

18. Motor Domain Positive Illusory Bias and Sources of Competence of Children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Author

Bishop, Jason, Kelly, Luke E., and Hull, Michael

Subjects
Illusory correlation -- Analysis, Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder -- Diagnosis -- Analysis, Child health -- Analysis, Patient compliance -- Analysis, Motor learning -- Analysis, Education, Health, Social sciences, Sports and fitness, American Psychiatric Association
Abstract

Background: Children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) often overestimate their competence when completing tasks resulting in delays in learning new content. The positive illusory bias (PIB) among children with ADHD has been found in human performance domains but has not been assessed in the motor domain. Children formulate their perceptions of competence from a variety of sources of competence information (SCI). Aims: The purpose of this article was to test for the presence of motor domain PIB and sources of competence information between a sample of children with and without ADHD. Methods and procedures: The PSPPCCMMR, TGMD-2, and PCIS were administered. Outcomes and results: Significant group differences in actual locomotor (t(1, 78) = 23.47, p < .01, d = .56), actual object control (t(1, 78) = 15.82, p < .01, d = .57), and perceived locomotor skills (t( 1, 78) = 5.4, p = .03, d = .44) were observed, indicating PIB. The ADHD group also reported higher SCI (t(78) = 2.91, p = .01, ES = .65). Conclusions and implications: Results indicated evidence of motor domain PIB in children with ADHD. The ADHD group did not utilize self-referenced criteria as much as the control group. Keywords: attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, motor learning, motor performance, perceptions, Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is the most common diagnosed neurobehavioral disorder in children in the United States affecting up to 15% of school age children (American Psychiatric Association [APA], 2013; United [...]

Published
2018

20. Physical Educators' Perceptions of Their Use of NASPE Standards

Author

Baghurst, Timothy, Langley, Jennifer, and Bishop, Jason C.

Abstract

The rate of childhood obesity in the United States is approximately 17%. Because physical education can be a key intervention strategy against this epidemic, this study was conducted to determine physical educators' perceptions on their use of recommended national standards specifically focused on physical fitness and activity in their classroom. An online survey was distributed to 101 physical education teachers from nine states in which participants were asked to provide their opinion of several Likert-based questions that ascertained use of National Association for Sport and Physical Education (NASPE) Standards 1, 3, and 4. Teachers were found to incorporate the components of these standards at varying rates. More experienced physical education teachers spent less instructional time on movement fundamentals and combining skills than did less experienced teachers. Furthermore, they assessed student enjoyment significantly less in higher grades than in lower grades. Physical educators teaching higher grade levels as well as those with more contact time with students spent less instructional time teaching movement fundamentals, balancing skills, carrying and lifting techniques, and motor skills. Over 40% of participants had 2 or less hours of contact time per week. Thus, how effective a physical educator can be with limited time is uncertain, and although physical educators have a unique opportunity to address childhood obesity challenges, they must be provided the time and opportunity to do so.

Published
2015
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22. Remote Video Supervision in Adapted Physical Education

Author

Kelly, Luke and Bishop, Jason

Abstract

Supervision for beginning adapted physical education (APE) teachers and inservice general physical education teachers who are learning to work with students with disabilities poses a number of challenges. The purpose of this article is to describe a project aimed at developing a remote video system that could be used by a university supervisor to reduce travel time and costs while increasing both the timing and the quality of the feedback provided to teachers. More specifically, this article demonstrates two ways in which a remote video camera, worn by a teacher, can be used to provide feedback and improve the pedagogical skills of APE teachers. (Contains 4 figures.)

Published
2013
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23. Prenuclear Accentuation in English: Phonetics, Phonology, Information Structure

Author

Bishop, Jason Brandon

Abstract

A primary function of prosody in many languages is to convey information structure--the "packaging" of a sentence's content into categories such as "focus", "given" and "topic". In English and other West Germanic languages it is widely assumed that focus is signaled prosodically by the location of a nuclear pitch accent. As a result, prenuclear, or "secondary" accents are standardly regarded as optional, phonological objects that are unrelated to the information structural representation. This dissertation investigates, from the perspective of the listener, how valid this claim about prenuclear accents is. As a case study, I consider a putative prosodic ambiguity: the size of the focus constituent in English SVO constructions (i.e., "broad focus" on a VP versus "narrow focus" on an object). My approach to this issue is essentially a three-pronged one, considering the production, perception and processing of prenuclear accents in relation to this contrast. Recent phonetic evidence from production studies is the starting point for a set of perception experiments (Chapter 2) and a pair of cross-modal priming experiments (Chapter 3). Both sets of experiments provide evidence that listeners have expectations about focus-prenuclear accent correspondences that mirror patterns reported in speakers' productions, suggesting that the broad versus narrow focus contrast is not a genuine prosodic ambiguity. An additional matter that is investigated is the extent to which individual differences in "cognitive processing styles" (autistic traits and verbal working memory) contribute to variation among listeners. To account for the experimental findings, I argue that the prosodic realization of the size of the focus constituent in English SVOs represents conventionalized, phonological behavior. The variation, it is shown, can be captured by an Autosegmental Metrical model of prosodic structure that includes syntagmatic relations of tonal prominence along the lines proposed by Ladd (1990). This level of "tonal metrical structure" represents linguistically-specified pitch range, and it is demonstrated that such structure is independently needed to account for the prosodic realization of several other information structural contrasts. [The dissertation citations contained here are published with the permission of ProQuest LLC. Further reproduction is prohibited without permission. Copies of dissertations may be obtained by Telephone (800) 1-800-521-0600. Web page: http://www.proquest.com/en-US/products/dissertations/individuals.shtml.]

Published
2013

24. Positive Illusory Bias in Children with ADHD in Physical Education

Author

Bishop, Jason C. and Block, Martin E.

Abstract

Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder is a common developmental disorder that can cause a motor-skill delay in children. Positive illusory bias (PIB)--the belief that one is better at performing a task or a skill than one actually is--may be one cause of this delay. Although nearly everyone experiences a mild and healthy PIB, students with ADHD experience an exaggerated and unhealthy PIB that impedes their ability to learn motor skills. This article presents five strategies to help students with an without ADHD in physical education who have an exaggerated PIB. These strategies include giving positive feedback during and after skill demonstrations, providing direct instruction and feedback, offering knowledge of results tasks sheets, designing activities that offer immediate feedback, and providing incentives for good performance. (Contains 1 table.)

Published
2012

25. Physical educators' perceptions of their use of NASPE standards

Author

Baghurst, Timothy, Langley, Jennifer, and Bishop, Jason C.

Subjects
Childhood obesity -- Psychological aspects -- Educational aspects, Educational standards -- Psychological aspects, Physical education teachers -- Beliefs, opinions and attitudes, Education, Sports and fitness
Abstract

The rate of childhood obesity in the United States is approximately 17%. Because physical education can be a key intervention strategy against this epidemic, this study was conducted to determine physical educators 'perceptions on their use of recommended national standards specifically focused on physical fitness and activity in their classroom. An online survey was distributed to 101 physical education teachers from nine states in which participants were asked to provide their opinion of several Likert-based questions that ascertained use of National Association for Sport and Physical Education (NASPE) Standards 1, 3, and 4. Teachers were found to incorporate the components of these standards at varying rates. More experienced physical education teachers spent less instructional time on movement fundamentals and combining skills than did less experienced teachers. Furthermore, they assessed student enjoyment significantly less in higher grades than in lower grades. Physical educators teaching higher grade levels as well as those with more contact time with students spent less instructional time teaching movement fundamentals, balancing skills, carrying and lifting techniques, and motor skills. Over 40% of participants had 2 or less hours of contact time per week. Thus, how effective a physical educator can be with limited time is uncertain, and al though physical educators have a unique opportunity to address childhood obesity challenges, they must be provided the time and opportunity to do so., Childhood obesity has been rising steadily since the mid-20th century (National Center for Health Statistics [NCHS], 2010). Concurrent with this rise is an increase in diseases associated with obesity in [...]

Published
2015

29. Recurrent emergence of SARS-CoV-2 spike deletion H69/V70 and its role in the Alpha variant B.1.1.7

Author

Meng, Bo, primary, Kemp, Steven A., additional, Papa, Guido, additional, Datir, Rawlings, additional, Ferreira, Isabella A.T.M., additional, Marelli, Sara, additional, Harvey, William T., additional, Lytras, Spyros, additional, Mohamed, Ahmed, additional, Gallo, Giulia, additional, Thakur, Nazia, additional, Collier, Dami A., additional, Mlcochova, Petra, additional, Duncan, Lidia M., additional, Carabelli, Alessandro M., additional, Kenyon, Julia C., additional, Lever, Andrew M., additional, De Marco, Anna, additional, Saliba, Christian, additional, Culap, Katja, additional, Cameroni, Elisabetta, additional, Matheson, Nicholas J., additional, Piccoli, Luca, additional, Corti, Davide, additional, James, Leo C., additional, Robertson, David L., additional, Bailey, Dalan, additional, Gupta, Ravindra K., additional, Robson, Samuel C., additional, Loman, Nicholas J., additional, Connor, Thomas R., additional, Golubchik, Tanya, additional, Martinez Nunez, Rocio T., additional, Ludden, Catherine, additional, Corden, Sally, additional, Johnston, Ian, additional, Bonsall, David, additional, Smith, Colin P., additional, Awan, Ali R., additional, Bucca, Giselda, additional, Torok, M. Estee, additional, Saeed, Kordo, additional, Prieto, Jacqui A., additional, Jackson, David K., additional, Hamilton, William L., additional, Snell, Luke B., additional, Moore, Catherine, additional, Harrison, Ewan M., additional, Goncalves, Sonia, additional, Fairley, Derek J., additional, Loose, Matthew W., additional, Watkins, Joanne, additional, Livett, Rich, additional, Moses, Samuel, additional, Amato, Roberto, additional, Nicholls, Sam, additional, Bull, Matthew, additional, Smith, Darren L., additional, Barrett, Jeff, additional, Aanensen, David M., additional, Curran, Martin D., additional, Parmar, Surendra, additional, Aggarwal, Dinesh, additional, Shepherd, James G., additional, Parker, Matthew D., additional, Glaysher, Sharon, additional, Bashton, Matthew, additional, Underwood, Anthony P., additional, Pacchiarini, Nicole, additional, Loveson, Katie F., additional, Templeton, Kate E., additional, Langford, Cordelia F., additional, Sillitoe, John, additional, de Silva, Thushan I., additional, Wang, Dennis, additional, Kwiatkowski, Dominic, additional, Rambaut, Andrew, additional, O’Grady, Justin, additional, Cottrell, Simon, additional, Holden, Matthew T.G., additional, Thomson, Emma C., additional, Osman, Husam, additional, Andersson, Monique, additional, Chauhan, Anoop J., additional, Hassan-Ibrahim, Mohammed O., additional, Lawniczak, Mara, additional, Alderton, Alex, additional, Chand, Meera, additional, Constantinidou, Chrystala, additional, Unnikrishnan, Meera, additional, Darby, Alistair C., additional, Hiscox, Julian A., additional, Paterson, Steve, additional, Martincorena, Inigo, additional, Volz, Erik M., additional, Page, Andrew J., additional, Pybus, Oliver G., additional, Bassett, Andrew R., additional, Ariani, Cristina V., additional, Chapman, Michael H. Spencer, additional, Li, Kathy K., additional, Shah, Rajiv N., additional, Jesudason, Natasha G., additional, Taha, Yusri, additional, McHugh, Martin P., additional, Dewar, Rebecca, additional, Jahun, Aminu S., additional, McMurray, Claire, additional, Pandey, Sarojini, additional, McKenna, James P., additional, Nelson, Andrew, additional, Young, Gregory R., additional, McCann, Clare M., additional, Elliott, Scott, additional, Lowe, Hannah, additional, Temperton, Ben, additional, Roy, Sunando, additional, Price, Anna, additional, Rey, Sara, additional, Wyles, Matthew, additional, Rooke, Stefan, additional, Shaaban, Sharif, additional, de Cesare, Mariateresa, additional, Letchford, Laura, additional, Silveira, Siona, additional, Pelosi, Emanuela, additional, Wilson-Davies, Eleri, additional, Hosmillo, Myra, additional, O’Toole, Áine, additional, Hesketh, Andrew R., additional, Stark, Richard, additional, du Plessis, Louis, additional, Ruis, Chris, additional, Adams, Helen, additional, Bourgeois, Yann, additional, Michell, Stephen L., additional, Grammatopoulos, Dimitris, additional, Edgeworth, Jonathan, additional, Breuer, Judith, additional, Todd, John A., additional, Fraser, Christophe, additional, Buck, David, additional, John, Michaela, additional, Kay, Gemma L., additional, Palmer, Steve, additional, Peacock, Sharon J., additional, Heyburn, David, additional, Weldon, Danni, additional, Robinson, Esther, additional, McNally, Alan, additional, Muir, Peter, additional, Vipond, Ian B., additional, Boyes, John, additional, Sivaprakasam, Venkat, additional, Salluja, Tranprit, additional, Dervisevic, Samir, additional, Meader, Emma J., additional, Park, Naomi R., additional, Oliver, Karen, additional, Jeffries, Aaron R., additional, Ott, Sascha, additional, da Silva Filipe, Ana, additional, Simpson, David A., additional, Williams, Chris, additional, Masoli, Jane A.H., additional, Knight, Bridget A., additional, Jones, Christopher R., additional, Koshy, Cherian, additional, Ash, Amy, additional, Casey, Anna, additional, Bosworth, Andrew, additional, Ratcliffe, Liz, additional, Xu-McCrae, Li, additional, Pymont, Hannah M., additional, Hutchings, Stephanie, additional, Berry, Lisa, additional, Jones, Katie, additional, Halstead, Fenella, additional, Davis, Thomas, additional, Holmes, Christopher, additional, Iturriza-Gomara, Miren, additional, Lucaci, Anita O., additional, Randell, Paul Anthony, additional, Cox, Alison, additional, Madona, Pinglawathee, additional, Harris, Kathryn Ann, additional, Brown, Julianne Rose, additional, Mahungu, Tabitha W., additional, Irish-Tavares, Dianne, additional, Haque, Tanzina, additional, Hart, Jennifer, additional, Witele, Eric, additional, Fenton, Melisa Louise, additional, Liggett, Steven, additional, Graham, Clive, additional, Swindells, Emma, additional, Collins, Jennifer, additional, Eltringham, Gary, additional, Campbell, Sharon, additional, McClure, Patrick C., additional, Clark, Gemma, additional, Sloan, Tim J., additional, Jones, Carl, additional, Lynch, Jessica, additional, Warne, Ben, additional, Leonard, Steven, additional, Durham, Jillian, additional, Williams, Thomas, additional, Haldenby, Sam T., additional, Storey, Nathaniel, additional, Alikhan, Nabil-Fareed, additional, Holmes, Nadine, additional, Moore, Christopher, additional, Carlile, Matthew, additional, Perry, Malorie, additional, Craine, Noel, additional, Lyons, Ronan A., additional, Beckett, Angela H., additional, Goudarzi, Salman, additional, Fearn, Christopher, additional, Cook, Kate, additional, Dent, Hannah, additional, Paul, Hannah, additional, Davies, Robert, additional, Blane, Beth, additional, Girgis, Sophia T., additional, Beale, Mathew A., additional, Bellis, Katherine L., additional, Dorman, Matthew J., additional, Drury, Eleanor, additional, Kane, Leanne, additional, Kay, Sally, additional, McGuigan, Samantha, additional, Nelson, Rachel, additional, Prestwood, Liam, additional, Rajatileka, Shavanthi, additional, Batra, Rahul, additional, Williams, Rachel J., additional, Kristiansen, Mark, additional, Green, Angie, additional, Justice, Anita, additional, Mahanama, Adhyana I.K., additional, Samaraweera, Buddhini, additional, Hadjirin, Nazreen F., additional, Quick, Joshua, additional, Poplawski, Radoslaw, additional, Kermack, Leanne M., additional, Reynolds, Nicola, additional, Hall, Grant, additional, Chaudhry, Yasmin, additional, Pinckert, Malte L., additional, Georgana, Iliana, additional, Moll, Robin J., additional, Thornton, Alicia, additional, Myers, Richard, additional, Stockton, Joanne, additional, Williams, Charlotte A., additional, Yew, Wen C., additional, Trotter, Alexander J., additional, Trebes, Amy, additional, MacIntyre-Cockett, George, additional, Birchley, Alec, additional, Adams, Alexander, additional, Plimmer, Amy, additional, Gatica-Wilcox, Bree, additional, McKerr, Caoimhe, additional, Hilvers, Ember, additional, Jones, Hannah, additional, Asad, Hibo, additional, Coombes, Jason, additional, Evans, Johnathan M., additional, Fina, Laia, additional, Gilbert, Lauren, additional, Graham, Lee, additional, Cronin, Michelle, additional, Kumziene-Summerhayes, Sara, additional, Taylor, Sarah, additional, Jones, Sophie, additional, Groves, Danielle C., additional, Zhang, Peijun, additional, Gallis, Marta, additional, Louka, Stavroula F., additional, Starinskij, Igor, additional, Jackson, Chris, additional, Gourtovaia, Marina, additional, Tonkin-Hill, Gerry, additional, Lewis, Kevin, additional, Tovar-Corona, Jaime M., additional, James, Keith, additional, Baxter, Laura, additional, Alam, Mohammad T., additional, Orton, Richard J., additional, Hughes, Joseph, additional, Vattipally, Sreenu, additional, Ragonnet-Cronin, Manon, additional, Nascimento, Fabricia F., additional, Jorgensen, David, additional, Boyd, Olivia, additional, Geidelberg, Lily, additional, Zarebski, Alex E., additional, Raghwani, Jayna, additional, Kraemer, Moritz U.G., additional, Southgate, Joel, additional, Lindsey, Benjamin B., additional, Freeman, Timothy M., additional, Keatley, Jon-Paul, additional, Singer, Joshua B., additional, de Oliveira Martins, Leonardo, additional, Yeats, Corin A., additional, Abudahab, Khalil, additional, Taylor, Ben E.W., additional, Menegazzo, Mirko, additional, Danesh, John, additional, Hogsden, Wendy, additional, Eldirdiri, Sahar, additional, Kenyon, Anita, additional, Mason, Jenifer, additional, Robinson, Trevor I., additional, Holmes, Alison, additional, Price, James, additional, Hartley, John A., additional, Curran, Tanya, additional, Mather, Alison E., additional, Shankar, Giri, additional, Jones, Rachel, additional, Howe, Robin, additional, Morgan, Sian, additional, Wastenge, Elizabeth, additional, Chapman, Michael R., additional, Mookerjee, Siddharth, additional, Stanley, Rachael, additional, Smith, Wendy, additional, Peto, Timothy, additional, Eyre, David, additional, Crook, Derrick, additional, Vernet, Gabrielle, additional, Kitchen, Christine, additional, Gulliver, Huw, additional, Merrick, Ian, additional, Guest, Martyn, additional, Munn, Robert, additional, Bradley, Declan T., additional, Wyatt, Tim, additional, Beaver, Charlotte, additional, Foulser, Luke, additional, Palmer, Sophie, additional, Churcher, Carol M., additional, Brooks, Ellena, additional, Smith, Kim S., additional, Galai, Katerina, additional, McManus, Georgina M., additional, Bolt, Frances, additional, Coll, Francesc, additional, Meadows, Lizzie, additional, Attwood, Stephen W., additional, Davies, Alisha, additional, De Lacy, Elen, additional, Downing, Fatima, additional, Edwards, Sue, additional, Scarlett, Garry P., additional, Jeremiah, Sarah, additional, Smith, Nikki, additional, Leek, Danielle, additional, Sridhar, Sushmita, additional, Forrest, Sally, additional, Cormie, Claire, additional, Gill, Harmeet K., additional, Dias, Joana, additional, Higginson, Ellen E., additional, Maes, Mailis, additional, Young, Jamie, additional, Wantoch, Michelle, additional, Jamrozy, Dorota, additional, Lo, Stephanie, additional, Patel, Minal, additional, Hill, Verity, additional, Bewshea, Claire M., additional, Ellard, Sian, additional, Auckland, Cressida, additional, Harrison, Ian, additional, Bishop, Chloe, additional, Chalker, Vicki, additional, Richter, Alex, additional, Beggs, Andrew, additional, Best, Angus, additional, Percival, Benita, additional, Mirza, Jeremy, additional, Megram, Oliver, additional, Mayhew, Megan, additional, Crawford, Liam, additional, Ashcroft, Fiona, additional, Moles-Garcia, Emma, additional, Cumley, Nicola, additional, Hopes, Richard, additional, Asamaphan, Patawee, additional, Niebel, Marc O., additional, Gunson, Rory N., additional, Bradley, Amanda, additional, Maclean, Alasdair, additional, Mollett, Guy, additional, Blacow, Rachel, additional, Bird, Paul, additional, Helmer, Thomas, additional, Fallon, Karlie, additional, Tang, Julian, additional, Hale, Antony D., additional, Macfarlane-Smith, Louissa R., additional, Harper, Katherine L., additional, Carden, Holli, additional, Machin, Nicholas W., additional, Jackson, Kathryn A., additional, Ahmad, Shazaad S.Y., additional, George, Ryan P., additional, Turtle, Lance, additional, O’Toole, Elaine, additional, Watts, Joanne, additional, Breen, Cassie, additional, Cowell, Angela, additional, Alcolea-Medina, Adela, additional, Charalampous, Themoula, additional, Patel, Amita, additional, Levett, Lisa J., additional, Heaney, Judith, additional, Rowan, Aileen, additional, Taylor, Graham P., additional, Shah, Divya, additional, Atkinson, Laura, additional, Lee, Jack C.D., additional, Westhorpe, Adam P., additional, Jannoo, Riaz, additional, Lowe, Helen L., additional, Karamani, Angeliki, additional, Ensell, Leah, additional, Chatterton, Wendy, additional, Pusok, Monika, additional, Dadrah, Ashok, additional, Symmonds, Amanda, additional, Sluga, Graciela, additional, Molnar, Zoltan, additional, Baker, Paul, additional, Bonner, Stephen, additional, Essex, Sarah, additional, Barton, Edward, additional, Padgett, Debra, additional, Scott, Garren, additional, Greenaway, Jane, additional, Payne, Brendan A.I., additional, Burton-Fanning, Shirelle, additional, Waugh, Sheila, additional, Raviprakash, Veena, additional, Sheriff, Nicola, additional, Blakey, Victoria, additional, Williams, Lesley-Anne, additional, Moore, Jonathan, additional, Stonehouse, Susanne, additional, Smith, Louise, additional, Davidson, Rose K., additional, Bedford, Luke, additional, Coupland, Lindsay, additional, Wright, Victoria, additional, Chappell, Joseph G., additional, Tsoleridis, Theocharis, additional, Ball, Jonathan, additional, Khakh, Manjinder, additional, Fleming, Vicki M., additional, Lister, Michelle M., additional, Howson-Wells, Hannah C., additional, Berry, Louise, additional, Boswell, Tim, additional, Joseph, Amelia, additional, Willingham, Iona, additional, Duckworth, Nichola, additional, Walsh, Sarah, additional, Wise, Emma, additional, Moore, Nathan, additional, Mori, Matilde, additional, Cortes, Nick, additional, Kidd, Stephen, additional, Williams, Rebecca, additional, Gifford, Laura, additional, Bicknell, Kelly, additional, Wyllie, Sarah, additional, Lloyd, Allyson, additional, Impey, Robert, additional, Malone, Cassandra S., additional, Cogger, Benjamin J., additional, Levene, Nick, additional, Monaghan, Lynn, additional, Keeley, Alexander J., additional, Partridge, David G., additional, Raza, Mohammad, additional, Evans, Cariad, additional, Johnson, Kate, additional, Betteridge, Emma, additional, Farr, Ben W., additional, Goodwin, Scott, additional, Quail, Michael A., additional, Scott, Carol, additional, Shirley, Lesley, additional, Thurston, Scott A.J., additional, Rajan, Diana, additional, Bronner, Iraad F., additional, Aigrain, Louise, additional, Redshaw, Nicholas M., additional, Lensing, Stefanie V., additional, McCarthy, Shane, additional, Makunin, Alex, additional, Balcazar, Carlos E., additional, Gallagher, Michael D., additional, Williamson, Kathleen A., additional, Stanton, Thomas D., additional, Michelsen, Michelle L., additional, Warwick-Dugdale, Joanna, additional, Manley, Robin, additional, Farbos, Audrey, additional, Harrison, James W., additional, Sambles, Christine M., additional, Studholme, David J., additional, Lackenby, Angie, additional, Mbisa, Tamyo, additional, Platt, Steven, additional, Miah, Shahjahan, additional, Bibby, David, additional, Manso, Carmen, additional, Hubb, Jonathan, additional, Dabrera, Gavin, additional, Ramsay, Mary, additional, Bradshaw, Daniel, additional, Schaefer, Ulf, additional, Groves, Natalie, additional, Gallagher, Eileen, additional, Lee, David, additional, Williams, David, additional, Ellaby, Nicholas, additional, Hartman, Hassan, additional, Manesis, Nikos, additional, Patel, Vineet, additional, Ledesma, Juan, additional, Twohig, Katherine A., additional, Allara, Elias, additional, Pearson, Clare, additional, Cheng, Jeffrey K.J., additional, Bridgewater, Hannah E., additional, Frost, Lucy R., additional, Taylor-Joyce, Grace, additional, Brown, Paul E., additional, Tong, Lily, additional, Broos, Alice, additional, Mair, Daniel, additional, Nichols, Jenna, additional, Carmichael, Stephen N., additional, Smollett, Katherine L., additional, Nomikou, Kyriaki, additional, Aranday-Cortes, Elihu, additional, Johnson, Natasha, additional, Nickbakhsh, Seema, additional, Vamos, Edith E., additional, Hughes, Margaret, additional, Rainbow, Lucille, additional, Eccles, Richard, additional, Nelson, Charlotte, additional, Whitehead, Mark, additional, Gregory, Richard, additional, Gemmell, Matthew, additional, Wierzbicki, Claudia, additional, Webster, Hermione J., additional, Fisher, Chloe L., additional, Signell, Adrian W., additional, Betancor, Gilberto, additional, Wilson, Harry D., additional, Nebbia, Gaia, additional, Flaviani, Flavia, additional, Cerda, Alberto C., additional, Merrill, Tammy V., additional, Wilson, Rebekah E., additional, Cotic, Marius, additional, Bayzid, Nadua, additional, Thompson, Thomas, additional, Acheson, Erwan, additional, Rushton, Steven, additional, O’Brien, Sarah, additional, Baker, David J., additional, Rudder, Steven, additional, Aydin, Alp, additional, Sang, Fei, additional, Debebe, Johnny, additional, Francois, Sarah, additional, Vasylyeva, Tetyana I., additional, Zamudio, Marina Escalera, additional, Gutierrez, Bernardo, additional, Marchbank, Angela, additional, Maksimovic, Joshua, additional, Spellman, Karla, additional, McCluggage, Kathryn, additional, Morgan, Mari, additional, Beer, Robert, additional, Afifi, Safiah, additional, Workman, Trudy, additional, Fuller, William, additional, Bresner, Catherine, additional, Angyal, Adrienn, additional, Green, Luke R., additional, Parsons, Paul J., additional, Tucker, Rachel M., additional, Brown, Rebecca, additional, Whiteley, Max, additional, Bonfield, James, additional, Puethe, Christoph, additional, Whitwham, Andrew, additional, Liddle, Jennifier, additional, Rowe, Will, additional, Siveroni, Igor, additional, Le-Viet, Thanh, additional, Gaskin, Amy, additional, Johnson, Rob, additional, Abnizova, Irina, additional, Ali, Mozam, additional, Allen, Laura, additional, Anderson, Ralph, additional, Ariani, Cristina, additional, Austin-Guest, Siobhan, additional, Bala, Sendu, additional, Barrett, Jeffrey, additional, Bassett, Andrew, additional, Battleday, Kristina, additional, Beal, James, additional, Beale, Mathew, additional, Bellany, Sam, additional, Bellerby, Tristram, additional, Bellis, Katie, additional, Berger, Duncan, additional, Berriman, Matt, additional, Bevan, Paul, additional, Binley, Simon, additional, Bishop, Jason, additional, Blackburn, Kirsty, additional, Boughton, Nick, additional, Bowker, Sam, additional, Brendler-Spaeth, Timothy, additional, Bronner, Iraad, additional, Brooklyn, Tanya, additional, Buddenborg, Sarah Kay, additional, Bush, Robert, additional, Caetano, Catarina, additional, Cagan, Alex, additional, Carter, Nicola, additional, Cartwright, Joanna, additional, Monteiro, Tiago Carvalho, additional, Chapman, Liz, additional, Chillingworth, Tracey-Jane, additional, Clapham, Peter, additional, Clark, Richard, additional, Clarke, Adrian, additional, Clarke, Catriona, additional, Cole, Daryl, additional, Cook, Elizabeth, additional, Coppola, Maria, additional, Cornell, Linda, additional, Cornwell, Clare, additional, Corton, Craig, additional, Crackett, Abby, additional, Cranage, Alison, additional, Craven, Harriet, additional, Craw, Sarah, additional, Crawford, Mark, additional, Cutts, Tim, additional, Dabrowska, Monika, additional, Davies, Matt, additional, Dawson, Joseph, additional, Day, Callum, additional, Densem, Aiden, additional, Dibling, Thomas, additional, Dockree, Cat, additional, Dodd, David, additional, Dogga, Sunil, additional, Dorman, Matthew, additional, Dougan, Gordon, additional, Dougherty, Martin, additional, Dove, Alexander, additional, Drummond, Lucy, additional, Dudek, Monika, additional, Durrant, Laura, additional, Easthope, Elizabeth, additional, Eckert, Sabine, additional, Ellis, Pete, additional, Farr, Ben, additional, Fenton, Michael, additional, Ferrero, Marcella, additional, Flack, Neil, additional, Fordham, Howerd, additional, Forsythe, Grace, additional, Francis, Matt, additional, Fraser, Audrey, additional, Freeman, Adam, additional, Galvin, Anastasia, additional, Garcia-Casado, Maria, additional, Gedny, Alex, additional, Girgis, Sophia, additional, Glover, James, additional, Gould, Oliver, additional, Gray, Andy, additional, Gray, Emma, additional, Griffiths, Coline, additional, Gu, Yong, additional, Guerin, Florence, additional, Hamilton, Will, additional, Hanks, Hannah, additional, Harrison, Ewan, additional, Harrott, Alexandria, additional, Harry, Edward, additional, Harvison, Julia, additional, Heath, Paul, additional, Hernandez-Koutoucheva, Anastasia, additional, Hobbs, Rhiannon, additional, Holland, Dave, additional, Holmes, Sarah, additional, Hornett, Gary, additional, Hough, Nicholas, additional, Huckle, Liz, additional, Hughes-Hallet, Lena, additional, Hunter, Adam, additional, Inglis, Stephen, additional, Iqbal, Sameena, additional, Jackson, Adam, additional, Jackson, David, additional, Verdejo, Carlos Jimenez, additional, Jones, Matthew, additional, Kallepally, Kalyan, additional, Kay, Keely, additional, Keatley, Jon, additional, Keith, Alan, additional, King, Alison, additional, Kitchin, Lucy, additional, Kleanthous, Matt, additional, Klimekova, Martina, additional, Korlevic, Petra, additional, Krasheninnkova, Ksenia, additional, Lane, Greg, additional, Langford, Cordelia, additional, Laverack, Adam, additional, Law, Katharine, additional, Lensing, Stefanie, additional, Lewis-Wade, Amanah, additional, Liddle, Jennifer, additional, Lin, Quan, additional, Lindsay, Sarah, additional, Linsdell, Sally, additional, Long, Rhona, additional, Lovell, Jamie, additional, Lovell, Jon, additional, Mack, James, additional, Maddison, Mark, additional, Makunin, Aleksei, additional, Mamun, Irfan, additional, Mansfield, Jenny, additional, Marriott, Neil, additional, Martin, Matt, additional, Mayho, Matthew, additional, McClintock, Jo, additional, McHugh, Sandra, additional, MapcMinn, Liz, additional, Meadows, Carl, additional, Mobley, Emily, additional, Moll, Robin, additional, Morra, Maria, additional, Morrow, Leanne, additional, Murie, Kathryn, additional, Nash, Sian, additional, Nathwani, Claire, additional, Naydenova, Plamena, additional, Neaverson, Alexandra, additional, Nerou, Ed, additional, Nicholson, Jon, additional, Nimz, Tabea, additional, Noell, Guillaume G., additional, O’Meara, Sarah, additional, Ohan, Valeriu, additional, Olney, Charles, additional, Ormond, Doug, additional, Oszlanczi, Agnes, additional, Pang, Yoke Fei, additional, Pardubska, Barbora, additional, Park, Naomi, additional, Parmar, Aaron, additional, Patel, Gaurang, additional, Payne, Maggie, additional, Peacock, Sharon, additional, Petersen, Arabella, additional, Plowman, Deborah, additional, Preston, Tom, additional, Quail, Michael, additional, Rance, Richard, additional, Rawlings, Suzannah, additional, Redshaw, Nicholas, additional, Reynolds, Joe, additional, Reynolds, Mark, additional, Rice, Simon, additional, Richardson, Matt, additional, Roberts, Connor, additional, Robinson, Katrina, additional, Robinson, Melanie, additional, Robinson, David, additional, Rogers, Hazel, additional, Rojo, Eduardo Martin, additional, Roopra, Daljit, additional, Rose, Mark, additional, Rudd, Luke, additional, Sadri, Ramin, additional, Salmon, Nicholas, additional, Saul, David, additional, Schwach, Frank, additional, Seekings, Phil, additional, Simms, Alison, additional, Sinnott, Matt, additional, Sivadasan, Shanthi, additional, Siwek, Bart, additional, Sizer, Dale, additional, Skeldon, Kenneth, additional, Skelton, Jason, additional, Slater-Tunstill, Joanna, additional, Sloper, Lisa, additional, Smerdon, Nathalie, additional, Smith, Chris, additional, Smith, Christen, additional, Smith, James, additional, Smith, Katie, additional, Smith, Michelle, additional, Smith, Sean, additional, Smith, Tina, additional, Sneade, Leighton, additional, Soria, Carmen Diaz, additional, Sousa, Catarina, additional, Souster, Emily, additional, Sparkes, Andrew, additional, Spencer-Chapman, Michael, additional, Squares, Janet, additional, Stanley, Robert, additional, Steed, Claire, additional, Stickland, Tim, additional, Still, Ian, additional, Stratton, Mike, additional, Strickland, Michelle, additional, Swann, Allen, additional, Swiatkowska, Agnieszka, additional, Sycamore, Neil, additional, Swift, Emma, additional, Symons, Edward, additional, Szluha, Suzanne, additional, Taluy, Emma, additional, Tao, Nunu, additional, Taylor, Katy, additional, Taylor, Sam, additional, Thompson, Stacey, additional, Thompson, Mark, additional, Thomson, Mark, additional, Thomson, Nicholas, additional, Thurston, Scott, additional, Toombs, Dee, additional, Topping, Benjamin, additional, Tovar-Corona, Jaime, additional, Ungureanu, Daniel, additional, Uphill, James, additional, Urbanova, Jana, additional, Van, Philip Jansen, additional, Vancollie, Valerie, additional, Voak, Paul, additional, Walker, Danielle, additional, Walker, Matthew, additional, Waller, Matt, additional, Ward, Gary, additional, Weatherhogg, Charlie, additional, Webb, Niki, additional, Wells, Alan, additional, Wells, Eloise, additional, Westwood, Luke, additional, Whipp, Theo, additional, Whiteley, Thomas, additional, Whitton, Georgia, additional, Widaa, Sara, additional, Williams, Mia, additional, Wilson, Mark, additional, and Wright, Sean, additional

Published
2021
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31. Prenuclear Accentuation in English: Phonetics, Phonology, and Information Structure

Author

Bishop, Jason Brandon

Subjects
Linguistics, information structure, intonation, priming, prosody
Abstract

A primary function of prosody in many languages is to convey information structure--the "packaging" of a sentence's content into categories such as "focus", "given" and "topic". In English and other West Germanic languages it is widely assumed that focus is signaled prosodically by the location of a nuclear pitch accent. As a result, prenuclear, or "secondary" accents are standardly regarded as optional, phonological objects that are unrelated to the information structural representation. This dissertation investigates, from the perspective of the listener, how valid this claim about prenuclear accents is. As a case study, I consider a putative prosodic ambiguity: the size of the focus constituent in English SVO constructions (i.e., "broad focus" on a VP versus "narrow focus" on an object). My approach to this issue is essentially a three-pronged one, considering the production, perception and processing of prenuclear accents in relation to this contrast. Recent phonetic evidence from production studies is the starting point for a set of perception experiments (Chapter 2) and a pair of cross-modal priming experiments (Chapter 3). Both sets of experiments provide evidence that listeners have expectations about focus-prenuclear accent correspondences that mirror patterns reported in speakers' productions, suggesting that the broad versus narrow focus contrast is not a genuine prosodic ambiguity. An additional matter that is investigated is the extent to which individual differences in "cognitive processing styles" (autistic traits and verbal working memory) contribute to variation among listeners. To account for the experimental findings, I argue that the prosodic realization of the size of the focus constituent in English SVOs represents conventionalized, phonological behavior. The variation, it is shown, can be captured by an Autosegmental Metrical model of prosodic structure that includes syntagmatic relations of tonal prominence along the lines proposed by Ladd (1990). This level of "tonal metrical structure" represents linguistically-specified pitch range, and it is demonstrated that such structure is independently needed to account for the prosodic realization of several other information structural contrasts.

Published
2013

35. The wild world of merchant cash advance: the companies that are offering merchant cash advance as their main line of business have made significant advances in placing parameters on the product that protect both the merchant and the finance company, but the product continues to evolve and is not perfected yet

Author

Bishop, Jason

Subjects
Software, Software quality, Contract agreement, Business
Abstract

Merchant Cash Advance has continued to thrive and has become a dependable source of capital for small and medium-sized business growth and expansion. The companies that are offering Merchant Cash [...]

Published
2012

39. Exploring the Similarity Between Implicit and Explicit Prosody: Prosodic Phrasing and Individual Differences.

Author

Bishop, Jason

Subjects
*SPEECH perception, *LINGUISTICS, *COMPARATIVE grammar, *SHORT-term memory, *PSYCHOLINGUISTICS, *READING, *LITERATURE
Abstract

In recent years, work carried out in the context of the implicit prosody hypothesis (IPH) has called into question the assumption that implicit (i.e., silently generated) prosody and explicit (overtly produced) prosody are similar in form. Focusing on prosodic phrasing, the present study explored this issue using an individual differences approach, and using methods that do not rely on the sentence comprehension tests characteristic of work within the IPH program. A large group of native English speakers participated in a production experiment intended to identify individual differences in average prosodic phrase length, phonologically defined. We then explored whether these (explicit) prosodic differences were related to two other kinds of variation, each with a connection to implicit prosody. First, we tested whether individual differences in explicit prosodic phrase length were predicted by individual differences in working memory capacity, a relationship that has been established for implicit prosody. Second, we explored whether participants' explicit prosodic phrase lengths were predictive of their behavior in a silent-reading task in which they had to identify their own implicit prosodic groupings. In both cases, the findings are argued to be consistent with a similarity between explicit and implicit prosody. First, participants with higher working memory capacity (as estimated by reading spans) were associated with longer prosodic phrases. Second, participants who produced longer explicit prosodic phrases in speech tended to report generating longer prosodic phrases in silent reading. Implications for the nature of implicit prosody, and how it can be studied, are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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40. Supplemental material for A survey of the choice of general anaesthetic agents in Australia and New Zealand

Author

McGain, Forbes, Bishop, Jason R, Elliot-Jones, Laura M, Story, David A, and Imberger, Georgina LL

Subjects
FOS: Clinical medicine, 110305 Emergency Medicine
Abstract

Supplemental Material for A survey of the choice of general anaesthetic agents in Australia and New Zealand by Forbes McGain, Jason R Bishop, Laura M Elliot-Jones, David A Story and Georgina LL Imberger in Anaesthesia and Intensive Care

Published
2019
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41. DEVELOPMENT OF A DIMETHYL SULFOXIDE – FREE CELLULAR PRESERVATION TECHNIQUE FOR HUMAN MESENCHYMAL STEM CELLS

Author

Bishop, Jason

Subjects
dimethyl sulfoxide, lyophilization, cryopreservation, cellular preservation
Abstract

As the use of living human cells as the therapeutic component of modern drugs becomes more prevalent, the need to store and transport those cells is increasing. Currently the most common methods for maintaining these living cells for extend periods of time, months or years, is through cryopreservation at ultra low temperatures requiring the use of possibly toxic and cellular damaging chemicals. This study examines alternatives to the use of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), and subzero temperature storage. Two different DMSO-free solutions, using materials already prevalent in the medical industry, were tested and shown to be viable alternative cryopreservation solutions. A method of freeze-drying (lyophilizing) and rehydrating living cells was tested, and shown to be reproducible, but resulted in alterations to the cells that prevented continued culture. Though not conclusive, the data here demonstrate that solutions and methods of long-term storage of living cellular material without the use of DMSO is possible, and storage at or near room temperature may be promising.

Published
2018
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45. Barbarians at the gate: in 2007, I spoke at the IFA conference on the Niche Factoring panel regarding the topic of Merchant Cash Advance. At that time, there were only a handful of MCA companies operating in the US. As more and more MCA companies have sprung up, the competition for deals has become fierce

Author

Bishop, Jason

Subjects
Corporations -- Finance, Working capital -- Conferences, meetings and seminars, Company financing, Business
Abstract

In 2007, I spoke at the IFA conference on the Niche Factoring panel regarding the topic of Merchant Cash Advance. MCA was an interesting topic to most factors and viewed [...]

Published
2013

48. Physical activity in young adults with autism spectrum disorder: Parental perceptions of barriers and facilitators.

Author

Nichols, Chad, Block, Martin E, Bishop, Jason C, and McIntire, Brandon

Subjects
OBESITY risk factors, PHYSICAL activity, HEALTH behavior, HEALTH promotion, INTERVIEWING, PHENOMENOLOGY, PARENTING, PSYCHOLOGY of parents, SOCIAL support, PARENT attitudes, REHABILITATION of autistic people, SEDENTARY lifestyles, ADULTS, PSYCHOLOGY
Abstract

The importance of physical activity in persons with disabilities is well known, yet the prevalence of inactivity remains high. The physical activity behaviors among adults on the autism spectrum are largely unexplored. It is presumed that sedentary behavior and obesity are a greater health issue among young adults on the autism spectrum who no longer receive Individuals with Disabilities Education Act services and supports such as school-based physical education. Using a phenomenology approach, the parents of eight young adults on the autism spectrum were interviewed about their perceptions of the barriers and facilitators to getting their young adults on the autism spectrum physically active. The purpose of this study was to investigate parent's perspective of physical activity barriers and facilitators of their adult children on the autism spectrum. Common themes of both physical activity barriers and facilitators included parents, behaviors associated with autism spectrum disorder, and access and opportunities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019
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49. Using the ICF Model to Increase Physical Activity of Young Adults with ASD Residing in Group Homes.

Author

Bishop, Jason, Nichols, Chad, McIntire, Brandon, and Block, Martin E.

Subjects
*AUTISM, *SERVICES for caregivers, *SOCIAL participation, *COGNITION disorders, *NOSOLOGY, *MENTAL orientation, *ECOLOGY, *SENSORY perception, *PHYSICAL activity, *SOCIOECONOMIC factors, *RESIDENTIAL care, *TEMPERAMENT, *COMMUNICATION, *INTERPERSONAL relations, *REHABILITATION of autistic people, *GROUP process, *ADULTS
Abstract

Autism spectrum disorder is a high-prevalence condition that can result in significant impairment of health and function throughout the lifespan. The Autism CARES Act of 2014 placed emphasis on the successful transition of adolescents from secondary school and associated supports to community and adult living. Physical activity has been shown to decrease health disparities associated with disability. This paper presents the International Classification of Function, Disability, and Health (ICF) as a potential framework to assist caregivers in identifying barriers and solutions to physical activity participation among young adults with ASD transitioning to adult living. Jake, a fictitious individual with severe ASD symptoms, is presented as an individual who the authors of the CARES Act may have envisioned would benefit from the law. Selected components of the ICF are presented in relation to Jake's symptoms associated with ASD which initially are exercise barriers. The ICF is presented to provide solutions to the exercise barriers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018

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