Search

This essay argues that the supermarket partakes in the reification of the nuclear family form. The supermarket is a ubiquitous food space, shaping subjectivity through the ordinary aspects of everyday life. The ubiquity of this space obscures the historical nature of the nuclear family, presenting it instead as the natural and necessary structure of kin relations. I begin with a discussion of Georg Lukács’ account of reification, examining the ways reification thus theorized reveals the reifying force of the supermarket. I then make an intervention into Lukács’ notion of reification, attending to the ways domestic labor, procreation, the production of labor power, and the home as the center of consumption support the reification of the nuclear family both in and outside of the supermarket. In conclusion, this analysis points to the connections between the supermarket, the nuclear family form, and the production of climate chaos to argue that reconfigurations of family and food relations are necessary in the face of ongoing and proliferating climate-related crises.

Sanjana Satish,1 Jessica F Moore,2 Jay M Littlefield,3 Ian J Bishop,2 Kristin E Rojas2,4 1University of Miami Miller Medical School, Miami, FL, USA; 2Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA; 3SCL Health, Holy Rosary Healthcare, Miles City, MT, USA; 4Dewitt-Daughtry Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USACorrespondence: Sanjana Satish, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1600 NW 10th Ave #1140, Miami, FL, 33136, USA, Email Sanjana.satish@med.miami.eduAbstract: This review aims to summarize and assess key studies investigating the relationship between hormonal contraception and breast cancer risk. Approximately two-thirds of breast cancers express the estrogen receptor, and long-term exposure to estrogen is a debated risk factor for breast cancer development. This hypothesis is based on prior studies looking at reproductive risk factors (endogenous estrogen exposure) along with hormone replacement therapy (exogenous hormone exposure). Historically accepted reproductive risk factors include age at menarche, age at first delivery, and parity. Exogenous hormone exposure encompasses both receipt of hormonal contraception and menopausal hormone replacement therapy. This review highlights the reported risks associated with the most common hormonal contraception methods including oral, transdermal, and transvaginal routes. Large observational studies of the past and more recent works are summarized highlighting gaps in knowledge. Several themes emerge: difficulty accounting for well-established risk factors in analyses of epidemiologic studies, challenges determining whether associations between hormonal contraception and breast cancer are due to the exogenous hormones themselves or to increased engagement with the medical system, and discrepancies between statistically significant and clinically significant risk, odds, and hazard ratios. Understanding the strengths and limitations of these studies will help providers in and outside of oncology support women making decisions regarding both cancer risk-reduction and family planning.Keywords: breast cancer, contraception, family planning, oncology, breast neoplasm, cancer risk

Australia's population is continually growing, making land more valuable and adding to energy demand. As the coast of Victoria, Australia has regular high winds, the development of offshore renewable energy is an excellent alternative to conventional energy sources. This provides an opportunity to meet growing energy needs while caring for the environment; and supporting regional communities. There are currently no offshore energy projects in Victoria. This paper investigates demand, supply, feasibility and planning of the wind and wave power options. Analytical (GIS) and visual aids (Google Earth) are used to illustrate these options and so to assist the community in making an informed decision for the renewable energy approaches suitable in Victoria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents information about monoclonal antibody-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for the rapid diagnosis of clinical cases of enteric redmouth and furunculosis in fish farms. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (EUSA) was described in 1971, and involves a sandwich technique using antibody coated on a solid phase to bind antigen in the sample. This then binds the detection system, enzyme coupled to antibody, before the addition of a substrate for the enzyme, the activity of which is indicated by a color change. Although emphasis was placed on the more laborious version utilizing cuvettes, both groups demonstrated the merits of EUSA for the diagnosis of bacterial and viral diseases. This seemed to open up the possibility for the application of EUSA for the rapid diagnosis of disease in fish farms.

Excessive sunlight in early childhood is thought to be a risk factor for skin cancer. We report the use of the 'draw and write' technique for determining changing perceptions, attitudes and knowledge of young children (aged 4-12 years) to the sun and skin cancer. Children were asked to draw pictures and label them in response to a series of carefully worded invitations arid questions. The captions were then analysed to assess changing views and perceptions about particular issues in relation to behaviour in the sun. Four hundred and sixty children completed the exercise. An increasing spiral of knowledge with age about effects of the sun and appropriate behaviour was demonstrated. The study revealed a relatively high level of knowledge. Misconceptions and stereotypes were demonstrated. This technique is a simple and effective way of eliciting information from children about health issues. It provides baseline data for producing material for health education for children in relation to sun and skin. It is also a method of assessing the effectiveness in young children of health promotion initiatives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]