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Cases of blood cysts of the spleen are extremely rare on the operating table (Finkelstein could collect only 28 such cases from the literature), even more rare on the sectional table (only 3 cases in Finkelstein) and exquisite-rare, in the order of correct preliminary recognition.

Blood cysts of the heart are unusual primary cardiac tumor-like masses, which are usually located on the cardiac valves. These are very rare in adults, especially in a non-valvular location. Autosomal-dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) typically presents with multiple bilateral renal cysts, resulting in chronic kidney disease. Whilst many of the extra-renal manifestations of ADPKD are well-documented, associated cardiac masses are extremely rare: and cardiac blood cyst has not been reported in a patient with APKD to date. We present a 57-year man with a history of ADPKD and end-stage renal disease with a 2-cm-diameter right ventricular blood cyst, which was detected on multimodality imaging. Key words: Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease, Cardiac blood cyst, Extra-renal manifestations.

Cardiac blood cysts are very rare in adults. Their etiology, pathogenesis, and optimal management remain unclear. We report a case of a large left atrial cystic mass with clinical and imaging characteristics of a blood cyst that vanished between chest CT angiogram and trans-esophageal echocardiogram examinations done 2 days apart, without embolic phenomena. This patient likely had a blood cyst that spontaneously ruptured. This case is unusual since we did not find a case published in the English literature of a spontaneously ruptured blood cyst.

Introducao Os cistos sanguineos no coracao sao frequentemente reconhecidos como benignos. Geralmente nao causam sintomas clinicos e sao frequentemente encontrados em bebes menores de dois meses. Na maioria dos casos, os cistos sanguineos estao nas valvulas cardiacas ou suas estruturas de suporte. Os cistos cardiacos em adultos sao extremamente raros, especialmente nas câmaras do coracao. Aqui, relatamos um caso de doenca cardiaca valvular complicada com um cisto sanguineo no atrio direito. As ecocardiografias transtoracica, de contraste e esofagica foram utilizadas [...]

Blood cysts are rare cardiac tumors. Although it is considered a benign pathology, it can also be associated with embolic events. We report 42-year-old woman who admitted to our clinic with the palpitation and dyspnea on exertion. Apical diastolic murmur was present in physical examination. On echocardiography mitral valve posterior leaflet had a typical 'domed' appearance in diastole while anterior leaflet was restricted in motion with a fibrocystic formation on the ventricular side, causing mild to moderate mitral stenosis. We decided medical follow-up with the patient choice and we have been following for two years without any complications.

Among benign cardiac tumors, cardiac blood cysts are rare. These congenital lesions may develop in any heart’s cavities and they are not often seen in adults. The present article is a report of a right atrium blood cyst and calcified kernel in an adult case.

Blood cysts are benign, congenital tumours of the heart endothelium, found most commonly on heart valves. Adult cases are rare, since most spontaneously regress with age. However, reports of symptomatic cases with embolic phenomena and valve dysfunction have been described. We present a case of a previously healthy 44-year-old woman with no cardiovascular risk factors who developed acute myocardial infarction caused by coronary artery embolism from a blood cyst of the anterior mitral valve leaflet.

Blood cysts in the heart are often incidentally found during post-mortem examinations in infants, and usually do not cause clinical symptoms. They almost always regress spontaneously, and only a few cases of embolization or valvular dysfunction have been reported previously. We report a 62-year-old man who presented with chest discomfort and dyspnea on exertion for several years, and was found to have a dynamic murmur in left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) on physical examination. His echocardiogram demonstrated two large blood cysts attached to the subvalvular apparatus of mitral valve, causing significant LVOT obstruction and mild to moderate mitral regurgitation. The cysts were surgically excised and pathology confirmed simple blood cysts. .

Cardiac blood cysts are rare with most cases stemming from the pediatric population. The few case reports in adults have not generated clear guidelines regarding management. The finding of a cardiac mass engenders a broad differential including primary cardiac benign tumors, malignant tumors both primary and metastatic, as well as infectious processes in addition to blood cysts. The clinical context, imaging results, and potential for complications must be taken into account when making diagnostic and treatment decisions. We present, to our knowledge, the first case of a giant cardiac blood cyst resected in an adult with a history of tuberculosis.

The most common endocardial disease in cattle is bacterial endocarditis. The diagnosis of the disease in living animals is mainly based on clinical findings and echocardiographic detection of an irregularly thickened valve. Despite its presumed good sensitivity, little is known on the specificity of transthoracic echocardiography with regards to endocarditis. This case report describes the echocardiographic findings in a dairy cow diagnosed with a chronic inflammatory process, liver and splenic abscesses and tricuspid valve blood cysts that can be mistaken for bacterial endocarditis, thus emphasizing the need to improve antemortem diagnostic tools for endocarditis in cattle.

Blood cysts are exceedingly rare benign cardiac tumors, generally involving the cardiac valves. They are found mainly in the first month of life and in children and are very uncommon in adults. We present a rare case of double right atrium blood cysts, incidentally detected by transthoracic echocardiography in an 85-year old patient.

The female neonate, 27 days, 53 cm, 3450 g, was found dead in early morning hours. Baby was healthy, well nourished, and not neglected, up to the day before when she started to cough and scheduled for next-day regular pediatrician visit. Due to unexpected death, the autopsy was performed. Multiple oval, blood cysts, up to 0.5 cm, were found on the free valvular margins of the mitral valve, tricuspid valve, and aortic valve. The blood cysts were unilocular, filled with blood, and lined with flattened endothelial cells. The surrounding stroma was slightly edematous but without myxoid changes.

Two-dimensional transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiography have become important modalities in the evaluation of the mechanism of symptomatic mitral regurgitation. We report the use of echocardiography in the detection of an unusual cause of mitral regurgitation, that of multiple large blood cysts involving the posterior leaflet of the mitral valve.

Blood cysts within the heart are very rare entities in adults. The authors present possibly the first ever case in which blood cysts were found on both mitral valve leaflets. A 65-year-old woman was referred for transthoracic echocardiography because of vague chest discomfort. Transthoracic echocardiography displayed echo-free cysts on the tips of both mitral valve leaflets. Subsequent transesophageal echocardiography confirmed this finding. The blood cysts were successfully surgically removed.

Thirty cases of orbital lymphangioma were reviewed. Clinical, imaging, and microscopic findings were integrated to develop a pathophysiologic construct and management guidelines. The basic lesion might be considered an abortive vascular system which arborizes among normal structures. Intrinsic hemorrhage expands portions of the small-caliber network into large blood cysts, prompting clinical recognition. While major hemorrhage led to early surgery in 12 cases, long pretreatment intervals could be analyzed in 17 others. Twelve patients had second hemorrhages of varied magnitude, from 2 weeks to 15 years after initial recognition; five patients did not in an average of 6.8 years. Some blood cysts contracted spontaneously. Among 23 operated cases, 12 patients had major new bleeds from 4 days to 12 years after initial surgery; 11 patients did not in an average of 4.2 years. Poor final visual acuity was associated with multiple surgeries. The authors advocate conservatism in surgical case selection and in operative dissection.

Blood cysts of the heart, benign cardiovascular tumors, are extremely rare in adults. Our literature search found fewer than 20 such cases that have been reported in the past 30 years, all of which involved either the cardiac valves or the left ventricle. This case report describes a 72-year-old man with a right atrial tumor that was found to be a simple blood cyst.

Blood cysts of the heart in adults are extremely rare, and their origin is usually from the valvular apparatus. However, a case was encountered of a blood cyst originating from the right atrial septum of a 59-year-old woman. Furthermore the cyst contained calcium stone. The cyst with the stone was successfully excised. Neither situation has been reported previously in the literature.

Blood cysts of the heart are rare benign tumors, usually involving the cardiac valves. They are found mainly in the first month of life and in children; and are rarely seen in adults. Here, we report a case of a blood cyst on the subvalvular apparatus of the mitral valve, which was incidentally discovered during chest computed tomography in a 47-year-old man. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case of blood cyst of the heart in an adult in Korea.

Summary 1. Epithelium-lined blood cysts of the ovary occur as two principal varieties: the large (usually single) tarry luteal cysts and the multiple small cysts. 2. The multiple small cysts (often referred to as endometriomata) are shown to be derived from tlie follicles of the ovary either by way of the atretic follicles or corpora luten. 3. The epithelium arises as an incidental phenomenon in the retro-gression of follicular or luteal blood cysts.

1. The treatment of two haemophilic patients with cystic haematoma by radical surgical excision is described. 2. Details are given of their management after operation with the successful use of animal and human antihaemophilic globulin to control bleeding. 3. The literature of cystic haematoma in haemophilia is briefly reviewed and the seriousness of this condition stressed.

1. The hook worm of man—both the Old and New World types—contains a weak hemolytic agent active in vitro. It is soluble in salt solution, is easily destroyed by heat and acts slowly. 2. The hemolysin is present in all parts of the worm and probably is associated with the intestinal tract. 3. The hook worm of the dog contains a similar hemolysin. 4. These hemolysins are not specific, but will act on human blood as well as on that of the dog and rat. They are only demonstrable in concentrated extracts. 5. Concentrated extracts of the human whip worm may be hemolytic to some bloods. 6. The round worm of man contains no hemolytic principle in any part of its body. 7. It seems very unlikely that this weak hemolysin found in the hook worm can have any relation to the anemia of uncinariasis. 8. Study of the "blood cysts" in the human intestine shows that the hook worm may live in a small amount of the host's blood for days without causing any marked hemolysis.

Congenital blood cysts of the heart valves are found most commonly on the tricuspid and mitral valves of fetuses and infants. Hearts available following 38 random autopsies of fetuses and infants 2 years of age or younger were examined. Blood cysts were found in 18 cases (47 per cent) in which ages ranged from 26 weeks of gestation to 11 months. The cysts varied in diameter, from microscopic to 3 mm. Affected valves had from one to 20 cysts. Light microscopic examination of serially sectioned paraffin-embedded tissue and plastic-embedded tissue and scanning electron microscopic examination revealed connections between the cyst lumens and ventricles via small endothelium-lined channels. The cyst structure suggested formation from ventricular endothelial infoldings in the valve leaflet base, which bulged into the atrium because of the pressure gradient present during valve closure. Blood cysts are a common finding in neonates dying of various causes and probably have no clinical significance. There is no association with asphyxia as previously described. Blood cysts may persist and enlarge to form giant cysts of the heart valves.

Fifty-eight major surgical procedures were performed in 38 patients with von Willebrand's disease (VWD), one of the most common of the inheritable hemorrhagic disorders. Specific treatment with fraction I-0, (AHF-Kabi) in addition to a fibrinolytic inhibitor, was given to all patients. The effect of the treatment was checked by measuring the Duke bleeding time and factor VIII:C level. A marked difference between hemophilia and VWD from a surgical point of view is demonstrated. While most of the surgery in hemophiliacs is performed for severe joint deformities, contractures and blood cysts, surgery in VWD is mostly general surgery, often necessitated by massive hemorrhages from mucous membranes.

A report of three cases of this condition, with discussion of its pathology and treatment. This is a paper presented to the Section on Ophthalmology of the American Medical Association, June 14th, 1918, and published here through the courtesy of the Journal of the American Medical Association.

BLOOD cysts of the cardiac valves are rare in adults but have been reported as a moderately frequent post-mortem finding in infants below the age of six months.1 They are usually found on the mitral and tricuspid valves along the atrial surfaces, but also occur less commonly on the ventricular surfaces of the semilunar valves near the attachment of the cusps.2 Appearing as small, reddish nodules, 1 to 2 mm., they contain blood within a sac lined by endothelial cells.2 , 3 Although they have usually been described as post-mortem curiosities, they may, on rare occasions, cause a heart murmur.3 A few . . .

The incidence of blood-filled cysts in the valvular cusps of a large series of calf and cattle hearts has been investigated and the results have been compared with previous reports. Two distinct types of cyst were discovered. One variety is common, being small, often multiple, unilocular, and situated at the closing edge of the valves. The other type is comparatively rare and is large and solitary. It lies near the base of the valve and is multilocular. The possible aetiology of these different lesions is evaluated.

The literature on blood cysts of the ovary presents a fascinating study, particularly the literature of recent years, and especially that relating to the tarry and the chocolate cysts. The greatest debate has been waged concerning the cysts that have an epithelial lining. In 1899, Russell1described an ovarian cyst and said that it arose from an aberrant remnant of Muller's duct. In 1905, Pick2reported a case of adenoma endometrioides ovarii. Since then considerable interest has been taken in these structures. In 1917, Blair Bell3suggested the term endometrioma, and Sampson has since used the term endometriosis. In 1920, Sampson4gave his classic description of the "perforating chocolate cysts" of the ovary. He suggested that they arose by the transplantation of pieces of uterine mucosa through the fallopian tubes on to the surface of the ovary, where they grew and developed. During the last decade

This report concerns the unusual occurrence of copious hemorrhage into the breast without antecedent trauma, tumor or other local disease. Reference to the condition cannot be found in the literature. Hemorrhage into cysts of the parenchymatous tissue of the breast does occur, and blood cysts associated with papillomas have been reported. Even such lesions, however, are uncommon. In this case a large series of microscopic sections failed to reveal any pathologic changes suggesting tumor, and trauma seemed to be ruled out by the fact that the lesion appeared while the patient was in bed, convalescing from a light case of bronchopneumonia. REPORT OF CASE History. —Mrs. M. B., aged 55, a widow and the mother of three children, was referred to me by her physician, Dr. D. C. Dennett of Winchester, Mass., because of a discolored mass that appeared in the left breast during the course of convalescence from a

Splenic cysts, unaccompanied by cystic formation in other structures, do not often occur. The classes found are: 1, Dermoid cysts, one of this type being reported by Andral; 2, simple, serous, or blood cysts, of which a few cases have been reported; 3, echinococcus cysts. Although the latter usually occur in association with similar cysts in other organs, there are reported, according to Coen, as quoted by Douglas, 61 cases of solitary splenic cysts, although the spleen is involved in only from 1 to 3 per cent. of human echinococcus. The etiology of cysts of the spleen in the case of dermoids and echinococcus may be summarily dismissed with the statement that it is the same as in other structures. Simple serous or blood cysts are of more interest. They are called by the last name of the three by certain authors from the fact that they are all thought