98 results on '"Blanz, J."'
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2. Fundamentals of Smart Antennas for Mobile Radio Applications
- Author
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Baier, P. W., Blanz, J. J., Schmalenberger, R., Glisic, Savo G., and Leppänen, Pentti A.
- Published
- 1997
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. New Aspects in the Pharmacokinetics and Metabolism of Mitoxantrone
- Author
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Ehninger, G., Blanz, J., Mewes, K., Proksch, B., Kumbier, I., Schuler, U., Zeller, K. P., Hiddemann, W., editor, Büchner, T., editor, Wörmann, B., editor, Plunkett, W., editor, Keating, M., editor, and Andreeff, M., editor
- Published
- 1992
- Full Text
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4. Enzyme replacement therapy for alpha-mannosidosis: 12 months follow-up of a single centre, randomised, multiple dose study
- Author
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Borgwardt, L., Dali, C. I., Fogh, J., Månsson, J. E., Olsen, K. J., Beck, H. C., Nielsen, K. G., Nielsen, L. H., Olsen, S. O. E., Riise Stensland, H. M. F., Nilssen, O., Wibrand, F., Thuesen, A. M., Pearl, T., Haugsted, U., Saftig, P., Blanz, J., Jones, S. A., Tylki-Szymanska, A., Guffon-Fouiloux, N., Beck, M., and Lund, A. M.
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Abstract
- Author
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Mache, Ch., Urban, Ch., Sauer, H., Brandesky, G., Meßner, H., Grienberger, H., Becker, H., Slave, I., Hauer, Ch., Pakisch, B., Oberbauer, R., Mokry, M., Ebner, F., Kleinert, R., Schiller, D., Kasparu, H., Schneider, G., Sega, W., Lutz, D., Mader, R. M., Steger, G. G., Sieder, A. E., Ovissi, L., Roth, E., Hamilton, G., Jakesz, R., Rainer, H., Schenk, T., Kornek, G., Schulz, F., Depisch, D., Rosen, H., Sebesta, Ch., Scheithauer, W., Locker, G. J., Czernin, J., Derfler, K., Gnant, M., Schiessel, R., Petru, E., Pickel, H., Heydarfadai, M., Lahousen, M., Haas, J., Sagaster, P., Flamm, J., Umek, H., Essl, R., Teich, G., Micksche, M., Ludwig, H., Ambros, P. F., Lestou, V., Strehl, S., Mann, G., Gadner, H., Eibl, B., Greiter, E., Grünewald, K., Gastl, G., Thaler, J., Aulitzky, W., Lion, T., Henn, T., Gaiger, A., Hofmann, J., Wolf, A., Spitaler, M., Ludescher, Christof, Grunicke, H., Mitterbauer, G., Stangl, E., Geissler, K., Jäger, U., Lechner, K., Mannhalter, C., Haas, Oskar A., Tirita, Anthi, Kahls, P., Haas, O., Hinterberger, W., Linkesch, W., Pober, Michael, Fae, Ingrid, Kyrle, Alexander, Neumeister, Andrea, Panzer, Simon, Kandioler, D., End, A., Grill, R., Karlic, H., Inhauser, T., Chott, A., Pirc-Danoewinata, H., Klepetko, W., Heinz, R., Hopfinger-Limberger, G., Koller, E., Schneider, B., Pittermann, E., Lorber, C., Eichinger, S., Neumann, E., Weidinger, J., Gisslinger, H., Bedford P., Jones D., Cawley J., Catovsky D., Bevan P., Scherrer, R., Bettelheim, P., Knöbl, P., Kyrie, P. A., Lazcika, K., Schwarzinger, I., Sillaber, C., Watzke, H., Dávid, M., Losonczy, H., Matolcsy, A., Papp, M., Prischl, F. C., Schwarzmeier, J. D., Zoubek, Andreas, Harbott, Jochen, Ritterbach, Jutta, Ritter, Jörg, Sillaber, Ch., Agis, H., Spanblöchl, E., Sperr, W. R., Valent, P., Czerwenka, K., Virgolini, I., Li, S. R., Müller, M., Wrann, M., Gaggl, S., Fasching, B., Herold, M., Geissler, D., Nachbaur, D., Huber, Ch., Schwaighofer, H., Pichl, M., Niederwieser, D., Gilly, B., Weissel, H., Lorber, Ch., Schwarzmeier, J., Gasché, C., Reinisch, W., Hilgarth, M., Keil, F., Thomssen, C., Kolb, H. J., Holler, E., Wilmanns, W., Tilg, H., Gächter, A., Panzer-Grümayer, E. R., Majdic, O., Kersey, J. H., Petzer, A. L., Bilgeri, R., Zilian, U., Geisen, F. H., Haun, M., Konwalinka, G., Fuchs, D., Zangerle, R., Artner-Dworzak, E., Weiss, G., Fritsch, P., Tilz, G. P., Dierich, M. P., Wachter, H., Schüller, J., Czejka, M. J., Jäger, W., Meyer, B., Weiss, C., Schernthaner, G., Marosi, Ch., Onderka, E., Schlögl, B., Maca, T., Hanak, R., Mannhalter, Ch., Brenner, B., Mayer, R., Langmann, A., Langmann, G., Slave, J., Poier, E., Stücklschweiger, G., Hackl, A., Fritz, A., Pabinger, I., Willfort, A., Groiss, E., Bernhart, M., Waldner, R., Krieger, O., Nowotny, H., Strobl, H., Michlmayr, G., Mistrik, M., lstvan, L., Kapiotis, S., Laczika, K., Speiser, W., Granena, A., Hermans, J., Zwaan, F., Gratwohl, A., Labar B., Mrsić M., Nemet D., Bogdanić V., Radman I., Zupančić-Šalek Silva, Kovačević-Metelko Jasna, Aurer I., Forstinger, C., Scholten, C., Kier, P., Kalhs, P., Schwinger, W., Slavc, I., Lackner, H., Nussbaumer, W., Fritsch, E., Fink, M., Zechner, O., Kührer, I., Kletter, V., Frey, S., Leitgeb, C., Fritz, E., Silly, H., Brezinschek, R., Kuss, I., Stöger, H., Schmid, M., Samonigg, H., Wilders-Truschnig, M., Schmidt, F., Bauernhofer, T., Kasparek, A. K., Ploner, F., Stoeger, H., Moser, R., Leikauf, W., Klemm, F., Pfeffel, F., Niessner, H., Poschauko, H., Pojer, E., Locker, G. J., Braun, J., Gnant, M. F. X., Michl, I., Pirker, R., Liebhard, A., Zielinski, C., Dittrich, C., Bernát, S. I., Pongrácz, E., Kastner, J., Raderer, M., Jorbenyi, Z., Yilmaz, A., Suardet, L., Lahm, H., Odartchenko, N., Varga, Gy., Sréter, L. A., Oberberg, D., Berdel, W. E., Budiman, R., Brand, C., Berkessy, S., Radványi, G., Pauker, Zs., Nagy, Zs., Karádi, Å., Serti, S., Hainz, R., Kirchweger, P., Prager, C., Prada, J., Neifer, S., Bienzle, U., Kremsner, P., Kämmerer, B., Vetterlein, M., Pohl, W., Letnansky, K., Imre, S. G., Parkas, T., Lakos, Zs., Kiss, A., Telek, B., Felszeghy, E., Kelemen, E., Rak, K., Pfeilstöcker, M., Reisner, R., Salamon, J., Georgopoulos, A., Feistauer, S., Georgopoulos, M., Graninger, W., Klinda, F., Hrubisko, M., Sakalova, A., Weißmann, A., Röhle, R., Fortelny, R., Gutierrez, F., Fritsch, G., Printz, D., Buchinger, P., Buchinger, P., Hoecker, P., Peters, C., Gebauer, E., Katanić, D., Nagy, Á., Szomor, Á., Med. J., Batinić D., Užaervić B., Marušić M., Kovačoević-Metelko Jasminka, Jakić-Razumović Jasminka, Kovačević-Metelko Jasminka, Zuoancić-Šalek Silva, Ihra, G. C., Reinisch, W. W., Hilgarth, M. F., Schwarzmeier, I. D., Várady, E., Molnár, Z. S., Fleischmann, T., Borbényi, Z., Bérczi, M., István, L., Szerafin, L., Jakó, J., Bányai, A., Dankó, K., Szegedi, Gy., Neubauer, M., Frudinger, A., Scholten, Ch., Forstinger, Ch., Dobrić I., Willheim, M., Szépfalusi, Z., Mader, R., Boltz, G., Schwarzmeier, J. D., Nahajevszky, S., Téri, N., Póth, I., Nagy, P., Smanykó, D., Babicz, T., Ujj, Gy., Iványi, J. L., Tóth, F. D., Kiss, J., Konja, J., Petković, I., Kardum, I., Kaštelan, M., Kelečić, J., Feminić, R., Djermanović, M., Bilić, E., Jakovljević, G., Peter, B., Gredelj, G., Senji, P., Thalhammer, F., Floth, A., Etele-Hainz, A., Kainberger, F., Radaszkiewicz, T., Kierner, H., Mód, Anna, Pitlik, E., Gottesman, M., Magócsi, Mária, Sarkadi, B., Knapp, S., Purtscher, B., DelleKarth, G., Jaeger, U., Krieger, O., Berger, W., Elbling, L., Ludescher, C., Hilbe, W., Eisterer, W., Preuß, E., Izraeli, S., Janssen, J. W. G., Walther, J. U., Kovar, H., Ludwig, W. D., Rechavi, G., Bartram, C. R., Rehberger, A., Mittermayer, F., Schauer, E., Kokoschka, E. M., Kammerer, B., Kokron, E., Desser, L., Abdul-Hamid, G., Kroschinksky, F., Luther, Th., Fischer, H., Nowak, R., Wolf, H., Fleischer, J., Wichmann, G., Albercht, S., Adorf, D., Kaboth, W., Nerl, C., Aman, J., Rudolf, G., Peschel, C., Anders, O., Burstein, Ch., Ernst, B., Steiner, H., Konrad, H., Annaloro, U. P., Mozzana, C., Butti, R., Della, C., Volpe A., Soligo D., Uderzo M., Lambertenghi-Deliliers G., Ansari, H., Dickson, D., Hasford, J., Hehlmann, R., Anyanwu, E., Krysa, S., Bülzebrück, H., Vogt-Moykopf, I., Arning, M., Südhoff, Th., Kliche, K. O., Wehmeier, A., Schneider, W., Arnold, R., Bunjes, D., Hertenstein, B., Hueske, D., Stefanic, M., Theobald, M., Wiesneth, M., Heimpel, H., Waldmann, H., Arseniev, L., Bokemeyer, C., Andres, J., Könneke, A., Papageorgiou, E., Kleine, H. -D., Battmer, K., Südmeyer, I., Zaki, M., Schmoll, H. -J., Stangel, W., Poliwoda, H., Link, H., Aul, C., Runde, V., Heyll, A., Germing, U., Gattermann, N., Ebert, A., Feinendegen, L. E., Huhn, D., Bergmann, L., Dönner, H., Hartlapp, J. H., Kreiter, H., Schuhmacher, K., Schalk T., Sparwasser C., Peschel U., Fraaß C. Huber, HIadik, F., Kolbe, K., Irschick, E., Bajko, G., Wozny, T., Hansz, J., Bares, R., Buell, U., Baumann, I., Harms, H., Kuse, R., Wilms, K., Müller-Hermelink, H. K., Baurmann, H., Cherif, D., Berger, R., Becker, K., Zeller, W., Helmchen, U., Hossfeld, D. K., Bentrup, I., Plusczyk, T., Kemkes-Matthes, B., Matthes, K., Bentz, M., Speicher, M., Schröder, M., Moos, M., Döhner, H., Lichter, P., Stilgenbauer, S., Korfel, A., Harnoss, B. -M., Boese-Landgraf, J., May, E., Kreuser, E. -D., Thiel, E., Karacas, T., Jahn, B., Lautenschläger, G., Szepes, S., Fenchel, K., Mitrou, P. S., Hoelzer, D., Heil, G., Lengfelder, E., Puzicha, E., Martin, H., Beyer, J., Kleiner, S., Strohscheer, I., Schwerdtfeger, R., Schwella, N., Schmidt-Wolf, I., Siegert, W., Weyer, C., arzen, G., Risse, G., Miksits, K., Farshidfar, G., Birken, R., Schilling, C. v., Brugger, W., Holldack, J., Mertelsmann, R., Kanz, L., Blanz, J., Mewes, K., Ehninger, G., Zeller, K. -P., Böhme. A., Just G., Bergmann. L., Shah P., Hoelzer D., Stille W., Bohlen, H., Hopff, T., Kapp, U., Wolf, J., Engert, A., Diehl, V., Tesch, H., Schrader, A., van Rhee, J., Köhne-Wömpner, H., Bokemeyer', C., Gonnermann, D., Harstrick, A., Schöffski, P., van Rhee, J., Schuppert, F., Freund, M., Boos, J., Göring, M., Blaschke, G., Borstel, A., Franke, A., Hüller, G., Uhle, R., Weise, W., Brach, Marion A., Gruss, Hans-Jürgen, Herrmann, Friedhelm, deVos, Sven, Brennscheidt, Ulrich, Riedel, Detlev, Klch, Walter, Bonlfer, Renate, Mertelsmann, Roland, Brieaer, J., Appelhans, H., Brückner, S., Siemens, HJ., Wagner, T., Moecklin, W., Mertelsmann, R., Bertz, H., Hecht, T., Mertelsmann, R., Bühl, K., Eichelbaum, M. G., Ladda, E., Schumacher, K., Weimer, A., Bühling, F., Kunz, D., Lendeckel, U., Reinhold, D., Ulmer, A. J., Flad, H. -D., Ansorge, S., Bühring, Hans-Jörg, Broudy¶, Virginia C., Ashman§, Leonie K., Burk, M., Kunecke, H., Dumont, C., Meckenstock, G., Volmer, M., Bucher, M., Manegold, C., Krenpien, B., Fischer, J. R., Drings, P., Bückner, U., Donhuijsen-Ant, R., Eberhardt, B., Westerhausen, M., Busch, F. W., Jaschonek, K., Steinke, B., Calavrezos, A., Hausmann, K., Solbach, M., Woitowitz, H. -P., Hilierdal, G., Heilmann, H. -P., Chen, Z. J., Frickhofen, N., Ellbrück, D., Schwarz, T. F., Körner, K., Wiest, C., Kubanek, B., Seifried, E., Claudé, R., Brücher, J., Clemens, M. R., Bublitz, K., Bieger, O., Schmid, B., Clemetson, K. J., Clemm, Ch., Bamberg, M., Gerl, A., Weißbach, L., Danhauser-Riedl, S., Schick, H. D., Bender, R., Reuter, M., Dietzfelbinger, H., Rastetter, J., Hanauske, A. -R., Decker, Hans-Jochen, Klauck, Sabine, Seizinger, Bernd, Denfeld, Ralf, Pohl, Christoph, Renner, Christoph, Hombach, Andreas, Jung, Wolfram, Schwonzen, Martin, Pfreundschuh, Michael, Derigs, H. Günter, Boswell, H. Scott, Kühn, D., Zafferani, M., Ehrhardt, R., Fischer, K., Schmitt, M., Witt, B., Ho, A. D., Haas, R., Hunstein, W., Dölken, G., Finke, J., Lange, W., Held, M., Schalipp, E., Fauser, A. A., Mertelsmann, R., Donhuijsen, K., Nabavi, D., Leder, L. D., Haedicke, Ch., Freund, H., Hattenberger, S., Dreger, Peter, Grelle, Karen, Schmitz, Norbert, Suttorp, Meinolf, Müller-Ruchholtz, Wolfgang, Löffler, Helmut, Dumoulin, F. L., Jakschies, D., Walther, M., Hunger, P., Deicher, H., von Wussow, P., Dutcher, J. P., Ebell, W., Bender-Götze, C., Bettoni, C., Niethammer, D., Reiter, A., Sauter, S., Schrappe, M., Riehm, H., Niederle, N., Heidersdorf, H., Müller, M. R., Mengelkoch, B., Vanhoefer, U., Stahl, M., Budach, V., loehren, B., Alberti, W., Nowrousian, M. R., Seeber, S., Wilke, H., Stamatis, G., Greschuchna, D., Sack, H., Konietzko, N., Krause, B., Dopfer, R., Schmidt, H., Einsele, H., Müller, C. A., Goldmann, S. F., Grosse-Wilde, H., Waller, H. D., Libal, B., Hohaus, S., Gericke, G., von Eiff, M., Oehme, A., Roth, B., van de Loo, J., von Eiff, K., Pötter, R., Weiß, H., Suhr, B., Koch, P., Roos, H., van de Loo, J., Meuter, V., Heissig, B., Schick, F., Duda, S., Saal, J. G., Klein, R., Steidle, M., Eisner, S., Ganser, A., Seipelt, G., Leonhardt, M., Engelhard, M., Brittinger, G., Gerhartz, H., Meusers, P., Aydemir, Ü., Tintrup, W., Tiemann, H., Lennert, K., Esser, B., Hirsch, F. W., Evers, C., Riess, H., Lübbe, A., Greil, R., Köchling, A., Digel, D., Bross, K. J., Dölken, G., Mertelsmann, R., Gencic S., Ostermann, M., Baum, R. P., Fiebig, H. H., Berger, D. P., Dengler, W. A., Winterhalter, B. R., Hendriks, H., Schwartsmann, G., Pinedo, H. M., Ternes, P., Mertelsmann, R., Dölken, G., Fischbach, W., Zidianakis, Z., Lüke, G., Kirchner, Th., Mössner, J., Fischer, Thomas, Haque, Saikh J., Kumar, Aseem, Rutherford, Michael N., Williams, Bryan R. G., Flohr, T., Decker, T., Thews, A., Hild, F., Dohmen, M., von Wussow, P., Grote-Metke, A., Otremba, B., Fonatsch, C., Binder, T., Imhof, C., Feller, A. C., Fruehauf, S., Moehle, R., Hiddemann Th., Büchner M. Unterhalt, Wörmann, B., Ottmann, O. G., Verbeek, G. W., Seipelt A. Maurer, Geissler, G., Schardt, C., Reutzel, R., Hiddemann, W., Maurer, A., Hess, U., Lindemann, A., Frisch, J., Schulz, G., Mertelsmann, R., Hoelzer, P., Gassmann, W., Sperling, C., Uharek, L., Becher, R., Weh, H. J., Tirier, C., Hagemann, F. G., Fuhr, H. G., Wandt, H., Sauerland, M. C., Gause, A., Spickermann, D., Klein, S., Pfreund-schuh, M., Gebauer, W., Fallgren-Gebauer, E., Geissler, R. G., Mentzel, U., Kleiner, K., Rossol, R., Guba, P., Kojouharoff, G., Gerdau, St., Körholz, D., Klein-Vehne, A., Burdach, St., Gerdemann M., Maurer J., Gerhartz, H. H., Schmetzer, H., Mayer, P., Clemm, C., Hentrich, M., Hartenstein, R., Kohl, P., Gieseler, F., Boege, F., Enttmann, R., Meyer, P., Glass, B., Zeis, M., Loeffler, H., Mueller-Ruchholtz, W., Görg, C., Schwerk, W. B., Köppler, H., Havemann, K., Goldschmitt, J., Goldschmidt, H., Nicolai, M., Richter, Th., Blau, W., Hahn, U., Kappe, R., Leithäuser, F., Gottstein, Claudia, Schön, Gisela, Dünnebacke, Markus, Berthold, Frank, Gramatzki, M., Eger, G., Geiger, M., Burger, R., Zölch, A., Bair, H. J., Becker, W., Griesinger, F., Elfers, H., Griesser, H., Grundner-Culemann, E., Neubauer, V., Fricke, D., Shalitin, C., Benter, T., Mertelsmann, R., Dölken, Gottfried, Mertelsmann, Roland, Günther, W., Schunmm, M., Rieber, P., Thierfelder, S., Gunsilius, E., Kirstein, O., Bommer, M., Serve, H., Hülser, P. -J., Del Valle F., Fischer J. Th., Huberts H., Kaplan E., Haase, D., Halbmayer, W. -M., Feichtinger, Ch., Rubi, K., Fischer, M., Hallek, M., Lepislo, E. M., Griffin, J. D., Emst, T. J., Druker, B., Eder, M., Okuda, K., D.Griffin, J., Kozłowska-Skrzypczak, K., Meyer, B., Reile, D., Scharnofske, M., Hapke, G., Aulenbacher, P., Havemann, K., Becker, N., Scheller, S., Zugmaier, G., Pralle, H., Wahrendorf, J., Heide, Immo, Thiede, Christian, de Kant, Eric, Neubauer, Andreas, Herrmann, Richard, Rochlitz, Christoph, Heiden, B., Depenbrock, H., Block, T., Vogelsang, H., Schneider, P., Fellbaum, Ch., Heidtmann, H. -H., Blings, B., Havemann, K., Fackler-Schwalbe, E., Schlimok, G., Lösch, A., Queißer, W., Löffler, B., Kurrle, E., Chadid, L., Lindemann, A., Mertelsmann, R., Nicolay, U., Gaus, W., Heinemann, V., Jehn, U., Gleixner, B., Wachholz, W., Scholz, P., Plunkett, W., Heinze, B., Novotny, J., Hess, Georg, Gamm, Heinold, Seliger, Barbara, Heuft, H. G., Oettle, H., Zeiler, T., Eckstein, R., Heymanns, J., Havemann, K., Hladik, F., Hoang-Vu, C., Horn, R., Cetin, Y., Scheumann, G., Dralle, H., Köhrle, J., von zur Mühlen, A., Brabant, G., Hochhaus, A., Mende, S., Simon, M., Fonatsch, Ch., Heinze, B., Georgii, A., Hötzl, Ch., Hintermeier-Knabe, R., Kempeni, J., Kaul, M., Hoetzl, Ch., Clemm, Ch., Lauter, H., Hoffknecht, M. M., Eckardt, N., Hoffmann-Fezer, G., Gall, C., Kranz, B., Zengerle, U., Pfoersich, M., Birkenstock, U., Pittenann, E., Heinz, B., Hosten, N., Schörner, W., Kirsch, A., Neumann, K., Felix, R., Humpe, A., Kiss, T., Trümper, L. H., Messner, H. A., Hundt, M., Zielinska-Skowronek, M., Schubert, J., Schmidt, R. E., Huss, R., Storb, R., Deeg, H. J., Issels, R. D., Bosse, D., Abdel-Rahman, S., Jaeger, M., Söhngen, D., Weidmann, E., Schwulera, U., Jakab, I., Fodor, F., Pecze, K., Jaques, G., Schöneberger, H. -J., Wegmann, B., Grüber, A., Bust, K., Pflüger, K. -H., Havemann, K., Faul, C., Wannke, B., Scheurlen, M., Kirchner, M., Dahl, G., Schmits, R., Fohl, C., Kaiser, U., Tuohimaa, P., Wollmer, E., Aumüller, G., Havemann, K., Kolbabek, H., Schölten, C., Popov-Kraupp, B., Emminger, W., Hummel, M., Pawlita, M., v.Kalle, C., Dallenbach, F., Stein, H., Krueger, G. R. F., Müller-Lantzsch, N., Kath, R., Höffken, K., Horn, G., Brockmann, P., Keilholz, U., Stoelben, E., Scheibenbogen, C., Manasterski, M., Tilgen, W., Schlag, P., Görich, J., Kauffmann, G. W., Kempter, B., Rüth, S., Lohse, P., Khalil, R. M., Hültner, L., Mailhammer, R., Luz, A., Hasslinger, M. -A., Omran, S., Dörmer, P., Kienast, J., Kister, K. P., Seifarth, W., Klaassen, U., Werk, S., Reiter, W. W., Klein, G., Beck-Gessert, S., Timpl, R., Hinrichs, H., Lux, E., Döring, G., Scheinichen, D., Döring, G., Wernet, P., Vogeley, K. T., Richartz, G., Südhoff, T., Horstkotte, D., Klocker, J., Trotsenburg, M. v., Schumer, J., Kanatschnig, M., Henning, K., Knauf, W. U., Pottgießer, E., Raghavachar, A., Zeigmeister, B., Bollow, M., Schilling, A., König, H., Koch, M., Volkenandt, M., Seger, Andrea, Banerjee, D., Vogel, J., Bierhoff, E., Heidi, G., Neyses, L., Bertino, J., Kocki, J., Rozynkowa, D. M., M.Rupniewska, Z., Wojcierowski, J., König, V., Hopf, U., Koenigsmann, M., Streit, M., Koeppen, K. M., Martini, I., Poppy, U., Hardel, M., Havemann, K., Havemann, K., Clemm, Ch., Wendt, Th., Gauss, J., Kreienberg, R., Hohenfellner, R., Krieger, O., Istvan, L., Komarnicki, M., Kazmierczak, M., Haertle, D., Korossy, P., Haus, S. Kotlarek, Gabryś, K., Kuliszkiewicz-Janus, M., Krauter, J., Westphal, C., Werner, K., Lang, P., Preissner, K. T., Völler, H., Schröder, K., Uhrig, A., Behles, Ch., Seibt-Jung, H., Besserer, A., Kreutzmann, H., Kröning, H., Kähne, T., Eßbach, U., Kühne, W., Krüger, W. H., Krause, K., Nowicki, B., Stockschläder, M., Peters, S. O., Zander, A. R., Kurowski, V., Schüler, C., Höher, D., Montenarh, M., Lang, W., Schweiger, H., Dölken, Gottfried, Lege, H., Dölken, G., Wex, Th., Frank, K., Hastka, J., Bohrer, M., Leo, R., Peest, D., Tschechne, B., Atzpodien, J., Kirchner, H., Hein, R., Hoffmann, L., Stauch, M., Franks, C. R., Palmer, P. A., Licht, T., Mertelsmann, R., Liersch, T., Vehmeyer, K., Kaboth, U., Maschmeyer, G., Meyer, P., Helmerking, M., Schmitt, J., Adam, D., Prahst, A., Hübner, G., Meisner, M., Seifert, M., Richard, D., Yver, A., Spiekermann, K., Brinkmann, L., Battmer, K., Krainer, M., Löffel, J., Stahl, H., Wust, P., Lübbert, M., Schottelius, A., Mertelsmann, R., Henschler, R., Mertelsmann, R., Mapara, M. Y., Bargou, R., Zugck, C., Krammer, P. H., Dörken, B., Maschek, Hansjörg, Kaloutsi, Vassiliki, Maschek, Hansjörg, Gormitz, Ralf, Meyer, P., Kuntz, B. M. E., Mehl, B., Günther, I., Bülzebruck, H., Menssen, H. D., Mergenthaler, H. -G., Dörmer, P., Heusers, P., Zeller, K. -P., Enzinger, H. M., Neugebauer, T., Klippstein, T., Burkhardt, K. L., Putzicha, E., Möller, Peter, Henne, Christof, Eichelmann, Anette, Brüderlein, Silke, Dhein, Jens, Möstl, M., Krieger, O., Mucke, H., Schinkinger, M., Moiling, J., Daoud, A., Willgeroth, Ch., Mross K., Bewermeier P., Krüger W., Peters S., Berger C., Bohn, C., Edler, L., Jonat, W., Queisser, W., Heidemann, E., Goebel, M., Hamm, K., Markovic-Lipkovski, J., Bitzer, G., Müller, H., Oethinger, M., Grießhammer, M., Tuner, I., Musch E., Malek, M., Peter-Katalinic, J., Hügl, E., Helli, A., Slanicka, M., Filipowicz, A., Nissen, C., Speck, B., Nehls, M. C., Grass, H. -J., Dierbach, H., Mertelsmann, R., Thaller, J., Fiebeler, A., Schmidt, C. A., O'Bryan, J. P., Liu, E., Ritter, M., de Kant, E., Brendel, C., He, M., Dodge, R., George, S., Davey, F., Silver, R., Schiffer, C., Mayer, R., Ball, E., Bloomfield, C., Ramschak, H., Tiran, A., Truschnig-Wilders, M., Nizze, H., Bühring, U., Oelschlägel, U., Jermolow, M., Oertel, J., Weisbach, V., Zingsem, J., Wiens, M., Jessen, J., Osthoff, K., Timm, H., Wilborn, F., Bodak, K., Langmach, K., Bechstein, W., Blumhardt, G., Neuhaus, P., Olek, K., Ottinger, H., Kozole, G., Belka, C., Meusers, P., Hense, J., Papadileris, Stefan, Pasternak, G., Pasternak, L., Karsten, U., Pecherstorfer, M., Zimmer-Roth, I., Poloskey, A., Petrasch, S., Kühnemund, O., Uppenkamp, M., Lütticken, R., Kosco, M., Schmitz, J., Petrides, Petro E., Dittmann, Klaus H., Krieger, O., Pflueger, K. -H., Grueber, A., Schoeneberger, J., Wenzel, E., Havemann, K., Pies, A., Kneba, M., Edel, G., Pohl, S., Bulgay-Mörschel, M., Polzin, R., Issing, W., Clemm, Ch., Schorn, K., Ponta, H., Zöller, M., Hofmann, M., Arch, R., Heider, K. -H., Rudy, W., Tölg, C., Herrlich, P., Prümmer, O., Scherbaum, W. A., Porzsolt, F., Prümmer, O., Krüger, A., Schrezenmeier, H., Schlander, H., Pineo, G., Marin, P., Gluckman, E., Shahidi, N. T., Bacigalupo, A., Ratajczak, M. Z., Gewirtz, A. M., Ratei, R., Borner, K., Bank, U., Bühling, F., Reisbach, G., Bartke, L., Kempkes, B., Kostka, G., Ellwart, X., Birner, A., Bornkamm, G. W., Ullrich, A., Dörmer, P., Henze, G., Parwaresch, R., Müller-Weihrich, S. T., Klingebiel, Th., Odenwald, E., Brandhorst, D., Tsuruo, T., Wetter, O., Renner, C., Pohl, C., Sahin, U., Renner, U., Zeller, K. -P., Repp, R., Valerius, Th., Sendler, A., Kalden, J. R., PIatzer, E., Reuss-Borst, M. A., Bühring, H. J., Reuter, C., der Landwehr, II, U. Auf, der Landwehr, II, U. Auf, Schleyer, E., Rolf, C., Ridwelski, K., Matthias, M., Preiss, R., Riewald, M., Puzo, A., Serke, S., Rohrer, B., Pfeiffer, D., Hepp, H., Romanowski, R., Schött, C., Rüther, U., Rothe, B., Pöllmann, H., Nunnensiek, C., Schöllhammer, T., Ulshöfer, Th., Bader, H., Jipp, P., Müller, H. A. G., Rupp, W., Lüthgens, M., Eisenberger, F., Afflerbach, C., Höller, A., Schwamborn, J. S., Daus, H., Krämer, K., Pees, H., Salat, C., Reinhardt, B., Düll, T., Knabe, H., Hiller, E., Sawinski, K., Schalhorn, A., Kühl, M., Heil, K., Schardt, Ch., Drexler, H. G., Scharf, R. E., Suhijar, D., del Zoppo, G. J., Ruggeri, Z. M., Roll, T., Möhler, T., Giselinger, H., Knäbl, P., Kyrie, P. A., Lazcíka, K., Lechner, X., Scheulen, M. E., Beelen, D. W., Reithmayer, H., Daniels, R., Weiherich, A., Quabeck, K., Schaefer, U. W., Reinhardt J., Grimm M., Unterhalt M., Schliesser, G., Lohmeyer, J., Schlingheider, O., von Eiff, M., Schulze, F., Oehme, C., van de Loo, J., Schlögl E., Bemhart M., Schmeiser, Th., Rozdzinski, E., Kern, W., Reichle, A., Moritz, T., Merk, Bruno, Schmid, R. M., Perkins, N. D., Duckett, C. S., Leung, K., Nabel, G. J., Pawlaczyk-Peter, B., Kellermann-Kegreiß, Schmidt E., Steiert, I., Schmidt-Wolf, G., Schmidt-Wolf, I. G. H., Schlegel, P., Blume, K. G., Chao, N. J., Lefterova, P., Laser, J., Schmitz, G., Rothe, G., Schönfeld, S., Schulz, S., Nyce, J. W., Graf, N., Ludwig, R., Steinhauser, I., Brommer, A. E., Qui, H., Schroeder, M., Grote-Kiehn, J., Bückner, U., Rüger, I., Schröder, J., Meusers, P., Weimar, Ch., Schoch, C., Schröter, G., Stern, H., Buchwald, B., Schick, K., Avril, N., Flierdt, E. v. d., Langhammer, H. R., Pabst, H. W., Alvarado, M., Witte, T., Vogt, H., Schuler, U., Brammer, K., Klann, R. C., Schumm, M., Hahn, J., Günther, W., Wullich, B., Moringlane, J. R., Schöndorf, S., Schwartz, S., Bühring, H. -J., Notter, M., Böttcher, S., Martin, M., Schmid, H., Lübbe, A. S., Leib-Mösch C., Wankmüller, H., Eilbrück, D., Funke, I., Cardoso, M., Duranceyk, H., Seitz, R., Rappe, N., Kraus, H., Egbring, R., Haasberg, M., Havemann, K., Seibach, J., Wollscheid, Ursula, Serke, St., Zimmermann, R., Shirai, T., Umeda, M., Anno, S., Kosuge, T., Katoh, M., Moro, S., Su, C. -Y., Shikoshi, K., Arai, N., Schwieder, G., Silling-Engelhardt, G., Zühlsdorf, M., Aguion-Freire-Innig, E., van de Loo, J., Stockdreher, K., Gatsch, L., Tischler, H. -J., Ringe, B., Diedrich, H., Franzi, A., Kruse, E., Lück, R., Trenn, G., Sykora, J., Wen, T., Fung-Leung, W. P., Mak, T. W., Brady, G., Loke, S., Cossman, J., Gascoyne, R., Mak, T., Urasinski, I., Zdziarska, B., Usnarska-Zubkiewicz, L., Kotlarek-Haus, S., Sciborskl, R., Nowosad, H., Kummer, G., Schleucher, N., Preusser, P., Niebel, W., Achterrath, W., Pott, D., Eigler, F. -W., Venook, A., Stagg, R., Frye, J., Gordon, R., Ring, E., Verschuer, U. v., Baur, F., Heit, W., Corrons, J. L. L. Vives, Vogel, M., Nekarda, H., Remy, W., Bissery, M. C., Aapro, M., Buchwald-Pospiech, A., Kaltwasser, J. P., Jacobi, V., de Vos, Sven, Asano, Yoshinobu, Voss, Harald, Knuth, Alexander, Wiedemann, G., Komischke, B., Horisberger, R., Wussow, P. v., Wanders, L., Senekowitsch, R., Strohmeyer, S., Emmerich, B., Selbach, J., Gutensohn, K., Wacker-Backhaus, G., Winkeimann, M., Send, W., Rösche, J., Weide, R., Parviz, B., Havemann, K., Weidmann, B., Henss, H., Engelhardt, R., Bernards, P., Zeidler, D., Jägerbauer, E., Colajori, E., Kerpel-Fronius, S., Weiss, A., Buchheidt, D., Döring, A., D.Saeger, H., Weissbach, L., Emmler, J., Wermes, R., Meusers, P., Flasshove, M., Skorzec, M., Käding, J., Platow, S., Winkler, Ute, Thorpe, Philip, Winter, S. F., Minna, J. D., Nestor, P. J., Johnson, B. E., Gazdar, A. F., Havemann, K., Carbone, D. P., Wit, M. de, Bittner, S., Hossfeld, D., Wittmann, G., Borchelt, M., Steinhagen-Thiessen, E., Koch, K., Brosch, T., Haas, N., Wölfel, C., Knuth, A., Wölfel, T., Safford, M., Könemann, S., Zurlutter, K., Schreiber, K., Piechotka, K., Drescher, M., Toepker, S., Terstappen, L. W. M. M., Bullerdiek, J., Jox, A., zur Hausen, H., Wolters, B., Stenzinger, W., Woźny, T., Sawiński, K., Kozłowska-Skrzypczak, M., Wussow, P. v., Hochhaus, T., Ansarl, H., Prümmer, O., Zapf, H., Thorban, S., Präuer, H., Zeller, W., Stieglitz, J. v., Dürken, M., Greenshaw, C., Kabisch, H., Reuther, C., Knabbe, C., Lippman, M., Havemann, K., Wellstein, A., Degos, L., Castaigne, S., Fenaux, P., Chomienne, C., Raza, A., Preisler, H. D., PEG Interventional Antimicrobial Strategy Study Group, Interventional Antimicrobial Strategy Study Group of the Paul Ehrlich Society (PEG), and H. Riehm for the BFM study group
- Published
- 1992
- Full Text
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6. Scientific Proceedings Second International Symposium on Cytostatic Drug Resistance
- Author
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Hill, Bridget T., Hosking, L. K., McClean, S., Shellard, S. A., Dempke, W. C. M., Whelan, R. D. H., Sehested, M., Friche, E., Demant, E. J. F., Jensen, P. B., Kopnin, B. P., Wolf, B., Seidel, A., Nickelsen, M., Brandt, I., Heinemann, G., Dietel, M., Bremer, S., Hoof, T., Tümmler, B., Broxterman, H. J., Versantvoort, C. H. M., Kuiper, C. M., Feller, N., Schuurhuis, G. J., Lankelma, J., Gupta, S., Tsuruo, T., Kim, C., Gollapudi, S., Bittl, A., Nap, M., Jäger, W., Lathan, B., Lang, N., Raikhlin, N. T., Perevozchikov, A. G., Volodina, J. L., Licht T., Fiebig H. H., Bross K. J., Herrmann F., Mertelsmann R., Bashir, I., Sikora, K., Foster, C. S., Castagna, M., Viacava, P., Cianfrigliao, M., Favati, A., Collecchi, P., Caligo, M. A., Cipollini, G., Bevilacqua, G., Schrenk, D., Gant, T. W., Silverman, J. A., Thorgeirsson, S. S., Harstrick, A., Zhang, Z. G., Schmoll, H. J., Rustum, Y., Mitze, M., Beck, T., Weikel, W., Brumm, C., Knapstein, P. G., McDonald, T., Gardner, P., Kang, N., van der Heyden, S. A. M., Elst, H. J., Stein, U., Jandrig, B., Krause, H., Schmidt-Peter, P., Frege, J., Wunderlich, V., Boven, E., van Kalken, C. K., Pinedo, H. M., Gebauer, W., Fallgren-Gebauer, E., Diete, M., Wagner, T., Müller, M. R., Lennartz, K., Nowrousian, H. R., Seeber, S., Shtil, A. A., Kazarov, A. R., Gudkov, A. V., Stavrovskaya, A. A., Djuraeva, F. H., Stromskaya, T. P., Noller, A., Frese, G., Neumann, M., Wilisch, A., Probst, H., Gekeler, V., Handgretinger, R., Schmidt, H., Muller, C. P., Dopfer, R., Klingebiel, T., Niethammer, D., Weger, S., Diddens, H., Daumiller, E., Bunge, A., Lilischkis, R., Salmassi, A., Kopun M., Scherthan H., Granzow C., Leuschner, I., Schmidt, D., Hoffmann, H., Harms, D., Scagliotli, G. V., Leonardo, E., Cappia, S., Esposito, G., Tombesi, M., Cianfriglia, M., Esposito, G. V., Merendino, N., Viora, M., Caserta, M., Tritarelli, E., Rocca, E., Boccoli, G., Samoggia, P., Fossati, C., Testa, U., Peschle, C., Darling, J. L., Ashmore, S. M., Peterson, D. C., Thomas, D. G. T., Kramer, R. A., Stanlunas, R., Summerhayes, T., Lion, T., Shoemaker, R. H., Wu, L., Smythe, A., Boyd, M. R., Beck, W. T., Danks, M. K., Wolverton, J. S., Chen, M., Bugg, B. Y., Suttle, D. P., Catapano, C. V., Fernandes, D. J., Gieseler, F., Boege, F., Erttmann, R., Arps, H., Zwelling, L., Wilms, K., Biersack, H., Kaspers, G. J. L., Pieters, R., Klumper, E., de Waal, F. C., van Wering, E. R., Veerman, A. J. P., Schmidt, C. A., Lorenz, F., Schäfer, A., Kirsch, A., Siegert, W., Huhn, D., Simon, W. E., Siebert, G., Schneider, M., Oettling, M., Reymann, A., Entmann, R., Schmidt, S., Woermann, C., Windmeier, C., Herzig, I., Schaefer, B., Heidebrecht, H. J., Wacker, H. H., Künnemann, H., van Heijningen, Th. H. M., Slovak, M. L., Baak, J. P. A., Steidtmann, K., Fichtinger-Schepman, A. -M. J., Hill, B. I., Scanlon, K. J., Zeller, W. J., Chen, G., Gietema, J. A., de Vries, E. G. E, Sleijfer, D.Th, Willemse, P. H. B., Guchelaar, H. J., Uges, D. R. A., Aulenbacher, P., Voegeli, R., Mulder, N. H., Skrezek, C., Bertermann, H., Eichholtz-Wirth, H., Born, R., Bier, H., Koch, M., Bernhardt, G., Hählen, K., Reile, H., van Zantwijk, C. H., Wering, E. R. van, Görögh, T., Lippert, B., Werner, J. A., Eickbohm, J. E., Mickiseh, G. H., Gottesman, M. M., Pastan, I., Hofmann, J., Wolf, A., Spitaler, M., Bock, G., Grunicke, H., Ponstingl, H., Roth, I., Granzow, C., Dörner, C., Erttmann, R., Looft, G., Ossenkoppele, G. J., Scheffer, G. L., Atassi, G., Pierre, A., Kraus, L., Leonce, S., Regnier, G., Dhainaut, A., Ponstingl H., Stöhr M., Rohlff, C., Glazer, R. I., Cho-Chung, Y. S., Höllt, V., Kouba, M., Vogt, G., Allmeier, H., Nissen, N. I., Cros, S., Guilbaud, N., Dunn, T., Berlion, M., Atassi, G., Bizzari, J. P., Messing, A. M., Matuschek, A., Mutter, I., Kiwit, J. C. W., Bastian, L., Goretzki, P. E., Frilling, A., Simon, D., Röher, H. D., Reichle, A., Altmayr, F., Rastetter, J., Erbil, C., Jaques, G., Maasberg, M., Havemann, K., Häußermann, K., Heidebrecht, H. -J., Van de Vrie, W., Gheuens, E. E. O., Durante, N. M. C., De Bruijn, E. A., Marquet, R. L., Van Oosterom, A. T., Eggermont, A. M. M., Stow, M. W., Vickers, S. E., Warr, J. R., Roller, E., Eichelbaum, M., Klumpp, B., Krause, J., Schumacher, K., Hörner, S., Laßmann, A., Traugott, U., Schlick, E., Bürkle, D., Futscher BW, List AF, Dalton WS, Ladda, E., Bühl, K., Weimer, A., Eser, C., Hamprecht, K., Schalk, K. P., Jackisch, C., Brandt, B., Blum, M., Louwen, F., Schulz, K., Hanker, J. P., Rüther, U., Schmidt, A., Müller, H. A. G., Nunnensiek, C., Bader, H., Eisenberger, F., Jipp, P., Niethammer, B., Muller, C., Ling, V., Joncourt, F., Redmond, S., Stöhr, M., Buser, K., Fey, M., Tobler, A., Brunner, K., Gratwohl, A., Cerrry, T., Nuessler, V., Pelka-Fleischer, R., Nerl, C., Beckert, B., Wilmanns, W., Hegewisch-Becker, S., Fliegner, M., Zander, A., Hossfeld, D. K., Blanz, J., Mewes, K., Ehninger, G., Zeller, K. -P., Schuldes, H., Herrmann, G., Boeckmann, W., Schroeder, R., Jonas, D., Zurborn, K. -H., Bruhn, H. D., Uharek, L., Glass, B., Gassmann, W., Loeffler, H., Mueller-Ruohholtz, W., Gassmann W., Glass B., Uharek L., Loeffler H., Mueller-Ruchholtz W., Jaquet, K., Kreipe, H., Felgner, J., Radzun, H. J., Parwaresch, M. R., Kogan EA, Mazurenko NN, Sekamova SM, Wolf, H., Röhe, K., Wilkens, K., Clausen, M., Henze, E., van der Bosch, J., Rüller, S., Schlaak, M., Köhl, U., Schwabe, D., Rohrbach, E., Montag, E., Bauer, S., Cinatl, J., Cinatl, Jr, I., Mainke, M., Geiss, H., Kornhuber, B., Juhl, H., Stritzel, H., Kalhoff, H., Schniegel, W., Menke, T., Pröbsting, B., Schulze-Westhoff, P., Boos, J., Weidner, J., Wedemeyer, N., Wiedorn, K., Ueda, Y., Blasius, S., Wuisman, P., Böcker, W., Roessner, A., Dockhorn-Dworniczak, B., Ramm, D., Knebel, J., Sass, W., Aufderheide, M., and Seifert, J.
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- 1991
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7. New Aspects in the Pharmacokinetics and Metabolism of Mitoxantrone
- Author
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Ehninger, G., primary, Blanz, J., additional, Mewes, K., additional, Proksch, B., additional, Kumbier, I., additional, Schuler, U., additional, and Zeller, K. P., additional
- Published
- 1992
- Full Text
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8. SYK catalytic domain complexed with naphthyridine inhibitor
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Thoma, G., primary, Veenstra, S., additional, Strang, R., additional, Blanz, J., additional, Vangrevelinghe, E., additional, Berghausen, J., additional, Lee, C.C., additional, and Zerwes, H.-G., additional
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Leitzeitverlängerungen in der Hirnstammaudiometrie bei ClC-2 Knockout-Mäusen
- Author
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Muenscher, A, Maier, H, Blanz, J, Schweizer, M, Hübner, C, and Jentsch, T
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ddc: 610 - Published
- 2008
10. Leukoencephalopathy upon disruption of the chloride channel ClC-2
- Author
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Blanz, J., Schweizer, M., Auberson, M., Maier, H., Muenscher, A., Huebner, C.A., and Jentsch, T.J.
- Subjects
urogenital system ,Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases ,Function and Dysfunction of the Nervous System - Abstract
ClC-2 is a broadly expressed plasma membrane chloride channel that is modulated by voltage, cell swelling, and pH. A human mutation leading to a heterozygous loss of ClC-2 has previously been reported to be associated with epilepsy, whereas the disruption of Clcn2 in mice led to testicular and retinal degeneration. We now show that the white matter of the brain and spinal cord of ClC-2 knock-out mice developed widespread vacuolation that progressed with age. Fluid-filled spaces appeared between myelin sheaths of the central but not the peripheral nervous system. Neuronal morphology, in contrast, seemed normal. Except for the previously reported blindness, neurological deficits were mild and included a decreased conduction velocity in neurons of the central auditory pathway. The heterozygous loss of ClC-2 had no detectable functional or morphological consequences. Neither heterozygous nor homozygous ClC-2 knock-out mice had lowered seizure thresholds. Sequencing of a large collection of human DNA and electrophysiological analysis showed that several ClC-2 sequence abnormalities previously found in patients with epilepsy most likely represent innocuous polymorphisms.
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- 2007
11. Enzyme replacement therapy for alpha-mannosidosis:12 months follow-up of a single centre, randomised, multiple dose study
- Author
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Borgwardt, Line Gutte, Dali, Christine I., Fogh, J, Månsson, Joan, Olsen, K J, Beck, Hans Christian, Nielsen, K G, Nielsen, L H, Olsen, S O E, Riise Stensland, H M F, Nilssen, O, Wibrand, F, Thuesen, Anne-Marie, Pearl, T, Haugsted, U, Saftig, P, Blanz, J, Jones, Sheila, Tylki-Szymanska, A, Guffon-Fouiloux, N, Beck, Marie Valentin, Lund, A M, Borgwardt, Line Gutte, Dali, Christine I., Fogh, J, Månsson, Joan, Olsen, K J, Beck, Hans Christian, Nielsen, K G, Nielsen, L H, Olsen, S O E, Riise Stensland, H M F, Nilssen, O, Wibrand, F, Thuesen, Anne-Marie, Pearl, T, Haugsted, U, Saftig, P, Blanz, J, Jones, Sheila, Tylki-Szymanska, A, Guffon-Fouiloux, N, Beck, Marie Valentin, and Lund, A M
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- 2013
12. Leukoencephalopathy upon Disruption of the Chloride Channel ClC-2
- Author
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Blanz, J., primary, Schweizer, M., additional, Auberson, M., additional, Maier, H., additional, Muenscher, A., additional, Hubner, C. A., additional, and Jentsch, T. J., additional
- Published
- 2007
- Full Text
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13. WLC36-3: Selective Virtual Antenna Permutation for Layered OFDM-MIMO Transmission.
- Author
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Byoung-Hoon Kim, Kadous, T., Malladi, D., Sarkar, S., Xiaoxia Zhang, and Blanz, J.
- Published
- 2006
- Full Text
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14. Use of a water-soluble busulfan formulation--pharmacokinetic studies in a canine model
- Author
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Ehninger, G, primary, Schuler, U, additional, Renner, U, additional, Ehrsam, M, additional, Zeller, KP, additional, Blanz, J, additional, Storb, R, additional, and Deeg, HJ, additional
- Published
- 1995
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. Detection and separation of the anthrapyrazole CI-941 and its metabolites in serum and urine by high-performance liquid chromatography
- Author
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Proksch, B., primary, Blanz, J., additional, Zeller, K.-P., additional, and Ehninger, G., additional
- Published
- 1994
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. Performance of a cellular hybrid C/TDMA mobile radio system applying joint detection and coherent receiver antenna diversity
- Author
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Blanz, J., primary, Klein, A., additional, Nasshan, M., additional, and Steil, A., additional
- Published
- 1994
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. Formation of reactive intermediates by cytochrome P-450 mediated oxidation of the anticancer drug mitoxantrone
- Author
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Zeller, K.-P., primary, Mewes, K., additional, Ehninger, G., additional, and Blanz, J., additional
- Published
- 1994
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. Synthesis and structural elucidation of biliary excreted thioether derivatives of mitoxantrone
- Author
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Mewes, K., primary, Blanz, J., additional, Freund, S., additional, Ehninger, G., additional, and Zeller, K.-P, additional
- Published
- 1994
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. Realization of a soft output Viterbi equalizer using field programmable gate arrays.
- Author
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Jung, P. and Blanz, J.
- Published
- 1993
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. Biotransformation of CI-937 in primary cultures of rat hepatocytes. Formation of glutathione conjugates.
- Author
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Renner, U, Blanz, J, Freund, S, Waidelich, D, Ehninger, G, and Zeller, K P
- Abstract
The anticancer drug 7,10-dihydroxy-2-[2-[(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]- ethyl]-5-[[2-(methylamino)ethyl]amino]anthra[1,9-c,d]pyrazole- 6(2H)-one dihydrochloride (CI-937) is 1 of 3 anthrapyrazole derivatives chosen for phase I and phase II clinical trials. Although the chemical structure of CI-937 signals a contribution of redox reactions in the pharmacology of the drug, a study concerning the biotransformation of CI-937 is still missing. Incubations of primary cultures of rat hepatocytes with CI-937 result in the formation of three glutathione conjugates and a glucuronic acid conjugate. The structures of the glutathione conjugates have been established by reference synthesis with activated horseradish peroxidase and HPLC-MS-MS and two-dimensional NMR measurements. The glucuronic acid derivative of CI-937 has been identified by MS. The formation of the glutathione conjugates in cells establishes the ability of the drug to form covalent bonding to intracellular nucleophilic targets. The conjugation with glutathione has been rationalized by oxidative activation of CI-937, yielding an electrophilic intermediate that finally reacts with glutathione.
- Published
- 1995
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- View/download PDF
21. Accumulation of autophagic vacuoles and cardiomyopathy in LAMP-2-deficient mice
- Author
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Tanaka, Y., Guhde, G., Suter, A., Eeva-Liisa Eskelinen, Hartmann, D., Lullmann-Rauch, R., Janssen, P. M. L., Blanz, J., Figura, K., and Saftig, P.
- Subjects
autophagic vacuoles ,cardiomyopathy ,LAMP-2-deficient mice - Abstract
Lysosome-associated membrane protein-2 (LAMP-2) is a highly glycosylated protein and an important constituent of the lysosomal membrane1–7. Here we show that LAMP-2 deficiency in mice increases mortality between 20 and 40 days of age. The surviving mice are fertile and have an almost normal life span. Ultrastructurally, there is extensive accumulation of autophagic vacuoles in many tissues including liver, pancreas, spleen, kidney and skeletal and heart muscle. In hepatocytes, the autophagic degradation of long-lived proteins is severely impaired. Cardiac myocytes are ultrastructurally abnormal and heart contractility is severely reduced. These findings indicate that LAMP-2 is critical for autophagy. This theory is further substantiated by the finding that human LAMP-2 deficiency8 causing Danon’s disease is associated with the accumulation of autophagic material in striated myocytes. peerReviewed
22. Performance of multicarrier joint detection CDMA mobile communications systems
- Author
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Jung, P., primary, Berens, F., additional, Blanz, J., additional, and Plechinger, J., additional
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- View/download PDF
23. Application of turbo-codes to a CDMA mobile radio system using joint detection and antenna diversity.
- Author
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Jung, P., Nasshan, M., and Blanz, J.
- Published
- 1994
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. Performance of multicarrier joint detection CDMA mobile communications systems.
- Author
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Jung, P., Berens, F., Blanz, J., and Plechinger, J.
- Published
- 1997
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. Realistic simulations of CDMA mobile radio systems using joint detection and coherent receiver antenna diversity.
- Author
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Blanz, J., Jung, P., and Nasshan, M.
- Published
- 1994
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. Synthesis and structural elucidation of biliary excreted thioether derivatives of mitoxantrone
- Author
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Ehninger, G., Blanz, J., Zeller, K.-P., Mewes, K., and Freund, S.
- Subjects
CHEMICAL structure - Published
- 1994
27. Flexible shaft for a roof drill
- Author
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Blanz, J
- Published
- 1977
28. Discovery of the Clinical Candidate MAK683: An EED-Directed, Allosteric, and Selective PRC2 Inhibitor for the Treatment of Advanced Malignancies.
- Author
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Huang Y, Sendzik M, Zhang J, Gao Z, Sun Y, Wang L, Gu J, Zhao K, Yu Z, Zhang L, Zhang Q, Blanz J, Chen Z, Dubost V, Fang D, Feng L, Fu X, Kiffe M, Li L, Luo F, Luo X, Mi Y, Mistry P, Pearson D, Piaia A, Scheufler C, Terranova R, Weiss A, Zeng J, Zhang H, Zhang J, Zhao M, Dillon MP, Jeay S, Qi W, Moggs J, Pissot-Soldermann C, Li E, Atadja P, Lingel A, and Oyang C
- Subjects
- Animals, Enzyme Inhibitors, Humans, Methylation, Mice, Polycomb Repressive Complex 2, Histones metabolism, Neoplasms drug therapy
- Abstract
Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 (PRC2) plays an important role in transcriptional regulation during animal development and in cell differentiation, and alteration of PRC2 activity has been associated with cancer. On a molecular level, PRC2 catalyzes methylation of histone H3 lysine 27 (H3K27), resulting in mono-, di-, or trimethylated forms of H3K27, of which the trimethylated form H3K27me3 leads to transcriptional repression of polycomb target genes. Previously, we have shown that binding of the low-molecular-weight compound EED226 to the H3K27me3 binding pocket of the regulatory subunit EED can effectively inhibit PRC2 activity in cells and reduce tumor growth in mouse xenograft models. Here, we report the stepwise optimization of the tool compound EED226 toward the potent and selective EED inhibitor MAK683 (compound 22 ) and its subsequent preclinical characterization. Based on a balanced PK/PD profile, efficacy, and mitigated risk of forming reactive metabolites, MAK683 has been selected for clinical development.
- Published
- 2022
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- View/download PDF
29. Preclinical pharmacokinetics and metabolism of MAK683, a clinical stage selective oral embryonic ectoderm development (EED) inhibitor for cancer treatment.
- Author
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Zhang JYJ, Zhang J, Kiffe M, Walles M, Jin Y, Blanz J, Dayer J, Sanchez A, Zhang C, Zhang L, Huang Y, and Oyang C
- Subjects
- Animals, Dogs, Hepatocytes metabolism, Macaca fascicularis, Mice, Microsomes, Liver metabolism, Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 metabolism, Rats, Ectoderm, Neoplasms
- Abstract
MAK683 ( N -((5-fluoro-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-4-yl)methyl)-8-(2-methylpyridin-3-yl)-[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3- c ]pyrimidin-5-amine) is a potent and orally bioavailable EED inhibitor for the potential treatment in oncology. Pharmacokinetics (PK) in preclinical species are characterised by low to moderate plasma clearances, high oral exposure, and moderate to high oral bioavailability at the dose of 1-2 mg/kg.A species comparison of the metabolic pathways of MAK683 has been made using [
14 C]MAK683 incubations with liver microsomes and hepatocytes from rat, dog, cynomolgus monkey, and human. Overall, the in vitro hepatic metabolism pathway of MAK683 in all five species was very complex. A total of 60 metabolites with 19 metabolites >1.5% of the total integrated area in the radiochromatogram of at least one species were identified in five species (rat, mouse, dog, monkey, and human).The primary in vitro hepatic oxidative metabolism pathway identified in humans involved 2-hydroxylation of the dihydrofuran ring to form alcohol (M28), which was in a chemical equilibrium favouring the formation of its aldehyde form. The aldehyde was then oxidised to the carboxylic acid metabolite (M26) or reduced to the O -hydroxyethylphenol (M29). N-dealkylation (M1), 3-hydroxylation of the dihydrofuran ring (M27), N-oxidation of the pyridine moiety (M53), and sulphate conjugation of M28 to form M19 were also important biotransformation pathways in human hepatocytes. The above major human hepatic metabolic pathways were also observed across the animal species (rat, mouse, dog, and monkey) mostly providing precursors for the formation of other metabolites via further oxygenation, glucuronidation, and sulphation pathways.No human-specific metabolites were observed. In addition, in vivo biotransformation was also conducted in bile-duct cannulated (BDC) rat. The metabolism in BDC rat was similar to those observed the in vitro hepatocytes.- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Genetic LAMP2 deficiency accelerates the age-associated formation of basal laminar deposits in the retina.
- Author
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Notomi S, Ishihara K, Efstathiou NE, Lee JJ, Hisatomi T, Tachibana T, Konstantinou EK, Ueta T, Murakami Y, Maidana DE, Ikeda Y, Kume S, Terasaki H, Sonoda S, Blanz J, Young L, Sakamoto T, Sonoda KH, Saftig P, Ishibashi T, Miller JW, Kroemer G, and Vavvas DG
- Subjects
- Aging pathology, Animals, Bruch Membrane pathology, Exocytosis, Humans, Lysosomal-Associated Membrane Protein 2 metabolism, Lysosomes metabolism, Macular Degeneration genetics, Macular Degeneration metabolism, Mice, Mice, Knockout, Phagocytosis, Retinal Pigment Epithelium metabolism, Aging genetics, Basement Membrane pathology, Lysosomal-Associated Membrane Protein 2 genetics, Retina pathology
- Abstract
The early stages of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) are characterized by the accumulation of basal laminar deposits (BLamDs). The mechanism for BLamDs accumulating between the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and its basal lamina remains elusive. Here we examined the role in AMD of lysosome-associated membrane protein-2 (LAMP2), a glycoprotein that plays a critical role in lysosomal biogenesis and maturation of autophagosomes/phagosomes. LAMP2 was preferentially expressed by RPE cells, and its expression declined with age. Deletion of the Lamp2 gene in mice resulted in age-dependent autofluorescence abnormalities of the fundus, thickening of Bruch's membrane, and the formation of BLamDs, resembling histopathological changes occurring in AMD. Moreover, LAMP2-deficient mice developed molecular signatures similar to those found in human AMD-namely, the accumulation of APOE, APOA1, clusterin, and vitronectin-adjacent to BLamDs. In contrast, collagen 4, laminin, and fibronectin, which are extracellular matrix proteins constituting RPE basal lamina and Bruch's membrane were reduced in Lamp2 knockout (KO) mice. Mechanistically, retarded phagocytic degradation of photoreceptor outer segments compromised lysosomal degradation and increased exocytosis in LAMP2-deficient RPE cells. The accumulation of BLamDs observed in LAMP2-deficient mice was eventually followed by loss of the RPE and photoreceptors. Finally, we observed loss of LAMP2 expression along with ultramicroscopic features of abnormal phagocytosis and exocytosis in eyes from AMD patients but not from control individuals. Taken together, these results indicate an important role for LAMP2 in RPE function in health and disease, suggesting that LAMP2 reduction may contribute to the formation of BLamDs in AMD., Competing Interests: The authors declare no competing interest., (Copyright © 2019 the Author(s). Published by PNAS.)
- Published
- 2019
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- View/download PDF
31. Long-term enzyme replacement therapy improves neurocognitive functioning and hippocampal synaptic plasticity in immune-tolerant alpha-mannosidosis mice.
- Author
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Stroobants S, Damme M, Van der Jeugd A, Vermaercke B, Andersson C, Fogh J, Saftig P, Blanz J, and D'Hooge R
- Subjects
- Animals, Cognition physiology, Disease Models, Animal, Disks Large Homolog 4 Protein metabolism, Female, Hippocampus pathology, Hippocampus physiopathology, Humans, Male, Maze Learning drug effects, Maze Learning physiology, Mice, Knockout, Neuronal Plasticity physiology, Recombinant Proteins administration & dosage, Spatial Memory drug effects, Spatial Memory physiology, Synapses pathology, Synapses physiology, Time Factors, alpha-Mannosidase administration & dosage, alpha-Mannosidase deficiency, alpha-Mannosidase genetics, alpha-Mannosidosis pathology, alpha-Mannosidosis physiopathology, Cognition drug effects, Enzyme Replacement Therapy, Hippocampus drug effects, Neuronal Plasticity drug effects, Synapses drug effects, alpha-Mannosidosis drug therapy
- Abstract
Alpha-mannosidosis is a glycoproteinosis caused by deficiency of lysosomal acid alpha-mannosidase (LAMAN), which markedly affects neurons of the central nervous system (CNS), and causes pathognomonic intellectual dysfunction in the clinical condition. Cognitive improvement consequently remains a major therapeutic objective in research on this devastating genetic error. Immune-tolerant LAMAN knockout mice were developed to evaluate the effects of enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) by prolonged administration of recombinant human enzyme. Biochemical evidence suggested that hippocampus may be one of the brain structures that benefits most from long-term ERT. In the present functional study, ERT was initiated in 2-month-old immune-tolerant alpha-mannosidosis mice and continued for 9months. During the course of treatment, mice were trained in the Morris water maze task to assess spatial-cognitive performance, which was related to synaptic plasticity recordings and hippocampal histopathology. Long-term ERT reduced primary substrate storage and neuroinflammation in hippocampus, and improved spatial learning after mid-term (10weeks+) and long-term (30weeks+) treatment. Long-term treatment substantially improved the spatial-cognitive abilities of alpha-mannosidosis mice, whereas the effects of mid-term treatment were more modest. Detailed analyses of spatial memory and spatial-cognitive performance indicated that even prolonged ERT did not restore higher cognitive abilities to the level of healthy mice. However, it did demonstrate marked therapeutic effects that coincided with increased synaptic connectivity, reflected by improvements in hippocampal CA3-CA1 long-term potentiation (LTP), expression of postsynaptic marker PSD-95 as well as postsynaptic density morphology. These experiments indicate that long-term ERT may hold promise, not only for the somatic defects of alpha-mannosidosis, but also to alleviate cognitive impairments of the disorder., (Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. Dopamine oxidation mediates mitochondrial and lysosomal dysfunction in Parkinson's disease.
- Author
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Burbulla LF, Song P, Mazzulli JR, Zampese E, Wong YC, Jeon S, Santos DP, Blanz J, Obermaier CD, Strojny C, Savas JN, Kiskinis E, Zhuang X, Krüger R, Surmeier DJ, and Krainc D
- Subjects
- Animals, Antioxidants pharmacology, Calcineurin Inhibitors pharmacology, Cell Line, Disease Models, Animal, Glucosylceramidase deficiency, Humans, Melanins metabolism, Mesencephalon enzymology, Mesencephalon metabolism, Mice, Mice, Knockout, Mitochondria drug effects, Mitochondria enzymology, Oxidation-Reduction, Parkinson Disease enzymology, Parkinson Disease genetics, Protein Deglycase DJ-1 genetics, Substantia Nigra enzymology, Substantia Nigra metabolism, Tacrolimus pharmacology, alpha-Synuclein metabolism, Dopamine metabolism, Dopaminergic Neurons metabolism, Lysosomes metabolism, Mitochondria metabolism, Oxidative Stress drug effects, Parkinson Disease metabolism
- Abstract
Mitochondrial and lysosomal dysfunction have been implicated in substantia nigra dopaminergic neurodegeneration in Parkinson's disease (PD), but how these pathways are linked in human neurons remains unclear. Here we studied dopaminergic neurons derived from patients with idiopathic and familial PD. We identified a time-dependent pathological cascade beginning with mitochondrial oxidant stress leading to oxidized dopamine accumulation and ultimately resulting in reduced glucocerebrosidase enzymatic activity, lysosomal dysfunction, and α-synuclein accumulation. This toxic cascade was observed in human, but not in mouse, PD neurons at least in part because of species-specific differences in dopamine metabolism. Increasing dopamine synthesis or α-synuclein amounts in mouse midbrain neurons recapitulated pathological phenotypes observed in human neurons. Thus, dopamine oxidation represents an important link between mitochondrial and lysosomal dysfunction in PD pathogenesis., (Copyright © 2017 The Authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science. No claim to original U.S. Government Works.)
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Discovery of CDZ173 (Leniolisib), Representing a Structurally Novel Class of PI3K Delta-Selective Inhibitors.
- Author
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Hoegenauer K, Soldermann N, Zécri F, Strang RS, Graveleau N, Wolf RM, Cooke NG, Smith AB, Hollingworth GJ, Blanz J, Gutmann S, Rummel G, Littlewood-Evans A, and Burkhart C
- Abstract
The predominant expression of phosphoinositide 3-kinase δ (PI3Kδ) in leukocytes and its critical role in B and T cell functions led to the hypothesis that selective inhibitors of this isoform would have potential as therapeutics for the treatment of allergic and inflammatory disease. Targeting specifically PI3Kδ should avoid potential side effects associated with the ubiquitously expressed PI3Kα and β isoforms. We disclose how morphing the heterocyclic core of previously discovered 4,6-diaryl quinazolines to a significantly less lipophilic 5,6,7,8-tetrahydropyrido[4,3- d ]pyrimidine, followed by replacement of one of the phenyl groups with a pyrrolidine-3-amine, led to a compound series with an optimal on-target profile and good ADME properties. A final lipophilicity adjustment led to the discovery of CDZ173 (leniolisib), a potent PI3Kδ selective inhibitor with suitable properties and efficacy for clinical development as an anti-inflammatory therapeutic. In vitro , CDZ173 inhibits a large spectrum of immune cell functions, as demonstrated in B and T cells, neutrophils, monocytes, basophils, plasmocytoid dendritic cells, and mast cells. In vivo , CDZ173 inhibits B cell activation in rats and monkeys in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. After prophylactic or therapeutic dosing, CDZ173 potently inhibited antigen-specific antibody production and reduced disease symptoms in a rat collagen-induced arthritis model. Structurally, CDZ173 differs significantly from the first generation of PI3Kδ and PI3Kγδ-selective clinical compounds. Therefore, CDZ173 could differentiate by a more favorable safety profile. CDZ173 is currently in clinical studies in patients suffering from primary Sjögren's syndrome and in APDS/PASLI, a disease caused by gain-of-function mutations of PI3Kδ.
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. Peroxisomal dysfunctions cause lysosomal storage and axonal Kv1 channel redistribution in peripheral neuropathy.
- Author
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Kleinecke S, Richert S, de Hoz L, Brügger B, Kungl T, Asadollahi E, Quintes S, Blanz J, McGonigal R, Naseri K, Sereda MW, Sachsenheimer T, Lüchtenborg C, Möbius W, Willison H, Baes M, Nave KA, and Kassmann CM
- Subjects
- Adrenoleukodystrophy pathology, Animals, Axons ultrastructure, Disease Models, Animal, Humans, Mice, Microscopy, Electron, Peroxisome-Targeting Signal 1 Receptor deficiency, Axons enzymology, Lipid Metabolism, Lysosomes metabolism, Neuroglia metabolism, Peripheral Nervous System Diseases physiopathology, Peroxisomes metabolism, Potassium Channels, Voltage-Gated analysis
- Abstract
Impairment of peripheral nerve function is frequent in neurometabolic diseases, but mechanistically not well understood. Here, we report a novel disease mechanism and the finding that glial lipid metabolism is critical for axon function, independent of myelin itself. Surprisingly, nerves of Schwann cell-specific Pex5 mutant mice were unaltered regarding axon numbers, axonal calibers, and myelin sheath thickness by electron microscopy. In search for a molecular mechanism, we revealed enhanced abundance and internodal expression of axonal membrane proteins normally restricted to juxtaparanodal lipid-rafts. Gangliosides were altered and enriched within an expanded lysosomal compartment of paranodal loops. We revealed the same pathological features in a mouse model of human Adrenomyeloneuropathy, preceding disease-onset by one year. Thus, peroxisomal dysfunction causes secondary failure of local lysosomes, thereby impairing the turnover of gangliosides in myelin. This reveals a new aspect of axon-glia interactions, with Schwann cell lipid metabolism regulating the anchorage of juxtaparanodal K
v 1-channels.- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Effect of an interactive cardiopulmonary resuscitation assist device with an automated external defibrillator synchronised with a ventilator on the CPR performance of emergency medical service staff: a randomised simulation study.
- Author
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Nitzschke R, Doehn C, Kersten JF, Blanz J, Kalwa TJ, Scotti NA, and Kubitz JC
- Subjects
- Adult, Algorithms, Cross-Over Studies, Female, Humans, Male, Manikins, Masks, Prospective Studies, Young Adult, Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation instrumentation, Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation standards, Defibrillators, Emergency Medical Services standards, Simulation Training standards, Ventilators, Mechanical
- Abstract
Background: The present study evaluates whether the quality of advanced cardiac life support (ALS) is improved with an interactive prototype assist device. This device consists of an automated external defibrillator linked to a ventilator and provides synchronised visual and acoustic instructions for guidance through the ALS algorithm and assistance for face-mask ventilations., Methods: We compared the cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) quality of emergency medical system (EMS) staff members using the study device or standard equipment in a mannequin simulation study with a prospective, controlled, randomised cross-over study design. Main outcome was the effect of the study device compared to the standard equipment and the effect of the number of prior ALS trainings of the EMS staff on the CPR quality. Data were analysed using analyses of covariance (ANCOVA) and binary logistic regression, accounting for the study design., Results: In 106 simulations of 56 two-person rescuer teams, the mean hands-off time was 24.5% with study equipment and 23.5% with standard equipment (Difference 1.0% (95% CI: -0.4 to 2.5%); p = 0.156). With both types of equipment, the hands-off time decreased with an increasing cumulative number of previous CPR trainings (p = 0.042). The study equipment reduced the mean time until administration of adrenaline (epinephrine) by 23 s (p = 0.003) and that of amiodarone by 17 s (p = 0.016). It also increased the mean number of changes in the person doing chest compressions (0.6 per simulation; p < 0.001) and decreased the mean number of chest compressions (2.8 per minute; p = 0.022) and the mean number of ventilations (1.8 per minute; p < 0.001). The chance of administering amiodarone at the appropriate time was higher, with an odds ratio of 4.15, with the use of the study equipment CPR.com compared to the standard equipment (p = 0.004). With an increasing number of prior CPR trainings, the time intervals in the ALS algorithm until the defibrillations decreased with standard equipment but increased with the study device., Conclusions: EMS staff with limited training in CPR profit from guidance through the ALS algorithm by the study device. However, the study device somehow reduced the ALS quality of well-trained rescuers and thus can only be recommended for ALS provider with limited experience.
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. Evaluation of relative MS response factors of drug metabolites for semi-quantitative assessment of chemical liabilities in drug discovery.
- Author
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Blanz J, Williams G, Dayer J, Délémonté T, Gertsch W, Ramstein P, Aichholz R, Trunzer M, and Pearson D
- Subjects
- Biotransformation, Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid methods, Databases, Pharmaceutical, Humans, Mass Spectrometry methods, Metabolome, Pharmaceutical Preparations chemistry, Drug Discovery methods, Pharmaceutical Preparations metabolism
- Abstract
Drug metabolism studies are performed in drug discovery to identify metabolic soft spots, detect potentially toxic or reactive metabolites and provide an early insight into potential species differences. The relative peak area approach is often used to semi-quantitatively estimate the abundance of metabolites. Differences in the liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry responses result in an underestimation or overestimation of the metabolite and misinterpretation of results. The relative MS response factors (RF) of 132 structurally diverse drug candidates and their 233 corresponding metabolites were evaluated using a capillary-liquid chromatography/high-resolution mass spectrometry system. All of the synthesized metabolites discussed here were previously identified as key biotransformation products in discovery investigations or predicted to be formed. The most commonly occurring biotransformation mechanisms such as oxygenation, dealkylation and amide cleavage are represented within this dataset. However, relatively few phase II metabolites were evaluated because of the limited availability of authentic standards. Approximately 85% of these metabolites had a relative RF in the range between 0.2 (fivefold under-prediction) and 2.0 (twofold over-prediction), and the median MS RF was 0.6. Exceptions to this included very small metabolites that were hardly detectable. Additional experiments performed to understand the impact of the MS platform, flow rate and concentration suggested that these parameters do not have a significant impact on the RF of the compounds tested. This indicates that the use of relative peak areas to semi-quantitatively estimate the abundance of metabolites is justified in the drug discovery setting in order to guide medicinal chemistry efforts. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., (Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.)
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. Sequestration of cholesterol within the host late endocytic pathway restricts liver-stage Plasmodium development.
- Author
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Petersen W, Stenzel W, Silvie O, Blanz J, Saftig P, Matuschewski K, and Ingmundson A
- Subjects
- Androstenes pharmacology, Animals, Cholesterol metabolism, Liver metabolism, Lysosomal-Associated Membrane Protein 1 metabolism, Lysosomal-Associated Membrane Protein 2 metabolism, Lysosomal Membrane Proteins metabolism, Membrane Proteins metabolism, Niemann-Pick Disease, Type C, Parasites, Plasmodium berghei metabolism, Endosomes metabolism, Lysosomes metabolism, Plasmodium berghei growth & development
- Abstract
While lysosomes are degradative compartments and one of the defenses against invading pathogens, they are also hubs of metabolic activity. Late endocytic compartments accumulate around Plasmodium berghei liver-stage parasites during development, and whether this is a host defense strategy or active recruitment by the parasites is unknown. In support of the latter hypothesis, we observed that the recruitment of host late endosomes (LEs) and lysosomes is reduced in uis4
- parasites, which lack a parasitophorous vacuole membrane protein and arrest during liver-stage development. Analysis of parasite development in host cells deficient for late endosomal or lysosomal proteins revealed that the Niemann-Pick type C (NPC) proteins, which are involved in cholesterol export from LEs, and the lysosome-associated membrane proteins (LAMP) 1 and 2 are important for robust liver-stage P. berghei growth. Using the compound U18666A, which leads to cholesterol sequestration in LEs similar to that seen in NPC- and LAMP-deficient cells, we show that the restriction of parasite growth depends on cholesterol sequestration and that targeting this process can reduce parasite burden in vivo. Taken together, these data reveal that proper LE and lysosome function positively contributes to liver-stage Plasmodium development., (© 2017 Petersen et al. This article is distributed by The American Society for Cell Biology under license from the author(s). Two months after publication it is available to the public under an Attribution–Noncommercial–Share Alike 3.0 Unported Creative Commons License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0).)- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. Parkinson's disease: acid-glucocerebrosidase activity and alpha-synuclein clearance.
- Author
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Blanz J and Saftig P
- Subjects
- Animals, Enzyme Activation physiology, Humans, Lysosomes metabolism, Parkinson Disease pathology, Glucosylceramidase metabolism, Metabolic Clearance Rate physiology, Parkinson Disease enzymology, alpha-Synuclein metabolism
- Abstract
The role of mutations in the gene GBA1 encoding the lysosomal hydrolase β-glucocerebrosidase for the development of synucleinopathies, such as Parkinson's disease and dementia with Lewy bodies, was only very recently uncovered. The knowledge obtained from the study of carriers or patients suffering from Gaucher disease (a common lysosomal storage disorder because of GBA1 mutations) is of particular importance for understanding the role of the enzyme and its catabolic pathway in the development of synucleinopathies. Decreased activity of β-glucocerebrosidase leads to lysosomal dysfunction and the accumulation of its substrate glucosylceramide and related lipid derivatives. Glucosylceramide is suggested to stabilize toxic oligomeric forms of α-synuclein that negatively influence the activity of β-glucocerebrosidase and to partially block export of newly synthesized β-glucocerebrosidase from the endoplasmic reticulum to late endocytic compartments, amplifying the pathological effects of α-synuclein and ultimately resulting in neuronal cell death. This pathogenic molecular feedback loop and most likely other factors (such as impaired endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation, activation of the unfolded protein response and dysregulation of calcium homeostasis induced by misfolded GC mutants) are involved in shifting the cellular homeostasis from monomeric α-synuclein towards oligomeric neurotoxic and aggregated forms, which contribute to Parkinson's disease progression. From a therapeutic point of view, strategies aiming to increase either the expression, stability or delivery of the β-glucocerebrosidase to lysosomes are likely to decrease the α-synuclein burden and may be useful for an in depth evaluation at the organismal level. Lysosomes are critical for protein and lipid homeostasis. Recent research revealed that dysfunction of this organelle contributes to the development of neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease (PD). Mutations in the lysosomal hydrolase β-glucocerebrosidase (GBA1) are a major risk factor for the development of PD and the molecular events linked to the reduced activity of GBA1 and the pathological accumulation of lipids and α-synuclein are just at the beginning to be understood. New therapeutic concepts in regards to how to increase the expression, stability, or delivery of β-glucocerebrosidase to lysosomes are currently developed. This article is part of a special issue on Parkinson disease., (© 2016 International Society for Neurochemistry.)
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Increasing metabolic stability via the deuterium kinetic isotope effect: An example from a proline-amide-urea aminothiazole series of phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase alpha inhibitors.
- Author
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Fairhurst RA, Caravatti G, Guagnano V, Aichholz R, Blanz J, Blasco F, Wipfli P, Fritsch C, Maira SM, Schnell C, and Seiler FH
- Subjects
- Amides chemistry, Animals, Biological Availability, Class I Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases, Enzyme Inhibitors metabolism, Enzyme Inhibitors pharmacokinetics, Kinetics, Phosphoinositide-3 Kinase Inhibitors, Proline chemistry, Rats, Thiazoles chemistry, Urea chemistry, Deuterium metabolism, Enzyme Inhibitors pharmacology, Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases metabolism
- Abstract
In vitro metabolic identification studies with a PI3K-α inhibitor lead molecule 1 identified a single predominant site of oxidative metabolism to be occurring within a tert.butyl moiety. Modification of the tert.butyl group within the lead molecule 1, to the corresponding d9-tert.butyl analogue 2, led to an increase in both the in vitro and in vivo metabolic stability. This increase in metabolic stability resulted in a 2-fold increase in the oral bioavailability measured in the rat, and a 3-fold increase in potency in a chronic in vivo study in the mouse, for 2 when compared to 1., (Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2016
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40. Discovery of Imidazoquinolines as a Novel Class of Potent, Selective, and in Vivo Efficacious Cancer Osaka Thyroid (COT) Kinase Inhibitors.
- Author
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Glatthar R, Stojanovic A, Troxler T, Mattes H, Möbitz H, Beerli R, Blanz J, Gassmann E, Drückes P, Fendrich G, Gutmann S, Martiny-Baron G, Spence F, Hornfeld J, Peel JE, and Sparrer H
- Subjects
- Animals, Crystallography, X-Ray, Dogs, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Humans, Imidazoles chemical synthesis, Imidazoles chemistry, MAP Kinase Kinase Kinases metabolism, Male, Models, Molecular, Molecular Structure, Protein Kinase Inhibitors chemical synthesis, Protein Kinase Inhibitors chemistry, Proto-Oncogene Proteins metabolism, Quinolines chemical synthesis, Quinolines chemistry, Rats, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Structure-Activity Relationship, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha antagonists & inhibitors, Drug Discovery, Imidazoles pharmacology, MAP Kinase Kinase Kinases antagonists & inhibitors, Protein Kinase Inhibitors pharmacology, Proto-Oncogene Proteins antagonists & inhibitors, Quinolines pharmacology
- Abstract
Cancer Osaka thyroid (COT) kinase is an important regulator of pro-inflammatory cytokines in macrophages. Thus, pharmacologic inhibition of COT should be a valid approach to therapeutically intervene in the pathogenesis of macrophage-driven inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis. We report the discovery and chemical optimization of a novel series of COT kinase inhibitors, with unprecedented nanomolar potency for the inhibition of TNFα. Pharmacological profiling in vivo revealed a high metabolism of these compounds in rats which was demonstrated to be predominantly attributed to aldehyde oxidase. Due to the very low activity of hepatic AO in the dog, the selected candidate 32 displayed significant blood exposure in dogs which resulted in a clear prevention of inflammation-driven lameness. Taken together, the described compounds both potently and selectively inhibit COT kinase in primary human cells and ameliorate inflammatory pathologies in vivo, supporting the notion that COT is an appropriate therapeutic target for inflammatory diseases.
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Discovery and Pharmacological Characterization of Novel Quinazoline-Based PI3K Delta-Selective Inhibitors.
- Author
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Hoegenauer K, Soldermann N, Stauffer F, Furet P, Graveleau N, Smith AB, Hebach C, Hollingworth GJ, Lewis I, Gutmann S, Rummel G, Knapp M, Wolf RM, Blanz J, Feifel R, Burkhart C, and Zécri F
- Abstract
Inhibition of the lipid kinase PI3Kδ is a promising principle to treat B and T cell driven inflammatory diseases. Using a scaffold deconstruction-reconstruction strategy, we identified 4-aryl quinazolines that were optimized into potent PI3Kδ isoform selective analogues with good pharmacokinetic properties. With compound 11, we illustrate that biochemical PI3Kδ inhibition translates into modulation of isoform-dependent immune cell function (human, rat, and mouse). After oral administration of compound 11 to rats, proximal PD markers are inhibited, and dose-dependent efficacy in a mechanistic plaque forming cell assay could be demonstrated.
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
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42. Characterization of the complex formed by β-glucocerebrosidase and the lysosomal integral membrane protein type-2.
- Author
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Zunke F, Andresen L, Wesseler S, Groth J, Arnold P, Rothaug M, Mazzulli JR, Krainc D, Blanz J, Saftig P, and Schwake M
- Subjects
- Amino Acid Motifs physiology, Animals, Binding Sites, COS Cells, Cell Line, Chlorocebus aethiops, Crystallography, X-Ray, Glucosylceramidase genetics, Humans, Lysosomal-Associated Membrane Protein 2 genetics, Mice, Protein Binding, Protein Structure, Tertiary, Glucosylceramidase metabolism, Lysosomal-Associated Membrane Protein 2 metabolism, Lysosomes metabolism
- Abstract
The lysosomal integral membrane protein type-2 (LIMP-2) plays a pivotal role in the delivery of β-glucocerebrosidase (GC) to lysosomes. Mutations in GC result in Gaucher's disease (GD) and are the major genetic risk factor for the development of Parkinson's disease (PD). Variants in the LIMP-2 gene cause action myoclonus-renal failure syndrome and also have been linked to PD. Given the importance of GC and LIMP-2 in disease pathogenesis, we studied their interaction sites in more detail. Our previous data demonstrated that the crystal structure of LIMP-2 displays a hydrophobic three-helix bundle composed of helices 4, 5, and 7, of which helix 5 and 7 are important for ligand binding. Here, we identified a similar helical motif in GC through surface potential analysis. Coimmunoprecipitation and immunofluorescence studies revealed a triple-helical interface region within GC as critical for LIMP-2 binding and lysosomal transport. Based on these findings, we generated a LIMP-2 helix 5-derived peptide that precipitated and activated recombinant wild-type and GD-associated N370S mutant GC in vitro. The helix 5 peptide fused to a cell-penetrating peptide also activated endogenous lysosomal GC and reduced α-synuclein levels, suggesting that LIMP-2-derived peptides can be used to activate endogenous as well as recombinant wild-type or mutant GC efficiently. Our data also provide a structural model of the LIMP-2/GC complex that will facilitate the development of GC chaperones and activators as potential therapeutics for GD, PD, and related synucleinopathies.
- Published
- 2016
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43. Lysosome associated membrane proteins maintain pancreatic acinar cell homeostasis: LAMP-2 deficient mice develop pancreatitis.
- Author
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Mareninova OA, Sendler M, Malla SR, Yakubov I, French SW, Tokhtaeva E, Vagin O, Oorschot V, Lüllmann-Rauch R, Blanz J, Dawson D, Klumperman J, Lerch MM, Mayerle J, Gukovsky I, and Gukovskaya AS
- Abstract
Background & Aims: The pathogenic mechanism of pancreatitis is poorly understood. Recent evidence implicates defective autophagy in pancreatitis responses; however, the pathways mediating impaired autophagy in pancreas remain largely unknown. Here, we investigate the role of lysosome associated membrane proteins (LAMPs) in pancreatitis., Methods: We analyzed changes in LAMPs in experimental models and human pancreatitis, and the underlying mechanisms: LAMP de-glycosylation and degradation. LAMP cleavage by cathepsin B (CatB) was analyzed by mass spectrometry. We used mice deficient in LAMP-2 to assess its role in pancreatitis., Results: Pancreatic levels of LAMP-1 and LAMP-2 greatly decrease across various pancreatitis models and in human disease. Pancreatitis does not trigger LAMPs' bulk de-glycosylation, but induces their degradation via CatB-mediated cleavage of LAMP molecule close to the boundary between luminal and transmembrane domains. LAMP-2 null mice spontaneously develop pancreatitis that begins with acinar cell vacuolization due to impaired autophagic flux, and progresses to severe pancreas damage characterized by trypsinogen activation, macrophage-driven inflammation, and acinar cell death. LAMP-2 deficiency causes a decrease in pancreatic digestive enzymes content, stimulates the basal and inhibits CCK-induced amylase secretion by acinar cells. The effects of LAMP-2 knockout and acute cerulein pancreatitis overlap, which corroborates the pathogenic role of LAMP decrease in experimental pancreatitis models., Conclusions: The results indicate a critical role for LAMPs, particularly LAMP-2, in maintaining pancreatic acinar cell homeostasis, and provide evidence that defective lysosomal function, resulting in impaired autophagy, leads to pancreatitis. Mice with LAMP-2 deficiency present a novel genetic model of human pancreatitis caused by lysosomal/autophagic dysfunction., Competing Interests: : The authors disclose no conflicts
- Published
- 2015
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44. Orally bioavailable Syk inhibitors with activity in a rat PK/PD model.
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Thoma G, Veenstra S, Strang R, Blanz J, Vangrevelinghe E, Berghausen J, Lee CC, and Zerwes HG
- Subjects
- Administration, Oral, Animals, Biological Availability, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins metabolism, Microsomes, Liver drug effects, Microsomes, Liver metabolism, Models, Molecular, Molecular Structure, Protein Kinase Inhibitors chemistry, Protein-Tyrosine Kinases metabolism, Rats, Rats, Inbred Lew, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Structure-Activity Relationship, Syk Kinase, Thiazoles administration & dosage, Thiazoles chemistry, Disease Models, Animal, Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins antagonists & inhibitors, Protein Kinase Inhibitors administration & dosage, Protein Kinase Inhibitors pharmacology, Protein-Tyrosine Kinases antagonists & inhibitors, Thiazoles pharmacology
- Abstract
Design and optimization of benzo- and pyrido-thiazoles/isothiazoles are reported leading to the discovery of the potent, orally bioavailable Syk inhibitor 5, which was found to be active in a rat PK/PD model. Compound 5 showed acceptable overall kinase selectivity. However, in addition to Syk it also inhibited Aurora kinase in enzymatic and cellular settings leading to findings in the micronucleus assay. As a consequence, compound 5 was not further pursued., (Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2015
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45. Mannose 6-phosphate-independent Lysosomal Sorting of LIMP-2.
- Author
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Blanz J, Zunke F, Markmann S, Damme M, Braulke T, Saftig P, and Schwake M
- Subjects
- Animals, Fibroblasts metabolism, Fibroblasts physiology, Glucosylceramidase metabolism, Mice, Transferases (Other Substituted Phosphate Groups) metabolism, CD36 Antigens metabolism, Lysosomal Membrane Proteins metabolism, Mannosephosphates metabolism, Microsomes, Liver metabolism, Protein Transport physiology
- Abstract
The lysosomal integral membrane protein type 2 (LIMP-2/SCARB2) has been described as a mannose 6-phosphate (M6P)-independent trafficking receptor for β-glucocerebrosidase (GC). Recently, a putative M6P residue in a crystal structure of a recombinantly expressed LIMP-2 ectodomain has been reported. Based on surface plasmon resonance and fluorescence lifetime imaging analyses, it was suggested that the interaction of soluble LIMP-2 with the cation-independent M6P receptor (MPR) results in M6P-dependent targeting of LIMP-2 to lysosomes. As the physiological relevance of this observation was not addressed, we investigated M6P-dependent delivery of LIMP-2 to lysosomes in murine liver and mouse embryonic fibroblasts. We demonstrate that LIMP-2 and GC reach lysosomes independent of the M6P pathway. In fibroblasts lacking either MPRs or the M6P-forming N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc)-1-phosphotransferase, LIMP-2 still localizes to lysosomes. Immunoblot analyses also revealed comparable LIMP-2 levels within lysosomes purified from liver of wild-type (wt) and GlcNAc-1-phosphotransferase-defective mice. Heterologous expression of the luminal domain of LIMP-2 in wild-type, LIMP-2-deficient and GlcNAc-1-phosphotransferase-defective cells further established that the M6P modification is dispensable for lysosomal sorting of LIMP-2. Finally, cathepsin Z, a known GlcNAc-1-phosphotransferase substrate, but not LIMP-2, could be precipitated with M6P-specific antibodies. These data prove M6P-independent lysosomal sorting of LIMP-2 and subsequently GC in vivo., (© 2015 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
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46. Chronic enzyme replacement therapy ameliorates neuropathology in alpha-mannosidosis mice.
- Author
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Damme M, Stroobants S, Lüdemann M, Rothaug M, Lüllmann-Rauch R, Beck HC, Ericsson A, Andersson C, Fogh J, D'Hooge R, Saftig P, and Blanz J
- Abstract
Objective: The lysosomal storage disease alpha-mannosidosis is caused by the deficiency of the lysosomal acid hydrolase alpha-mannosidase (LAMAN) leading to lysosomal accumulation of neutral mannose-linked oligosaccharides throughout the body, including the brain. Clinical findings in alpha-mannosidosis include skeletal malformations, intellectual disabilities and hearing impairment. To date, no curative treatment is available. We previously developed a beneficial enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) regimen for alpha-mannosidase knockout mice, a valid mouse model for the human disease. However, humoral immune responses against the injected recombinant human alpha-mannosidase (rhLAMAN) precluded long-term studies and chronic treatment., Methods: Here, we describe the generation of an immune-tolerant alpha-mannosidosis mouse model that allowed chronic injection of rhLAMAN by transgenic expression of a catalytically inactive variant of human LAMAN in the knockout background., Results: Chronic ERT of rhLAMAN revealed pronounced effects on primary substrate storage throughout the brain, normalization of lysosomal enzyme activities and morphology as well as a decrease in microglia activation. The positive effect of long-term ERT on neuronal lysosomal function was reflected by an improvement of cognitive deficits and exploratory activity. in vivo and in vitro uptake measurements indicate rapid clearance of rhLAMAN from circulation and a broad uptake into different cell types of the nervous system., Interpretation: Our data contribute to the understanding of neurological disorders treatment by demonstrating that lysosomal enzymes such as rhLAMAN can penetrate into the brain and is able to ameliorate neuropathology.
- Published
- 2015
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47. Identification and optimisation of 4,5-dihydrobenzo[1,2-d:3,4-d]bisthiazole and 4,5-dihydrothiazolo[4,5-h]quinazoline series of selective phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase alpha inhibitors.
- Author
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Fairhurst RA, Gerspacher M, Imbach-Weese P, Mah R, Caravatti G, Furet P, Fritsch C, Schnell C, Blanz J, Blasco F, Desrayaud S, Guthy DA, Knapp M, Arz D, Wirth J, Roehn-Carnemolla E, and Luu VH
- Subjects
- Animals, Caco-2 Cells, Class I Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases, Female, Humans, Mice, Nude, Models, Molecular, Neoplasms drug therapy, Neoplasms enzymology, Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases chemistry, Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases metabolism, Protein Kinase Inhibitors pharmacokinetics, Protein Kinase Inhibitors therapeutic use, Quinazolines pharmacokinetics, Quinazolines therapeutic use, Structure-Activity Relationship, Thiazoles pharmacokinetics, Thiazoles therapeutic use, Phosphoinositide-3 Kinase Inhibitors, Protein Kinase Inhibitors chemistry, Protein Kinase Inhibitors pharmacology, Quinazolines chemistry, Quinazolines pharmacology, Thiazoles chemistry, Thiazoles pharmacology
- Abstract
A cyclisation within a 4',5-bisthiazole (S)-proline-amide-urea series of selective PI3Kα inhibitors led to a novel 4,5-dihydrobenzo[1,2-d:3,4-d]bisthiazole tricyclic sub-series. The synthesis and optimisation of this 4,5-dihydrobenzo[1,2-d:3,4-d]bisthiazole sub-series and the expansion to a related tricyclic 4,5-dihydrothiazolo[4,5-h]quinazoline sub-series are described. From this work analogues including 11, 12, 19 and 23 were identified as potent and selective PI3Kα inhibitor in vivo tool compounds., (Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2015
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48. Micropreparative isolation and NMR structure elucidation of metabolites of the drug candidate 1-isopropyl-4-(4-isopropylphenyl)-6-(prop-2-yn-1-yloxy) quinazolin-2(1H)-one from rat bile and urine.
- Author
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Blanz J, Délémonté T, Pearson D, Luneau A, Ritzau M, Gertsch W, Ramstein P, Dayer J, Desrayaud S, Braun E, and Aichholz R
- Subjects
- Animals, Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid, Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, Male, Mass Spectrometry, Molecular Structure, Quinazolines isolation & purification, Quinazolines urine, Rats, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Solid Phase Extraction, Bile metabolism, Quinazolines chemistry, Quinazolines metabolism
- Abstract
LC-MS based drug metabolism studies are effective in the optimization stage of drug discovery for rapid partial structure identification of metabolites. However, these studies usually do not provide unambiguous structural characterization of all metabolites, due to the limitations of MS-based structure identification. LC-MS-SPE-NMR is a technique that allows complete structure identification, but is difficult to apply to complex in vivo samples (such as bile collected during in vivo drug metabolism studies) due to the presence, at high concentrations, of interfering endogenous components, and potentially also dosage excipient components (e.g. polyethylene glycols). Here, we describe the isolation and structure characterization of seven metabolites of the drug development candidate 1-isopropyl-4-(4-isopropylphenyl)-6-(prop-2-yn-1-yloxy) quinazolin-2(1H)-one from a routine metabolism study in a bile-duct cannulated rat by LC-MS-SPE. The metabolites were isolated from bile and urine by repeated automatic trapping of the chromatographic peak of each metabolite on separate Oasis HLB SPE columns. The micropreparative HPLC/MS was performed on an XBridge BEH130 C18 HPLC column using aqueous formic acid/acetonitrile/methanol as mobile phase for the gradient elution. Mass spectrometric detection was performed on a LTQ XL linear ion trap mass spectrometer using electrospray ionization. Desorption of each metabolite was performed after the separation sequence. NMR spectra ((1)H, (13)C, 2D ROESY, HSQC and HMBC were measured on a Bruker AVANCE III spectrometer (600 MHz proton frequency) equipped with a 1.7 mm (1)H{(13)C,(15)N} Bruker Biospin's TCI MicroCryoProbe™., (Copyright © 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Discovery and profiling of a selective and efficacious Syk inhibitor.
- Author
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Thoma G, Smith AB, van Eis MJ, Vangrevelinghe E, Blanz J, Aichholz R, Littlewood-Evans A, Lee CC, Liu H, and Zerwes HG
- Subjects
- Animals, Arthritis, Experimental chemically induced, Collagen, Disease Models, Animal, Dogs, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Female, Humans, Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins blood, Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins metabolism, Liver drug effects, Mice, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Models, Molecular, Molecular Conformation, Protein Kinase Inhibitors administration & dosage, Protein Kinase Inhibitors adverse effects, Protein Kinase Inhibitors chemistry, Protein-Tyrosine Kinases blood, Protein-Tyrosine Kinases metabolism, Rats, Rats, Inbred Lew, Structure-Activity Relationship, Syk Kinase, Arthritis, Experimental drug therapy, Drug Discovery, Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins antagonists & inhibitors, Protein Kinase Inhibitors pharmacology, Protein-Tyrosine Kinases antagonists & inhibitors
- Abstract
We describe the discovery of selective and potent Syk inhibitor 11, which exhibited favorable PK profiles in rat and dog and was found to be active in a collagen-induced arthritis model in rats. Compound 11 was selected for further profiling, but, unfortunately, in GLP toxicological studies it showed liver findings in rat and dog. Nevertheless, 11 could become a valuable tool compound to investigate the rich biology of Syk in vitro and in vivo.
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
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50. Lysosomal integral membrane protein type-2 (LIMP-2/SCARB2) is a substrate of cathepsin-F, a cysteine protease mutated in type-B-Kufs-disease.
- Author
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Peters J, Rittger A, Weisner R, Knabbe J, Zunke F, Rothaug M, Damme M, Berkovic SF, Blanz J, Saftig P, and Schwake M
- Subjects
- Animals, CD36 Antigens chemistry, CD36 Antigens genetics, CD36 Antigens metabolism, Cell Line, HEK293 Cells, Humans, Lysosomal Membrane Proteins chemistry, Lysosomal Membrane Proteins genetics, Lysosomes metabolism, Mice, Models, Molecular, Protein Conformation, Protein Structure, Secondary, Proteolysis, Receptors, Scavenger chemistry, Receptors, Scavenger genetics, Recombinant Proteins genetics, Recombinant Proteins metabolism, Substrate Specificity, Cathepsin F genetics, Cathepsin F metabolism, Lysosomal Membrane Proteins metabolism, Mutant Proteins genetics, Mutant Proteins metabolism, Neuronal Ceroid-Lipofuscinoses genetics, Neuronal Ceroid-Lipofuscinoses metabolism, Receptors, Scavenger metabolism
- Abstract
The lysosomal integral membrane protein type-2 (LIMP-2/SCARB2) has been identified as a receptor for enterovirus 71 uptake and mannose-6-phosphate-independent lysosomal trafficking of the acid hydrolase β-glucocerebrosidase. Here we show that LIMP-2 undergoes proteolytic cleavage mediated by lysosomal cysteine proteases. Heterologous expression and in vitro studies suggest that cathepsin-F is mainly responsible for the lysosomal processing of wild-type LIMP-2. Furthermore, examination of purified lysosomes revealed that LIMP-2 undergoes proteolysis in vivo. Mutations in the gene encoding cathepsin-F (CTSF) have recently been associated with type-B-Kufs-disease, an adult form of neuronal ceroid-lipofuscinosis. In this study we show that disease-causing cathepsin-F mutants fail to cleave LIMP-2. Our findings provide evidence that LIMP-2 represents an in vivo substrate of cathepsin-F with relevance for understanding the pathophysiology of type-B-Kufs-disease., (Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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