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1. Nucleoside/nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitor sparing regimen with once daily integrase inhibitor plus boosted darunavir is non-inferior to standard of care in virologically-suppressed children and adolescents living with HIV – Week 48 results of the randomised SMILE Penta-17-ANRS 152 clinical trial

Author

Compagnucci, A., Saidi, Y., Riault, Y., Coelho, A., Kouakam, C., Picault, L., Ndiaye, M., Meyer, L., Cagnot, C., Circosta, S., Léger, L., Simanic, S., Arulananthan, A., Gibb, D.M., Babiker, A., Chan, M., Ford, D., Hudson, F., Harper, L., Bamford, A., Nolan, A., Widuch, K., Townsend, S., Van-Looy, N., Gao, L., Little, E., Turkova, A., Fabiane, S., Calvert, J., Blackstone, J., Scott, K., Inshaw, J., Nunn, A., Nardone, A., Bilardi, D., Cressey, T.R., Chalermpantmetagul, S., Khamduang, W., Jourdain, G., Ngo Giang Huong, N., Chinwong, D., Saenjum, C., Peongjakta, R., Sukrakanchana, P., Laomanit, L., Kaewbundit, A., Khamkon, J., Than-in-at, K., Meeboon, C., Sripaoraya, W., Krueduangkam, N., Kruenual, N., Khamjakkaew, W., Klinprung, S., Giaquinto, C., Morkunaite, G., Hirt, D., Prieto Tato, L., Niehues, T., Plonné, D., Morén, C., Noguera, T., Muñoz Fernández, M.A., Bologna, R., Arazi, S., Fedullo, A.G., Taicz, M., Vicentini, E., Moragas, M., Mangano, A., Dell’Orso, M., Gatto, M., Reliquet, V., Soria, A., Paredes, E., Chereau, N., Tching Sin, M., Flet, L., Rodallec, A., Hemon, C., Elenga, N., Terrine, M.D., Blaise, N., Augustin, S., Mespoulhe, P., Pouchain, H., Pavia-Ruz, N., Muñoz- Hernández, R., Neri-Macias, A., Jarillo-Quijada, M.D., Espinosa-Sotero, C., Marques, L., Teixeira, C., Fernandes, A., Nunes, R., Nascimento, H., Tuna, J., Padrao, A., Ferraz, I., Mendes, A.C., Correira, C., Pinheiro, H., Matos, A.C., Sampaio, A.C., Oliveira, A., Caldeira, A., Tavares, M., Reis Melo, A., Castro, C., Faria, C., Prucha, C., Ribeiro, R., Monteiro, F., Candeias, M.F., Silva Milhiero, T., Gomes Neves, E., Corte-Real, R., Morgado, M., Mendes, D., Cardão, M., Violari, A., Ramsagar, N., Liberty, A., Nyati, M., Maseko, L., Khunene, M., Mkhize, S., Essack, Z., Akoojee, N., Singh, U., Fourie, Y., Govender, S., Vadee, A., Lakha, R., Erasmus, J., Mamiane, A., Daniel, T., Bhana, P., Maduna, N., Cotton, M., Groenewald, M., Slade, G., Coetzee, J., Ganger, L., Weldon, S., Wessels, M., Hoorn, L., Pieterse, S., Makola, C., Smith, K., Isaacs, M., Cweya, A., Fry, S., Barnabas, S., Theunissen, M., Nduna, N., Smuts, M., Rojo Conejo, P., Epalza, C., Fernández, M., Mellado Peña, M.J., Sainz Costa, T., Escosa García, L., Gomez Salcedo, P., Fortuny Guasch, C., Noguera Julian, T., Estepa, C., Cubells, M., Sans, E., Bruno, E., Prieto, L., Mendez García, P., Murciano Cabeza, A., Coto, M., Torrent, R., Torres Arauz, M., Navarro Gómez, M., Mur, A., Guillén Martin, S., Moreno, M., Ramos Amador, J.T., Garcia, I., Kalhert, C., Wachinger, T., Wohlwend, B., Hafner, S., Dollenmaier, G., Paioni, P., Signorell, R., Boni, J., Duppenthaler, A., Mann, B., Saegesser, C., Barbani, M., Ngampiyaskul, C., Greetanukroh, P., Khannak, P., Tearsansern, P., Chamjamrat, W., Chanto, N., Thapwai, T., Thungkham, K., Puangmalai, P., Ruklao, C., Ounchanum, P., Khusuwan, S., Denjanta, S., Thaweesombat, Y., Thewsoongnoen, J., Kaewmamueng, K., Kamboua, P., Pongprapass, S., Srisuk, W., Kongponoi, A., Limplertjareanwanich, J., Kanjanavanit, S., Saewtrakool, C., Yingyong, P., Chutima, D., Junkaew, R., Chankun, T., Srirompotong, U., Sudsaard, P., Kongsuk, K., Petpranee, T., Srirojana, S., Donngernl, D., Kamkoonmongkol, A., Na Kalasin, N., Phunkhum, P., Kekitiinwa, A.R., Amuge, P., Bbuye, D., Nalubwama, J., Namanda, S., Nsibuka Kisekka, M., Kirabira, A., Lawrence, L., Agaba, G., Ahimbisibwe, G., Nalugo, A., Namuli, F., Kadhuba, R., Namuddu, R., Nabwire, I., Kiyimba, L., Baita, A., Tikabibamu, J., Nakandi, L., Kisitu, G.P., Nabukeera Barung, N., Kityo, C.M., Musiime, V., Kaudha, E., Nanduudu, A., Mujyambere, E., Labeja Ocitti, S.P., Ategeka, J., Nambi, E., Nazzinda, R., Rutebarika, D., Basiimwa, R., Mbabazi, R., Kyobutungi, P., Nabalamba, M., Nakalyango, A., Tumusiime, J., Nakabuye, S., Mwebaza, J., Oruk, S., Namusanje, J., Musiime, A., Mugarura, L., Ojok, M., Kitabalwa, J., Katemba, C., Nannungi, M., Bagirigomwa, E., Odoch, D., Rubanga, E., Mulima, D., Babu, E.L., Baliruno, D., Inyakuwal, C., Williams, E.D., Mulindwa, A., Uyungrwoth, A., Raus, I., Mostovenko, O., Stepchenkova, T., Volokha, A., Primak, N., Kenny, J., Callaghan, A., Ahmad, M., Vergnano, S., Ross, M., Manyi, F., Nayagam, D., Hawkins, S., Ball, C., Hamlyn, E., Gilmour, C., Gilmour-White, S., Doshi, S., Fuller, E., Adebayo, A., Tupper, K., Nsirim, E., Welch, S., Daglish, J., Thrasyvoulou, L., Irvine, E., Gandhi, K., Vaughn-Gordon, Y., Sibanda, N., Compagnucci, Alexandra, Chan, Man K., Saïdi, Yacine, Cressey, Tim R., Bamford, Alasdair, Riault, Yoann, Coelho, Alexandra, Nolan, Aoife, Chalermpantmetagul, Suwalai, Morkunaite, Gabija, Amuge, Pauline, Musiime, Victor, Violari, Avy, Cotton, Mark, Kekitiinwa, Adeodata R., Kaudha, Elizabeth, Groenewald, Marisa, Liberty, Afaaf A., Kanjanavanit, Suparat, Volokha, Alla, Bologna, Rosa, Pavia Ruz, Noris, Prieto Tato, Luis, Paioni, Paolo, Marques, Laura, Reliquet, Véronique, Niehues, Tim, Welch, Steven B., Ford, Deborah, Giaquinto, Carlo, Gibb, Diana M., Babiker, Abdel, and Ramos Amador, Jose Tomas

Published
2023
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4. The role of non-English-language science in informing national biodiversity assessments

Author

Amano, T., Berdejo-Espinola, V., Akasaka, M., de Andrade Junior, M.A.U., Blaise, N., Checco, J., Çilingir, F.G., Citegetse, G., Tor, M.C., Drobniak, S.M., Giakoumi, S., Golivets, Maryna, Ion, M.C., Jara-Díaz, J.P., Katayose, R., Lasmana, F.P.S., Lin, H.-Y., Lopez, E., Mikula, P., Morales-Barquero, L., Mupepele, A.-C., Narváez-Gómez, J.P., Nguyen, T.H., Nogueira Lisboa, S., Nuñez, M.A., Pavón-Jordán, D., Pottier, P., Prescott, G.W., Samad, F., Šćiban, M., Seo, H.-M., Shinoda, Y., Vajna, F., Vozykova, S., Walsh, J.C., Wee, A.K.S., Xiao, H., Zamora-Gutierrez, V., Amano, T., Berdejo-Espinola, V., Akasaka, M., de Andrade Junior, M.A.U., Blaise, N., Checco, J., Çilingir, F.G., Citegetse, G., Tor, M.C., Drobniak, S.M., Giakoumi, S., Golivets, Maryna, Ion, M.C., Jara-Díaz, J.P., Katayose, R., Lasmana, F.P.S., Lin, H.-Y., Lopez, E., Mikula, P., Morales-Barquero, L., Mupepele, A.-C., Narváez-Gómez, J.P., Nguyen, T.H., Nogueira Lisboa, S., Nuñez, M.A., Pavón-Jordán, D., Pottier, P., Prescott, G.W., Samad, F., Šćiban, M., Seo, H.-M., Shinoda, Y., Vajna, F., Vozykova, S., Walsh, J.C., Wee, A.K.S., Xiao, H., and Zamora-Gutierrez, V.

Abstract

Consulting the best available evidence is key to successful conservation decision-making. While much scientific evidence on conservation continues to be published in non-English languages, a poor understanding of how non-English-language science contributes to conservation decision-making is causing global assessments and studies to practically ignore non-English-language literature. By investigating the use of scientific literature in biodiversity assessment reports across 37 countries/territories, we have uncovered the established role of non-English-language literature as a major source of information locally. On average, non-English-language literature constituted 65% of the references cited, and these were recognized as relevant knowledge sources by 75% of report authors. This means that by ignoring non-English-language science, international assessments may overlook important information on local and/or regional biodiversity. Furthermore, a quarter of the authors acknowledged the struggles of understanding English-language literature. This points to the need to aid the use of English-language literature in domestic decision-making, for example, by providing non-English-language abstracts or improving and/or implementing machine translation. (This abstract is also avaialble in 21 other languages in Supplementary Data 4).

Published
2023

5. Microporous Annealed Particle (MAP) Scaffold Pore Size Influences Mesenchymal Stem Cell Metabolism and Proliferation Without Changing CD73, CD90, and CD105 Expression Over Two Weeks.

Author

Pfaff, Blaise N., Flanagan, Clare C., and Griffin, Donald R.

Subjects
CELL metabolism, CELL proliferation, TISSUE scaffolds, CELL migration, STEM cells, REGENERATIVE medicine, MESENCHYMAL stem cells
Abstract

Scaffold pore architecture is shown to influence stem cell fate through various avenues. It is demonstrated that microporous annealed particle (MAP) microgel diameter can be tuned to control scaffold pore size and, in turn, modulate mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) survivability, proliferation, metabolism, and migration, thereby enhancing bioactivity and guiding future applications of MAP for regenerative medicine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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7. The global case fatality rate of coronavirus disease 2019 by continents and national income: A meta-analysis

Author

Ramy Abou Ghayda, Keum Hwa Lee, Young Joo Han, Seohyun Ryu, Sung Hwi Hong, Sojung Yoon, Gwang Hum Jeong, Jae Won Yang, Hyo Jeong Lee, Jinhee Lee, Jun Young Lee, Maria Effenberger, Michael Eisenhut, Andreas Kronbichler, Marco Solmi, Han Li, Louis Jacob, Ai Koyanagi, Joaquim Radua, Myung Bae Park, Sevda Aghayeva, Mohamed L. C. B. Ahmed, Abdulwahed Al Serouri, Humaid O. Al‐Shamsi, Mehrdad Amir‐Behghadami, Oidov Baatarkhuu, Hyam Bashour, Anastasiia Bondarenko, Adrian Camacho‐Ortiz, Franz Castro, Horace Cox, Hayk Davtyan, Kirk Douglas, Elena Dragioti, Shahul Ebrahim, Martina Ferioli, Harapan Harapan, Saad I. Mallah, Aamer Ikram, Shigeru Inoue, Slobodan Jankovic, Umesh Jayarajah, Milos Jesenak, Pramath Kakodkar, Yohannes Kebede, Meron Kifle, David Koh, Visnja K. Males, Katarzyna Kotfis, Sulaiman Lakoh, Lowell Ling, Jorge Llibre‐Guerra, Masaki Machida, Richard Makurumidze, Mohammed A. Mamun, Izet Masic, Hoang Van Minh, Sergey Moiseev, Thomas Nadasdy, Chen Nahshon, Silvio A. Ñamendys‐Silva, Blaise N. Yongsi, Henning B. Nielsen, Zita A. Nodjikouambaye, Ohnmar Ohnmar, Atte Oksanen, Oluwatomi Owopetu, Konstantinos Parperis, Gonzalo E. Perez, Krit Pongpirul, Marius Rademaker, Sandro Rosa, Ranjit Sah, Dina Sallam, Patrick Schober, Tanu Singhal, Silva Tafaj, Irene Torres, J. Smith Torres‐Roman, Dimitrios Tsartsalis, Jadamba Tsolmon, Laziz Tuychiev, Batric Vukcevic, Guy Wanghi, Uwe Wollina, Ren‐He Xu, Lin Yang, Zoubida Zaidi, Lee Smith, Jae Il Shin, Anesthesiology, APH - Methodology, APH - Quality of Care, ACS - Microcirculation, Gerontology, and Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy

Subjects
Europe, Asia, Infectious Diseases, Socioeconomic Factors, SARS-CoV-2, Virology, COVID-19, Humans, case fatality rate, continents, proportion meta-analysis, COVID-19/epidemiology, Europe/epidemiology
Abstract

The aim of this study is to provide a more accurate representation of COVID-19's case fatality rate (CFR) by performing meta-analyses by continents and income, and by comparing the result with pooled estimates. We used multiple worldwide data sources on COVID-19 for every country reporting COVID-19 cases. On the basis of data, we performed random and fixed meta-analyses for CFR of COVID-19 by continents and income according to each individual calendar date. CFR was estimated based on the different geographical regions and levels of income using three models: pooled estimates, fixed- and random-model. In Asia, all three types of CFR initially remained approximately between 2.0% and 3.0%. In the case of pooled estimates and the fixed model results, CFR increased to 4.0%, by then gradually decreasing, while in the case of random-model, CFR remained under 2.0%. Similarly, in Europe, initially, the two types of CFR peaked at 9.0% and 10.0%, respectively. The random-model results showed an increase near 5.0%. In high-income countries, pooled estimates and fixed-model showed gradually increasing trends with a final pooled estimates and random-model reached about 8.0% and 4.0%, respectively. In middle-income, the pooled estimates and fixed-model have gradually increased reaching up to 4.5%. in low-income countries, CFRs remained similar between 1.5% and 3.0%. Our study emphasizes that COVID-19 CFR is not a fixed or static value. Rather, it is a dynamic estimate that changes with time, population, socioeconomic factors, and the mitigatory efforts of individual countries.

Published
2022
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10. The global case fatality rate of coronavirus disease 2019 by continents and national income: A meta-analysis

Author

Abou Ghayda, Ramy, Lee, Keum Hwa, Han, Young Joo, Ryu, Seohyun, Hong, Sung Hwi, Yoon, Sojung, Jeong, Gwang Hum, Yang, Jae Won, Lee, Hyo Jeong, Lee, Jinhee, Lee, Jun Young, Effenberger, Maria, Eisenhut, Michael, Kronbichler, Andreas, Solmi, Marco, Li, Han, Jacob, Louis, Koyanagi, Ai, Radua, Joaquim, Park, Myung Bae, Aghayeva, Sevda, Ahmed, Mohamed L. C. B., Al Serouri, Abdulwahed, Al-Shamsi, Humaid O., Amir-Behghadami, Mehrdad, Baatarkhuu, Oidov, Bashour, Hyam, Bondarenko, Anastasiia, Camacho-Ortiz, Adrian, Castro, Franz, Cox, Horace, Davtyan, Hayk, Douglas, Kirk, Dragioti, Elena, Ebrahim, Shahul, Ferioli, Martina, Harapan, Harapan, Mallah, Saad I, Ikram, Aamer, Inoue, Shigeru, Jankovic, Slobodan, Jayarajah, Umesh, Jesenak, Milos, Kakodkar, Pramath, Kebede, Yohannes, Kifle, Meron, Koh, David, Males, Visnja K., Kotfis, Katarzyna, Lakoh, Sulaiman, Ling, Lowell, Llibre-Guerra, Jorge, Machida, Masaki, Makurumidze, Richard, Mamun, Mohammed, Masic, Izet, Van Minh, Hoang, Moiseev, Sergey, Nadasdy, Thomas, Nahshon, Chen, Namendys-Silva, Silvio A., Yongsi, Blaise N., Nielsen, Henning B., Nodjikouambaye, Zita A., Ohnmar, Ohnmar, Oksanen, Atte, Owopetu, Oluwatomi, Parperis, Konstantinos, Perez, Gonzalo E., Pongpirul, Krit, Rademaker, Marius, Rosa, Sandro, Sah, Ranjit, Sallam, Dina, Schober, Patrick, Singhal, Tanu, Tafaj, Silva, Torres, Irene, Smith Torres-Roman, J., Tsartsalis, Dimitrios, Tsolmon, Jadamba, Tuychiev, Laziz, Vukcevic, Batric, Wanghi, Guy, Wollina, Uwe, Xu, Ren-He, Yang, Lin, Zaidi, Zoubida, Smith, Lee, Shin, Jae Il, Abou Ghayda, Ramy, Lee, Keum Hwa, Han, Young Joo, Ryu, Seohyun, Hong, Sung Hwi, Yoon, Sojung, Jeong, Gwang Hum, Yang, Jae Won, Lee, Hyo Jeong, Lee, Jinhee, Lee, Jun Young, Effenberger, Maria, Eisenhut, Michael, Kronbichler, Andreas, Solmi, Marco, Li, Han, Jacob, Louis, Koyanagi, Ai, Radua, Joaquim, Park, Myung Bae, Aghayeva, Sevda, Ahmed, Mohamed L. C. B., Al Serouri, Abdulwahed, Al-Shamsi, Humaid O., Amir-Behghadami, Mehrdad, Baatarkhuu, Oidov, Bashour, Hyam, Bondarenko, Anastasiia, Camacho-Ortiz, Adrian, Castro, Franz, Cox, Horace, Davtyan, Hayk, Douglas, Kirk, Dragioti, Elena, Ebrahim, Shahul, Ferioli, Martina, Harapan, Harapan, Mallah, Saad I, Ikram, Aamer, Inoue, Shigeru, Jankovic, Slobodan, Jayarajah, Umesh, Jesenak, Milos, Kakodkar, Pramath, Kebede, Yohannes, Kifle, Meron, Koh, David, Males, Visnja K., Kotfis, Katarzyna, Lakoh, Sulaiman, Ling, Lowell, Llibre-Guerra, Jorge, Machida, Masaki, Makurumidze, Richard, Mamun, Mohammed, Masic, Izet, Van Minh, Hoang, Moiseev, Sergey, Nadasdy, Thomas, Nahshon, Chen, Namendys-Silva, Silvio A., Yongsi, Blaise N., Nielsen, Henning B., Nodjikouambaye, Zita A., Ohnmar, Ohnmar, Oksanen, Atte, Owopetu, Oluwatomi, Parperis, Konstantinos, Perez, Gonzalo E., Pongpirul, Krit, Rademaker, Marius, Rosa, Sandro, Sah, Ranjit, Sallam, Dina, Schober, Patrick, Singhal, Tanu, Tafaj, Silva, Torres, Irene, Smith Torres-Roman, J., Tsartsalis, Dimitrios, Tsolmon, Jadamba, Tuychiev, Laziz, Vukcevic, Batric, Wanghi, Guy, Wollina, Uwe, Xu, Ren-He, Yang, Lin, Zaidi, Zoubida, Smith, Lee, and Shin, Jae Il

Abstract

The aim of this study is to provide a more accurate representation of COVID-19s case fatality rate (CFR) by performing meta-analyses by continents and income, and by comparing the result with pooled estimates. We used multiple worldwide data sources on COVID-19 for every country reporting COVID-19 cases. On the basis of data, we performed random and fixed meta-analyses for CFR of COVID-19 by continents and income according to each individual calendar date. CFR was estimated based on the different geographical regions and levels of income using three models: pooled estimates, fixed- and random-model. In Asia, all three types of CFR initially remained approximately between 2.0% and 3.0%. In the case of pooled estimates and the fixed model results, CFR increased to 4.0%, by then gradually decreasing, while in the case of random-model, CFR remained under 2.0%. Similarly, in Europe, initially, the two types of CFR peaked at 9.0% and 10.0%, respectively. The random-model results showed an increase near 5.0%. In high-income countries, pooled estimates and fixed-model showed gradually increasing trends with a final pooled estimates and random-model reached about 8.0% and 4.0%, respectively. In middle-income, the pooled estimates and fixed-model have gradually increased reaching up to 4.5%. in low-income countries, CFRs remained similar between 1.5% and 3.0%. Our study emphasizes that COVID-19 CFR is not a fixed or static value. Rather, it is a dynamic estimate that changes with time, population, socioeconomic factors, and the mitigatory efforts of individual countries.

Published
2022
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11. A unique Thy-1-negative immunofibroblast population emerges as a key determinant of fibrotic outcomes to biomaterials

Author

Daniel Abebayehu, Blaise N. Pfaff, Grace C. Bingham, Surabhi Ghatti, Andrew Miller, Donald R. Griffin, and Thomas H. Barker

Abstract

Microporous annealed particle (MAP) hydrogels are an exciting new development in biomaterial design. They regulate innate and acquired immunity which has been linked to their ability to evade normal host-material fibrosis. Yet, resident stromal fibroblasts, not immune cells, are the arbiters of the extracellular matrix assembly that characterizes fibrosis. In other idiopathic fibrotic disorders, a fibroblast subpopulation defined by its loss of cell surface Thy-1 expression is strongly correlated with degree of fibrosis. We have previously shown that Thy-1 is a critical αvβ3 integrin regulator that enables normal fibroblast mechanosensing and here, leveraging non-fibrosing MAP gels, we demonstrate that Thy-1-/- mice mount a robust response to MAP gels that remarkably resembles a classical foreign body response. We further find that within the näive, Thy-1+ fibroblast population exists a distinct and cryptic αSMA+ Thy-1- population that emerges in response to IL-1β and TNFα. Employing single-cell RNA sequencing, we find that IL-1β/TNFα-induced Thy-1- fibroblasts actually consist of two distinct subpopulations, both of which are strongly pro-inflammatory. These findings illustrate the emergence of a unique pro-inflammatory, pro-fibrotic fibroblast subpopulation that is central to material-associated fibrosis likely through amplifying local inflammatory signaling.Significance StatementDespite decades of research, implanted biomaterials are still significantly hampered by the foreign body response and fibrotic encapsulation.Advancements in material design and immunomodulation have made positive impacts, yet, a fuller mechanistic understanding of aberrant ECM remodeling in the biomaterial microenvironment could improve approaches in biomaterial-host interactions. Here, we leverage anti-fibrotic MAP hydrogels and demonstrate that their ability to evade fibrosis is linked to fibroblast Thy-1 (CD90) surface expression. Thy-1-/- mice exhibit elevated NFκB signaling and elevated fibrosis in response to MAP gel implantation. Interestingly, pro-inflammatory cytokines elicit a Thy-1-/αSMA+ myofibroblast subpopulation. Single-cell RNA-Seq more fully identifies an ‘immunofibroblast’ subpopulation defined by Thy-1 loss and a pro-inflammatory/fibrotic cytokine, chemokine, and cytokine receptor expression profile, suggesting a self-perpetuating pro-fibrotic subpopulation.

Published
2022
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12. The global case fatality rate of coronavirus disease 2019 by continents and national income: A meta‐analysis

Author

Abou Ghayda, Ramy, primary, Lee, Keum Hwa, additional, Han, Young Joo, additional, Ryu, Seohyun, additional, Hong, Sung Hwi, additional, Yoon, Sojung, additional, Jeong, Gwang Hum, additional, Yang, Jae Won, additional, Lee, Hyo Jeong, additional, Lee, Jinhee, additional, Lee, Jun Young, additional, Effenberger, Maria, additional, Eisenhut, Michael, additional, Kronbichler, Andreas, additional, Solmi, Marco, additional, Li, Han, additional, Jacob, Louis, additional, Koyanagi, Ai, additional, Radua, Joaquim, additional, Park, Myung Bae, additional, Aghayeva, Sevda, additional, Ahmed, Mohamed L. C. B., additional, Al Serouri, Abdulwahed, additional, Al‐Shamsi, Humaid O., additional, Amir‐Behghadami, Mehrdad, additional, Baatarkhuu, Oidov, additional, Bashour, Hyam, additional, Bondarenko, Anastasiia, additional, Camacho‐Ortiz, Adrian, additional, Castro, Franz, additional, Cox, Horace, additional, Davtyan, Hayk, additional, Douglas, Kirk, additional, Dragioti, Elena, additional, Ebrahim, Shahul, additional, Ferioli, Martina, additional, Harapan, Harapan, additional, Mallah, Saad I., additional, Ikram, Aamer, additional, Inoue, Shigeru, additional, Jankovic, Slobodan, additional, Jayarajah, Umesh, additional, Jesenak, Milos, additional, Kakodkar, Pramath, additional, Kebede, Yohannes, additional, Kifle, Meron, additional, Koh, David, additional, Males, Visnja K., additional, Kotfis, Katarzyna, additional, Lakoh, Sulaiman, additional, Ling, Lowell, additional, Llibre‐Guerra, Jorge, additional, Machida, Masaki, additional, Makurumidze, Richard, additional, Mamun, Mohammed A., additional, Masic, Izet, additional, Van Minh, Hoang, additional, Moiseev, Sergey, additional, Nadasdy, Thomas, additional, Nahshon, Chen, additional, Ñamendys‐Silva, Silvio A., additional, Yongsi, Blaise N., additional, Nielsen, Henning B., additional, Nodjikouambaye, Zita A., additional, Ohnmar, Ohnmar, additional, Oksanen, Atte, additional, Owopetu, Oluwatomi, additional, Parperis, Konstantinos, additional, Perez, Gonzalo E., additional, Pongpirul, Krit, additional, Rademaker, Marius, additional, Rosa, Sandro, additional, Sah, Ranjit, additional, Sallam, Dina, additional, Schober, Patrick, additional, Singhal, Tanu, additional, Tafaj, Silva, additional, Torres, Irene, additional, Torres‐Roman, J. Smith, additional, Tsartsalis, Dimitrios, additional, Tsolmon, Jadamba, additional, Tuychiev, Laziz, additional, Vukcevic, Batric, additional, Wanghi, Guy, additional, Wollina, Uwe, additional, Xu, Ren‐He, additional, Yang, Lin, additional, Zaidi, Zoubida, additional, Smith, Lee, additional, and Shin, Jae Il, additional

Published
2022
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14. Identifying Behavioral Health Needs of Individuals Screened at the Booking Counter of Montgomery County Jail

Author

Josephine F. Wilson, Blaise N. Ipsaro, Charles Crosby, Valerie A. Kapp, Teresa G. Russell, and Beverly Tanamachi

Subjects
General Medicine
Abstract

Background: Many of the individuals who are released from incarceration are re-arrested and re-incarcerated within three years of release. Challenges that predispose individuals to re-arrest and re-incarceration include lack of education, employment opportunities, decent affordable housing, and treatment for substance use disorders (SUD) and/or mental illness. This report summarizes the behavioral health needs of newly arrested individuals in Montgomery County, Ohio.Methods: For this project, 4,809 adult individuals arrested for non-violent crimes received behavioral health screening and case management at booking in the Montgomery County Jail. Criminogenic assessment using the Risk-Needs-Responsivity (RNR) tool was conducted with 484 arrestees. Descriptive statistics and chi square statistics were calculated for gender, race, referrals made, education level, employment status, housing status, alcohol and other drug use, and mental health status.Results: As a group, the arrestees were undereducated, underemployed, and homeless. Based on RNR assessment, 67% had an SUD,and 60% required mental health treatment. Significant gender and racial differences were found among the arrestees, with womensignificantly more likely to have SUD and mental health issues.Conclusions: Individuals arrested and booked into the Montgomery County Jail experience a complex interaction among mental health, poly-substance use, medical, employment, and housing needs that must be addressed in a comprehensive and coordinated funding manner. This interactive complexity of issues demand a response from an integrated service delivery system that would best benefit the person served and the community.

Published
2019
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16. Selective and Improved Photoannealing of Microporous Annealed Particle (MAP) Scaffolds

Author

Nicholas J. Cornell, Joseph de Rutte, Christopher B. Highley, Donald R. Griffin, Blaise N. Pfaff, Dino Di Carlo, and Lauren Pruett

Subjects
Materials science, Cell Survival, 0206 medical engineering, Radical polymerization, Biomedical Engineering, 02 engineering and technology, Article, Polymerization, Biomaterials, chemistry.chemical_compound, PEG ratio, Methacrylamide, Maleimide, chemistry.chemical_classification, Hydrogels, Microporous material, Polymer, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Macromonomer, 020601 biomedical engineering, Microspheres, Photopolymer, chemistry, Chemical engineering, Rheology, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract

Microporous Annealed Particle (MAP) scaffolds consist of a slurry of hydrogel microspheres that undergo annealing to form a solid scaffold. MAP scaffolds have contained functional groups with dual abilities to participate in Michael-type addition (gelation) and radical polymerization (photoannealing). Functional groups with efficient Michael-type additions react with thiols and amines under physiological conditions, limiting usage for therapeutic delivery. We present a heterofunctional maleimide/methacrylamide 4-arm PEG macromer (MethMal) engineered for selective photopolymerization compatible with multiple polymer backbones. Rheology using two classes of photoinitiators demonstrates advantageous photopolymerization capabilities. Functional assays show benefits for therapeutic delivery and 3D printing without impacting cell viability.

Published
2020
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19. Injectable Microannealed Porous Scaffold for Articular Cartilage Regeneration

Author

Lisa S. Salopek, Nicholas J. Cornell, Donald R. Griffin, Jan Viyar, Christine V. Schaeffer, Sarah Shan, Wilson I. Omesiete, Brent R. DeGeorge, Blaise N. Pfaff, and Patrick S. Cottler

Subjects
Cartilage, Articular, Scaffold, Knee Joint, Scar tissue, Articular cartilage, 030230 surgery, Chondrocyte, Glycosaminoglycan, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Chondrocytes, Medicine, Animals, Tissue Scaffolds, business.industry, Cartilage, Porous scaffold, Rats, medicine.anatomical_structure, Subchondral bone, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Surgery, business, Porosity, Biomedical engineering
Abstract

Background The purpose of this study is to assess the feasibility of a novel microporous annealed particle (MAP) scaffolding hydrogel to enable both articular cartilage and subchondral bone biointegration and chondrocyte regeneration in a rat knee osteochondral defect model. Methods An injectable, microporous scaffold was engineered and modified to match the mechanical properties of articular cartilage. Two experimental groups were utilized-negative saline control and MAP gel treatment group. Saline and MAP gel were injected into osteochondral defects created in the knees of Sprague-Dawley rats. Photo-annealing of the MAP gel was performed. Qualitative histologic and immunohistochemical analysis was performed of the treated defects at 2, 4, and 8 weeks postsurgery. Results The injectable MAP gel successfully annealed and was sustained within the osteochondral defect at each timepoint. Treatment with MAP gel resulted in maintained size of the osteochondral defect with evidence of tissue ingrowth and increased glycosaminoglycan production, whereas the control defects presented with evidence of disorganized scar tissue. Additionally, there was no significant inflammatory response to the MAP gel noted on histology. Conclusions We have demonstrated the successful delivery of an injectable, flowable MAP gel scaffold into a rat knee osteochondral defect with subsequent annealing and stable integration into the healing wound. The flowable nature of this scaffold allows for minimally invasive application, for example, via an arthroscopic approach for management of wrist arthritis. The MAP gel was noted to fill the osteochondral defect and maintain the defect dimensions and provide a continuous and smooth surface for cartilage regeneration, suggesting its ability to provide a stable scaffold for tissue ingrowth. Future chemical, mechanical, and biological gel modifications may improve objective evidence of cartilage regeneration.

Published
2020

22. Degradation and erosion mechanisms of bioresorbable porous acellular vascular grafts: an in vitro investigation

Author

Yadong Wang, Piyusha S. Gade, Kee Won Lee, Blaise N. Pfaff, and Anne M. Robertson

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Apparent density, Outer diameter, Biomedical Engineering, Biophysics, Bioengineering, 02 engineering and technology, Biochemistry, Models, Biological, Biomaterials, 03 medical and health sciences, Absorbable Implants, Porosity, Life Sciences–Engineering interface, Tissue Engineering, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, In vitro, Biomechanical Phenomena, Blood Vessel Prosthesis, Enzymes, 030104 developmental biology, Erosion, Degradation (geology), 0210 nano-technology, Biotechnology, Biomedical engineering, Enzymatic degradation
Abstract

A fundamental mechanism of in situ tissue regeneration from biodegradable synthetic acellular vascular grafts is the effective interplay between graft degradation, erosion and the production of extracellular matrix. In order to understand this crucial process of graft erosion and degradation, we conducted an in vitro investigation of grafts ( n = 4 at days 1, 4, 7, 10 each) exposed to enzymatic degradation. Herein, we provide constitutive relationships for mass loss and mechanical properties based on much-needed experimental data. Furthermore, we formulate a mathematical model to provide a physics-based framework for understanding graft erosion. A novel finding is that despite their porous nature, grafts lost mass exponentially via surface erosion demonstrating a 20% reduction in outer diameter and no significant change in apparent density. A diffusion based, concentration gradient-driven mechanistic model of mass loss through surface erosion was introduced which can be extended to an in vivo setting through the use of two degradation parameters. Furthermore, notably, mechanical properties of degrading grafts did not scale with mass loss. Thus, we introduced a damage function scaling a neo-Hookean model to describe mechanical properties of the degrading graft; a refinement to existing mass-dependent growth and remodelling (G&R) models. This framework can be used to improve accuracy of well-established G&R theories in biomechanics; tools that predict evolving structure–function relationships of neotissues and guide graft design.

Published
2017

23. Primaquine 30 mg/j versus 15 mg/j pendant 14 j pour la prévention des reviviscences de Plasmodium vivax de l’adulte dans une région d’Amérique : où en sommes-nous ? (MIG-07)

Author

Valdes, A., Epelboin, Loïc, Mosnier, Emilie, Walter, G., Vesin, Guillaume, Abboud, Philippe, Blanchet, Denis, Blaise, N., Demar, Magalie Pierre, Djossou, Félix, Unité des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales [Cayenne, Guyane Française], Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon [Cayenne, Guyane Française], Université de Guyane (UG), Unité des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales (UMIT), Ecosystemes Amazoniens et Pathologie Tropicale (EPat), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Guyane (UG), and Matillon, Mirlène

Subjects
[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2017

24. Primaquine 30 mg/j vs 15 mg/j pendant 14 j pour la prévention des reviviscences de Plasmodium vivax de l’adulte dans une région d’Amérique : où en sommes-nous ?

Author

Valdes, A, Epelboin, Loïc, Mosnier, E., Walter, G, Vesin, G, Abboud, P., Blanchet, D., Blaise, N, Demar, Magalie Pierre, Djossou, Félix, Ecosystemes Amazoniens et Pathologie Tropicale (EPat), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Guyane (UG), Université de Guyane (UG), Lebanese Univ, EC2M, Fac Sci 2, Campus Pierre Gemayel, Unité des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales (UMIT), Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon [Cayenne, Guyane Française], and Matillon, Mirlène

Subjects
[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2017

27. Chronique semestrielle de jurisprudence (Avril-Mai 2014)

Author

Blaise, N, Bosly, Henri, Colette Basecqz, Nicolle, De Nauw, Alain, Mandoux, Patrick, Vandermeersch, Diane, Blaise, N, Bosly, Henri, Colette Basecqz, Nicolle, De Nauw, Alain, Mandoux, Patrick, and Vandermeersch, Diane

Abstract

info:eu-repo/semantics/published

Published
2014

28. Ambiguity in achebe's arrow of god

Author

Machila, Blaise N and Machila, Blaise N

Abstract

The major conflicts in Chinua Achebe' s Arrow of God develop around the person of the Chief Priest of the god Ulu who is the ritual and religious leader of U muaro. On the one hand, there is the conflict between the local British administration represented by Winterbottom, the District Commissioner, and the native authority represented by Ezeulu, the Chief Priest. On the other hand, there are the internal politics of U muaro and the conflict between the supporters of Ezeulu and those of his rival, Ezidemili. On yet another level belongs the conflict taking place within Ezeulu himself, a conflict between personal power, the temptation to constitute himself into an 'arrow' of God, and the exigencies of public responsibility.

Published
2014

29. Variable rate bitumen spraying in road construction and resurfacing

Author

Shann, Blaise N. and Shann, Blaise N.

Abstract

[Abstract]: Over the last decade, traffic volumes, tyre pressures, wheel loads and the percentage of heavy vehicles using the Australian road network has increased significantly. This has led to increased challenges for road designers to provide economical and durable pavement surfaces with adequate surface texture. A particular solution for improving surface texture on spray sealed surfaces is transverse variable spray rates (TVSR). In this technique bitumen spray-rates are varied across the lane width to account for the impact of traffic in the wheel-paths. This leads to designs where higher binder application rates are used on the shoulders and between the wheel-paths and lower rates in the wheel-paths. An extensive literature review has revealed very little quantitative data has been analysed to verify the technique is beneficial in providing roads with improved and more uniform surface texture. Undesirable surface texture issues generally consist of flushing or bleeding of bitumen in the wheel-paths, and stripping of aggregate between the wheel-paths and on the shoulders. The Queensland Department of Main Roads collects annual survey data of their road network, including surface macro-texture data. This project aims to retrieve and compare survey data over a number of years, and collate it with other relevant data to verify if TVSR technology has provided an improvement in surface texture characteristics. Carefully selected road sections were studied to identify the effect of the TVSR technology when compared with similar areas sprayed with uniform single spray-rates. The study concluded that transverse variable spray rates were successful in increasing the transverse surface macro-texture uniformity of the analysed sections, and when used in conjunction with polymer modified binders, the surface macro-texture depth in the wheel-paths was increased also. Due to the limited scope of the study, further analysis would be required to verify the results across a wid

Published
2008

30. Microglial Depletion, a New Tool in Neuroinflammatory Disorders: Comparison of Pharmacological Inhibitors of the CSF-1R.

Author

Guenoun D, Blaise N, Sellam A, Roupret-Serzec J, Jacquens A, Steenwinckel JV, Gressens P, and Bokobza C

Abstract

A growing body of evidence highlights the importance of microglia, the resident immune cells of the CNS, and their pro-inflammatory activation in the onset of many neurological diseases. Microglial proliferation, differentiation, and survival are highly dependent on the CSF-1 signaling pathway, which can be pharmacologically modulated by inhibiting its receptor, CSF-1R. Pharmacological inhibition of CSF-1R leads to an almost complete microglial depletion whereas treatment arrest allows for subsequent repopulation. Microglial depletion has shown promising results in many animal models of neurodegenerative diseases (Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease, or multiple sclerosis) where transitory microglial depletion reduced neuroinflammation and improved behavioral test results. In this review, we will focus on the comparison of three different pharmacological CSF-1R inhibitors (PLX3397, PLX5622, and GW2580) regarding microglial depletion. We will also highlight the promising results obtained by microglial depletion strategies in adult models of neurological disorders and argue they could also prove promising in neurodevelopmental diseases associated with microglial activation and neuroinflammation. Finally, we will discuss the lack of knowledge about the effects of these strategies on neurons, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes in adults and during neurodevelopment., (© 2024 The Author(s). GLIA published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.)

Published
2024
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31. A Thy-1-negative immunofibroblast population emerges as a key determinant of fibrotic outcomes to biomaterials.

Author

Abebayehu D, Pfaff BN, Bingham GC, Miller AE, Kibet M, Ghatti S, Griffin DR, and Barker TH

Subjects
Animals, Mice, Interleukin-1beta metabolism, Mice, Knockout, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha metabolism, Biocompatible Materials adverse effects, Biocompatible Materials toxicity, Fibroblasts metabolism, Fibroblasts drug effects, Fibrosis, Hydrogels chemistry, Thy-1 Antigens metabolism
Abstract

Fibrosis-associated fibroblasts have been identified across various fibrotic disorders, but not in the context of biomaterials, fibrotic encapsulation, and the foreign body response. In other fibrotic disorders, a fibroblast subpopulation defined by Thy-1 loss is strongly correlated with fibrosis yet we do not know what promotes Thy-1 loss. We have previously shown that Thy-1 is an integrin regulator enabling normal fibroblast mechanosensing, and here, leveraging nonfibrotic microporous annealed particle (MAP) hydrogels versus classical fibrotic bulk hydrogels, we demonstrate that Thy1 -/- mice mount a fibrotic response to MAP gels that includes inflammatory signaling. We found that a distinct and cryptic α-smooth muscle actin-positive Thy-1 - fibroblast population emerges in response to interleuklin-1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα). Furthermore, IL-1β/TNFα-induced Thy-1 - fibroblasts consist of two distinct subpopulations that are strongly proinflammatory. These findings illustrate the emergence of a unique proinflammatory, profibrotic fibroblast subpopulation that is central to fibrotic encapsulation of biomaterials.

Published
2024
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32. The slow photo-induced CO 2 release of N -phthaloylglycine.

Author

Haselbach W, Nolden O, Blaise N, Förster T, Gindorf M, Kippes M, Rademacher MP, Jantz M, van Wilderen LJGW, Bredenbeck J, Wachtveitl J, and Gilch P

Abstract

Carboxylic acids and carboxylates may release CO 2 upon oxidation. The oxidation can be conducted electrochemically as in the Kolbe synthesis or by a suitable oxidant. In N -phthaloylglycine (PG), the photo-excited phthalimide chromophore acts as an oxidant. Here, the photo-kinetics of PG dissolved in acetonitrile is traced by steady-state as well as time-resolved UV/vis and IR spectroscopy. The experiments provide clear evidence that, contrary to earlier claims, the photo-induced CO 2 release is slow, i.e. it occurs on the microsecond time range. The triplet state of PG is, therefore, the photo-reactive one., Competing Interests: There are no conflicts to declare., (This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry.)

Published
2024
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33. Preparation of a Carbon paste electrode with Active materials for the detection of Tetracycline.

Author

Zang Akono AR, Blaise N, and Valery HG

Abstract

The Electrochemical sensor based on carbon-clay paste electrode (CCPE) was constructed for sensitive determination of Tetracycline (Tc). The mineralogical composition, morphology, structure and performance of CCPE were characterized using X-ray diffraction powder, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Cyclic Voltammetry analysis. The CCPE is constituted of two types of clay having the ratio 1/1 and 2/1 characteristic of kaolinite and montmorillonite clay respectively. Its porous structure is ascribed to the presence of graphite. The CCPE exhibited a good electrocatalytic activity towards the oxidation of Tc. The electrochemical kinetics and mechanism of Tc were proposed, showing that Tc electrocatalytic oxidation reaction was controlled by diffusion process and took place in three steps. A low concentration of Tc was detected by amperometry with the linear ranges of 0.5μM-0.8 μM (R 2  = 0.98), the sensitivity was 8.01 μA/μM.cm 2 , the limit of detection and quantification were 5.16x10 -3 μM(S/N = 3) and 1.72x10 -2 μM respectively. Thus, the proposed electrode provides a promising and prospective CCPE sensing platform for the detection of Tc in the environment., Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (© 2024 Published by Elsevier Ltd.)

Published
2024
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34. Enhancing the Potential of Fused Heterocycle-Based Triarylhydrazone Photoswitches.

Author

Hegedüsová L, Blaise N, Pašteka LF, Budzák Š, Medved' M, Filo J, Mravec B, Slavov C, Wachtveitl J, Grabarz AM, and Cigáň M

Abstract

Invited for the cover of this issue are Marek Cigáň, Anna M. Grabarz and co-workers. The image depicts how a non-expert might imagine a "molecular photoswitch". Read the full text of the article at 10.1002/chem.202303509., (© 2024 Wiley-VCH GmbH.)

Published
2024
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36. Investigation of the photoactivation effect of TiO 2 onto carbon-clay paste electrode by cyclic voltammetry analysis.

Author

Djonse Justin BT, Blaise N, and Valery HG

Abstract

In this work, a cyclic voltammetry analysis for the detection of Ascorbic Acid (AA) based on a carbon-clay paste electrode modified with titanium dioxide (CPEA/TiO 2 ) is presented. The electrochemical sensor was prepared using clay and carbon graphite, mixed with TiO 2 to investigate the electrode behavior towards the detection of AA. Comprehensive characterization approaches including X-ray diffraction (XRD), Selected area electron diffraction (SAED), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy (FTIR) were carried out on different samples. The results indicated that, the electrode has been effectively modified, while the electrochemical parameters of AA on CPEA/T i O 2 /UV such as the charge transfer coefficient ( α ), number of electrons (n) transferred and standard potential were calculated. CPEA/TiO a ), number of electrons (n) transferred and standard potential were calculated. CPEA/TiO 2 /UV exhibit better photoactivity and also higher electronic conductivity under light radiation (100 W). The linear range for AA was determined between 0.150μM and 0.850 μM with the straight-line equation equivalent to I p a ( μ A ) = 2.244 [ A A ] + 1.234 ( n  = 8, R 2  = 0.993). The limit of detection was 0.732 μM (3 σ ) and limit of quantification was 2.440 μM. For the analytical applications, pharmaceutical tablets such as Chloroquine phosphate, Azithromycin and Hydroxychloroquine sulfate were performed. In addition, interference study in the analytical application was performed, and it was found that the electroanalytical method used can be well adopted for simultaneous electrochemical detection of AA and Azithromycin., Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (© 2023 The Authors.)

Published
2023
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37. Valproate, divalproex, valpromide: Are the differences in indications justified?

Author

Delage C, Palayer M, Etain B, Hagenimana M, Blaise N, Smati J, Chouchana M, Bloch V, and Besson VC

Subjects
Humans, Valproic Acid therapeutic use, Valproic Acid pharmacokinetics, Bipolar Disorder drug therapy, Epilepsy drug therapy, Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions
Abstract

In many countries, valproate is indicated for epilepsy only, whereas its derivative divalproex (DVP) and valpromide (VPM) are indicated for bipolar disorders only. DVP is composed of sodium valproate and valproic acid (VA) in a 1:1 molar ratio and VPM is a prodrug completely hydrolyzed in the gastric tract to VA. Whatever the drug, the absorbed and active substance is the valproate ion. In this article, we reviewed the potential reasons that might justify these different indications. We performed a literature review of comparative studies of efficacy, pharmacokinetic parameters, side effects and costs for VPA, DVP, and VPM. We found only studies comparing VA with DVP. None of the eight efficacy studies found differences in epilepsy or mood disorders. The ten studies of side effects reported a difference in terms of gastrointestinal effects, but inconsistently. The United States (US) summary of product characteristics and kinetic comparison studies reported bioequivalence between DVP and VA, but a longer Tmax for DVP, likely due to its gastro-resistant galenic form. VPM summary of product characteristics and pharmacokinetic studies revealed a lower bioavailability (80% vs. 100% for VA) and a delayed Tmax. There is an additional cost for using DVP or VPM as compared to VA (respectively +177% and +77% in France). The differences in indications between valproate derivatives do not seem justified. Interchangeability between VA and DVP in bipolar disorders seems possible, at identical dosage. VPM would require a closer dosing schedule and a 20% reduction in dosage when switching to valproate., Competing Interests: Conflict of Interest Statement The authors report no financial or other relationship conflicts relevant to the subject of this article. BE received honoraria for consulting fees from Sanofi-Aventis Groupe - France., (Copyright © 2022. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS.)

Published
2023
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38. Simultaneous Electrochemical Detection of Pb and Cd by Carbon Paste Electrodes Modified by Activated Clay.

Author

Blaise N, Gomdje Valéry H, Maallah R, Oubaouz M, Tigana Djonse Justin B, Andrew Ofudje E, and Chtaini A

Abstract

Calcinated and acidified clay modified carbon graphite electrode was deployed in the simultaneous evaluation of traces of Pb 2+ and Cd 2+ in solution. After 5 minutes of accumulation in the circuit, the sensitivity of the electrode was evaluated in a solution of Na 2 SO 4 (0.1 M) by square wave voltammetry on the one hand with Pb (II) and on the other hand with Cd (II). Several experimental conditions such as the composition of the carbon clay paste, the effect of preconcentration time, the sweeping speed, concentration effect, media pH, and interference ionic response to the electrochemical response of the working electrode were examined. It was observed that, after 5 minutes of preconcentration, detection limits of 0.15513  μ mol·L -1 and 0.24227  μ mol·L -1 were obtained for Pb 2+ and Cd 2+ in the electrolyte solution and 0.08438  μ mol·L -1 and 0.46522  μ mol·L -1 , respectively, when tap water was used. The detection was effective by square wave voltammetry with a more intense current density with respect to lead., Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest., (Copyright © 2022 Niraka Blaise et al.)

Published
2022
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39. Clinical Features and Management of Snakebite Envenoming in French Guiana.

Author

Resiere D, Houcke S, Pujo JM, Mayence C, Mathien C, NkontCho F, Blaise N, Demar MP, Hommel D, and Kallel H

Subjects
Adult, Animals, Antivenins adverse effects, Female, French Guiana, Hemorrhage blood, Hemorrhage diagnosis, Hemorrhage mortality, Humans, Intensive Care Units, Male, Middle Aged, Prospective Studies, Snake Bites blood, Snake Bites diagnosis, Snake Bites mortality, Treatment Outcome, Antivenins therapeutic use, Hemorrhage drug therapy, Hemostasis drug effects, Snake Bites drug therapy, Snakes
Abstract

The management of snakebite (SB) envenoming in French Guiana (FG) is based on symptomatic measures and antivenom (AV) administration (Antivipmyn Tri ® ; Instituto Bioclon-Mexico). Our study aimed to assess clinical manifestations, the efficacy, and safety of Antivipmyn Tri ® in the management of SB. Our study is a prospective observational work. It was conducted in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) of Cayenne General Hospital between 1 January 2016 and 31 December 2019. We included all patients hospitalized for SB envenoming. Our study contained three groups (without AV, three vials, and six vials Antivipmyn Tri ® ). During the study period, 133 patients were included. The main clinical symptoms were edema (98.5%), pain (97.7%), systemic hemorrhage (18%), blister (14.3%), and local hemorrhage (14.3%). AV was prescribed for 83 patients (62.3%), and 17 of them (20%) developed early adverse reactions. Biological parameters at admission showed defibrinogenation in 124 cases (93.2%), International Normalized Ratio (INR) > 2 in 104 cases (78.2%), and partial thromboplastin time (PTT) > 1.5 in 74 cases (55.6%). The time from SB to AV was 9:00 (5:22-20:40). The median time from SB to achieve a normal dosage of fibrinogen was 47:00 vs. 25:30, that of Factor II was 24:55 vs. 15:10, that of Factor V was 31:42 vs. 19:42, and that of Factor VIII was 21:30 vs. 10:20 in patients without and with AV, respectively, ( p < 0.001 for all factors). Patients receiving Antivipmyn Tri ® showed a reduction in the time to return to normal clotting tests, as compared to those who did not. We suggest assessing other antivenoms available in the region to compare their efficacy and safety with Antivipmyn Tri ® in FG.

Published
2020
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40. Primaquine 30 mg/day versus 15 mg/day during 14 days for the prevention of Plasmodium vivax relapses in adults in French Guiana: a historical comparison.

Author

Valdes A, Epelboin L, Mosnier E, Walter G, Vesin G, Abboud P, Melzani A, Blanchet D, Blaise N, Nacher M, Demar M, and Djossou F

Subjects
Adult, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Female, French Guiana, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Plasmodium vivax drug effects, Young Adult, Antimalarials administration & dosage, Malaria, Vivax prevention & control, Primaquine administration & dosage, Secondary Prevention
Abstract

Background: The preventive treatment of Plasmodium vivax relapse recommended by the World Health Organization is primaquine at a dose of 15 mg/day for 14 days, except for malaria cases from Asia and Oceania. Since 2006, CDC recommends the use of primaquine at 30 mg/day for 14 days. In France, all cases of malaria due to P. vivax are treated with 30 mg of primaquine. This systematically increased dosage needs to be evaluated according to epidemiological context. The aim of the study was to compare relapses after 14 days of primaquine at 15 or 30 mg/day., Methods: All patients treated with primaquine after a vivax malaria episode in French Guiana, between 1 January, 2007 and 1 August, 2016, were studied. Based on the compulsory hospital pharmacy forms for primaquine delivery, adult patients who received 15 or 30 mg of primaquine during 14 days for hypnozoite eradication were included. The recommended dose was initially 15 mg and was changed to 30 mg in 2011. Vivax malaria recurrences within 2 months after primaquine treatment, and vivax malaria recurrences 2-6 months after primaquine in each treatment group were analysed using survival analysis at 2, 3 and 6 months., Results: Out of 544 patients included, 283 received 15 mg/day and 261 received 30 mg/day of primaquine. At 2 and 3 months after primaquine treatment, the number of recurrences was 7 (2.5%) and 19 (7.3%), and 9 (3.4%) and 15 (5.3%), in the 15 and 30 mg groups (p = 0.51 respectively 0.35), respectively. Within 3 months, the median time to recurrence was 2.05 months in the 15 and 30 mg groups. At 6 months after primaquine treatment, the number of recurrences was 25 (8.8%) and 31 (11.9%) at 15 and 30 mg, respectively (p = 0.24). The median time to recurrence was 2.38 months at 15 mg/day and of 2.64 months at 30 mg/day., Conclusions: There were no significant differences between primaquine at 15 or 30 mg/day for 14 days in the prevention of P. vivax relapses at 2, 3 and 6 months after primaquine treatment in French Guiana.

Published
2018
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