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1. Feasibility and Utility of a Flexible Outcome Assessment Battery for Longitudinal Traumatic Brain Injury Research: A TRACK-TBI Study.

Author

Bodien, Yelena, Barber, Jason, Taylor, Sabrina, Boase, Kim, Corrigan, John, Dikmen, Sureyya, Gardner, Raquel, Kramer, Joel, Levin, Harvey, Machamer, Joan, McAllister, Thomas, Nelson, Lindsay, Ngwenya, Laura, Sherer, Mark, Stein, Murray, Vassar, Mary, Whyte, John, Temkin, Nancy, Giacino, Joseph, Markowitz, Amy, McCrea, Michael, Manley, Geoff, and Yue, John

Subjects
assessment, feasibility, outcome assessment, traumatic brain injury, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Feasibility Studies, Brain Injuries, Traumatic, Outcome Assessment, Health Care, Glasgow Outcome Scale
Abstract

The effects of traumatic brain injury (TBI) are difficult to measure in longitudinal cohort studies, because disparate pre-injury characteristics and injury mechanisms produce variable impairment profiles and recovery trajectories. In preparation for the Transforming Research and Clinical Knowledge in TBI (TRACK-TBI) study, which followed patients with injuries ranging from uncomplicated mild TBI to coma, we designed a multi-dimensional Flexible outcome Assessment Battery (FAB). The FAB relies on a decision-making algorithm that assigns participants to a Comprehensive (CAB) or Abbreviated Assessment Battery (AAB) and guides test selection across all phases of recovery. To assess feasibility of the FAB, we calculated the proportion of participants followed at 2 weeks (2w) and at 3, 6, and 12 months (3m, 6m, 12m) post-injury who completed the FAB and received valid scores. We evaluated utility of the FAB by examining differences in 6m and 12m Glasgow Outcome Scale-Extended (GOSE) scores between participant subgroups derived from the FAB-enabled versus traditional approach to outcome assessment applied at 2w. Among participants followed at 2w (n = 2094), 3m (n = 1871), 6m (n = 1736), and 12m (n = 1607) post-injury, 95-99% received valid completion scores on the FAB, in full or in part, either in person or by telephone. Level of function assessed by the FAB-enabled approach at 2w was associated with 6m and 12m GOSE scores (proportional odds p

Published
2023

2. Risk Factors for High Symptom Burden Three Months after Traumatic Brain Injury and Implications for Clinical Trial Design: A Transforming Research and Clinical Knowledge in Traumatic Brain Injury Study.

Author

Temkin, Nancy, Machamer, Joan, Dikmen, Sureyya, Nelson, Lindsay, Barber, Jason, Hwang, Phillip, Boase, Kim, Stein, Murray, Sun, Xiaoying, Giacino, Joseph, McCrea, Michael, Taylor, Sabrina, Jain, Sonia, and Manley, Geoff

Subjects
TBI, clinical trials, post-concussion symptoms, prognosis, risk factors, sample enrichment, Humans, Brain Concussion, Brain Injuries, Traumatic, Risk Factors, Trauma Centers, United States, Clinical Trials as Topic
Abstract

More than 75% of patients presenting to level I trauma centers in the United States with suspicion of TBI sufficient to require a clinical computed tomography scan report injury-related symptoms 3 months later. There are currently no approved treatments, and few clinical trials have evaluated possible treatments. Efficient trials will require subject inclusion and exclusion criteria that balance cost-effective recruitment with enrolling individuals with a higher chance of benefiting from the interventions. Using data from the Transforming Research and Clinical Knowledge in Traumatic Brain Injury (TRACK-TBI) study, we examined the relationship of 3-month symptoms to pre-injury, demographic, and acute characteristics as well as 2-week symptoms and blood-based biomarkers to identify and evaluate factors that may be used for sample enrichment for clinical trials. Many of the risk factors for TBI symptoms reported in the literature were supported, but the effect sizes of each were small or moderate (< 0.5). The only factors with large effect sizes when predicting 3-month symptom burden were TBI-related (i.e., post-concussive) and post-traumatic stress symptom levels at 2 weeks (respective effect sizes 1.13 and 1.34). TBI severity was not significantly associated with 3-month symptom burden (p = 0.37). Using simulated data to evaluate the effect of enrichment, we showed that including only people with high symptom burden at 2 weeks would permit trials to reduce the sample size by half, with minimal increase in screening, as compared with enrolling an unenriched sample. Clinical trials aimed at reducing symptoms after TBI can be efficiently conducted by enriching the included sample with people reporting a high early symptom burden.

Published
2022

3. Diffusion Tensor Imaging Reveals Elevated Diffusivity of White Matter Microstructure that Is Independently Associated with Long-Term Outcome after Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: A TRACK-TBI Study

Author

Palacios, Eva M, Yuh, Esther L, Donald, Christine L Mac, Bourla, Ioanna, Wren-Jarvis, Jamie, Sun, Xiaoying, Vassar, Mary J, Diaz-Arrastia, Ramon, Giacino, Joseph T, Okonkwo, David O, Robertson, Claudia S, Stein, Murray B, Temkin, Nancy, McCrea, Michael A, Levin, Harvey S, Markowitz, Amy J, Jain, Sonia, Manley, Geoffrey T, Mukherjee, Pratik, Adeoye, Opeolu, Badjatia, Neeraj, Boase, Kim, Barber, Jason, Bodien, Yelena, Bullock, M Ross, Chesnut, Randall, Corrigan, John D, Crawford, Karen, Dikmen, Sureyya, Duhaime, Ann-Christine, Ellenbogen, Richard, Feeser, V Ramana, Ferguson, Adam R, Foreman, Brandon, Gardner, Raquel, Gaudette, Etienne, Goldman, Dana, Gonzalez, Luis, Gopinath, Shankar, Gullapalli, Rao, Hemphill, J Claude, Hotz, Gillian, Keene, C Dirk, Korley, Frederick K, Kramer, Joel, Kreitzer, Natalie, Lindsell, Chris, Machamer, Joan, Madden, Christopher, Martin, Alastair, McAllister, Thomas, Merchant, Randall, Nelson, Lindsay, Ngwenya, Laura B, Noel, Florence, Nolan, Amber, Perl, Daniel, Puccio, Ava, Rabinowitz, Miri, Rosand, Jonathan, Sander, Angelle, Satris, Gabriella, Schnyer, David, Seabury, Seth, Sherer, Mark, Taylor, Sabrina, Toga, Arthur, Valadka, Alex, Vespa, Paul, Wang, Kevin, Yue, John K, and Zafonte, Ross

Subjects
Traumatic Head and Spine Injury, Neurosciences, Clinical Research, Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI), Physical Injury - Accidents and Adverse Effects, Brain Disorders, Biomedical Imaging, Injuries and accidents, Neurological, Adolescent, Adult, Brain, Brain Concussion, Brain Injuries, Traumatic, Cohort Studies, Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Diffusion Tensor Imaging, Humans, Middle Aged, White Matter, Young Adult, concussion, diffusion tensor imaging, Glasgow Outcome Scale, MRI, traumatic brain injury, TRACK-TBI Investigators, Clinical Sciences, Neurology & Neurosurgery
Abstract

Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) literature on single-center studies contains conflicting results regarding acute effects of mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) on white matter (WM) microstructure and the prognostic significance. This larger-scale multi-center DTI study aimed to determine how acute mTBI affects WM microstructure over time and how early WM changes affect long-term outcome. From Transforming Research and Clinical Knowledge in Traumatic Brain Injury (TRACK-TBI), a cohort study at 11 United States level 1 trauma centers, a total of 391 patients with acute mTBI ages 17 to 60 years were included and studied at two weeks and six months post-injury. Demographically matched friends or family of the participants were the control group (n = 148). Axial diffusivity (AD), fractional anisotropy (FA), mean diffusivity (MD), and radial diffusivity (RD) were the measures of WM microstructure. The primary outcome was the Glasgow Outcome Scale Extended (GOSE) score of injury-related functional limitations across broad life domains at six months post-injury. The AD, MD, and RD were higher and FA was lower in mTBI versus friend control (FC) at both two weeks and six months post-injury throughout most major WM tracts of the cerebral hemispheres. In the mTBI group, AD and, to a lesser extent, MD decreased in WM from two weeks to six months post-injury. At two weeks post-injury, global WM AD and MD were both independently associated with six-month incomplete recovery (GOSE

Published
2022

4. Genetic vulnerability and adverse mental health outcomes following mild traumatic brain injury: a meta-analysis of CENTER-TBI and TRACK-TBI cohorts

Author

Ackerlund, Cecilia, Adams, Hadie, Amrein, Krisztina, Andelic, Nada, Andreassen, Lasse, Anke, Audny, Antoni, Anna, Audibert, Gérard, Azouvi, Philippe, Azzolini, Maria Luisa, Bartels, Ronald, Barzó, Pál, Beauvais, Romuald, Beer, Ronny, Bellander, Bo-Michael, Belli, Antonio, Benali, Habib, Berardino, Maurizio, Beretta, Luigi, Blaabjerg, Morten, Bragge, Peter, Brazinova, Alexandra, Brinck, Vibeke, Brooker, Joanne, Brorsson, Camilla, Buki, Andras, Bullinger, Monika, Cabeleira, Manuel, Caccioppola, Alessio, Calappi, Emiliana, Calvi, Maria Rosa, Cameron, Peter, Lozano, Guillermo Carbayo, Carbonara, Marco, Castaño-León, Ana M., Cavallo, Simona, Chevallard, Giorgio, Chieregato, Arturo, Citerio, Giuseppe, Clusmann, Hans, Coburn, Mark Steven, Coles, Jonathan, Cooper, Jamie D., Correia, Marta, Čović, Amra, Curry, Nicola, Czeiter, Endre, Czosnyka, Marek, Dahyot-Fizelier, Claire, Dark, Paul, Dawes, Helen, De Keyser, Véronique, Degos, Vincent, Della Corte, Francesco, Boogert, Hugo den, Depreitere, Bart, Đilvesi, Đula, Dixit, Abhishek, Donoghue, Emma, Dreier, Jens, Dulière, Guy-Loup, Ercole, Ari, Esser, Patrick, Ezer, Erzsébet, Fabricius, Martin, Feigin, Valery L., Foks, Kelly, Frisvold, Shirin, Furmanov, Alex, Gagliardo, Pablo, Galanaud, Damien, Gantner, Dashiell, Gao, Guoyi, George, Pradeep, Ghuysen, Alexandre, Giga, Lelde, Glocker, Ben, Golubović, Jagoš, Gomez, Pedro A., Gratz, Johannes, Gravesteijn, Benjamin, Grossi, Francesca, Gruen, Russell L., Gupta, Deepak, Haagsma, Juanita A., Haitsma, Iain, Helbok, Raimund, Helseth, Eirik, Horton, Lindsay, Huijben, Jilske, Hutchinson, Peter J., Jacobs, Bram, Jankowski, Stefan, Jarrett, Mike, Jiang, Ji-yao, Johnson, Faye, Jones, Kelly, Karan, Mladen, Kolias, Angelos G., Kompanje, Erwin, Kondziella, Daniel, Koskinen, Lars-Owe, Kovács, Noémi, Kowark, Ana, Lagares, Alfonso, Lanyon, Linda, Laureys, Steven, Lecky, Fiona, Ledoux, Didier, Lefering, Rolf, Legrand, Valerie, Lejeune, Aurelie, Levi, Leon, Lightfoot, Roger, Lingsma, Hester, Maegele, Marc, Majdan, Marek, Manara, Alex, Maréchal, Hugues, Martino, Costanza, Mattern, Julia, McFadyen, Charles, McMahon, Catherine, Melegh, Béla, Menovsky, Tomas, Mikolic, Ana, Misset, Benoit, Muraleedharan, Visakh, Murray, Lynnette, Negru, Ancuta, Nelson, David, Newcombe, Virginia, Nieboer, Daan, Nyirádi, József, Oresic, Matej, Ortolano, Fabrizio, Otesile, Olubukola, Parizel, Paul M., Payen, Jean-François, Perera, Natascha, Perlbarg, Vincent, Persona, Paolo, Peul, Wilco, Piippo-Karjalainen, Anna, Pirinen, Matti, Pisica, Dana, Ples, Horia, Polinder, Suzanne, Pomposo, Inigo, Posti, Jussi P., Puybasset, Louis, Rădoi, Andreea, Ragauskas, Arminas, Raj, Rahul, Rambadagalla, Malinka, Rehorčíková, Veronika, Helmrich, Isabel Retel, Rhodes, Jonathan, Richter, Sophie, Rocka, Saulius, Roe, Cecilie, Roise, Olav, Rosenfeld, Jeffrey, Rosenlund, Christina, Rosenthal, Guy, Rossaint, Rolf, Rossi, Sandra, Rueckert, Daniel, Rusnák, Martin, Sahuquillo, Juan, Sakowitz, Oliver, Sanchez-Porras, Renan, Sandor, Janos, Schäfer, Nadine, Schmidt, Silke, Schoechl, Herbert, Schoonman, Guus, Schou, Rico Frederik, Schwendenwein, Elisabeth, Sewalt, Charlie, Singh, Ranjit D., Skandsen, Toril, Smielewski, Peter, Sorinola, Abayomi, Stamatakis, Emmanuel, Stanworth, Simon, Stevens, Robert, Stewart, William, Stocchetti, Nino, Sundström, Nina, Takala, Riikka, Tamás, Viktória, Tamosuitis, Tomas, Taylor, Mark Steven, Te Ao, Braden, Tenovuo, Olli, Theadom, Alice, Thibaut, Aurore, Thomas, Matt, Tibboel, Dick, Timmers, Marjolijn, Tolias, Christos, Trapani, Tony, Tudora, Cristina Maria, Unterberg, Andreas, Vajkoczy, Peter, Valeinis, Egils, Vallance, Shirley, Vámos, Zoltán, van der Jagt, Mathieu, van der Naalt, Joukje, Van der Steen, Gregory, van Dijck, Jeroen T.J.M., van Erp, Inge A., van Essen, Thomas A., Van Hecke, Wim, van Heugten, Caroline, Van Praag, Dominique, van Veen, Ernest, van Wijk, Roel, Vyvere, Thijs Vande, Vargiolu, Alessia, Vega, Emmanuel, Velt, Kimberley, Verheyden, Jan, Vespa, Paul M., Vik, Anne, Vilcinis, Rimantas, Volovici, Victor, von Steinbüchel, Nicole, Voormolen, Daphne, Vulekovic, Peter, Whitehouse, Daniel, Wiegers, Eveline, Williams, Guy, Wolf, Stefan, Yang, Zhihui, Ylén, Peter, Younsi, Alexander, Zeiler, Frederick A., Ziverte, Agate, Zoerle, Tommaso, Adeoye, Opeolu, Badjatia, Neeraj, Barber, Jason, Bergin, Michael, Boase, Kim, Bodien, Yelena, Chesnut, Randall, Corrigan, John, Crawford, Karen, Diaz-Arrastia, Ramon, Dikmen, Sureyya, Duhaime, Ann-Christine, Ellenbogen, Richard, Feeser, Venkata, Ferguson, Adam R., Foreman, Brandon, Gaudette, Etienne, Giacino, Joseph, Gonzalez, Luis, Gopinath, Shankar, Grandhi, Ramesh, Gullapalli, Rao, Hemphill, Claude, Hotz, Gillian, Huie, Russell, Jha, Ruchira, Keene, Dirk C., Kitagawa, Ryan, Korley, Frederick, Kramer, Joel, Kreitzer, Natalie, Levin, Harvey, Lindsell, Chris, Machamer, Joan, Madden, Christopher, Martin, Alastair, McAllister, Thomas, McCrea, Michael, Merchant, Randall, Mukherjee, Pratik, Nelson, Lindsay, Ngwenya, Laura B., Noel, Florence, Nolan, Amber, Okonkwo, David, Palacios, Eva, Perl, Daniel, Puccio, Ava, Rabinowitz, Miri, Robertson, Claudia, Ben Rodgers, Richard, Rosenthal, Eric, Sander, Angelle, Sandsmark, Danielle, Schneider, Andrea, Schnyer, David, Seabury, Seth, Sherer, Mark, Sugar, Gabriella, Temkin, Nancy, Toga, Arthur, Torres-Espin, Abel, Valadka, Alex, Vassar, Mary, Wang, Kevin, Wang, Vincent, Yue, John K., Yuh, Esther, Zafonte, Ross, Kals, Mart, Wilson, Lindsay, Levey, Daniel F., Parodi, Livia, Steyerberg, Ewout W., Richardson, Sylvia, He, Feng, Sun, Xiaoying, Jain, Sonia, Palotie, Aarno, Ripatti, Samuli, Rosand, Jonathan, Manley, Geoff T., Maas, Andrew I.R., Stein, Murray B., and Menon, David K.

Published
2024
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5. Symptom Frequency and Persistence in the First Year after Traumatic Brain Injury: A TRACK-TBI Study

Author

Machamer, Joan, Temkin, Nancy, Dikmen, Sureyya, Nelson, Lindsay D, Barber, Jason, Hwang, Phillip, Boase, Kim, Stein, Murray B, Sun, Xiaoying, Giacino, Joseph, McCrea, Michael A, Taylor, Sabrina R, Jain, Sonia, Manley, Geoff, Badjatia, Neeraj, Bodien, Yelena, Diaz-Arrastia, Ramon, Duhaime, Ann-Christine, Feeser, V Ramana, Ferguson, Adam R, Foreman, Brandon, Gaudette, Etienne, Gopinath, Shankar, Korley, Frederick K, Madden, Christopher, Mukherjee, Pratik, Ngwenya, Laura B, Okonkwo, David, Puccio, Ava, Robertson, Claudia, Rosand, Jonathan, Schnyer, David, Vassar, Mary, Yue, John K, and Zafonte, Ross

Subjects
Pediatric, Brain Disorders, Clinical Research, Unintentional Childhood Injury, Physical Injury - Accidents and Adverse Effects, Childhood Injury, Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI), Traumatic Head and Spine Injury, Clinical Trials and Supportive Activities, Neurosciences, Injuries and accidents, Mental health, Brain Concussion, Brain Injuries, Traumatic, Cohort Studies, Humans, Post-Concussion Syndrome, Prevalence, Trauma Centers, post-concussion symptoms, post-traumatic symptoms, TRACK-TBI, traumatic brain injuries, TRACK-TBI Investigators, Clinical Sciences, Neurology & Neurosurgery
Abstract

Symptom endorsement after traumatic brain injury (TBI) is common acutely post-injury and is associated with other adverse outcomes. Prevalence of persistent symptoms has been debated, especially in mild TBI (mTBI). A cohort of participants ≥17 years with TBI (n = 2039), 257 orthopedic trauma controls (OTCs), and 300 friend controls (FCs) were enrolled in the TRACK-TBI study and evaluated at 2 weeks and 3, 6, and 12 months post-injury using the Rivermead Post-Concussion Symptoms Questionnaire (RPQ). TBI participants had significantly higher symptom burden than OTCs or FCs at all times, with average scores more than double. TBI cases showed significant decreases in RPQ score between each evaluation (p 50% of each of the mild and moderate/severe TBI subsamples, continued to endorse three or more symptoms as worse than pre-injury through 12 months post-injury. A majority of TBI participants who endorsed a symptom at 3 months or later did so at the next evaluation as well. Contrary to reviews that report symptom resolution by 3 months post-injury among those with mTBI, this study of participants treated at level 1 trauma centers and having a computed tomography ordered found that persistent symptoms are common to at least a year after TBI. Additionally, although symptom endorsement was not specific to TBI given that they were also reported by OTC and FC participants, TBI participants endorsed over twice the symptom burden compared with the other groups.

Published
2022

6. Comparing the Quality of Life after Brain Injury-Overall Scale and Satisfaction with Life Scale as Outcome Measures for Traumatic Brain Injury Research

Author

Kreitzer, Natalie, Jain, Sonia, Young, Jacob S, Sun, Xiaoying, Stein, Murray B, McCrea, Michael A, Levin, Harvey S, Giacino, Joseph T, Markowitz, Amy J, Manley, Geoffrey T, Nelson, Lindsay D, Adeoye, Opeolu, Badjatia, Neeraj, Boase, Kim, Barber, Jason, Bodien, Yelena, Bullock, M Ross, Corrigan, John D, Crawford, Karen, Diaz-Arrastia, Ramon, Dikmen, Sureyya, Duhaime, Ann-Christine, Ellenbogen, Richard, Feeser, V Ramana, Ferguson, Adam R, Foreman, Brandon, Gardner, Raquel, Gaudette, Etienne, Goldman, Dana, Gonzalez, Luis, Gopinath, Shankar, Gullapalli, Rao, Hemphill, J Claude, Hotz, Gillian, Keene, C Dirk, Korley, Frederick K, Kramer, Joel, Lindsell, Chris, Machamer, Joan, Madden, Christopher, Martin, Alastair, McAllister, Thomas, Merchant, Randall, Mukherjee, Pratik, Ngwenya, Laura B, Noel, Florence, Nolan, Amber, Okonkwo, David, Palacios, Eva, Perl, Daniel, Puccio, Ava, Rabinowitz, Miri, Robertson, Claudia, Rosand, Jonathan, Sander, Angelle, Satris, Gabriella, Schnyer, David, Seabury, Seth, Sherer, Mark, Taylor, Sabrina, Temkin, Nancy, Toga, Arthur, Valadka, Alex, Vassar, Mary, Wang, Kevin, Yue, John K, Yuh, Esther, and Zafonte, Ross

Subjects
Pediatric, Traumatic Head and Spine Injury, Clinical Research, Physical Injury - Accidents and Adverse Effects, Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI), Neurosciences, Brain Disorders, Childhood Injury, Injuries and accidents, Adult, Brain Injuries, Traumatic, Female, Humans, Male, Outcome Assessment, Health Care, Patient Acuity, Personal Satisfaction, Psychometrics, Quality of Life, common data elements, friend controls, Glasgow Coma Scale, health related quality of life, orthopedic trauma controls, Quality of Life after Brain Injury Overall Score, Satisfaction with Life Survey, traumatic brain injury, Transforming Research and Clinical Knowledge in Traumatic Brain Injury (TRACK-TBI) Investigators, Clinical Sciences, Neurology & Neurosurgery
Abstract

It is important to measure quality of life (QoL) after traumatic brain injury (TBI), yet limited studies have compared QoL inventories. In 2579 TBI patients, orthopedic trauma controls, and healthy friend control participants, we compared the Quality of Life After Brain Injury-Overall Scale (QOLIBRI-OS), developed for TBI patients, to the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS), an index of generic life satisfaction. We tested the hypothesis that group differences (TBI and orthopedic trauma vs. healthy friend controls) would be larger for the QOLIBRI-OS than the SWLS and that the QOLIBRI-OS would manifest more substantial changes over time in the injured groups, demonstrating more relevance of the QOLIBRI-OS to traumatic injury recovery. (1) We compared the group differences (TBI vs. orthopedic trauma control vs. friend control) in QoL as indexed by the SWLS versus the QOLIBRI-OS and (2) characterized changes across time in these two inventories across 1 year in these three groups. Our secondary objective was to characterize the relationship between TBI severity and QoL. As compared with healthy friend controls, the QOLIBRI reflected greater reductions in QoL than the SWLS for both the TBI group (all time points) and the orthopedic trauma control group (2 weeks and 3 months). The QOLIBRI-OS better captured expected improvements in QoL during the injury recovery course in injured groups than the SWLS, which demonstrated smaller changes over time. TBI severity was not consistently or robustly associated with self-reported QoL. The findings imply that, as compared with the SWLS, the QOLIBRI-OS appears to identify QoL issues more specifically relevant to traumatically injured patients and may be a more appropriate primary QoL outcome measure for research focused on the sequelae of traumatic injuries.

Published
2021

7. A Manual for the Glasgow Outcome Scale-Extended Interview

Author

Wilson, Lindsay, Boase, Kim, Nelson, Lindsay D, Temkin, Nancy R, Giacino, Joseph T, Markowitz, Amy J, Maas, Andrew, Menon, David K, Teasdale, Graham, and Manley, Geoffrey T

Subjects
Neurosciences, Quality Education, Brain Injuries, Traumatic, Disability Evaluation, Glasgow Outcome Scale, Humans, Interviews as Topic, Manuals as Topic, Outcome Assessment, Health Care, Recovery of Function, Surveys and Questionnaires, clinical outcome assessment, Glasgow Outcome Scale-Extended, GOSE, traumatic brain injury, Clinical Sciences, Neurology & Neurosurgery
Abstract

The Glasgow Outcome Scale-Extended (GOSE) has become one of the most widely used outcome instruments to assess global disability and recovery after traumatic brain injury. Achieving consistency in the application of the assessment remains a challenge, particularly in multi-center studies involving many assessors. We present a manual for the GOSE interview that is designed to support both single- and multi-center studies and promote inter-rater agreement. Many patients fall clearly into a particular category; however, patients may have outcomes that are on the borderline between adjacent categories, and cases can present other challenges for assessment. The Manual includes the general principles of assessment, advice on administering each section of the GOSE interview, and guidance on "borderline" and "difficult" cases. Finally, we discuss the properties of the GOSE, including strengths and limitations, and outline recommendations for assessor training, accreditation, and monitoring.

Published
2021

8. Statistical Guidelines for Handling Missing Data in Traumatic Brain Injury Clinical Research

Author

Nielson, Jessica L, Cooper, Shelly R, Seabury, Seth A, Luciani, Davide, Fabio, Anthony, Temkin, Nancy R, Ferguson, Adam R, Adeoye, Opeolu, Badjatia, Neeraj, Boase, Kim, Bodien, Yelena, Bullock, M Ross, Chesnut, Randall, Corrigan, John D, Crawford, Karen, Diaz-Arrastia, Ramon, Dikmen, Sureyya, Duhaime, Ann-Christine, Ellenbogen, Richard, Feeser, V Ramana, Foreman, Brandon, Gardner, Raquel, Gaudette, Etienne, Giacino, Joseph, Goldman, Dana, Gonzalez, Luis, Gopinath, Shankar, Gullapalli, Rao, Hemphill, J Claude, Hotz, Gillian, Jain, Sonia, Korley, Frederick K, Kramer, Joel, Kreitzer, Natalie, Levin, Harvey, Lindsell, Chris, Machamer, Joan, Madden, Christopher, Manley, Geoffrey T, Martin, Alastair, McAllister, Thomas, McCrea, Michael, Merchant, Randall, Mukherjee, Pratik, Nelson, Lindsay, Ngwenya, Laura B, Noel, Florence, Okonkwo, David, Palacios, Eva, Perl, Daniel, Puccio, Ava, Rabinowitz, Miri, Robertson, Claudia, Rosand, Jonathan, Sander, Angelle, Satris, Gabriella, Schnyer, David, Sherer, Mark, Stein, Murray, Taylor, Sabrina, Toga, Arthur, Valadka, Alex, Vassar, Mary, Vespa, Paul, Wang, Kevin, Yue, John K, Yuh, Esther, and Zafonte, Ross

Subjects
Traumatic Head and Spine Injury, Neurosciences, Brain Disorders, Clinical Research, Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI), Clinical Trials and Supportive Activities, Physical Injury - Accidents and Adverse Effects, Neurological, Injuries and accidents, Good Health and Well Being, Brain Injuries, Traumatic, Child, Data Interpretation, Statistical, Databases, Factual, Guidelines as Topic, Humans, assessment tools, missing data, statistical guidelines, TBI, TRACK-TBI Investigators, Clinical Sciences, Neurology & Neurosurgery
Abstract

Missing data is a persistent and unavoidable problem in even the most carefully designed traumatic brain injury (TBI) clinical research. Missing data patterns may result from participant dropout, non-compliance, technical issues, or even death. This review describes the types of missing data that are common in TBI research, and assesses the strengths and weaknesses of the statistical approaches used to draw conclusions and make clinical decisions from these data. We review recent innovations in missing values analysis (MVA), a relatively new branch of statistics, as applied to clinical TBI data. Our discussion focuses on studies from the International Traumatic Brain Injury Research (InTBIR) initiative project: Transforming Research and Clinical Knowledge in TBI (TRACK-TBI), Collaborative Research on Acute TBI in Intensive Care Medicine in Europe (CREACTIVE), and Approaches and Decisions in Acute Pediatric TBI Trial (ADAPT). In addition, using data from the TRACK-TBI pilot study (n = 586) and the completed clinical trial assessing valproate (VPA) for the treatment of post-traumatic epilepsy (n = 379) we present real-world examples of typical missing data patterns and the application of statistical techniques to mitigate the impact of missing data in order to draw sound conclusions from ongoing clinical studies.

Published
2021

9. Biomarkers for Traumatic Brain Injury: Data Standards and Statistical Considerations

Author

Huie, J Russell, Mondello, Stefania, Lindsell, Christopher J, Antiga, Luca, Yuh, Esther L, Zanier, Elisa R, Masson, Serge, Rosario, Bedda L, Ferguson, Adam R, Adeoye, Opeolu, Badjatia, Neeraj, Boase, Kim, Bodien, Yelena, Bullock, M Ross, Chesnut, Randall, Corrigan, John D, Crawford, Karen, Diaz-Arrastia, Ramon, Dikmen, Sureyya, Duhaime, Ann-Christine, Ellenbogen, Richard, Feeser, V Ramana, Foreman, Brandon, Gardner, Raquel, Gaudette, Etienne, Giacino, Joseph, Goldman, Dana, Gonzalez, Luis, Gopinath, Shankar, Gullapalli, Rao, Hemphill, J Claude, Hotz, Gillian, Jain, Sonia, Korley, Frederick, Kramer, Joel, Kreitzer, Natalie, Levin, Harvey, Machamer, Joan, Madden, Christopher, Manley, Geoffrey T, Martin, Alastair, McAllister, Thomas, McCrea, Michael, Merchant, Randall, Mukherjee, Pratik, Nelson, Lindsay, Ngwenya, Laura B, Noel, Florence, Okonkwo, David, Perl, Daniel, Puccio, Ava, Rabinowitz, Miri, Robertson, Claudia, Rosand, Jonathan, Sander, Angelle, Schnyer, David, Seabury, Seth, Stein, Murray, Taylor, Sabrina, Temkin, Nancy, Toga, Arthur, Valadka, Alex, Vassar, Mary, Vespa, Paul, Wang, Kevin, Yue, John K, Zafonte, Ross, Ackerlund, Cecilia, Adams, Hadie, Agnoletti, Vanni, Allanson, Judith, Amrein, Krisztina, Andaluz, Norberto, Andelic, Nada, Andreassen, Lasse, Anke, Audny, Antun, Azasevac, Antoni, Anna, Ardon, Hilko, Auslands, Kaspars, Azouvi, Philippe, Luisa Azzolini, Maria, Baciu, Camelia, Badenes, Rafael, Bartels, Ronald, Barzó, Pál, Bauerfeind, Ursula, Beauvais, Romuald, Beer, Ronny, Belda, Francisco Javier, Bellander, Bo Michael, Belli, Antonio, Bellier, Rémy, Benali, Habib, Benard, Thierry, Berardino, Maurizio, Beretta, Luigi, Beynon, Christopher, Bilotta, Federico, and Binder, Harald

Subjects
Traumatic Head and Spine Injury, Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI), Neurosciences, Physical Injury - Accidents and Adverse Effects, Brain Disorders, Injuries and accidents, Good Health and Well Being, Biomarkers, Brain Injuries, Traumatic, Common Data Elements, Data Interpretation, Statistical, Humans, Information Dissemination, Reference Standards, biomarkers, data sharing, traumatic brain injury, Transforming Research and Clinical Knowledge in Traumatic Brain Injury (TRACK-TBI) Investigators, The Transforming Research and Clinical Knowledge in Traumatic Brain Injury (TRACK-TBI) Investigators, Collaborative European NeuroTrauma Effectiveness Research in Traumatic Brain Injury (CENTER-TBI) Participants and Investigators, Collaborative European NeuroTrauma Effectiveness Research in Traumatic Brain Injury (CENTER-TBI) Participants and Investigators, Clinical Sciences, Neurology & Neurosurgery
Abstract

Recent biomarker innovations hold potential for transforming diagnosis, prognostic modeling, and precision therapeutic targeting of traumatic brain injury (TBI). However, many biomarkers, including brain imaging, genomics, and proteomics, involve vast quantities of high-throughput and high-content data. Management, curation, analysis, and evidence synthesis of these data are not trivial tasks. In this review, we discuss data management concepts and statistical and data sharing strategies when dealing with biomarker data in the context of TBI research. We propose that application of biomarkers involves three distinct steps-discovery, evaluation, and evidence synthesis. First, complex/big data has to be reduced to useful data elements at the stage of biomarker discovery. Second, inferential statistical approaches must be applied to these biomarker data elements for assessment of biomarker clinical utility and validity. Last, synthesis of relevant research is required to support practice guidelines and enable health decisions informed by the highest quality, up-to-date evidence available. We focus our discussion around recent experiences from the International Traumatic Brain Injury Research (InTBIR) initiative, with a specific focus on four major clinical projects (Transforming Research and Clinical Knowledge in TBI, Collaborative European NeuroTrauma Effectiveness Research in TBI, Collaborative Research on Acute Traumatic Brain Injury in Intensive Care Medicine in Europe, and Approaches and Decisions in Acute Pediatric TBI Trial), which are currently enrolling subjects in North America and Europe. We discuss common data elements, data collection efforts, data-sharing opportunities, and challenges, as well as examine the statistical techniques required to realize successful adoption and use of biomarkers in the clinic as a foundation for precision medicine in TBI.

Published
2021

10. Central Curation of Glasgow Outcome Scale-Extended Data: Lessons Learned from TRACK-TBI

Author

Boase, Kim, Machamer, Joan, Temkin, Nancy R, Dikmen, Sureyya, Wilson, Lindsay, Nelson, Lindsay D, Barber, Jason, Bodien, Yelena G, Giacino, Joseph T, Markowitz, Amy J, McCrea, Michael A, Satris, Gabriela, Stein, Murray B, Taylor, Sabrina R, Manley, Geoffrey T, Adeoye, Opeolu, Bullock, M Ross, Corrigan, John D, Diaz-Arrastia, Ramon, Ellenbogen, Richard, Feeser, V Ramana, Ferguson, Adam R, Gardner, Raquel, Goldman, Dana, Gopinath, Shankar, Hemphill, J Claude, Keene, C Dirk, Korley, Frederick K, Kramer, Joel, Kreitzer, Natalie, Levin, Harvey, Lindsell, Chris, Madden, Christopher, Martin, Alastair, McAllister, Thomas, Merchant, Randall, Mukherjee, Pratik, Ngwenya, Laura B, Noel, Florence, Nolan, Amber, Okonkwo, David, Palacios, Eva, Perl, Daniel, Puccio, Ava, Rabinowitz, Miri, Robertson, Claudia, Rosand, Jonathan, Sander, Angelle, Schnyer, David, Seabury, Seth, Sherer, Mark, Toga, Arthur, Valadka, Alex, Vassar, Mary, MS, RN, Vespa, Paul, Wang, Kevin, Yue, John K, Yuh, Esther, and Zafonte, Ross

Subjects
Traumatic Head and Spine Injury, Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI), Neurosciences, Physical Injury - Accidents and Adverse Effects, Brain Disorders, Quality Education, Adult, Brain Injuries, Traumatic, Disability Evaluation, Female, Functional Status, Glasgow Outcome Scale, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Middle Aged, Outcome Assessment, Health Care, Recovery of Function, Reproducibility of Results, United States, Young Adult, central review, clinical outcome assessments, data curation, GOSE, traumatic brain injury, TRACK-TBI Investigators, Clinical Sciences, Neurology & Neurosurgery
Abstract

The Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) in its original or extended (GOSE) form is the most widely used assessment of global disability in traumatic brain injury (TBI) research. Several publications have reported concerns about assessor scoring inconsistencies, but without documentation of contributing factors. We reviewed 6801 GOSE assessments collected longitudinally, across 18 sites in the 5-year, observational Transforming Research and Clinical Knowledge in TBI (TRACK-TBI) study. We recorded error rates (i.e., corrections to a section or an overall rating) based on site assessor documentation and categorized scoring issues, which then informed further training. In cohort 1 (n = 1261; February 2014 to May 2016), 24% of GOSEs had errors identified by central review. In cohort 2 (n = 1130; June 2016 to July 2018), acquired after curation of cohort 1 data, feedback, and further training of site assessors, the error rate was reduced to 10%. GOSE sections associated with the most frequent interpretation and scoring difficulties included whether current functioning represented a change from pre-injury (466 corrected ratings in cohort 1; 62 in cohort 2), defining dependency in the home and community (163 corrections in cohort 1; three in cohort 2) and return to work/school (72 corrections in cohort 1; 35 in cohort 2). These results highlight the importance of central review in improving consistency across sites and over time. Establishing clear scoring criteria, coupled with ongoing guidance and feedback to data collectors, is essential to avoid scoring errors and resultant misclassification, which carry potential to result in "failure" of clinical trials that rely on the GOSE as their primary outcome measure.

Published
2021

11. Invariance of the Bifactor Structure of Mild Traumatic Brain Injury (mTBI) Symptoms on the Rivermead Postconcussion Symptoms Questionnaire Across Time, Demographic Characteristics, and Clinical Groups: A TRACK-TBI Study

Author

Agtarap, Stephanie, Kramer, Mark D, Campbell-Sills, Laura, Yuh, Esther, Mukherjee, Pratik, Manley, Geoffrey T, McCrea, Michael A, Dikmen, Sureyya, Giacino, Joseph T, Stein, Murray B, Nelson, Lindsay D, Adeoye, Opeolu, Badjatia, Neeraj, Boase, Kim, Bodien, Yelena, Bullock, M Ross, Chesnut, Randall, Corrigan, John D, Crawford, Karen, Diaz-Arrastia, Ramon, Duhaime, Ann-Christine, Ellenbogen, Richard, Feeser, V Ramana, Ferguson, Adam R, Foreman, Brandon, Gardner, Raquel, Gaudette, Etienne, Goldman, Dana, Gonzalez, Luis, Gopinath, Shankar, Gullapalli, Rao, Hemphill, J Claude, Hotz, Gillian, Jain, Sonia, Korley, Frederick K, Kramer, Joel, Kreitzer, Natalie, Levin, Harvey, Lindsell, Chris, Machamer, Joan, Madden, Christopher, Martin, Alastair, McAllister, Thomas, Merchant, Randall, Ngwenya, Laura B, Noel, Florence, Okonkwo, David, Palacios, Eva, Perl, Daniel, Puccio, Ava, Rabinowitz, Miri, Robertson, Claudia, Rosand, Jonathan, Sander, Angelle, Satris, Gabriella, Schnyer, David, Seabury, Seth, Sherer, Mark, Taylor, Sabrina, Temkin, Nancy, Toga, Arthur, Valadka, Alex, Vassar, Mary, Vespa, Paul, Wang, Kevin, Yue, John K, and Zafonte, Ross

Subjects
Neurosciences, Traumatic Head and Spine Injury, Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI), Clinical Research, Brain Disorders, Physical Injury - Accidents and Adverse Effects, Brain Concussion, Demography, Emotions, Humans, Surveys and Questionnaires, mild TBI, bifactor, invariance, postconcussive symptoms, Rivermead Postconcussion Symptoms Questionnaire, traumatic brain injury, TRACK-TBI Investigators *, Psychology, Clinical Psychology
Abstract

This study aimed to elucidate the structure of the Rivermead Postconcussion Symptoms Questionnaire (RPQ) and evaluate its longitudinal and group variance. Factor structures were developed and compared in 1,011 patients with mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI; i.e., Glasgow Coma Scale score 13-15) from the Transforming Research and Clinical Knowledge in TBI study, using RPQ data collected at 2 weeks, and 3, 6, and 12 months postinjury. A bifactor model specifying a general factor and emotional, cognitive, and visual symptom factors best represented the latent structure of the RPQ. The model evinced strict measurement invariance over time and across sex, age, race, psychiatric history, and mTBI severity groups, indicating that differences in symptom endorsement were completely accounted for by these latent dimensions. While highly unidimensional, the RPQ has multidimensional features observable through a bifactor model, which may help differentiate symptom expression patterns in the future.

Published
2021

12. Pathological Computed Tomography Features Associated With Adverse Outcomes After Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: A TRACK-TBI Study With External Validation in CENTER-TBI.

Author

Yuh, Esther L, Jain, Sonia, Sun, Xiaoying, Pisica, Dana, Harris, Mark H, Taylor, Sabrina R, Markowitz, Amy J, Mukherjee, Pratik, Verheyden, Jan, Giacino, Joseph T, Levin, Harvey S, McCrea, Michael, Stein, Murray B, Temkin, Nancy R, Diaz-Arrastia, Ramon, Robertson, Claudia S, Lingsma, Hester F, Okonkwo, David O, Maas, Andrew IR, Manley, Geoffrey T, TRACK-TBI Investigators for the CENTER-TBI Investigators, Adeoye, Opeolu, Badjatia, Neeraj, Boase, Kim, Bodien, Yelena, Corrigan, John D, Crawford, Karen, Dikmen, Sureyya, Duhaime, Ann-Christine, Ellenbogen, Richard, Feeser, V Ramana, Ferguson, Adam R, Foreman, Brandon, Gardner, Raquel, Gaudette, Etienne, Gonzalez, Luis, Gopinath, Shankar, Gullapalli, Rao, Hemphill, J Claude, Hotz, Gillian, Keene, C Dirk, Kramer, Joel, Kreitzer, Natalie, Lindsell, Chris, Machamer, Joan, Madden, Christopher, Martin, Alastair, McAllister, Thomas, Merchant, Randall, Nelson, Lindsay, Ngwenya, Laura B, Noel, Florence, Nolan, Amber, Palacios, Eva, Perl, Daniel, Rabinowitz, Miri, Rosand, Jonathan, Sander, Angelle, Satris, Gabriella, Schnyer, David, Seabury, Seth, Toga, Arthur, Valadka, Alex, Vassar, Mary, and Zafonte, Ross

Subjects
TRACK-TBI Investigators for the CENTER-TBI Investigators
Abstract

ImportanceA head computed tomography (CT) with positive results for acute intracranial hemorrhage is the gold-standard diagnostic biomarker for acute traumatic brain injury (TBI). In moderate to severe TBI (Glasgow Coma Scale [GCS] scores 3-12), some CT features have been shown to be associated with outcomes. In mild TBI (mTBI; GCS scores 13-15), distribution and co-occurrence of pathological CT features and their prognostic importance are not well understood.ObjectiveTo identify pathological CT features associated with adverse outcomes after mTBI.Design, setting, and participantsThe longitudinal, observational Transforming Research and Clinical Knowledge in Traumatic Brain Injury (TRACK-TBI) study enrolled patients with TBI, including those 17 years and older with GCS scores of 13 to 15 who presented to emergency departments at 18 US level 1 trauma centers between February 26, 2014, and August 8, 2018, and underwent head CT imaging within 24 hours of TBI. Evaluations of CT imaging used TBI Common Data Elements. Glasgow Outcome Scale-Extended (GOSE) scores were assessed at 2 weeks and 3, 6, and 12 months postinjury. External validation of results was performed via the Collaborative European NeuroTrauma Effectiveness Research in Traumatic Brain Injury (CENTER-TBI) study. Data analyses were completed from February 2020 to February 2021.ExposuresAcute nonpenetrating head trauma.Main outcomes and measuresFrequency, co-occurrence, and clustering of CT features; incomplete recovery (GOSE scores

Published
2021

13. Tractography-Pathology Correlations in Traumatic Brain Injury: A TRACK-TBI Study

Author

Nolan, Amber L, Petersen, Cathrine, Iacono, Diego, Mac Donald, Christine L, Mukherjee, Pratik, van der Kouwe, Andre, Jain, Sonia, Stevens, Allison, Diamond, Bram R, Wang, Ruopeng, Markowitz, Amy J, Fischl, Bruce, Perl, Daniel P, Manley, Geoffrey T, Keene, C Dirk, Diaz-Arrastia, Ramon, Edlow, Brian L, Adeoye, Opeolu, Badjatia, Neeraj, Boase, Kim, Barber, Jason, Bodien, Yelena, Bullock, M Ross, Chesnut, Randall, Corrigan, John D, Crawford, Karen, Dikmen, Sureyya, Duhaime, Ann-Christine, Ellenbogen, Richard, Feeser, V Ramana, Ferguson, Adam R, Foreman, Brandon, Gardner, Raquel, Gaudette, Etienne, Giacino, Joseph, Goldman, Dana, Gonzalez, Luis, Gopinath, Shankar, Gullapalli, Rao, Hemphill, J Claude, Hotz, Gillian, Korley, Frederick K, Kramer, Joel, Kreitzer, Natalie, Levin, Harvey, Lindsell, Chris, Machamer, Joan, Madden, Christopher, Martin, Alastair, McAllister, Thomas, McCrea, Michael, Merchant, Randall, Nelson, Lindsay, Ngwenya, Laura B, Noel, Florence, Okonkwo, David, Palacios, Eva, Puccio, Ava, Rabinowitz, Miri, Robertson, Claudia, Rosand, Jonathan, Sander, Angelle, Satris, Gabriella, Schnyer, David, Seabury, Seth, Sherer, Mark, Stein, Murray, Taylor, Sabrina, Temkin, Nancy, Toga, Arthur, Valadka, Alex, Vassar, Mary, Vespa, Paul, Wang, Kevin, Yue, John K, Yuh, Esther, and Zafonte, Ross

Subjects
Biomedical Imaging, Physical Injury - Accidents and Adverse Effects, Acquired Cognitive Impairment, Neurosciences, Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI), Traumatic Head and Spine Injury, Brain Disorders, Aetiology, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Neurological, Brain Injuries, Traumatic, Connectome, Diffusion Tensor Imaging, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Neural Pathways, contusion, MRI, neuropathology, tractography, traumatic axonal injury, traumatic brain injury, TRACK-TBI Investigators, Clinical Sciences, Neurology & Neurosurgery
Abstract

Diffusion tractography magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can infer changes in network connectivity in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI), but the pathological substrates of disconnected tracts have not been well defined because of a lack of high-resolution imaging with histopathological validation. We developed an ex vivo MRI protocol to analyze tract terminations at 750-μm isotropic resolution, followed by histopathological evaluation of white matter pathology, and applied these methods to a 60-year-old man who died 26 days after TBI. Analysis of 74 cerebral hemispheric white matter regions revealed a heterogeneous distribution of tract disruptions. Associated histopathology identified variable white matter injury with patchy deposition of amyloid precursor protein (APP), loss of neurofilament-positive axonal processes, myelin dissolution, astrogliosis, microgliosis, and perivascular hemosiderin-laden macrophages. Multiple linear regression revealed that tract disruption strongly correlated with the density of APP-positive axonal swellings and neurofilament loss. Ex vivo diffusion MRI can detect tract disruptions in the human brain that reflect axonal injury.

Published
2021

14. Validity of the Brief Test of Adult Cognition by Telephone in Level 1 Trauma Center Patients Six Months Post-Traumatic Brain Injury: A TRACK-TBI Study

Author

Nelson, Lindsay D, Barber, Jason K, Temkin, Nancy R, Dams-O'Connor, Kristen, Dikmen, Sureyya, Giacino, Joseph T, Kramer, Mark D, Levin, Harvey S, McCrea, Michael A, Whyte, John, Bodien, Yelena G, Yue, John K, Manley, Geoffrey T, Adeoye, Opeolu, Badjatia, Neeraj, Boase, Kim, Bullock, M Ross, Chesnut, Randall, Corrigan, John D, Crawford, Karen, Diaz-Arrastia, Ramon, Duhaime, Ann-Christine, Ellenbogen, Richard, Feeser, V Ramana, Ferguson, Adam R, Foreman, Brandon, Gardner, Raquel, Gaudette, Etienne, Goldman, Dana, Gonzalez, Luis, Gopinath, Shankar, Gullapalli, Rao, Hemphill, J Claude, Hotz, Gillian, Jain, Sonia, Keene, C Dirk, Korley, Frederick K, Kramer, Joel, Kreitzer, Natalie, Lindsell, Chris, Machamer, Joan, Madden, Christopher, Martin, Alastair, McAllister, Thomas, Merchant, Randall, Ngwenya, Laura B, Okonkwo, David, Palacios, Eva, Perl, Daniel, Puccio, Ava, Rabinowitz, Miri, Robertson, Claudia, Rosand, Jonathan, Sander, Angelle, Satris, Gabriella, Schnyer, David, Seabury, Seth, Stein, Murray, Taylor, Sabrina, Toga, Arthur, Valadka, Alex, Vassar, Mary, Vespa, Paul, Wang, Kevin, and Zafonte, Ross

Subjects
Brain Disorders, Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI), Clinical Research, Acquired Cognitive Impairment, Physical Injury - Accidents and Adverse Effects, Traumatic Head and Spine Injury, Behavioral and Social Science, Neurosciences, Mental health, Injuries and accidents, Adult, Brain Injuries, Traumatic, Cognition, Cognition Disorders, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Male, Mental Recall, Middle Aged, Neuropsychological Tests, Prospective Studies, Reproducibility of Results, Telephone, Time Factors, Trauma Centers, Brief Test of Adult Cognition by Telephone, BTACT, phone-based cognitive assessment, telemedicine, traumatic brain injury, British Neurosurgical Trainee Research Collaborative, Clinical Sciences, Neurology & Neurosurgery
Abstract

Our objective was to examine the construct validity of the Brief Test of Adult Cognition by Telephone (BTACT) and its relationship to traumatic brain injury (TBI) of differing severities. Data were analyzed on 1422 patients with TBI and 170 orthopedic trauma controls (OTC) from the multi-center Transforming Research and Clinical Knowledge in TBI (TRACK-TBI) study. Participants were assessed at 6 months post-injury with the BTACT and an in-person neuropsychological battery. We examined the BTACT's factor structure, factorial group invariance, convergent and discriminant validity, and relationship to TBI and TBI severity. Confirmatory factor analysis supported both a 1-factor model and a 2-factor model comprising correlated Episodic Memory and Executive Function (EF) factors. Both models demonstrated strict invariance across TBI severity and OTC groups. Correlations between BTACT and criterion measures suggested that the BTACT memory indices predominantly reflect verbal episodic memory, whereas the BTACT EF factor correlated with a diverse range of cognitive tests. Although the EF factor and other BTACT indices showed significant relationships with TBI and TBI severity, some group effect sizes were larger for more comprehensive in-person cognitive tests than the BTACT. The BTACT is a promising, brief, phone-based cognitive screening tool for patients with TBI. Although the BTACT's memory items appear to index verbal Episodic Memory, items that purport to assess EFs may reflect a broader array of cognitive domains. The sensitivity of the BTACT to TBI severity is lower than domain-specific neuropsychological measures, suggesting it should not be used as a substitute for comprehensive, in-person cognitive testing at 6 months post-TBI.

Published
2021

15. High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein is a Prognostic Biomarker of Six-Month Disability after Traumatic Brain Injury: Results from the TRACK-TBI Study

Author

Xu, Linda B, Yue, John K, Korley, Frederick, Puccio, Ava M, Yuh, Esther L, Sun, Xiaoying, Rabinowitz, Miri, Vassar, Mary J, Taylor, Sabrina R, Winkler, Ethan A, Puffer, Ross C, Deng, Hansen, McCrea, Michael, Stein, Murray B, Robertson, Claudia S, Levin, Harvey S, Dikmen, Sureyya, Temkin, Nancy R, Giacino, Joseph T, Mukherjee, Pratik, Wang, Kevin KW, Okonkwo, David O, Markowitz, Amy J, Jain, Sonia, Manley, Geoffrey T, Diaz-Arrastia, Ramon, Adeoye, Opeolu, Badjatia, Neeraj, Boase, Kim, Bodien, Yelena, Bullock, M Ross, Chesnut, Randall, Corrigan, John D, Crawford, Karen, Duhaime, Ann-Christine, Ellenbogen, Richard, Feeser, V Ramana, Ferguson, Adam R, Foreman, Brandon, Gardner, Raquel, Gaudette, Etienne, Goldman, Dana, Gonzalez, Luis, Gopinath, Shankar, Gullapalli, Rao, Hemphill, J Claude, Hotz, Gillian, Kramer, Joel, Kreitzer, Natalie, Lindsell, Chris, Machamer, Joan, Madden, Christopher, Martin, Alastair, McAllister, Thomas, Merchant, Randall, Nelson, Lindsay, Ngwenya, Laura B, Noel, Florence, Okonkwo, David, Palacios, Eva, Perl, Daniel, Rosand, Jonathan, Sander, Angelle, Satris, Gabriella, Schnyer, David, Seabury, Seth, Toga, Arthur, and Adeoye, Alex VaOpeolu

Subjects
Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI), Clinical Research, Neurosciences, Brain Disorders, Traumatic Head and Spine Injury, Physical Injury - Accidents and Adverse Effects, Injuries and accidents, Adult, Biomarkers, Biomedical Research, Brain Injuries, Traumatic, C-Reactive Protein, Disabled Persons, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Prognosis, Prospective Studies, Time Factors, Young Adult, biomarkers, head trauma, traumatic brain injury, TRACK-TBI Investigators, Clinical Sciences, Neurology & Neurosurgery
Abstract

Systemic inflammation impacts outcome after traumatic brain injury (TBI), but most TBI biomarker studies have focused on brain-specific proteins. C-reactive protein (CRP) is a widely used biomarker of inflammation with potential as a prognostic biomarker after TBI. The Transforming Research and Clinical Knowledge in Traumatic Brain Injury (TRACK-TBI) study prospectively enrolled TBI patients within 24 h of injury, as well as orthopedic injury and uninjured controls; biospecimens were collected at enrollment. A subset of hospitalized participants had blood collected on day 3, day 5, and 2 weeks. High-sensitivity CRP (hsCRP) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) were measured. Receiver operating characteristic analysis was used to evaluate the prognostic ability of hsCRP for 6-month outcome, using the Glasgow Outcome Scale-Extended (GOSE). We included 1206 TBI subjects, 122 orthopedic trauma controls (OTCs), and 209 healthy controls (HCs). Longitudinal biomarker sampling was performed in 254 hospitalized TBI subjects and 19 OTCs. hsCRP rose between days 1 and 5 for TBI and OTC subjects, and fell by 2 weeks, but remained elevated compared with HCs (p

Published
2021

16. Smaller Regional Brain Volumes Predict Posttraumatic Stress Disorder at 3 Months After Mild Traumatic Brain Injury

Author

Stein, Murray B, Yuh, Esther, Jain, Sonia, Okonkwo, David O, Donald, Christine L Mac, Levin, Harvey, Giacino, Joseph T, Dikmen, Sureyya, Vassar, Mary J, Diaz-Arrastia, Ramon, Robertson, Claudia S, Nelson, Lindsay D, McCrea, Michael, Sun, Xiaoying, Temkin, Nancy, Taylor, Sabrina R, Markowitz, Amy J, Manley, Geoffrey T, Mukherjee, Pratik, Investigators, TRACK-TBI, Adeoye, Opeolu, Badjatia, Neeraj, Boase, Kim, Barber, Jason, Bodien, Yelena, Bullock, M Ross, Chesnut, Randall, Corrigan, John D, Crawford, Karen, Duhaime, Ann-Christine, Ellenbogen, Richard, Feeser, V Ramana, Ferguson, Adam R, Foreman, Brandon, Gardner, Raquel, Gaudette, Etienne, Goldman, Dana, Gonzalez, Luis, Gopinath, Shankar, Gullapalli, Rao, Hemphill, J Claude, Hotz, Gillian, Keene, C Dirk, Korley, Frederick K, Kramer, Joel, Kreitzer, Natalie, Lindsell, Chris, Machamer, Joan, Madden, Christopher, Martin, Alastair, McAllister, Thomas, Merchant, Randall, Ngwenya, Laura B, Noel, Florence, Nolan, Amber, Palacios, Eva, Perl, Daniel, Puccio, Ava, Rabinowitz, Miri, Robertson, Claudia, Rosand, Jonathan, Sander, Angelle, Satris, Gabriella, Schnyer, David, Seabury, Seth, Toga, Arthur, Valadka, Alex, Vespa, Paul, Wang, Kevin, Yue, John K, and Zafonte, Ross

Subjects
Neurosciences, Mental Health, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), Prevention, Behavioral and Social Science, Anxiety Disorders, Physical Injury - Accidents and Adverse Effects, Traumatic Head and Spine Injury, Brain Disorders, Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI), Clinical Research, Biomedical Imaging, 4.2 Evaluation of markers and technologies, Detection, screening and diagnosis, Mental health, Neurological, Amygdala, Brain, Brain Concussion, Hippocampus, Humans, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic, TRACK-TBI Investigators, Cingulate, Insula, PTSD, Posttraumatic stress disorder, TBI, Traumatic brain injury
Abstract

BackgroundBrain volumes in regions such as the hippocampus and amygdala have been associated with risk for the development of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The objective of this study was to determine whether a set of regional brain volumes, measured by magnetic resonance imaging at 2 weeks following mild traumatic brain injury, were predictive of PTSD at 3 and 6 months after injury.MethodsUsing data from TRACK-TBI (Transforming Research and Clinical Knowledge in TBI), we included patients (N = 421) with Glasgow Coma Scale scores 13-15 assessed after evaluation in the emergency department and at 2 weeks, 3 months, and 6 months after injury. Probable PTSD diagnosis (PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 score, ≥33) was the outcome. FreeSurfer 6.0 was used to perform volumetric analysis of three-dimensional T1-weighted magnetic resonance images at 3T obtained 2 weeks post injury. Brain regions selected a priori for volumetric analyses were insula, hippocampus, amygdala, superior frontal cortex, rostral and caudal anterior cingulate, and lateral and medial orbitofrontal cortices.ResultsOverall, 77 (18.3%) and 70 (16.6%) patients had probable PTSD at 3 and 6 months. A composite volume derived as the first principal component incorporating 73.8% of the variance in insula, superior frontal cortex, and rostral and caudal cingulate contributed to the prediction of 3-month (but not 6-month) PTSD in multivariable models incorporating other established risk factors.ConclusionsResults, while needing replication, provide support for a brain reserve hypothesis of PTSD and proof of principle for how prediction of at-risk individuals might be accomplished to enhance prognostic accuracy and enrich clinical prevention trials for individuals at the highest risk of PTSD following mild traumatic brain injury.

Published
2021

17. Satisfaction with Life after Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: A TRACK-TBI Study

Author

Agtarap, Stephanie D, Campbell-Sills, Laura, Jain, Sonia, Sun, Xiaoying, Dikmen, Sureyya, Levin, Harvey, McCrea, Michael A, Mukherjee, Pratik, Nelson, Lindsay D, Temkin, Nancy, Yuh, Esther L, Giacino, Joseph T, Manley, Geoffrey T, Stein, Murray B, Adeoye, Opeolu, Boase, Kim, Bullock, M Ross, Corrigan, John D, Diaz-Arrastia, Ramon, Ellenbogen, Richard, Ferguson, Adam R, Gardner, Raquel, Goldman, Dana, Gopinath, Shankar, Hemphill, J Claude, Korley, Frederick K, Kreitzer, Natalie, Machamer, Joan, Martin, Alastair, McAllister, Thomas, Merchant, Randall, Ngwenya, Laura B, Noel, Florence, Okonkwo, David, Palacios, Eva, Perl, Daniel, Puccio, Ava, Rabinowitz, Miri, Robertson, Claudia, Rosand, Jonathan, Sander, Angelle, Satris, Gabriella, Schnyer, David, Taylor, Sabrina, Toga, Arthur, Valadka, Alex, Vassar, Mary, Vespa, Paul, Wang, Kevin, Yue, John K, and Zafonte, Ross

Subjects
Traumatic Head and Spine Injury, Neurosciences, Physical Injury - Accidents and Adverse Effects, Brain Disorders, Clinical Research, Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI), Injuries and accidents, Adult, Biomedical Research, Brain Concussion, Chronic Pain, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Male, Mental Disorders, Middle Aged, Patient Satisfaction, Prospective Studies, Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders, Young Adult, concussion, life satisfaction, post-concussive symptoms, traumatic brain injury, well-being, TRACK-TBI Investigators, Clinical Sciences, Neurology & Neurosurgery
Abstract

Identifying the principal determinants of life satisfaction following mild TBI (mTBI) may inform efforts to improve subjective well-being in this population. We examined life satisfaction among participants in the Transforming Research and Clinical Knowledge in Traumatic Brain Injury (TRACK-TBI) study who presented with mTBI (Glasgow Coma Scale [GCS] score = 13-15; n = 1152). An L1-regularization path algorithm was used to select optimal sets of baseline and concurrent symptom measures for prediction of scores on the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) at 2 weeks and 3, 6, and 12 months post-injury. Multi-variable linear regression models (all n = 744-894) were then fit to evaluate associations between the empirically selected predictors and SWLS scores at each follow-up visit. Results indicated that emotional post-TBI symptoms (all b = -1.27 to -0.77, all p

Published
2021

18. Point-of-Care Platform Blood Biomarker Testing of Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein versus S100 Calcium-Binding Protein B for Prediction of Traumatic Brain Injuries: A Transforming Research and Clinical Knowledge in Traumatic Brain Injury Study

Author

Okonkwo, David O, Puffer, Ross C, Puccio, Ava M, Yuh, Esther L, Yue, John K, Diaz-Arrastia, Ramon, Korley, Frederick K, Wang, Kevin KW, Sun, Xiaoying, Taylor, Sabrina R, Mukherjee, Pratik, Markowitz, Amy J, Jain, Sonia, Manley, Geoffrey T, Adeoye, Opeolu, Badjatia, Neeraj, Boase, Kim, Bodien, Yelena, Bullock, Ross, Chesnut, Randall, Corrigan, John, Crawford, Karen, Dikmen, Sureyya, Duhaime, Ann-Christine, Ellenbogen, Richard, Feeser, Venkata, Ferguson, Adam R, Foreman, Brandon, Gardner, Raquel, Gaudette, Etienne, Giacino, Joseph, Goldman, Dana, Gonzalez, Luis, Gopinath, Shankar, Gullapalli, Rao, Hemphill, Claude, Hotz, Gillian, Kramer, Joel, Kreitzer, Natalie, Levin, Harvey, Lindsell, Chris, Machamer, Joan, Madden, Christopher, Martin, Alastair, McAllister, Thomas, McCrea, Michael, Merchant, Randall, Nelson, Lindsay, Ngwenya, Laura B, Noel, Florence, Palacios, Eva, Perl, Daniel, Rabinowitz, Miri, Robertson, Claudia, Rosand, Jonathan, Sander, Angelle, Satris, Gabriella, Schnyer, David, Seabury, Seth, Sherer, Mark, Stein, Murray, Temkin, Nancy, Toga, Arthur, Valadka, Alex, Vassar, Mary, Vespa, Paul, and Zafonte, Ross

Subjects
Brain Disorders, Clinical Research, Physical Injury - Accidents and Adverse Effects, Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI), Traumatic Head and Spine Injury, Neurosciences, Injuries and accidents, Good Health and Well Being, Adult, Aged, Biomarkers, Brain Injuries, Traumatic, Cohort Studies, Female, Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Point-of-Care Systems, S100 Calcium Binding Protein beta Subunit, Sensitivity and Specificity, biomarkers, glial fibrillary acidic protein, S100 calcium-binding protein B, traumatic brain injury, Transforming Research and Clinical Knowledge in Traumatic Brain Injury (TRACK-TBI) Investigators, Clinical Sciences, Neurology & Neurosurgery
Abstract

Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) is cleared by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to determine need for head computed tomography (CT) within 12 h after mild traumatic brain injury (TBI) (Glasgow Coma Score [GCS] 13-15); S100 calcium-binding protein B (S100B) serves this function in Europe. This phase 1 biomarker cohort analysis of the multi-center, observational Transforming Research and Clinical Knowledge in Traumatic Brain Injury (TRACK-TBI) study compares GFAP's diagnostic performance, measured on a rapid point-of-care platform, against protein S100B to predict intracranial abnormalities on CT within 24 h post-injury across the spectrum of TBI (GCS 3-15). Head CT scan performed in TBI subjects and blood was collected for all consenting subjects presenting to 18 United States level 1 trauma centers. Plasma was analyzed on a point-of-care device prototype assay for GFAP and serum was analyzed for S100B. In 1359 patients with TBI (GCS 3-15), mean (standard deviation [SD]) age = 40.1 (17.0) years; 68% were male. Plasma GFAP levels were significantly higher in CT+ TBI subjects (median = 1358 pg/mL, interquartile range [IQR]: 472-3803) than in CT- TBI subjects (median = 116 pg/mL, IQR: 26-397) or orthopedic trauma controls (n = 122; median = 13 pg/mL, IQR: 7-20), p

Published
2020

19. Monitoring Outcome after Hospital-Presenting Milder Spectrum Pediatric Traumatic Brain Injury Using the Glasgow Outcome Scale-Extended, Pediatric Revision

Author

Evans, Emily, Cook, Nathan E, Iverson, Grant L, Townsend, Elise L, Duhaime, Ann-Christine, Adeoye, Opeolu, Badjatia, Neeraj, Boase, Kim, Bodien, Yelena, Bullock, M Ross, Chesnut, Randall, Corrigan, John D, Crawford, Karen, Diaz-Arrastia, Ramon, Dikmen, Sureyya, Ellenbogen, Richard, Feeser, V Ramana, Ferguson, Adam R, Foreman, Brandon, Gardner, Raquel, Gaudette, Etienne, Giacino, Joseph, Goldman, Dana, Gonzalez, Luis, Gopinath, Shankar, Gullapalli, Rao, Hemphill, J Claude, Hotz, Gillian, Jain, Sonia, Korley, Frederick K, Kramer, Joel, Kreitzer, Natalie, Levin, Harvey, Lindsell, Chris, Machamer, Joan, Madden, Christopher, Manley, Geoffrey T, Martin, Alastair, McAllister, Thomas, McCrea, Michael, Merchant, Randall, Mukherjee, Pratik, Nelson, Lindsay, Ngwenya, Laura B, Noel, Florence, Okonkwo, David, Palacios, Eva, Perl, Daniel, Puccio, Ava, Rabinowitz, Miri, Robertson, Claudia, Rosand, Jonathan, Sander, Angelle, Satris, Gabriella, Schnyer, David, Seabury, Seth, Taylor, Sabrina, Temkin, Nancy, Toga, Arthur, Valadka, Alex, Vassar, Mary, Vespa, Paul, Wang, Kevin, Yue, John K, Yuh, Esther, and Zafonte, Ross

Subjects
Physical Injury - Accidents and Adverse Effects, Traumatic Head and Spine Injury, Pediatric, Neurosciences, Clinical Research, Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI), Childhood Injury, Unintentional Childhood Injury, Brain Disorders, Injuries and accidents, Adolescent, Brain Concussion, Child, Child, Preschool, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Glasgow Outcome Scale, Hospitalization, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Recovery of Function, Treatment Outcome, brain concussion, brain injuries, traumatic, head injuries, closed, outcome assessment, pediatrics, TRACK-TBI Investigators, brain injuries, traumatic, head injuries, closed, Clinical Sciences, Neurology & Neurosurgery
Abstract

The Glasgow Outcome Scale, Pediatric Revision (GOSE-P) is an assessment of "global outcome" designed as a developmentally appropriate version of the Glasgow Outcome Scale-Extended for use in clinical trials of children with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Initial testing describes validity across a wide age and injury severity spectrum, yet the GOSE-P's utility for monitoring children with milder injuries is less clear. We examined the level of agreement between the GOSE-P and the Health and Behavior Inventory (HBI), a TBI-related symptom checklist used to assess children with mild TBI for clinical and research purposes. Participants included children and adolescents 3-16 years of age (n = 50) who presented to two level 1 trauma centers within 24 h of injury, with a GCS of 13-15, who underwent clinical neuroimaging. Outcome was assessed 2 weeks and 3 months following injury. We examined the severity of TBI-related symptoms across disability categories identified using the GOSE-P, and the level of agreement between the two measures in identifying deficits 2 weeks following injury and improvement from 2 weeks to 3 months. Using the GOSE-P, 62% had deficits at 2 weeks, and 42% improved from 2 weeks to 3 months. Agreement between the GOSE-P and HBI was fair 2 weeks after TBI (k = 0.24-0.33), and poor for identifying subsequent improvement (k = 0.10-0.16). Modest agreement between the GOSE-P and the HBI may reflect restricted participation from diverse causes, including TBI, other bodily injuries, and prescribed activity restrictions, and highlights the need for multi-dimensional outcome batteries.

Published
2020

20. Diagnostic performance of point-of-care ubiquitin carboxy-terminal Hydrolase-L1 assay in distinguishing imaging abnormalities in traumatic brain injury: A TRACK-TBI cohort study

Author

Adeoye, Opeolu, Badjatia, Neeraj, Boase, Kim, Bodien, Yelena, Bullock, M. Ross, Chesnut, Randall, Corrigan, John D., Crawford, Karen, Dikmen, Sureyya, Duhaime, Ann-Christine, Ellenbogen, Richard, Feeser, V Ramana, Ferguson, Adam R., Foreman, Brandon, Gardner, Raquel, Gaudette, Etienne, Giacino, Joseph, Gonzalez, Luis, Gopinath, Shankar, Gullapalli, Rao, Hemphill, J Claude, Hotz, Gillian, Kramer, Joel, Kreitzer, Natalie, Levin, Harvey, Lindsell, Chris, Machamer, Joan, Madden, Christopher, Martin, Alastair, McAllister, Thomas, McCrea, Michael, Merchant, Randall, Nelson, Lindsay, Ngwenya, Laura, Palacios, Eva, Perl, Daniel, Rabinowitz, Miri, Rosand, Jonathan, Sander, Angelle, Satris, Gabriella, Schnyer, David, Seabury, Seth, Toga, Arthur, Valadka, Alex, Vassar, Mary, Vespa, Paul, Zafonte, Ross, Wang, Kevin K., Munoz-Pareja, Jennifer C., Lautenslager, Lauren A., Tyndall, J. Adrian, Yang, Zhihui, Kerrigan, Maria R., Diaz-Arrastia, Ramon, Korley, Frederick K., Okonkwo, David, Puccio, Ava M., Yue, John K., Taylor, Sabrina R., Mukherjee, Pratik, Yuh, Esther L., Temkin, Nancy R., Robertson, Claudia S., Sun, Xiaoying, Jain, Sonia, Markowitz, Amy J., and Manley, Geoffrey T.

Published
2023
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21. The Temporal Relationship of Mental Health Problems and Functional Limitations following mTBI: A TRACK-TBI and TED Study

Author

Zahniser, Evan, Nelson, Lindsay D, Dikmen, Sureyya S, Machamer, Joan E, Stein, Murray B, Yuh, Esther, Manley, Geoffrey T, Temkin, Nancy R, Adeoye, Opeolu, Badjatia, Neeraj, Boase, Kim, Bodien, Yelena, Ross Bullock, M, Chesnut, Randall, Corrigan, John D, Crawford, Karen, Diaz-Arrastia, Ramon, Duhaime, Ann-Christine, Ellenbogen, Richard, Feeser, V Ramana, Ferguson, Adam, Foreman, Brandon, Gardner, Raquel, Gaudette, Etienne, Giacino, Joseph, Gonzalez, Luis, Gopinath, Shankar, Gullapalli, Rao, Claude Hemphill, J, Hotz, Gillian, Jain, Sonia, Korley, Frederick, Kramer, Joel, Kreitzer, Natalie, Levin, Harvey, Lindsell, Chris, Madden, Christopher, Martin, Alastair, McAllister, Thomas, McCrea, Michael, Merchant, Randall, Mukherjee, Pratik, Noel, Florence, Okonkwo, David, Palacios, Eva, Perl, Daniel, Puccio, Ava, Rabinowitz, Miri, Robertson, Claudia, Rosand, Jonathan, Sander, Angelle, Satris, Gabriella, Schnyer, David, Seabury, Seth, Sherer, Mark, Taylor, Sabrina, Toga, Arthur, Valadka, Alex, Vassar, Mary, Vespa, Paul, Wang, Kevin, Yue, John, and Zafonte, Ross

Subjects
Behavioral and Social Science, Depression, Mental Health, Biomedical Imaging, Physical Injury - Accidents and Adverse Effects, Brain Disorders, Traumatic Head and Spine Injury, Neurosciences, Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI), Clinical Research, 6.6 Psychological and behavioural, Evaluation of treatments and therapeutic interventions, Mental health, Injuries and accidents, Good Health and Well Being, Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Anxiety, Brain Concussion, Female, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Middle Aged, Recovery of Function, Time Factors, Young Adult, brain injuries, mental health, patient outcome assessment, traumatic, TRACK-TBI Investigators, Clinical Sciences, Neurology & Neurosurgery
Abstract

Mental health problems, such as depression and anxiety, are often associated with functional limitations after traumatic brain injury (TBI), prompting researchers to explore which of these TBI-related sequelae tends to precede the other. Past studies among patients with injuries ranging in severity have predominantly reported that functional impairments predict subsequent psychological concerns, rather than the other way around; however, it remains unclear whether this directionality holds for individuals with mild TBI (mTBI). The present study utilized a cross-lagged panel design within a structural equation modeling analytical framework to explore the longitudinal relationships of symptoms of depression and anxiety to functional status among 717 adult mTBI patients, with assessments occurring at 2 weeks and 3 months post-injury. Symptoms of both depression and anxiety significantly predicted subsequent functional limitations (λs = -0.21 and -0.25), whereas the reverse effects were nonsignificant (λs = -0.05 and -0.03); thus, psychological concerns appeared to function as a precursor to functional impairment. This pattern was particularly pronounced among patients with normal head computed tomography (CT) results; however, results were less clear cut among those subjects whose injuries were accompanied by intracranial abnormalities detected on CT imaging, suggesting the possibility of a more reciprocal relationship in the case of CT-positive mTBI. These results may serve to partially explain the incidence of persistent functional limitations observed among subsets of mTBI patients in past studies. Findings likewise highlight the importance of assessment and treatment for mental health problems after mTBI as an important factor to promote psychological well-being and functional recovery.

Published
2019

22. Optimizing Outcome Assessment in Multicenter TBI Trials

Author

Bodien, Yelena G, McCrea, Michael, Dikmen, Sureyya, Temkin, Nancy, Boase, Kim, Machamer, Joan, Taylor, Sabrina R, Sherer, Mark, Levin, Harvey, Kramer, Joel H, Corrigan, John D, McAllister, Thomas W, Whyte, John, Manley, Geoffrey T, and Giacino, Joseph T

Subjects
Clinical and Health Psychology, Health Services and Systems, Health Sciences, Psychology, Physical Injury - Accidents and Adverse Effects, Clinical Research, Clinical Trials and Supportive Activities, Behavioral and Social Science, Traumatic Head and Spine Injury, Brain Disorders, Neurosciences, Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI), Evaluation of treatments and therapeutic interventions, 6.6 Psychological and behavioural, Good Health and Well Being, Brain Injuries, Traumatic, Clinical Trials as Topic, Combined Modality Therapy, Female, Glasgow Coma Scale, Humans, Incidence, Injury Severity Score, Male, Needs Assessment, Outcome Assessment, Health Care, Program Evaluation, Risk Assessment, Treatment Outcome, United States, common data elements, error, longitudinal studies, multicenter study, neuropsychological tests, outcome assessment, self-report, traumatic brain injury, validity, TRACK-TBI Investigators, Medical and Health Sciences, Psychology and Cognitive Sciences, Rehabilitation, Biomedical and clinical sciences, Health sciences
Abstract

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a global public health problem that affects the long-term cognitive, physical, and psychological health of patients, while also having a major impact on family and caregivers. In stark contrast to the effective trials that have been conducted in other neurological diseases, nearly 30 studies of interventions employed during acute hospital care for TBI have failed to identify treatments that improve outcome. Many factors may confound the ability to detect true and meaningful treatment effects. One promising area for improving the precision of intervention studies is to optimize the validity of the outcome assessment battery by using well-designed tools and data collection strategies to reduce variability in the outcome data. The Transforming Research and Clinical Knowledge in TBI (TRACK-TBI) study, conducted at 18 sites across the United States, implemented a multidimensional outcome assessment battery with 22 measures aimed at characterizing TBI outcome up to 1 year postinjury. In parallel, through the TBI Endpoints Development (TED) Initiative, federal agencies and investigators have partnered to identify the most valid, reliable, and sensitive outcome assessments for TBI. Here, we present lessons learned from the TRACK-TBI and TED initiatives aimed at optimizing the validity of outcome assessment in TBI.

Published
2018

23. A genome-wide association study of outcome from traumatic brain injury

Author

Åkerlund, Cecilia, Amrein, Krisztina, Andelic, Nada, Andreassen, Lasse, Anke, Audny, Antoni, Anna, Audibert, Gérard, Azouvi, Philippe, Azzolini, Maria Luisa, Bartels, Ronald, Barzó, Pál, Beauvais, Romuald, Beer, Ronny, Bellander, Bo-Michael, Belli, Antonio, Benali, Habib, Berardino, Maurizio, Beretta, Luigi, Blaabjerg, Morten, Bragge, Peter, Brazinova, Alexandra, Brinck, Vibeke, Brooker, Joanne, Brorsson, Camilla, Buki, Andras, Bullinger, Monika, Cabeleira, Manuel, Caccioppola, Alessio, Calappi, Emiliana, Calvi, Maria Rosa, Cameron, Peter, Lozano, Guillermo Carbayo, Carbonara, Marco, Cavallo, Simona, Chevallard, Giorgio, Chieregato, Arturo, Citerio, Giuseppe, Clusmann, Hans, Coburn, Mark, Coles, Jonathan P., Cooper, Jamie D., Correia, Marta, Čović, Amra, Curry, Nicola, Czeiter, Endre, Czosnyka, Marek, DahyotFizelier, Claire, Dark, Paul, Dawes, Helen, De Keyser, Véronique, Degos, Vincent, Corte, Francesco Della, Boogert, Hugo den, Depreitere, Bart, Đilvesi, Đula, Dixit, Abhishek, Donoghue, Emma, Dreier, Jens, Dulière, GuyLoup, Ercole, Ari, Esser, Patrick, Ezer, Erzsébet, Fabricius, Martin, Feigin, Valery L., Foks, Kelly, Frisvold, Shirin, Furmanov, Alex, Gagliardo, Pablo, Galanaud, Damien, Gantner, Dashiell, Gao, Guoyi, George, Pradeep, Ghuysen, Alexandre, Giga, Lelde, Glocker, Ben, Golubovic, Jagoš, Gomez, Pedro A., Gratz, Johannes, Gravesteijn, Benjamin, Grossi, Francesca, Gruen, Russell L., Gupta, Deepak, Haagsma, Juanita A., Haitsma, Iain, Helbok, Raimund, Helseth, Eirik, Horton, Lindsay, Huijben, Jilske, Hutchinson, Peter J.A., Jacobs, Bram, Jankowski, Stefan, Jarrett, Mike, Jiang, Jiyao, Johnson, Faye, Jones, Kelly, Karan, Mladen, Kolias, Angelos G., Kompanje, Erwin, Kondziella, Daniel, Kornaropoulos, Evgenios, Koskinen, LarsOwe, Kovács, Noémi, Kowark, Ana, Lagares, Alfonso, Lanyon, Linda, Laureys, Steven, Lecky, Fiona, Ledoux, Didier, Lefering, Rolf, Legrand, Valerie, Lejeune, Aurelie, Levi, Leon, Lightfoot, Roger, Lingsma, Hester, Maas, Andrew I.R., CastañoLeón, Ana M., Maegele, Marc, Majdan, Marek, Manara, Alex, Martino, Costanza, Maréchal, Hugues, Mattern, Julia, McMahon, Catherine, Melegh, Béla, Menon, David K., Menovsky, Tomas, Mikolic, Ana, Misset, Benoit, Muraleedharan, Visakh, Murray, Lynnette, Negru, Ancuta, Nelson, David, Newcombe, Virginia F.J., Nieboer, Daan, Nyirádi, József, Olubukola, Otesile, Oresic, Matej, Ortolano, Fabrizio, Palotie, Aarno, Parizel, Paul M., Payen, JeanFrançois, Perera, Natascha, Perlbarg, Vincent, Persona, Paolo, Peul, Wilco, Piippo-Karjalainen, Anna, Pirinen, Matti, Pisica, Dana, Ples, Horia, Polinder, Suzanne, Pomposo, Inigo, Posti, Jussi P., Puybasset, Louis, Radoi, Andreea, Ragauskas, Arminas, Raj, Rahul, Rambadagalla, Malinka, Helmrich, Isabel Retel, Rhodes, Jonathan, Richardson, Sylvia, Richter, Sophie, Ripatti, Samuli, Rocka, Saulius, Roe, Cecilie, Roise, Olav, Rosenfeld, Jeffrey V., Rosenlund, Christina, Rosenthal, Guy, Rossaint, Rolf, Rossi, Sandra, Rueckert, Daniel, Rusnák, Martin, Sahuquillo, Juan, Sakowitz, Oliver, SanchezPorras, Renan, Sandor, Janos, Schäfer, Nadine, Schmidt, Silke, Schoechl, Herbert, Schoonman, Guus, Schou, Rico Frederik, Schwendenwein, Elisabeth, Sewalt, Charlie, Skandsen, Toril, Smielewski, Peter, Sorinola, Abayomi, Stamatakis, Emmanuel, Stanworth, Simon, Stevens, Robert, Stewart, William, Steyerberg, Ewout W., Stocchetti, Nino, Sundström, Nina, Takala, Riikka, Tamás, Viktória, Tamosuitis, Tomas, Taylor, Mark Steven, Ao, Braden Te, Tenovuo, Olli, Theadom, Alice, Thomas, Matt, Tibboel, Dick, Timmers, Marjolein, Tolias, Christos, Trapani, Tony, Tudora, Cristina Maria, Unterberg, Andreas, Vajkoczy, Peter, Vallance, Shirley, Valeinis, Egils, Vámos, Zoltán, van der Jagt, Mathieu, van der Steen, Gregory, van der Naalt, Joukje, van Dijck, Jeroen T.J.M., van Essen, Thomas A., Van Hecke, Wim, van Heugten, Caroline, Van Praag, Dominique, van Veen, Ernest, Vyvere, Thijs Vande, van Wijk, Roel P.J., Vargiolu, Alessia, Vega, Emmanuel, Velt, Kimberley, Verheyden, Jan, Vespa, Paul M., Vik, Anne, Vilcinis, Rimantas, Volovici, Victor, von Steinbüchel, Nicole, Voormolen, Daphne, Vulekovic, Petar, Wang, Kevin K.W., Wiegers, Eveline, Williams, Guy, Wilson, Lindsay, Winzeck, Stefan, Wolf, Stefan, Yang, Zhihui, Ylén, Peter, Younsi, Alexander, Zeiler, Frederick A., Zelinkova, Veronika, Ziverte, Agate, Zoerle, Tommaso, Izzy, Saef, Radmanesh, Farid, Frantzén, Janek, Katila, Ari, Maanpää, Henna-Rikka, Tallus, Jussi, Adeoye, Opeolu, Badjatia, Neeraj, Boase, Kim, Barber, Jason, Bodien, Yelena, Chesnut, Randall, Corrigan, John D., Crawford, Karen, Diaz-Arrastia, Ramon, Dikmen, Sureyya, Duhaime, Ann-Christine, Ellenbogen, Richard, Feeser, Ramana, Ferguson, Adam R., Foreman, Brandon, Gardner, Raquel, Gaudette, Etienne, Giacino, Joseph, Goldman, Dana, Gonzalez, Luis, Gopinath, Shankar, Gullapalli, Rao, Hemphill, Claude, Hotz, Gillian, Jain, Sonia, Keene, Dirk, Korley, Frederick K., Kramer, Joel, Kreitzer, Natalie, Levin, Harvey, Lindsell, Chris, Machamer, Joan, Madden, Christopher, Manley, Geoffrey T., Martin, Alastair, McAllister, Thomas, McCrea, Michael, Merchant, Randall, Mukherjee, Pratik, Nelson, Lindsay, Ngwenya, Laura B, Noel, Florence, Nolan, Amber, Okonkwo, David, Palacios, Eva, Perl, Daniel, Puccio, Ava, Rabinowitz, Miri, Robertson, Claudia, Rosand, Jonathan, Sander, Angelle, Satris, Gabriella, Schnyer, David, Seabury, Seth, Sherer, Mark, Stein, Murray, Taylor, Sabrina, Temkin, Nancy, Toga, Arthur, Valadka, Alex, Vassar, Mary, Yue, John K., Yuh, Esther, Zafonte, Ross, Kals, Mart, Kunzmann, Kevin, Parodi, Livia, Anderson, Christopher D., Puccio, Ava M., Okonkwo, David O., Stein, Murray B., and Manley, Geoff T.

Published
2022
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24. Effect of frailty on 6-month outcome after traumatic brain injury: a multicentre cohort study with external validation

Author

Ackerlund, Cecilia, Adams, Hadie, Amrein, Krisztina, Andelic, Nada, Andreassen, Lasse, Anke, Audny, Antoni, Anna, Audibert, Gérard, Azouvi, Philippe, Azzolini, Maria Luisa, Bartels, Ronald, Barzó, Pál, Beauvais, Romuald, Beer, Ronny, Bellander, Bo-Michael, Belli, Antonio, Benali, Habib, Berardino, Maurizio, Beretta, Luigi, Blaabjerg, Morten, Bragge, Peter, Brazinova, Alexandra, Brinck, Vibeke, Brooker, Joanne, Brorsson, Camilla, Buki, Andras, Bullinger, Monika, Cabeleira, Manuel, Caccioppola, Alessio, Calappi, Emiliana, Calvi, Maria Rosa, Cameron, Peter, Carbayo Lozano, Guillermo, Carbonara, Marco, Castaño-León, Ana M., Cavallo, Simona, Chevallard, Giorgio, Chieregato, Arturo, Clusmann, Hans, Coburn, Mark Steven, Coles, Jonathan, Cooper, Jamie D., Correia, Marta, Covic, Amra, Curry, Nicola, Czeiter, Endre, Czosnyka, Marek, Dahyot-Fizelier, Claire, Dark, Paul, Dawes, Helen, De Keyser, Véronique, Degos, Vincent, Della Corte, Francesco, den Boogert, Hugo, Depreitere, Bart, Đilvesi, Đula, Dixit, Abhishek, Donoghue, Emma, Dreier, Jens, Dulière, Guy-Loup, Ercole, Ari, Esser, Patrick, Ezer, Erzsébet, Fabricius, Martin, Feigin, Valery L., Foks, Kelly, Frisvold, Shirin, Furmanov, Alex, Gagliardo, Pablo, Galanaud, Damien, Gantner, Dashiell, Gao, Guoyi, George, Pradeep, Ghuysen, Alexandre, Giga, Lelde, Glocker, Ben, Golubovic, Jagoš, Gomez, Pedro A., Gratz, Johannes, Gravesteijn, Benjamin, Grossi, Francesca, Gruen, Russell L., Gupta, Deepak, Haagsma, Juanita A., Haitsma, Iain, Helbok, Raimund, Helseth, Eirik, Horton, Lindsay, Huijben, Jilske, Hutchinson, Peter J., Jacobs, Bram, Jankowski, Stefan, Jarrett, Mike, Jiang, Ji-yao, Johnson, Faye, Jones, Kelly, Karan, Mladen, Kolias, Angelos G., Kompanje, Erwin, Kondziella, Daniel, Koskinen, Lars-Owe, Kovács, Noémi, Kowark, Ana, Lagares, Alfonso, Lanyon, Linda, Laureys, Steven, Ledoux, Didier, Lefering, Rolf, Legrand, Valerie, Lejeune, Aurelie, Levi, Leon, Lightfoot, Roger, Lingsma, Hester, Maegele, Marc, Majdan, Marek, Manara, Alex, Maréchal, Hugues, Martino, Costanza, Mattern, Julia, McFadyen, Charles, McMahon, Catherine, Melegh, Béla, Menon, David, Menovsky, Tomas, Mikolic, Ana, Misset, Benoit, Muraleedharan, Visakh, Murray, Lynnette, Negru, Ancuta, Nelson, David, Newcombe, Virginia, Nieboer, Daan, Nyirádi, József, Oresic, Matej, Ortolano, Fabrizio, Otesile, Olubukola, Palotie, Aarno, Parizel, Paul M., Payen, Jean-François, Perera, Natascha, Perlbarg, Vincent, Persona, Paolo, Peul, Wilco, Piippo-Karjalainen, Anna, Pirinen, Matti, Pisica, Dana, Ples, Horia, Polinder, Suzanne, Pomposo, Inigo, Posti, Jussi P., Puybasset, Louis, Radoi, Andreea, Ragauskas, Arminas, Raj, Rahul, Rambadagalla, Malinka, Rehorčíková, Veronika, Retel Helmrich, Isabel, Rhodes, Jonathan, Richardson, Sylvia, Richter, Sophie, Ripatti, Samuli, Rocka, Saulius, Roe, Cecilie, Roise, Olav, Rosenfeld, Jeffrey, Rosenlund, Christina, Rosenthal, Guy, Rossaint, Rolf, Rossi, Sandra, Rueckert, Daniel, Rusnák, Martin, Sahuquillo, Juan, Sakowitz, Oliver, Sanchez-Porras, Renan, Sandor, Janos, Schäfer, Nadine, Schmidt, Silke, Schoechl, Herbert, Schoonman, Guus, Schou, Rico Frederik, Schwendenwein, Elisabeth, Sewalt, Charlie, Singh, Ranjit D., Skandsen, Toril, Smielewski, Peter, Sorinola, Abayomi, Stamatakis, Emmanuel, Stanworth, Simon, Stevens, Robert, Stewart, William, Steyerberg, Ewout W., Stocchetti, Nino, Sundström, Nina, Takala, Riikka, Tamás, Viktória, Tamosuitis, Tomas, Taylor, Mark Steven, Te Ao, Braden, Tenovuo, Olli, Theadom, Alice, Thomas, Matt, Tibboel, Dick, Timmers, Marjolijn, Tolias, Christos, Trapani, Tony, Tudora, Cristina Maria, Unterberg, Andreas, Vajkoczy, Peter, Valeinis, Egils, Vallance, Shirley, Vámos, Zoltán, van der Jagt, Mathieu, van der Naalt, Joukje, Van der Steen, Gregory, van Dijck, Jeroen T.J.M., van Erp, Inge A., van Essen, Thomas A., Van Hecke, Wim, van Heugten, Caroline, Van Praag, Dominique, van Veen, Ernest, van Wijk, Roel, Vande Vyvere, Thijs, Vargiolu, Alessia, Vega, Emmanuel, Velt, Kimberley, Verheyden, Jan, Vespa, Paul M., Vik, Anne, Vilcinis, Rimantas, Volovici, Victor, von Steinbüchel, Nicole, Voormolen, Daphne, Vulekovic, Peter, Wang, Kevin K.W., Wiegers, Eveline, Williams, Guy, Wilson, Lindsay, Wolf, Stefan, Yang, Zhihui, Ylén, Peter, Younsi, Alexander, Zeiler, Frederick A., Ziverte, Agate, Zoerle, Tommaso, Adeoye, Opeolu, Badjatia, Neeraj, Barber, Jason, Bergin, Michael, Boase, Kim, Bodien, Yelena, Chesnut, Randall, Corrigan, John, Crawford, Karen, Diaz-Arrastia, Ramon, Dikmen, Sureyya, Duhaime, Ann-Christine, Ellenbogen, Richard, Feeser, Venkata, Ferguson, Adam R, Foreman, Brandon, Gaudette, Etienne, Giacino, Joseph, Gonzalez, Luis, Gopinath, Shankar, Grandhi, Ramesh, Gullapalli, Rao, Hemphill, Claude, Hotz, Gillian, Huie, Russell, Jha, Ruchira, Keene, C. Dirk, Kitagawa, Ryan, Korley, Frederick, Kramer, Joel, Kreitzer, Natalie, Levin, Harvey, Lindsell, Chris, Machamer, Joan, Madden, Christopher, Martin, Alastair, McAllister, Thomas, McCrea, Michael, Merchant, Randall, Mukherjee, Pratik, Nelson, Lindsay, Ngwenya, Laura B., Noel, Florence, Nolan, Amber, Okonkwo, David, Palacios, Eva, Perl, Daniel, Puccio, Ava, Rabinowitz, Miri, Robertson, Claudia, Rodgers, Richard Ben, Rosand, Jonathan, Rosenthal, Eric, Sander, Angelle, Sandsmark, Danielle, Sugar, Gabriella, Schneider, Andrea, Schnyer, David, Seabury, Seth, Sherer, Mark, Stein, Murray, Temkin, Nancy, Toga, Arthur, Torres-Espin, Abel, Valadka, Alex, Vassar, Mary, Wang, Kevin, Wang, Vincent, Yue, John K., Yuh, Esther, Zafonte, Ross, Galimberti, Stefania, Graziano, Francesca, Maas, Andrew I R, Isernia, Giulia, Lecky, Fiona, Jain, Sonia, Sun, Xiaoying, Gardner, Raquel C, Taylor, Sabrina R, Markowitz, Amy J, Manley, Geoffrey T, Valsecchi, Maria Grazia, Bellelli, Giuseppe, and Citerio, Giuseppe

Published
2022
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25. Smaller Regional Brain Volumes Predict Posttraumatic Stress Disorder at 3 Months After Mild Traumatic Brain Injury

Author

Adeoye, Opeolu, Badjatia, Neeraj, Boase, Kim, Barber, Jason, Bodien, Yelena, Bullock, M. Ross, Chesnut, Randall, Corrigan, John D., Crawford, Karen, Duhaime, Ann-Christine, Ellenbogen, Richard, Feeser, V. Ramana, Ferguson, Adam R., Foreman, Brandon, Gardner, Raquel, Gaudette, Etienne, Goldman, Dana, Gonzalez, Luis, Gopinath, Shankar, Gullapalli, Rao, Hemphill, J. Claude, Hotz, Gillian, Jain, Sonia, Keene, C. Dirk, Korley, Frederick K., Kramer, Joel, Kreitzer, Natalie, Lindsell, Chris, Machamer, Joan, Madden, Christopher, Martin, Alastair, McAllister, Thomas, Merchant, Randall, Ngwenya, Laura B., Noel, Florence, Nolan, Amber, Palacios, Eva, Perl, Daniel, Puccio, Ava, Rabinowitz, Miri, Robertson, Claudia, Rosand, Jonathan, Sander, Angelle, Satris, Gabriella, Schnyer, David, Seabury, Seth, Toga, Arthur, Valadka, Alex, Vespa, Paul, Wang, Kevin, Yue, John K., Zafonte, Ross, Stein, Murray B., Yuh, Esther, Okonkwo, David O., Mac Donald, Christine L., Levin, Harvey, Giacino, Joseph T., Dikmen, Sureyya, Vassar, Mary J., Diaz-Arrastia, Ramon, Robertson, Claudia S., Nelson, Lindsay D., McCrea, Michael, Sun, Xiaoying, Temkin, Nancy, Taylor, Sabrina R., Markowitz, Amy J., Manley, Geoffrey T., and Mukherjee, Pratik

Published
2021
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26. Association between plasma GFAP concentrations and MRI abnormalities in patients with CT-negative traumatic brain injury in the TRACK-TBI cohort: a prospective multicentre study

Author

Adeoye, Opeolu M, Badjatia, Neeraj, Boase, Kim, Bodien, Yelena G, Bullock, Malcom R, Chesnut, Randall M, Corrigan, John D, Crawford, Karen, Dikmen, Sureyya S, Duhaime, Ann-Christine, Ellenbogen, Richard G, Feeser, Venkata, Foreman, Brandon, Gardner, Raquel C, Gaudette, Etienne, Giacino, Joseph T, Goldman, Dana P, Gonzalez, Luis, Gopinath, Shankar, Gullapalli, Rao, Hemphill, J C, Hotz, Gillian, Kramer, Joel H, Kreitzer, Natalie P, Levin, Harvey S, Lindsell, Christopher J, Machamer, Joan, Madden, Christopher J, Martin, Alastair J, McAllister, Thomas W, McCrea, Michael, Merchant, Randall, Nelson, Lindsay D, Noel, Florence, Palacios, Eva M, Perl, Daniel P, Puccio, Ava M, Rabinowitz, Miri, Robertson, Claudia S, Rosand, Jonathan, Sander, Angelle M, Satris, Gabriela G, Schnyer, David M, Seabury, Seth A, Sherer, Mark, Stein, Murray B, Temkin, Nancy R, Toga, Arthur W, Valadka, Alex B, Vassar, Mary J, Vespa, Paul M, Yuh, Esther L, Zafonte, Ross, Yue, John K, Korley, Frederick K, Winkler, Ethan A, Sun, Xiaoying, Puffer, Ross C, Deng, Hansen, Choy, Winward, Chandra, Ankush, Taylor, Sabrina R, Ferguson, Adam R, Huie, J Russell, Mukherjee, Pratik, Wang, Kevin K W, Diaz-Arrastia, Ramon, Okonkwo, David O, Jain, Sonia, and Manley, Geoffrey T

Published
2019
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27. Diagnostic performance of point-of-care ubiquitin carboxy-terminal Hydrolase-L1 assay in distinguishing imaging abnormalities in traumatic brain injury: A TRACK-TBI cohort study

Author

Wang, Kevin K., primary, Munoz-Pareja, Jennifer C., additional, Lautenslager, Lauren A., additional, Tyndall, J. Adrian, additional, Yang, Zhihui, additional, Kerrigan, Maria R., additional, Diaz-Arrastia, Ramon, additional, Korley, Frederick K., additional, Okonkwo, David, additional, Puccio, Ava M., additional, Yue, John K., additional, Taylor, Sabrina R., additional, Mukherjee, Pratik, additional, Yuh, Esther L., additional, Temkin, Nancy R., additional, Robertson, Claudia S., additional, Sun, Xiaoying, additional, Jain, Sonia, additional, Markowitz, Amy J., additional, Manley, Geoffrey T., additional, Adeoye, Opeolu, additional, Badjatia, Neeraj, additional, Boase, Kim, additional, Bodien, Yelena, additional, Bullock, M. Ross, additional, Chesnut, Randall, additional, Corrigan, John D., additional, Crawford, Karen, additional, Dikmen, Sureyya, additional, Duhaime, Ann-Christine, additional, Ellenbogen, Richard, additional, Feeser, V Ramana, additional, Ferguson, Adam R., additional, Foreman, Brandon, additional, Gardner, Raquel, additional, Gaudette, Etienne, additional, Giacino, Joseph, additional, Gonzalez, Luis, additional, Gopinath, Shankar, additional, Gullapalli, Rao, additional, Hemphill, J Claude, additional, Hotz, Gillian, additional, Kramer, Joel, additional, Kreitzer, Natalie, additional, Levin, Harvey, additional, Lindsell, Chris, additional, Machamer, Joan, additional, Madden, Christopher, additional, Martin, Alastair, additional, McAllister, Thomas, additional, McCrea, Michael, additional, Merchant, Randall, additional, Nelson, Lindsay, additional, Ngwenya, Laura, additional, Palacios, Eva, additional, Perl, Daniel, additional, Rabinowitz, Miri, additional, Rosand, Jonathan, additional, Sander, Angelle, additional, Satris, Gabriella, additional, Schnyer, David, additional, Seabury, Seth, additional, Toga, Arthur, additional, Valadka, Alex, additional, Vassar, Mary, additional, Vespa, Paul, additional, and Zafonte, Ross, additional

Published
2023
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28. A genome-wide association study of outcome from traumatic brain injury

Author

Kals, Mart, primary, Kunzmann, Kevin, additional, Parodi, Livia, additional, Radmanesh, Farid, additional, Wilson, Lindsay, additional, Izzy, Saef, additional, Anderson, Christopher D., additional, Puccio, Ava M., additional, Okonkwo, David O., additional, Temkin, Nancy, additional, Steyerberg, Ewout W., additional, Stein, Murray B., additional, Manley, Geoff T., additional, Maas, Andrew I.R., additional, Richardson, Sylvia, additional, Diaz-Arrastia, Ramon, additional, Palotie, Aarno, additional, Ripatti, Samuli, additional, Rosand, Jonathan, additional, Menon, David K., additional, Åkerlund, Cecilia, additional, Amrein, Krisztina, additional, Andelic, Nada, additional, Andreassen, Lasse, additional, Anke, Audny, additional, Antoni, Anna, additional, Audibert, Gérard, additional, Azouvi, Philippe, additional, Azzolini, Maria Luisa, additional, Bartels, Ronald, additional, Barzó, Pál, additional, Beauvais, Romuald, additional, Beer, Ronny, additional, Bellander, Bo-Michael, additional, Belli, Antonio, additional, Benali, Habib, additional, Berardino, Maurizio, additional, Beretta, Luigi, additional, Blaabjerg, Morten, additional, Bragge, Peter, additional, Brazinova, Alexandra, additional, Brinck, Vibeke, additional, Brooker, Joanne, additional, Brorsson, Camilla, additional, Buki, Andras, additional, Bullinger, Monika, additional, Cabeleira, Manuel, additional, Caccioppola, Alessio, additional, Calappi, Emiliana, additional, Calvi, Maria Rosa, additional, Cameron, Peter, additional, Lozano, Guillermo Carbayo, additional, Carbonara, Marco, additional, Cavallo, Simona, additional, Chevallard, Giorgio, additional, Chieregato, Arturo, additional, Citerio, Giuseppe, additional, Clusmann, Hans, additional, Coburn, Mark, additional, Coles, Jonathan P., additional, Cooper, Jamie D., additional, Correia, Marta, additional, Čović, Amra, additional, Curry, Nicola, additional, Czeiter, Endre, additional, Czosnyka, Marek, additional, DahyotFizelier, Claire, additional, Dark, Paul, additional, Dawes, Helen, additional, De Keyser, Véronique, additional, Degos, Vincent, additional, Corte, Francesco Della, additional, Boogert, Hugo den, additional, Depreitere, Bart, additional, Đilvesi, Đula, additional, Dixit, Abhishek, additional, Donoghue, Emma, additional, Dreier, Jens, additional, Dulière, GuyLoup, additional, Ercole, Ari, additional, Esser, Patrick, additional, Ezer, Erzsébet, additional, Fabricius, Martin, additional, Feigin, Valery L., additional, Foks, Kelly, additional, Frisvold, Shirin, additional, Furmanov, Alex, additional, Gagliardo, Pablo, additional, Galanaud, Damien, additional, Gantner, Dashiell, additional, Gao, Guoyi, additional, George, Pradeep, additional, Ghuysen, Alexandre, additional, Giga, Lelde, additional, Glocker, Ben, additional, Golubovic, Jagoš, additional, Gomez, Pedro A., additional, Gratz, Johannes, additional, Gravesteijn, Benjamin, additional, Grossi, Francesca, additional, Gruen, Russell L., additional, Gupta, Deepak, additional, Haagsma, Juanita A., additional, Haitsma, Iain, additional, Helbok, Raimund, additional, Helseth, Eirik, additional, Horton, Lindsay, additional, Huijben, Jilske, additional, Hutchinson, Peter J.A., additional, Jacobs, Bram, additional, Jankowski, Stefan, additional, Jarrett, Mike, additional, Jiang, Jiyao, additional, Johnson, Faye, additional, Jones, Kelly, additional, Karan, Mladen, additional, Kolias, Angelos G., additional, Kompanje, Erwin, additional, Kondziella, Daniel, additional, Kornaropoulos, Evgenios, additional, Koskinen, LarsOwe, additional, Kovács, Noémi, additional, Kowark, Ana, additional, Lagares, Alfonso, additional, Lanyon, Linda, additional, Laureys, Steven, additional, Lecky, Fiona, additional, Ledoux, Didier, additional, Lefering, Rolf, additional, Legrand, Valerie, additional, Lejeune, Aurelie, additional, Levi, Leon, additional, Lightfoot, Roger, additional, Lingsma, Hester, additional, CastañoLeón, Ana M., additional, Maegele, Marc, additional, Majdan, Marek, additional, Manara, Alex, additional, Martino, Costanza, additional, Maréchal, Hugues, additional, Mattern, Julia, additional, McMahon, Catherine, additional, Melegh, Béla, additional, Menovsky, Tomas, additional, Mikolic, Ana, additional, Misset, Benoit, additional, Muraleedharan, Visakh, additional, Murray, Lynnette, additional, Negru, Ancuta, additional, Nelson, David, additional, Newcombe, Virginia F.J., additional, Nieboer, Daan, additional, Nyirádi, József, additional, Olubukola, Otesile, additional, Oresic, Matej, additional, Ortolano, Fabrizio, additional, Parizel, Paul M., additional, Payen, JeanFrançois, additional, Perera, Natascha, additional, Perlbarg, Vincent, additional, Persona, Paolo, additional, Peul, Wilco, additional, Piippo-Karjalainen, Anna, additional, Pirinen, Matti, additional, Pisica, Dana, additional, Ples, Horia, additional, Polinder, Suzanne, additional, Pomposo, Inigo, additional, Posti, Jussi P., additional, Puybasset, Louis, additional, Radoi, Andreea, additional, Ragauskas, Arminas, additional, Raj, Rahul, additional, Rambadagalla, Malinka, additional, Helmrich, Isabel Retel, additional, Rhodes, Jonathan, additional, Richter, Sophie, additional, Rocka, Saulius, additional, Roe, Cecilie, additional, Roise, Olav, additional, Rosenfeld, Jeffrey V., additional, Rosenlund, Christina, additional, Rosenthal, Guy, additional, Rossaint, Rolf, additional, Rossi, Sandra, additional, Rueckert, Daniel, additional, Rusnák, Martin, additional, Sahuquillo, Juan, additional, Sakowitz, Oliver, additional, SanchezPorras, Renan, additional, Sandor, Janos, additional, Schäfer, Nadine, additional, Schmidt, Silke, additional, Schoechl, Herbert, additional, Schoonman, Guus, additional, Schou, Rico Frederik, additional, Schwendenwein, Elisabeth, additional, Sewalt, Charlie, additional, Skandsen, Toril, additional, Smielewski, Peter, additional, Sorinola, Abayomi, additional, Stamatakis, Emmanuel, additional, Stanworth, Simon, additional, Stevens, Robert, additional, Stewart, William, additional, Stocchetti, Nino, additional, Sundström, Nina, additional, Takala, Riikka, additional, Tamás, Viktória, additional, Tamosuitis, Tomas, additional, Taylor, Mark Steven, additional, Ao, Braden Te, additional, Tenovuo, Olli, additional, Theadom, Alice, additional, Thomas, Matt, additional, Tibboel, Dick, additional, Timmers, Marjolein, additional, Tolias, Christos, additional, Trapani, Tony, additional, Tudora, Cristina Maria, additional, Unterberg, Andreas, additional, Vajkoczy, Peter, additional, Vallance, Shirley, additional, Valeinis, Egils, additional, Vámos, Zoltán, additional, van der Jagt, Mathieu, additional, van der Steen, Gregory, additional, van der Naalt, Joukje, additional, van Dijck, Jeroen T.J.M., additional, van Essen, Thomas A., additional, Van Hecke, Wim, additional, van Heugten, Caroline, additional, Van Praag, Dominique, additional, van Veen, Ernest, additional, Vyvere, Thijs Vande, additional, van Wijk, Roel P.J., additional, Vargiolu, Alessia, additional, Vega, Emmanuel, additional, Velt, Kimberley, additional, Verheyden, Jan, additional, Vespa, Paul M., additional, Vik, Anne, additional, Vilcinis, Rimantas, additional, Volovici, Victor, additional, von Steinbüchel, Nicole, additional, Voormolen, Daphne, additional, Vulekovic, Petar, additional, Wang, Kevin K.W., additional, Wiegers, Eveline, additional, Williams, Guy, additional, Winzeck, Stefan, additional, Wolf, Stefan, additional, Yang, Zhihui, additional, Ylén, Peter, additional, Younsi, Alexander, additional, Zeiler, Frederick A., additional, Zelinkova, Veronika, additional, Ziverte, Agate, additional, Zoerle, Tommaso, additional, Frantzén, Janek, additional, Katila, Ari, additional, Maanpää, Henna-Rikka, additional, Tallus, Jussi, additional, Adeoye, Opeolu, additional, Badjatia, Neeraj, additional, Boase, Kim, additional, Barber, Jason, additional, Bodien, Yelena, additional, Chesnut, Randall, additional, Corrigan, John D., additional, Crawford, Karen, additional, Dikmen, Sureyya, additional, Duhaime, Ann-Christine, additional, Ellenbogen, Richard, additional, Feeser, Ramana, additional, Ferguson, Adam R., additional, Foreman, Brandon, additional, Gardner, Raquel, additional, Gaudette, Etienne, additional, Giacino, Joseph, additional, Goldman, Dana, additional, Gonzalez, Luis, additional, Gopinath, Shankar, additional, Gullapalli, Rao, additional, Hemphill, Claude, additional, Hotz, Gillian, additional, Jain, Sonia, additional, Keene, Dirk, additional, Korley, Frederick K., additional, Kramer, Joel, additional, Kreitzer, Natalie, additional, Levin, Harvey, additional, Lindsell, Chris, additional, Machamer, Joan, additional, Madden, Christopher, additional, Manley, Geoffrey T., additional, Martin, Alastair, additional, McAllister, Thomas, additional, McCrea, Michael, additional, Merchant, Randall, additional, Mukherjee, Pratik, additional, Nelson, Lindsay, additional, Ngwenya, Laura B, additional, Noel, Florence, additional, Nolan, Amber, additional, Okonkwo, David, additional, Palacios, Eva, additional, Perl, Daniel, additional, Puccio, Ava, additional, Rabinowitz, Miri, additional, Robertson, Claudia, additional, Sander, Angelle, additional, Satris, Gabriella, additional, Schnyer, David, additional, Seabury, Seth, additional, Sherer, Mark, additional, Stein, Murray, additional, Taylor, Sabrina, additional, Toga, Arthur, additional, Valadka, Alex, additional, Vassar, Mary, additional, Yue, John K., additional, Yuh, Esther, additional, and Zafonte, Ross, additional

Published
2022
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29. Effect of frailty on 6-month outcome after traumatic brain injury: a multicentre cohort study with external validation

Author

Galimberti, Stefania, primary, Graziano, Francesca, additional, Maas, Andrew I R, additional, Isernia, Giulia, additional, Lecky, Fiona, additional, Jain, Sonia, additional, Sun, Xiaoying, additional, Gardner, Raquel C, additional, Taylor, Sabrina R, additional, Markowitz, Amy J, additional, Manley, Geoffrey T, additional, Valsecchi, Maria Grazia, additional, Bellelli, Giuseppe, additional, Citerio, Giuseppe, additional, Ackerlund, Cecilia, additional, Adams, Hadie, additional, Amrein, Krisztina, additional, Andelic, Nada, additional, Andreassen, Lasse, additional, Anke, Audny, additional, Antoni, Anna, additional, Audibert, Gérard, additional, Azouvi, Philippe, additional, Azzolini, Maria Luisa, additional, Bartels, Ronald, additional, Barzó, Pál, additional, Beauvais, Romuald, additional, Beer, Ronny, additional, Bellander, Bo-Michael, additional, Belli, Antonio, additional, Benali, Habib, additional, Berardino, Maurizio, additional, Beretta, Luigi, additional, Blaabjerg, Morten, additional, Bragge, Peter, additional, Brazinova, Alexandra, additional, Brinck, Vibeke, additional, Brooker, Joanne, additional, Brorsson, Camilla, additional, Buki, Andras, additional, Bullinger, Monika, additional, Cabeleira, Manuel, additional, Caccioppola, Alessio, additional, Calappi, Emiliana, additional, Calvi, Maria Rosa, additional, Cameron, Peter, additional, Carbayo Lozano, Guillermo, additional, Carbonara, Marco, additional, Castaño-León, Ana M., additional, Cavallo, Simona, additional, Chevallard, Giorgio, additional, Chieregato, Arturo, additional, Clusmann, Hans, additional, Coburn, Mark Steven, additional, Coles, Jonathan, additional, Cooper, Jamie D., additional, Correia, Marta, additional, Covic, Amra, additional, Curry, Nicola, additional, Czeiter, Endre, additional, Czosnyka, Marek, additional, Dahyot-Fizelier, Claire, additional, Dark, Paul, additional, Dawes, Helen, additional, De Keyser, Véronique, additional, Degos, Vincent, additional, Della Corte, Francesco, additional, den Boogert, Hugo, additional, Depreitere, Bart, additional, Đilvesi, Đula, additional, Dixit, Abhishek, additional, Donoghue, Emma, additional, Dreier, Jens, additional, Dulière, Guy-Loup, additional, Ercole, Ari, additional, Esser, Patrick, additional, Ezer, Erzsébet, additional, Fabricius, Martin, additional, Feigin, Valery L., additional, Foks, Kelly, additional, Frisvold, Shirin, additional, Furmanov, Alex, additional, Gagliardo, Pablo, additional, Galanaud, Damien, additional, Gantner, Dashiell, additional, Gao, Guoyi, additional, George, Pradeep, additional, Ghuysen, Alexandre, additional, Giga, Lelde, additional, Glocker, Ben, additional, Golubovic, Jagoš, additional, Gomez, Pedro A., additional, Gratz, Johannes, additional, Gravesteijn, Benjamin, additional, Grossi, Francesca, additional, Gruen, Russell L., additional, Gupta, Deepak, additional, Haagsma, Juanita A., additional, Haitsma, Iain, additional, Helbok, Raimund, additional, Helseth, Eirik, additional, Horton, Lindsay, additional, Huijben, Jilske, additional, Hutchinson, Peter J., additional, Jacobs, Bram, additional, Jankowski, Stefan, additional, Jarrett, Mike, additional, Jiang, Ji-yao, additional, Johnson, Faye, additional, Jones, Kelly, additional, Karan, Mladen, additional, Kolias, Angelos G., additional, Kompanje, Erwin, additional, Kondziella, Daniel, additional, Koskinen, Lars-Owe, additional, Kovács, Noémi, additional, Kowark, Ana, additional, Lagares, Alfonso, additional, Lanyon, Linda, additional, Laureys, Steven, additional, Ledoux, Didier, additional, Lefering, Rolf, additional, Legrand, Valerie, additional, Lejeune, Aurelie, additional, Levi, Leon, additional, Lightfoot, Roger, additional, Lingsma, Hester, additional, Maegele, Marc, additional, Majdan, Marek, additional, Manara, Alex, additional, Maréchal, Hugues, additional, Martino, Costanza, additional, Mattern, Julia, additional, McFadyen, Charles, additional, McMahon, Catherine, additional, Melegh, Béla, additional, Menon, David, additional, Menovsky, Tomas, additional, Mikolic, Ana, additional, Misset, Benoit, additional, Muraleedharan, Visakh, additional, Murray, Lynnette, additional, Negru, Ancuta, additional, Nelson, David, additional, Newcombe, Virginia, additional, Nieboer, Daan, additional, Nyirádi, József, additional, Oresic, Matej, additional, Ortolano, Fabrizio, additional, Otesile, Olubukola, additional, Palotie, Aarno, additional, Parizel, Paul M., additional, Payen, Jean-François, additional, Perera, Natascha, additional, Perlbarg, Vincent, additional, Persona, Paolo, additional, Peul, Wilco, additional, Piippo-Karjalainen, Anna, additional, Pirinen, Matti, additional, Pisica, Dana, additional, Ples, Horia, additional, Polinder, Suzanne, additional, Pomposo, Inigo, additional, Posti, Jussi P., additional, Puybasset, Louis, additional, Radoi, Andreea, additional, Ragauskas, Arminas, additional, Raj, Rahul, additional, Rambadagalla, Malinka, additional, Rehorčíková, Veronika, additional, Retel Helmrich, Isabel, additional, Rhodes, Jonathan, additional, Richardson, Sylvia, additional, Richter, Sophie, additional, Ripatti, Samuli, additional, Rocka, Saulius, additional, Roe, Cecilie, additional, Roise, Olav, additional, Rosenfeld, Jeffrey, additional, Rosenlund, Christina, additional, Rosenthal, Guy, additional, Rossaint, Rolf, additional, Rossi, Sandra, additional, Rueckert, Daniel, additional, Rusnák, Martin, additional, Sahuquillo, Juan, additional, Sakowitz, Oliver, additional, Sanchez-Porras, Renan, additional, Sandor, Janos, additional, Schäfer, Nadine, additional, Schmidt, Silke, additional, Schoechl, Herbert, additional, Schoonman, Guus, additional, Schou, Rico Frederik, additional, Schwendenwein, Elisabeth, additional, Sewalt, Charlie, additional, Singh, Ranjit D., additional, Skandsen, Toril, additional, Smielewski, Peter, additional, Sorinola, Abayomi, additional, Stamatakis, Emmanuel, additional, Stanworth, Simon, additional, Stevens, Robert, additional, Stewart, William, additional, Steyerberg, Ewout W., additional, Stocchetti, Nino, additional, Sundström, Nina, additional, Takala, Riikka, additional, Tamás, Viktória, additional, Tamosuitis, Tomas, additional, Taylor, Mark Steven, additional, Te Ao, Braden, additional, Tenovuo, Olli, additional, Theadom, Alice, additional, Thomas, Matt, additional, Tibboel, Dick, additional, Timmers, Marjolijn, additional, Tolias, Christos, additional, Trapani, Tony, additional, Tudora, Cristina Maria, additional, Unterberg, Andreas, additional, Vajkoczy, Peter, additional, Valeinis, Egils, additional, Vallance, Shirley, additional, Vámos, Zoltán, additional, van der Jagt, Mathieu, additional, van der Naalt, Joukje, additional, Van der Steen, Gregory, additional, van Dijck, Jeroen T.J.M., additional, van Erp, Inge A., additional, van Essen, Thomas A., additional, Van Hecke, Wim, additional, van Heugten, Caroline, additional, Van Praag, Dominique, additional, van Veen, Ernest, additional, van Wijk, Roel, additional, Vande Vyvere, Thijs, additional, Vargiolu, Alessia, additional, Vega, Emmanuel, additional, Velt, Kimberley, additional, Verheyden, Jan, additional, Vespa, Paul M., additional, Vik, Anne, additional, Vilcinis, Rimantas, additional, Volovici, Victor, additional, von Steinbüchel, Nicole, additional, Voormolen, Daphne, additional, Vulekovic, Peter, additional, Wang, Kevin K.W., additional, Wiegers, Eveline, additional, Williams, Guy, additional, Wilson, Lindsay, additional, Wolf, Stefan, additional, Yang, Zhihui, additional, Ylén, Peter, additional, Younsi, Alexander, additional, Zeiler, Frederick A., additional, Ziverte, Agate, additional, Zoerle, Tommaso, additional, Adeoye, Opeolu, additional, Badjatia, Neeraj, additional, Barber, Jason, additional, Bergin, Michael, additional, Boase, Kim, additional, Bodien, Yelena, additional, Chesnut, Randall, additional, Corrigan, John, additional, Crawford, Karen, additional, Diaz-Arrastia, Ramon, additional, Dikmen, Sureyya, additional, Duhaime, Ann-Christine, additional, Ellenbogen, Richard, additional, Feeser, Venkata, additional, Ferguson, Adam R, additional, Foreman, Brandon, additional, Gaudette, Etienne, additional, Giacino, Joseph, additional, Gonzalez, Luis, additional, Gopinath, Shankar, additional, Grandhi, Ramesh, additional, Gullapalli, Rao, additional, Hemphill, Claude, additional, Hotz, Gillian, additional, Huie, Russell, additional, Jha, Ruchira, additional, Keene, C. Dirk, additional, Kitagawa, Ryan, additional, Korley, Frederick, additional, Kramer, Joel, additional, Kreitzer, Natalie, additional, Levin, Harvey, additional, Lindsell, Chris, additional, Machamer, Joan, additional, Madden, Christopher, additional, Martin, Alastair, additional, McAllister, Thomas, additional, McCrea, Michael, additional, Merchant, Randall, additional, Mukherjee, Pratik, additional, Nelson, Lindsay, additional, Ngwenya, Laura B., additional, Noel, Florence, additional, Nolan, Amber, additional, Okonkwo, David, additional, Palacios, Eva, additional, Perl, Daniel, additional, Puccio, Ava, additional, Rabinowitz, Miri, additional, Robertson, Claudia, additional, Rodgers, Richard Ben, additional, Rosand, Jonathan, additional, Rosenthal, Eric, additional, Sander, Angelle, additional, Sandsmark, Danielle, additional, Sugar, Gabriella, additional, Schneider, Andrea, additional, Schnyer, David, additional, Seabury, Seth, additional, Sherer, Mark, additional, Stein, Murray, additional, Temkin, Nancy, additional, Toga, Arthur, additional, Torres-Espin, Abel, additional, Valadka, Alex, additional, Vassar, Mary, additional, Wang, Kevin, additional, Wang, Vincent, additional, Yue, John K., additional, Yuh, Esther, additional, and Zafonte, Ross, additional

Published
2022
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30. Latent Profile Analysis of Neuropsychiatric Symptoms and Cognitive Function of Adults 2 Weeks After Traumatic Brain Injury

Author

Brett, Benjamin L., Kramer, Mark D., Whyte, John, McCrea, Michael A., Stein, Murray B., Giacino, Joseph T., Sherer, Mark, Markowitz, Amy J., Manley, Geoffrey T., Nelson, Lindsay D., Adeoye, Opeolu, Badjatia, Neeraj, Boase, Kim, Barber, Jason, Bodien, Yelena, Bullock, M. Ross, Chesnut, Randall, Corrigan, John D., Crawford, Karen, Diaz-Arrastia, Ramon, Dikmen, Sureyya, Duhaime, Ann-Christine, Ellenbogen, Richard, Feeser, V. Ramana, Ferguson, Adam R., Foreman, Brandon, Gardner, Raquel, Gaudette, Etienne, Gonzalez, Luis, Gopinath, Shankar, Gullapalli, Rao, Hemphill, J. Claude, Hotz, Gillian, Jain, Sonia, Keene, C. Dirk, Korley, Frederick K., Kramer, Joel, Kreitzer, Natalie, Levin, Harvey, Lindsell, Chris, Machamer, Joan, Madden, Christopher, Martin, Alastair, McAllister, Thomas, Merchant, Randall, Mukherjee, Pratik, Ngwenya, Laura B., Noel, Florence, Okonkwo, David, Palacios, Eva, Puccio, Ava, Rabinowitz, Miri, Robertson, Claudia, Rosand, Jonathan, Sander, Angelle, Satris, Gabriella, Schnyer, David, Seabury, Seth, Taylor, Sabrina, Temkin, Nancy, Toga, Arthur, Valadka, Alex, Vassar, Mary, Wang, Kevin, Yue, John K., Yuh, Esther, and Zafonte, Ross

Subjects
Adult, Male, Time Factors, Research, Online Only, Cognition, Neurology, Brain Injuries, Traumatic, Quality of Life, Humans, Female, Glasgow Coma Scale, Prospective Studies, Original Investigation, Follow-Up Studies
Abstract

Key Points Question Are distinct phenotypes of neurobehavioral function identifiable 2 weeks after traumatic brain injury (TBI), and are phenotypes associated with 6-month quality of life and daily functioning? Findings In this cohort study of 1757 patients with TBI, 4 distinct neurobehavioral phenotypes were identified 2 weeks after injury based on self-report and cognitive performance measures. Phenotypes were associated with improved estimations of 6-month outcomes compared with conventional medical record documentation and injury severity factors. Meaning These findings suggest that a phenotype-based classification system could potentially be used as part of an applied precision medicine approach to reliably identify patients at risk for poor outcomes and in need of early, targeted intervention based on phenotypic characteristics following TBI., This cohort study characterizes phenotypes of neuropsychiatric and cognitive functioning in patients 2 weeks after traumatic brain injury and assess whether these phenotypes are associated with 6-month outcomes., Importance Heterogeneity across patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) presents challenges for clinical care and intervention design. Identifying distinct clinical phenotypes of TBI soon after injury may inform patient selection for precision medicine clinical trials. Objective To investigate whether distinct neurobehavioral phenotypes can be identified 2 weeks after TBI and to characterize the degree to which early neurobehavioral phenotypes are associated with 6-month outcomes. Design, Setting, and Participants This prospective cohort study included patients presenting to 18 US level 1 trauma centers within 24 hours of TBI from 2014 to 2019 as part of the Transforming Research and Clinical Knowledge in TBI (TRACK-TBI) study. Data were analyzed from January 28, 2020, to January 11, 2021. Exposures TBI. Main Outcomes and Measures Latent profiles (LPs) were derived from common dimensions of neurobehavioral functioning at 2 weeks after injury, assessed through National Institutes of Health TBI Common Data Elements (ie, Brief Symptom Inventory-18, Patient Health Questionnaire-9 Depression checklist, Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist for DSM-5, PROMIS Pain Intensity scale, Insomnia Severity Index, Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test, Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale–Fourth Edition Coding and Symbol Search subtests, Trail Making Test, and NIH Toolbox Cognitive Battery Pattern Comparison Processing Speed, Dimensional Change Card Sort, Flanker Inhibitory Control and Attention, and Picture Sequence Memory subtests). Six-month outcomes were the Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS), Quality of Life after Brain Injury-Overall Scale (QOLIBRI-OS), Glasgow Outcome Scale-Extended (GOSE), and Rivermead Post-Concussion Symptoms Questionnaire (RPQ). Results Among 1757 patients with TBI included, 1184 (67.4%) were men, and the mean (SD) age was 39.9 (17.0) years. LP analysis revealed 4 distinct neurobehavioral phenotypes at 2 weeks after injury: emotionally resilient (419 individuals [23.8%]), cognitively impaired (368 individuals [20.9%]), cognitively resilient (620 individuals [35.3%]), and neuropsychiatrically distressed (with cognitive weaknesses; 350 individuals [19.9%]). Adding LP group to models including demographic characteristics, medical history, Glasgow Coma Scale score, and other injury characteristics was associated with significantly improved estimation of association with 6-month outcome (GOSE R2 increase = 0.09-0.19; SWLS R2 increase = 0.12-0.22; QOLIBRI-OS R2 increase = 0.14-0.32; RPQ R2 = 0.13-0.34). Conclusions and Relevance In this cohort study of patients with TBI presenting to US level-1 trauma centers, qualitatively distinct profiles of symptoms and cognitive functioning were identified at 2 weeks after TBI. These distinct phenotypes may help optimize clinical decision-making regarding prognosis, as well as selection and stratification for randomized clinical trials.

Published
2021

31. Pathological Computed Tomography Features Associated with Adverse Outcomes after Mild Traumatic Brain Injury:A TRACK-TBI Study with External Validation in CENTER-TBI

Author

Yuh, Esther L., Jain, Sonia, Sun, Xiaoying, Pisicǎ, Dana, Harris, Mark H., Taylor, Sabrina R., Markowitz, Amy J., Mukherjee, Pratik, Verheyden, Jan, Giacino, Joseph T., Levin, Harvey S., McCrea, Michael, Stein, Murray B., Temkin, Nancy R., Diaz-Arrastia, Ramon, Robertson, Claudia S., Lingsma, Hester F., Okonkwo, David O., Maas, Andrew I.R., Manley, Geoffrey T., Adeoye, Opeolu, Badjatia, Neeraj, Boase, Kim, Bodien, Yelena, Corrigan, John D., Crawford, Karen, Dikmen, Sureyya, Duhaime, Ann Christine, Ellenbogen, Richard, Feeser, V. Ramana, Ferguson, Adam R., Foreman, Brandon, Gardner, Raquel, Gaudette, Etienne, Gonzalez, Luis, Gopinath, Shankar, Gullapalli, Rao, Hemphill, J. Claude, Hotz, Gillian, Keene, C. Dirk, Kramer, Joel, Kreitzer, Natalie, Lindsell, Chris, MacHamer, Joan, Madden, Christopher, Martin, Alastair, McAllister, Thomas, Merchant, Randall, Nelson, Lindsay, Ngwenya, Laura B., Noel, Florence, Nolan, Amber, Palacios, Eva, Perl, Daniel, Rabinowitz, Miri, Rosand, Jonathan, Sander, Angelle, Satris, Gabriella, Schnyer, David, Seabury, Seth, Toga, Arthur, Valadka, Alex, Vassar, Mary, Zafonte, Ross, Yuh, Esther L., Jain, Sonia, Sun, Xiaoying, Pisicǎ, Dana, Harris, Mark H., Taylor, Sabrina R., Markowitz, Amy J., Mukherjee, Pratik, Verheyden, Jan, Giacino, Joseph T., Levin, Harvey S., McCrea, Michael, Stein, Murray B., Temkin, Nancy R., Diaz-Arrastia, Ramon, Robertson, Claudia S., Lingsma, Hester F., Okonkwo, David O., Maas, Andrew I.R., Manley, Geoffrey T., Adeoye, Opeolu, Badjatia, Neeraj, Boase, Kim, Bodien, Yelena, Corrigan, John D., Crawford, Karen, Dikmen, Sureyya, Duhaime, Ann Christine, Ellenbogen, Richard, Feeser, V. Ramana, Ferguson, Adam R., Foreman, Brandon, Gardner, Raquel, Gaudette, Etienne, Gonzalez, Luis, Gopinath, Shankar, Gullapalli, Rao, Hemphill, J. Claude, Hotz, Gillian, Keene, C. Dirk, Kramer, Joel, Kreitzer, Natalie, Lindsell, Chris, MacHamer, Joan, Madden, Christopher, Martin, Alastair, McAllister, Thomas, Merchant, Randall, Nelson, Lindsay, Ngwenya, Laura B., Noel, Florence, Nolan, Amber, Palacios, Eva, Perl, Daniel, Rabinowitz, Miri, Rosand, Jonathan, Sander, Angelle, Satris, Gabriella, Schnyer, David, Seabury, Seth, Toga, Arthur, Valadka, Alex, Vassar, Mary, and Zafonte, Ross

Abstract

Importance: A head computed tomography (CT) with positive results for acute intracranial hemorrhage is the gold-standard diagnostic biomarker for acute traumatic brain injury (TBI). In moderate to severe TBI (Glasgow Coma Scale [GCS] scores 3-12), some CT features have been shown to be associated with outcomes. In mild TBI (mTBI; GCS scores 13-15), distribution and co-occurrence of pathological CT features and their prognostic importance are not well understood. Objective: To identify pathological CT features associated with adverse outcomes after mTBI. Design, Setting, and Participants: The longitudinal, observational Transforming Research and Clinical Knowledge in Traumatic Brain Injury (TRACK-TBI) study enrolled patients with TBI, including those 17 years and older with GCS scores of 13 to 15 who presented to emergency departments at 18 US level 1 trauma centers between February 26, 2014, and August 8, 2018, and underwent head CT imaging within 24 hours of TBI. Evaluations of CT imaging used TBI Common Data Elements. Glasgow Outcome Scale-Extended (GOSE) scores were assessed at 2 weeks and 3, 6, and 12 months postinjury. External validation of results was performed via the Collaborative European NeuroTrauma Effectiveness Research in Traumatic Brain Injury (CENTER-TBI) study. Data analyses were completed from February 2020 to February 2021. Exposures: Acute nonpenetrating head trauma. Main Outcomes and Measures: Frequency, co-occurrence, and clustering of CT features; incomplete recovery (GOSE scores <8 vs 8); and an unfavorable outcome (GOSE scores <5 vs ≥5) at 2 weeks and 3, 6, and 12 months. Results: In 1935 patients with mTBI (mean [SD] age, 41.5 [17.6] years; 1286 men [66.5%]) in the TRACK-TBI cohort and 2594 patients with mTBI (mean [SD] age, 51.8 [20.3] years; 1658 men [63.9%]) in an external validation cohort, hierarchical cluster analysis identified 3 major clusters of CT features: contusion, subarachnoid hemorrhage, and/or subdural hematoma; int

Published
2021

32. Feasibility and Utility of a Flexible Outcome Assessment Battery for Use in Longitudinal Traumatic Brain Injury Research

Author

Bodien, Yelena, primary, Sherer, Mark, additional, Taylor, Sabrina, additional, Dikmen, Sureyya, additional, Yue, John, additional, Stein, Murray, additional, Corrigan, John, additional, Levin, Harvey, additional, Temkin, Nancy, additional, Machamer, Joan, additional, Boase, Kim, additional, Vassar, Mary, additional, McCrea, Michael, additional, McAllister, Thomas, additional, Whyte, John, additional, Barber, Jason, additional, Gardner, Raquel, additional, Kramer, joel, additional, Nelson, Lindsay, additional, Manley, Geoff, additional, and Giacino, Joseph, additional

Published
2020
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33. Invariance of the Bifactor Structure of Mild Traumatic Brain Injury (mTBI) Symptoms on the Rivermead Postconcussion Symptoms Questionnaire Across Time, Demographic Characteristics, and Clinical Groups: A TRACK-TBI Study

Author

Agtarap, Stephanie, primary, Kramer, Mark D., additional, Campbell-Sills, Laura, additional, Yuh, Esther, additional, Mukherjee, Pratik, additional, Manley, Geoffrey T., additional, McCrea, Michael A., additional, Dikmen, Sureyya, additional, Giacino, Joseph T., additional, Stein, Murray B., additional, Nelson, Lindsay D., additional, Adeoye, Opeolu, additional, Badjatia, Neeraj, additional, Boase, Kim, additional, Bodien, Yelena, additional, Bullock, M. Ross, additional, Chesnut, Randall, additional, Corrigan, John D., additional, Crawford, Karen, additional, Diaz-Arrastia, Ramon, additional, Duhaime, Ann-Christine, additional, Ellenbogen, Richard, additional, Feeser, V Ramana, additional, Ferguson, Adam R., additional, Foreman, Brandon, additional, Gardner, Raquel, additional, Gaudette, Etienne, additional, Goldman, Dana, additional, Gonzalez, Luis, additional, Gopinath, Shankar, additional, Gullapalli, Rao, additional, Hemphill, J Claude, additional, Hotz, Gillian, additional, Jain, Sonia, additional, Korley, Frederick K., additional, Kramer, Joel, additional, Kreitzer, Natalie, additional, Levin, Harvey, additional, Lindsell, Chris, additional, Machamer, Joan, additional, Madden, Christopher, additional, Martin, Alastair, additional, McAllister, Thomas, additional, Merchant, Randall, additional, Ngwenya, Laura B., additional, Noel, Florence, additional, Okonkwo, David, additional, Palacios, Eva, additional, Perl, Daniel, additional, Puccio, Ava, additional, Rabinowitz, Miri, additional, Robertson, Claudia, additional, Rosand, Jonathan, additional, Sander, Angelle, additional, Satris, Gabriella, additional, Schnyer, David, additional, Seabury, Seth, additional, Sherer, Mark, additional, Taylor, Sabrina, additional, Temkin, Nancy, additional, Toga, Arthur, additional, Valadka, Alex, additional, Vassar, Mary, additional, Vespa, Paul, additional, Wang, Kevin, additional, Yue, John K., additional, and Zafonte, Ross, additional

Published
2020
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34. Prognostic Value of Hemorrhagic Brainstem Injury on Early Computed Tomography: A TRACK-TBI Study.

Author

Williams, John R., Nieblas-Bedolla, Edwin, Feroze, Abdullah, Young, Christopher, Temkin, Nancy R., Giacino, Joseph T., Okonkwo, David O., Manley, Geoffrey T., Barber, Jason, Durfy, Sharon, Markowitz, Amy J., Yuh, Esther L., Mukherjee, Pratik, Mac Donald, Christine L., and The Transforming Research and Clinical Knowledge in Traumatic Brain Injury (TRACK-TBI) Investigators, Adeoye, Opeolu, Badjatia, Neeraj, Boase, Kim, Bodien, Yelena, and Bullock, M. Ross

Abstract

Background: Traumatic brainstem injury has yet to be incorporated into widely used imaging classification systems for traumatic brain injury (TBI), and questions remain regarding prognostic implications for this TBI subgroup. To address this, retrospective data on patients from the multicenter prospective Transforming Research and Clinical Knowledge in TBI study were studied. Methods: Patients with brainstem and cerebrum injury (BSI+) were matched by age, sex, and admission Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score to patients with cerebrum injuries only. All patients had an interpretable head computed tomography (CT) scan from the first 48 hours after injury and a 6-month Glasgow Outcome Scale Extended (GOSE) score. CT scans were reviewed for brainstem lesions and, when present, characterized by location, size, and type (traumatic axonal injury, contusion, or Duret hemorrhage). Clinical, demographic, and outcome data were then compared between the two groups. Results: Mann–Whitney U-tests showed no significant difference in 6-month GOSE scores in patients with BSI+ (mean 2.7) compared with patients with similar but only cerebrum injuries (mean 3.9), although there is a trend (p = 0.10). However, subclassification by brainstem lesion type, traumatic axonal injury (mean 4.0) versus Duret hemorrhage or contusion (mean 1.4), did identify a proportion of BSI+ with significantly less favorable outcome (p = 0.002). The incorporation of brainstem lesion type (traumatic axonal injury vs. contusion/Duret), along with GCS into a multivariate logistic regression model of favorable outcome (GOSE score 4–8) did show a significant contribution to the prognostication of this brainstem injury subgroup (odds ratio 0.08, 95% confidence interval 0.00–0.67, p = 0.01). Conclusions: These findings suggest two groups of patients with brainstem injuries may exist with divergent recovery potential after TBI. These data support the notion that newer CT imaging classification systems may augment traditional clinical measures, such as GCS in identifying those patients with TBI and brainstem injuries that stand a higher chance of favorable outcome. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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35. Association between plasma GFAP concentrations and MRI abnormalities in patients with CT-negative traumatic brain injury in the TRACK-TBI cohort: a prospective multicentre study

Author

Yue, John K, primary, Yuh, Esther L, additional, Korley, Frederick K, additional, Winkler, Ethan A, additional, Sun, Xiaoying, additional, Puffer, Ross C, additional, Deng, Hansen, additional, Choy, Winward, additional, Chandra, Ankush, additional, Taylor, Sabrina R, additional, Ferguson, Adam R, additional, Huie, J Russell, additional, Rabinowitz, Miri, additional, Puccio, Ava M, additional, Mukherjee, Pratik, additional, Vassar, Mary J, additional, Wang, Kevin K W, additional, Diaz-Arrastia, Ramon, additional, Okonkwo, David O, additional, Jain, Sonia, additional, Manley, Geoffrey T, additional, Adeoye, Opeolu M, additional, Badjatia, Neeraj, additional, Boase, Kim, additional, Bodien, Yelena G, additional, Bullock, Malcom R, additional, Chesnut, Randall M, additional, Corrigan, John D, additional, Crawford, Karen, additional, Dikmen, Sureyya S, additional, Duhaime, Ann-Christine, additional, Ellenbogen, Richard G, additional, Feeser, Venkata, additional, Foreman, Brandon, additional, Gardner, Raquel C, additional, Gaudette, Etienne, additional, Giacino, Joseph T, additional, Goldman, Dana P, additional, Gonzalez, Luis, additional, Gopinath, Shankar, additional, Gullapalli, Rao, additional, Hemphill, J C, additional, Hotz, Gillian, additional, Kramer, Joel H, additional, Kreitzer, Natalie P, additional, Levin, Harvey S, additional, Lindsell, Christopher J, additional, Machamer, Joan, additional, Madden, Christopher J, additional, Martin, Alastair J, additional, McAllister, Thomas W, additional, McCrea, Michael, additional, Merchant, Randall, additional, Nelson, Lindsay D, additional, Noel, Florence, additional, Palacios, Eva M, additional, Perl, Daniel P, additional, Robertson, Claudia S, additional, Rosand, Jonathan, additional, Sander, Angelle M, additional, Satris, Gabriela G, additional, Schnyer, David M, additional, Seabury, Seth A, additional, Sherer, Mark, additional, Stein, Murray B, additional, Temkin, Nancy R, additional, Toga, Arthur W, additional, Valadka, Alex B, additional, Vespa, Paul M, additional, and Zafonte, Ross, additional

Published
2019
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36. Incidence and Clinical Impact of Myocardial Injury Following Traumatic Brain Injury: A Pilot TRACK-TBI Study

Author

Krishnamoorthy, Vijay, Manley, Geoffrey T., Jain, Sonia, Sun, Shelly, Foreman, Brandon, Komisarow, Jordan, Laskowitz, Daniel T., Mathew, Joseph P., Hernandez, Adrian, James, Michael L., Vavilala, Monica S., Markowitz, Amy J., Korley, Frederick K., Adeoye, Opeolu, Badjatia, Neeraj, Boase, Kim, Barber, Jason, Bodien, Yelena, Bullock, M. Ross, Chesnut, Randall, Corrigan, John D., Diaz-Arrastia, Ramon, Dikmen, Sureyya, Duhaime, Ann-Christine, Ellenbogen, Richard, Feeser, V Ramana, Ferguson, Adam R., Gardner, Raquel, Gaudette, Etienne, Giacino, Joseph, Goldman, Dana, Gonzalez, Luis, Gopinath, Shankar, Gullapalli, Rao, Hemphill, J Claude, Hotz, Gillian, Keene, C. Dirk, Kramer, Joel, Kreitzer, Natalie, Levin, Harvey, Lindsell, Chris, Machamer, Joan, Madden, Christopher, Martin, Alastair, McAllister, Thomas, McCrea, Michael, Merchant, Randall, Mukherjee, Pratik, Nelson, Lindsay, Ngwenya, Laura B., Noel, Florence, Nolan, Amber, Okonkwo, David, Palacios, Eva, Perl, Daniel, Puccio, Ava, Rabinowitz, Miri, Robertson, Claudia, Rosand, Jonathan, Sander, Angelle, Satris, Gabriella, Schnyer, David, Seabury, Seth, Sherer, Mark, Stein, Murray, Taylor, Sabrina, Temkin, Nancy, Toga, Arthur, Valadka, Alex, Vassar, Mary, Vespa, Paul, Wang, Kevin, Yue, John K., Yuh, Esther, and Zafonte, Ross

Published
2022
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37. Functional Outcomes Over the First Year After Moderate to Severe Traumatic Brain Injury in the Prospective, Longitudinal TRACK-TBI Study.

Author

McCrea, Michael A., Giacino, Joseph T., Barber, Jason, Temkin, Nancy R., Nelson, Lindsay D., Levin, Harvey S., Dikmen, Sureyya, Stein, Murray, Bodien, Yelena G., Boase, Kim, Taylor, Sabrina R., Vassar, Mary, Mukherjee, Pratik, Robertson, Claudia, Diaz-Arrastia, Ramon, Okonkwo, David O., Markowitz, Amy J., Manley, Geoffrey T., Adeoye, Opeolu, and Badjatia, Neeraj

Published
2021
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38. Cognitive Outcome 1 Year After Mild Traumatic Brain Injury

Author

Schneider, Andrea L.C., Huie, J. Russell, Boscardin, W. John, Nelson, Lindsay, Barber, Jason K., Yaffe, Kristine, Diaz-Arrastia, Ramon, Ferguson, Adam R., Kramer, Joel, Jain, Sonia, Temkin, Nancy, Yuh, Esther, Manley, Geoffrey T., Gardner, Raquel C., Badjatia, Neeraj, Boase, Kim, Duhaime, Ann-Christine, Feeser, V. Ramana, Keene, C. Dirk, McCrea, Michael, Merchant, Randall, Ngwenya, Laura B., Okonkwo, David, Puccio, Ava, Robertson, Claudia, Schnyer, David, Stein, Murray, Stein, Murray, Vasser, Mary, Yue, John K., and Zafonte, Ross

Published
2022
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39. Optimizing Outcome Assessment in Multicenter TBI Trials: Perspectives From TRACK-TBI and the TBI Endpoints Development Initiative.

Author

Bodien, Yelena G, Bodien, Yelena G, McCrea, Michael, Dikmen, Sureyya, Temkin, Nancy, Boase, Kim, Machamer, Joan, Taylor, Sabrina R, Sherer, Mark, Levin, Harvey, Kramer, Joel H, Corrigan, John D, McAllister, Thomas W, Whyte, John, Manley, Geoffrey T, Giacino, Joseph T, TRACK-TBI Investigators, Bodien, Yelena G, Bodien, Yelena G, McCrea, Michael, Dikmen, Sureyya, Temkin, Nancy, Boase, Kim, Machamer, Joan, Taylor, Sabrina R, Sherer, Mark, Levin, Harvey, Kramer, Joel H, Corrigan, John D, McAllister, Thomas W, Whyte, John, Manley, Geoffrey T, Giacino, Joseph T, and TRACK-TBI Investigators

Abstract

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a global public health problem that affects the long-term cognitive, physical, and psychological health of patients, while also having a major impact on family and caregivers. In stark contrast to the effective trials that have been conducted in other neurological diseases, nearly 30 studies of interventions employed during acute hospital care for TBI have failed to identify treatments that improve outcome. Many factors may confound the ability to detect true and meaningful treatment effects. One promising area for improving the precision of intervention studies is to optimize the validity of the outcome assessment battery by using well-designed tools and data collection strategies to reduce variability in the outcome data. The Transforming Research and Clinical Knowledge in TBI (TRACK-TBI) study, conducted at 18 sites across the United States, implemented a multidimensional outcome assessment battery with 22 measures aimed at characterizing TBI outcome up to 1 year postinjury. In parallel, through the TBI Endpoints Development (TED) Initiative, federal agencies and investigators have partnered to identify the most valid, reliable, and sensitive outcome assessments for TBI. Here, we present lessons learned from the TRACK-TBI and TED initiatives aimed at optimizing the validity of outcome assessment in TBI.

Published
2018

40. Recovery After Mild Traumatic Brain Injury in Patients Presenting to US Level I Trauma Centers: A Transforming Research and Clinical Knowledge in Traumatic Brain Injury (TRACK-TBI) Study.

Author

Nelson, Lindsay D., Temkin, Nancy R., Dikmen, Sureyya, Barber, Jason, Giacino, Joseph T., Yuh, Esther, Levin, Harvey S., McCrea, Michael A., Stein, Murray B., Mukherjee, Pratik, Okonkwo, David O., Diaz-Arrastia, Ramon, Manley, Geoffrey T., Adeoye, Opeolu, Badjatia, Neeraj, Boase, Kim, Bodien, Yelena, Bullock, M. Ross, Chesnut, Randall, and Corrigan, John D.

Published
2019
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41. Functional Status Examination versus Glasgow Outcome Scale Extended as Outcome Measures in Traumatic Brain Injuries: How Do They Compare?

Author

Dikmen, Sureyya, Machamer, Joan, Manley, Geoffrey T., Yuh, Esther L., Nelson, Lindsay D., Temkin, Nancy R., Adeoye, Opeolu, Badjatia, Neeraj, Boase, Kim, Bodien, Yelena, Ross Bullock, M., Chesnut, Randall, Corrigan, John D., Crawford, Karen, Diaz-Arrastia, Ramon, Duhaime, Ann-Christine, Ellenbogen, Richard, Feeser, V. Ramana, Ferguson, Adam, and Foreman, Brandon

Published
2019
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42. Article 7 Results of the Citicoline Brain Injury Treatment (COBRIT) Trial

Author

Novack, Thomas, primary, Zafonte, Ross, additional, Ansel, Beth, additional, Dikmen, Sureyya, additional, Hart, Tessa, additional, Ricker, Joe, additional, Hesdorffer, Dale, additional, Atkins, Keith, additional, Boase, Kim, additional, Aarabi, Bizhan, additional, Marquez de la Plata, Carlos, additional, and Hsu, Nancy, additional

Published
2011
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43. Association of Sex and Age With Mild Traumatic Brain Injury–Related Symptoms: A TRACK-TBI Study.

Author

Levin, Harvey S., Temkin, Nancy R., Barber, Jason, Nelson, Lindsay D., Robertson, Claudia, Brennan, Jeffrey, Stein, Murray B., Yue, John K., Giacino, Joseph T., McCrea, Michael A., Diaz-Arrastia, Ramon, Mukherjee, Pratik, Okonkwo, David O., Boase, Kim, Markowitz, Amy J., Bodien, Yelena, Taylor, Sabrina, Vassar, Mary J., Manley, Geoffrey T., and Adeoye, Opeolu

Published
2021
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44. Risk of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Major Depression in Civilian Patients After Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: A TRACK-TBI Study.

Author

Stein MB, Jain S, Giacino JT, Levin H, Dikmen S, Nelson LD, Vassar MJ, Okonkwo DO, Diaz-Arrastia R, Robertson CS, Mukherjee P, McCrea M, Mac Donald CL, Yue JK, Yuh E, Sun X, Campbell-Sills L, Temkin N, Manley GT, Adeoye O, Badjatia N, Boase K, Bodien Y, Bullock MR, Chesnut R, Corrigan JD, Crawford K, Diaz-Arrastia R, Dikmen S, Duhaime AC, Ellenbogen R, Feeser VR, Ferguson A, Foreman B, Gardner R, Gaudette E, Giacino JT, Gonzalez L, Gopinath S, Gullapalli R, Hemphill JC, Hotz G, Jain S, Korley F, Kramer J, Kreitzer N, Levin H, Lindsell C, Machamer J, Madden C, Martin A, McAllister T, McCrea M, Merchant R, Mukherjee P, Nelson LD, Noel F, Okonkwo DO, Palacios E, Perl D, Puccio A, Rabinowitz M, Robertson CS, Rosand J, Sander A, Satris G, Schnyer D, Seabury S, Sherer M, Stein MB, Taylor S, Toga A, Temkin N, Valadka A, Vassar MJ, Vespa P, Wang K, Yue JK, Yuh E, and Zafonte R

Subjects
Adolescent, Adult, Case-Control Studies, Comorbidity, Emergency Service, Hospital, Female, Glasgow Coma Scale, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Prevalence, Prospective Studies, Risk Factors, Young Adult, Brain Injuries, Traumatic epidemiology, Depressive Disorder, Major epidemiology, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic epidemiology
Abstract

Importance: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) has been associated with adverse mental health outcomes, such as posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and major depressive disorder (MDD), but little is known about factors that modify risk for these psychiatric sequelae, particularly in the civilian sector., Objective: To ascertain prevalence of and risk factors for PTSD and MDD among patients evaluated in the emergency department for mild TBI (mTBI)., Design, Setting, and Participants: Prospective longitudinal cohort study (February 2014 to May 2018). Posttraumatic stress disorder and MDD symptoms were assessed using the PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 Item. Risk factors evaluated included preinjury and injury characteristics. Propensity score weights-adjusted multivariable logistic regression models were performed to assess associations with PTSD and MDD. A total of 1155 patients with mTBI (Glasgow Coma Scale score, 13-15) and 230 patients with nonhead orthopedic trauma injuries 17 years and older seen in 11 US hospitals with level 1 trauma centers were included in this study., Main Outcomes and Measures: Probable PTSD (PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 score, ≥33) and MDD (Patient Health Questionnaire-9 Item score, ≥15) at 3, 6, and 12 months postinjury., Results: Participants were 1155 patients (752 men [65.1%]; mean [SD] age, 40.5 [17.2] years) with mTBI and 230 patients (155 men [67.4%]; mean [SD] age, 40.4 [15.6] years) with nonhead orthopedic trauma injuries. Weights-adjusted prevalence of PTSD and/or MDD in the mTBI vs orthopedic trauma comparison groups at 3 months was 20.0% (SE, 1.4%) vs 8.7% (SE, 2.2%) (P < .001) and at 6 months was 21.2% (SE, 1.5%) vs 12.1% (SE, 3.2%) (P = .03). Risk factors for probable PTSD at 6 months after mTBI included less education (adjusted odds ratio, 0.89; 95% CI, 0.82-0.97 per year), being black (adjusted odds ratio, 5.11; 95% CI, 2.89-9.05), self-reported psychiatric history (adjusted odds ratio, 3.57; 95% CI, 2.09-6.09), and injury resulting from assault or other violence (adjusted odds ratio, 3.43; 95% CI, 1.56-7.54). Risk factors for probable MDD after mTBI were similar with the exception that cause of injury was not associated with increased risk., Conclusions and Relevance: After mTBI, some individuals, on the basis of education, race/ethnicity, history of mental health problems, and cause of injury were at substantially increased risk of PTSD and/or MDD. These findings should influence recognition of at-risk individuals and inform efforts at surveillance, follow-up, and intervention.

Published
2019
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45. Assessment of Follow-up Care After Emergency Department Presentation for Mild Traumatic Brain Injury and Concussion: Results From the TRACK-TBI Study.

Author

Seabury SA, Gaudette É, Goldman DP, Markowitz AJ, Brooks J, McCrea MA, Okonkwo DO, Manley GT, Adeoye O, Badjatia N, Boase K, Bodien Y, Bullock MR, Chesnut R, Corrigan JD, Crawford K, Diaz-Arrastia R, Dikmen S, Duhaime AC, Ellenbogen R, Feeser VR, Ferguson A, Foreman B, Gardner R, Giacino J, Gonzalez L, Gopinath S, Gullapalli R, Hemphill JC, Hotz G, Jain S, Korley F, Kramer J, Kreitzer N, Levin H, Lindsell C, Machamer J, Madden C, Martin A, McAllister T, Merchant R, Mukherjee P, Nelson L, Noel F, Palacios E, Perl D, Puccio A, Rabinowitz M, Robertson C, Rosand J, Sander A, Satris G, Schnyer D, Sherer M, Stein M, Taylor S, Temkin N, Toga A, Valadka A, Vassar M, Vespa P, Wang K, Yue J, Yuh E, and Zafonte R

Subjects
Adult, Aftercare methods, Brain Concussion, Emergency Service, Hospital, Female, Glasgow Coma Scale, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Pamphlets, Prospective Studies, Trauma Centers, United States, Young Adult, Aftercare statistics & numerical data, Brain Injuries, Traumatic therapy
Abstract

Importance: Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) affects millions of Americans each year. Lack of consistent clinical practice raises concern that many patients with mTBI may not receive adequate follow-up care., Objective: To characterize the provision of follow-up care to patients with mTBI during the first 3 months after injury., Design, Setting, and Participants: This cohort study used data on patients with mTBI enrolled in the Transforming Research and Clinical Knowledge in Traumatic Brain Injury (TRACK-TBI) study between February 26, 2014, and August 25, 2016. We examined site-specific variations in follow-up care, the types of clinicians seen by patients receiving follow-up care, and patient and injury characteristics associated with a higher likelihood of receiving follow-up care. The TRACK-TBI study is a prospective, multicenter, longitudinal observational study of patients with TBI presenting to the emergency department of 1 of 11 level I US trauma centers. Study data included patients with head trauma who underwent a computed tomography (CT) scan within 24 hours of injury, had a Glasgow Coma Scale score of 13 to 15, were aged 17 years or older, and completed follow-up care surveys at 2 weeks and 3 months after injury (N = 831)., Main Outcomes and Measures: Follow-up care was defined as hospitals providing TBI educational material at discharge, hospitals calling patients to follow up, and patients seeing a physician or other medical practitioner within 3 months after the injury. Unfavorable outcomes were assessed with the Rivermead Post Concussion Symptoms Questionnaire., Results: Of 831 patients (289 [35%] female; 483 [58%] non-Hispanic white; mean [SD] age, 40.3 [16.9] years), less than half self-reported receiving TBI educational material at discharge (353 patients [42%]) or seeing a physician or other health care practitioner within 3 months after injury (367 patients [44%]). Follow-up care varied by study site; adjusting for patient characteristics, the provision of educational material varied from 19% to 72% across sites. Of 236 patients with a positive finding on a CT scan, 92 (39%) had not seen a medical practitioner 3 months after the injury. Adjusting for injury severity and demographics, patient admission to the hospital ward or intensive care unit, patient income, and insurance status were not associated with the probability of seeing a medical practitioner. Among the patients with 3 or more moderate to severe postconcussive symptoms, only 145 of 279 (52%) reported having seen a medical practitioner by 3 months., Conclusions and Relevance: There are gaps in follow-up care for patients with mTBI after hospital discharge, even those with a positive finding on CT or who continue to experience postconcussive symptoms.

Published
2018
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