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1. Asymptomatic and symptomatic deep venous thrombosis in hospitalized acutely ill medical patients. risk factors and therapeutic implications

Author

Loffredo L., Vidili G., Sciacqua A., Cogliati C., Di Giulio R., Bernardini S., Ciacci P., Pietrangelo A., Orlando F., Paraninfi A., Boddi M., Di Minno G., Falsetti L., Lodigiani C., Santoliquido A., Ettorre E., Pignatelli P., Arezzo M. F., Gutu E., Harenberg J., Violi F., Casciaro M. A., Morelli S., Accapezzato D., Rossi E., Palumbo I. M., Pannunzio A., Fallarino A., Maggio E., Bocchini V. P., Gioia C., Izzo R., Luongo R., Cosenza M., Bisciglia M. F., Battaglia S., Pirillo L. S., Capozza A., Summa M. L., Armentaro G., Volpentesta M., Rullo R., Baldinia L., Arienti V., Meloni P. L., Sauchella A., Melis S., Berria M., Solinas B., Vilardi L., Sarobba P., Pisanu M., Mangatia P., Cringoli M., Blanca D., Casella F., Vegetti A., Crociani A., Donnarumma E., Pacciani G., Rovereto R., Lunardi S., Tufano A., Pacetti V., Domenicali M., Leopoldo P., Ceci F., Loffredo, L., Vidili, G., Sciacqua, A., Cogliati, C., Di Giulio, R., Bernardini, S., Ciacci, P., Pietrangelo, A., Orlando, F., Paraninfi, A., Boddi, M., Di Minno, G., Falsetti, L., Lodigiani, C., Santoliquido, A., Ettorre, E., Pignatelli, P., Arezzo, M. F., Gutu, E., Harenberg, J., Violi, F., Casciaro, M. A., Morelli, S., Accapezzato, D., Rossi, E., Palumbo, I. M., Pannunzio, A., Fallarino, A., Maggio, E., Bocchini, V. P., Gioia, C., Izzo, R., Luongo, R., Cosenza, M., Bisciglia, M. F., Battaglia, S., Pirillo, L. S., Capozza, A., Summa, M. L., Armentaro, G., Volpentesta, M., Rullo, R., Baldinia, L., Arienti, V., Meloni, P. L., Sauchella, A., Melis, S., Berria, M., Solinas, B., Vilardi, L., Sarobba, P., Pisanu, M., Mangatia, P., Cringoli, M., Blanca, D., Casella, F., Vegetti, A., Crociani, A., Donnarumma, E., Pacciani, G., Rovereto, R., Lunardi, S., Tufano, A., Pacetti, V., Domenicali, M., Leopoldo, P., and Ceci, F.

Subjects
anticoagulants, asymptomatic deep venous thrombosis, compression ultrasound, Anticoagulant, medical patient, Hematology, Asymptomatic deep venous thrombosi, Deep venous thrombosi, deep venous thrombosis
Abstract

Background Acutely ill medical patients experience deep venous thrombosis (DVT) during the hospitalization, however the time course of DVT is still unclear. Objectives To evaluate risk factors in acutely ill hospitalized medical patients for proximal asymptomatic DVT (ADVT) and symptomatic DVT (SDVT) at admission and discharge. Patients/Methods In this prospective observational study, consecutive acutely ill medical patients (hospitalized mainly for acute medical disease as infections, neoplasm, anemia, heart failure) underwent compression ultrasonography (CUS) of proximal lower limb veins within 48 h from admission and at discharge to diagnose ADVT and SDVT. Covid-19 patients, anticoagulant therapy, surgical procedures, acute SDVT, and acute pulmonary embolism, were exclusion criteria. Biographical characteristics at hospitalization, D-Dimer (assessed by ELISA)) and DD-improve score. Results Of 2,100 patients (1002 females, 998 males, age 71 ± 16 years) 58 (2.7%) had proximal ADVT at admission. Logistic regression analysis showed that age, and active cancer were independently associated with ADVT at admission. The median length of hospitalization was 10 days [interquartile range: 6–15]. During the hospital stay, 6 patients (0.3%) with a negative CUS at admission experienced DVT (2 SDVT and 4 ADVT). In the subgroup of patients (n = 1118), in whom D-dimer was measured at admission, D-Dimer and IMPROVE-DD score were associated with ADVT at admission (n = 37) and with all DVT (n = 42) at discharge. ROC curve defined an IMPROVE-DD score of 2.5 as the optimal cut-off for discriminating patients with and without thrombotic events. Conclusions We provide evidence of early development of ADVT in unselected acutely ill medical patients suggesting the need of investigating patients by CUS immediately after hospital admission (within 48 h). Advanced age, active cancer, known thrombophilia and increased IMPROVE-DD score may identify patients at risk. The benefit of anticoagulation needs to be investigated in patients with these specific risk factors and negative CUS at admission. Trial registration NCT03157843.

Published
2022

6. Road Traffic Pollution and Childhood Leukemia: A Nationwide Case-control Study in Italy

Author

Magnani, C, Ranucci, A, Badaloni, C, Cesaroni, G, Ferrante, D, Miligi, L, Mattioli, S, Rondelli, R, Bisanti, L, Zambon, P, Cannizzaro, S, Michelozzi, P, Cocco, P, Celentano, E, Assennato, G, Merlo, D, Mosciatti, P, Minelli, L, Cuttini, M, Torregrossa, M, Lagorio, S, Haupt, R, Forastiere, F, Farioli, A, Salvan, A, Masera, G, Rizzari, C, Greco Veneto, A, Gafa, L, Luzzatto, L, Benvenuti, A, Kirchmayer, U, Galassi, C, Guarino, E, de Nichilo, G, Bocchini, V, Chiavarini, M, Casotto, V, Valenti, R, Risica, S, Polichetti, A, Bochicchio, F, Nuccetelli, C, Biddau, P, Arico, M, Desalvo, G, Locatelli, F, Pession, A, Varotto, S, Poggi, V, Massaglia, P, Monetti, D, Targhetta, R, Bernini, G, Pannelli, F, Sampietro, G, Schiliro, G, Pulsoni, A, Parodi, S, Magnani C., Ranucci A., Badaloni C., Cesaroni G., Ferrante D., Miligi L., Mattioli S., Rondelli R., Bisanti L., Zambon P., Cannizzaro S., Michelozzi P., Cocco P., Celentano E., Assennato G., Merlo D. F., Mosciatti P., Minelli L., Cuttini M., Torregrossa M. V., Lagorio S., Haupt R., Forastiere F., Farioli A., Salvan A., Masera G., Rizzari C., Greco Veneto A., Gafa L., Luzzatto L. L., Benvenuti A., Kirchmayer U., Galassi C., Guarino E., de Nichilo G., Bocchini V., Chiavarini M., Casotto V., Valenti R. M., Risica S., Polichetti A., Bochicchio F., Nuccetelli C., Biddau P., Arico M., DeSalvo G. L., Locatelli F., Pession A., Varotto S., Poggi V., Massaglia P., Monetti D., Targhetta R., Bernini G., Pannelli F., Sampietro G., Schiliro G., Pulsoni A., Parodi S., Magnani, C, Ranucci, A, Badaloni, C, Cesaroni, G, Ferrante, D, Miligi, L, Mattioli, S, Rondelli, R, Bisanti, L, Zambon, P, Cannizzaro, S, Michelozzi, P, Cocco, P, Celentano, E, Assennato, G, Merlo, D, Mosciatti, P, Minelli, L, Cuttini, M, Torregrossa, M, Lagorio, S, Haupt, R, Forastiere, F, Farioli, A, Salvan, A, Masera, G, Rizzari, C, Greco Veneto, A, Gafa, L, Luzzatto, L, Benvenuti, A, Kirchmayer, U, Galassi, C, Guarino, E, de Nichilo, G, Bocchini, V, Chiavarini, M, Casotto, V, Valenti, R, Risica, S, Polichetti, A, Bochicchio, F, Nuccetelli, C, Biddau, P, Arico, M, Desalvo, G, Locatelli, F, Pession, A, Varotto, S, Poggi, V, Massaglia, P, Monetti, D, Targhetta, R, Bernini, G, Pannelli, F, Sampietro, G, Schiliro, G, Pulsoni, A, Parodi, S, Magnani C., Ranucci A., Badaloni C., Cesaroni G., Ferrante D., Miligi L., Mattioli S., Rondelli R., Bisanti L., Zambon P., Cannizzaro S., Michelozzi P., Cocco P., Celentano E., Assennato G., Merlo D. F., Mosciatti P., Minelli L., Cuttini M., Torregrossa M. V., Lagorio S., Haupt R., Forastiere F., Farioli A., Salvan A., Masera G., Rizzari C., Greco Veneto A., Gafa L., Luzzatto L. L., Benvenuti A., Kirchmayer U., Galassi C., Guarino E., de Nichilo G., Bocchini V., Chiavarini M., Casotto V., Valenti R. M., Risica S., Polichetti A., Bochicchio F., Nuccetelli C., Biddau P., Arico M., DeSalvo G. L., Locatelli F., Pession A., Varotto S., Poggi V., Massaglia P., Monetti D., Targhetta R., Bernini G., Pannelli F., Sampietro G., Schiliro G., Pulsoni A., and Parodi S.

Abstract

Background The association of childhood leukemia with traffic pollution was considered in a number of studies from 1989 onwards, with results not entirely consistent and little information regarding subtypes. Aim of the study We used the data of the Italian SETIL case-control on childhood leukemia to explore the risk by leukemia subtypes associated to exposure to vehicular traffic. Methods We included in the analyses 648 cases of childhood leukemia (565 Acute lymphoblastic–ALL and 80 Acute non lymphoblastic-AnLL) and 980 controls. Information on traffic exposure was collected from questionnaire interviews and from the geocoding of house addresses, for all periods of life of the children. Results We observed an increase in risk for AnLL, and at a lower extent for ALL, with indicators of exposure to traffic pollutants. In particular, the risk was associated to the report of closeness of the house to traffic lights and to the passage of trucks (OR: 1.76; 95% CI 1.03–3.01 for ALL and 6.35; 95% CI 2.59–15.6 for AnLL). The association was shown also in the analyses limited to AML and in the stratified analyses and in respect to the house in different period of life. Conclusions Results from the SETIL study provide some support to the association of traffic related exposure and risk for AnLL, but at a lesser extent for ALL. Our conclusion highlights the need for leukemia type specific analyses in future studies. Results support the need of controlling exposure from traffic pollution, even if knowledge is not complete.

Published
2016

7. Air pollution and childhood leukaemia: a nationwide case-control study in Italy

Author

Badaloni, C., Ranucci, A., Cesaroni, G., Zanini, G., Vienneau, D., Al Aidrous, F., De Hoogh, K., Magnani, C., Forastiere, F., Mattioli, Stefano, Miligi, L., Rondelli, R., Salvan, A., Masera, G., Rizzari, C., Bisanti, L., Zambon, P., Greco, A., Cannizzaro, S., Gafa, L., Luzzatto, L. L., Benvenuti, A., Michelozzi, P., Kirchmayer, U., Cocco, P., Galassi, C., Celentano, E., Guarino, E., Assennato, G., de Nichilo, G., Merlo, D. F., Bocchini, V., Mosciatti, P., Minelli, L., Chiavarini, M., Cuttini, M., Casotto, V., Torregrossa, M. V., Valenti, R. M., Haupt, R., Lagorio, S., Risica, S., Polichetti, A., Bochicchio, F., Nuccetelli, C., Biddau, P., Arico, M., De Salvo, G. L., Locatelli, F., Pession, Andrea, Varotto, S., Poggi, V., Massaglia, P., Monetti, D., Targhetta, R., Bernini, G., Pannelli, F., Sampietro, G., Schiliro, G., Pulsoni, A., Badaloni, C., Ranucci, A., Cesaroni, G., Zanini, G., Vienneau, D., Al-Aidrous, F., De Hoogh, K., Magnani, C., Forastiere, F., C. Badaloni, A. Ranucci, G. Cesaroni, G. Zanini, D. Vienneau, F. Al-Aidrou, K. De Hoogh, C. Magnani, F. Forastiere, S. Mattioli, L. Miligi, R. Rondelli, A. Salvan, G. Masera, C. Rizzari, L. Bisanti, P. Zambon, A. Greco, S. Cannizzaro, L. Gafa, L. L. Luzzatto, A. Benvenuti, P. Michelozzi, U. Kirchmayer, P. Cocco, C. Galassi, E. Celentano, E. Guarino, G. Assennato, G. de Nichilo, D. F. Merlo, V. Bocchini, P. Mosciatti, L. Minelli, M. Chiavarini, M. Cuttini, V. Casotto, M. V. Torregrossa, R. M. Valenti, R. Haupt, S. Lagorio, S. Risica, A. Polichetti, F. Bochicchio, C. Nuccetelli, P. Biddau, M. Arico, G. L. De Salvo, F. Locatelli, A. Pession, S. Varotto, V. Poggi, P. Massaglia, D. Monetti, R. Targhetta, G. Bernini, F. Pannelli, G. Sampietro, G. Schiliro, and A. Pulsoni

Subjects
Male, Pediatrics, Air pollution, NO2, Land use Regression Model, Logistic regression, medicine.disease_cause, Economica, Residence Characteristics, USE REGRESSION-MODELS, Medicine, Child, Children, Vehicle Emissions, General Environmental Science, USE REGRESSION-MODELS, RESIDENTIAL TRAFFIC DENSITY, MAGNETIC-FIELDS, POOLED ANALYSIS, RISK-FACTOR, CANCER, EXPOSURE, CHILDREN, NO2, ASSOCIATION, Leukemia, Incidence, Incidence (epidemiology), ASSOCIATION, CANCER, Childhood leukaemia, Italy, Child, Preschool, Female, Case-Control Studie, Human, medicine.medical_specialty, Socio-culturale, MAGNETIC-FIELDS, POOLED ANALYSIS, RISK-FACTOR, Air Pollution, Occupational Exposure, Environmental health, Traffic Indicator, Humans, EXPOSURE, RESIDENTIAL TRAFFIC DENSITY, Exposure assessment, Vehicle Emission, business.industry, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Case-control study, Ambientale, Infant, Carcinogens, Environmental, Automobile, Case-Control Studies, Residence Characteristic, Dispersion Model, Etiology, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Particulate Matter, Residence, business, Automobiles
Abstract

Objectives Leukaemia is the most common cancer in children, but its aetiology is still poorly understood. We tested the hypothesis that traffic-related air pollution is associated with paediatric leukaemia because of chronic exposure to several potential carcinogens. Methods The Italian SETIL study (Study on the aetiology of lymphohematopoietic malignancies in children) was conducted in 14 Italian regions. All incident cases of leukaemia in children aged ≤10 years from these regions (period 1998–2001) were eligible for enrolment. Two controls per case, matched on birth date, gender and region of residence were randomly selected from the local population registries. Exposure assessment at birth residence included traffic indicators (distance to main roads and length of main roads within 100 m) and estimates of pollutants concentrations (particulate matter -PM 2.5 and PM 10 - and gases -NO 2 and O 3 -) from national dispersion model and land use regression models. The association between the exposure variables and leukaemia was assessed by logistic regression analyses. Results Participation rates were 91.4% among cases and 69.2% in controls; 620 cases (544 acute lymphocytic and 76 acute non-lymphocytic leukaemia) and 957 controls were included. Overall, when considering the residence at birth, 35.6% of cases and 42.4% of controls lived along busy roads, and the mean annual PM 10 levels were 33.3 (SD=6.3) and 33.4 µg/m 3 (SD=6.5), respectively. No association was found, and all ORs, independent of the method of assessment and the exposure windows, were close to the null value. Conclusions Using various exposure assessment strategies, air pollution appears not to affect the incidence of childhood leukaemia.

Published
2013

8. Italian multicentricepidemiological case control strudy on risk factors for childhood leukemia,non hodgkin limphoma and neuroblastoma:study population and prevalence of risk factors in Italy

Author

Magnani, C, Mattioli, S, Miligi, L, Ranucci, A, Rondelli, R, Salvan, A, Bisanti, L, Masera, G, Rizzari, C, Zambon, P, Cannizzaro, S, Gafà, L, Luzzatto, LL, Benvenuti, A, Michelozzi, P, Kirchmayer, U, Cocco, P, Biddau, P, Galassi, C, Celentano, E, Guarino, E, Assennato, G, Nichilo, GD, Merlo, DF, Bocchini, V, Pannelli, F, Mosciatti, P, Minelli, L, Chiavarini, M, Cuttini, M, Casotto, V, Forastiere, F, Haupt, R, Lagorio, S, Risica, S, Polichetti, A., TORREGROSSA, Maria Valeria, VALENTI, Rosalia Maria, Magnani, C, Mattioli, S, Miligi, L, Ranucci, A, Rondelli, R, Salvan, A, Bisanti, L, Masera, G, Rizzari, C, Zambon, P, Cannizzaro, S, Gafà, L, Luzzatto, LL, Benvenuti, A, Michelozzi, P, Kirchmayer, U, Cocco, P, Biddau, P, Galassi, C, Celentano, E, Guarino, E, Assennato, G, Nichilo, GD, Merlo, DF, Bocchini, V, Pannelli, F, Mosciatti, P, Minelli, L, Chiavarini, M, Cuttini, M, Casotto, V, Torregrossa, MV, Valenti, RM, Forastiere, F, Haupt, R, Lagorio, S, Risica, S, and Polichetti, A

Subjects
Settore MED/42 - Igiene Generale E Applicata, childhood leukemia, childhood neoplasm
Abstract

Background Aetiology of childhood leukaemia and childhood neoplasm is poorly understood. Information on the prevalence of risk factors in the childhood population is limited. SETIL is a population based case/control study on childhood leukaemia, conducted with two companion studies on non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (NHL) and neuroblastoma. The study relies on questionnaire interviews and 50 Hz magnetic field (ELF-MF) indoor measurements. This paper discusses the SETIL study design and includes descriptive information. Methods The study was carried out in 14 Italian regions (78.3% of Italian population aged 0?10). It included leukaemia, NHL and neuroblastoma cases incident in 0?10 year olds in 1998-2001,registered by the Italian Association of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology (AIEOP)(accrual over 95% of estimated incidence). Two controls for each leukaemia case were randomly sampled from the Local Health Authorities rolls, matched by gender, birthdate and residence. The same controls were used in NHL and neuroblastoma studies. Parents were interviewed at home on: physical agents (ELF-MF and ionizing radiation), chemicals (smoking, solvents, traffic, insecticides), occupation, medical and personal history of children and parents, infectious diseases, immunizations and associated factors. Occupational exposure was collected using job specific modules. ELF-MF was measured in the main rooms (spot measurement) and close to child?s bed (48 hours measurement). Results The study included: 683 leukaemia cases (87% ALL, 13% AnLL), 97 NHL, 155 neuroblastomas, and 1044 controls.ELF-MF long term measurements were obtained for 61.1% of controls and 81.6% of leukaemia cases; 8.8% of controls were exposed at over 0.1 microTesla (μT), 3.5% and 2.1% at respectively over 0.2 and 0.3 μT. 25% of controls? fathers had smoked over 10 cigarettes/day during the year of conception, varying according to education and region. Maternal smoking was less common (71.4% did not smoke in pregnancy). Maternal passive smoking during pregnancy was reported by 31.2% of controls; the child?s passive smoking for 28.6%. Occupational exposure to solvents was estimated in 18.3% of controls? fathers and 7.7% of mothers. Contact with public was more frequent among mothers (36.1%) than fathers (23.4%). Conclusions SETIL represents a data source on exposure of Italian children to a broad array of potential carcinogenic factors.

Published
2014

9. Risk of neuroblastoma, maternal characteristics and perinatal exposures: the SETIL study

Author

Parodi S, Merlo DF, Ranucci A, Miligi L, Benvenuti A, Rondelli R, Magnani C, Haupt R, Mattioli S, Salvan A, Masera G, Rizzari C, Bisanti L, Zambon P, Greco Veneto A, Cannizzaro S, Gafà L, Luzzatto LL, Michelozzi P, Kirchmayer U, Cocco P, Galassi C, Celentano E, Guarino E, Assennato G, de Nichilo G, Bocchini V, Mosciatti P, Pubblica S, Minelli L, Chiavarini M, Cuttini M, Casotto V, Torregrossa MV, Valenti RM, Forastiere F, Lagorio S, Risica S, Polichetti A, Bochicchio F, Nuccetelli C, Biddau P, Aricò M, DeSalvo GL, Locatelli F, Pession A, Varotto S, Poggi V, Massaglia P, Monetti D, Targhetta R, Bernini G, Lippi A, Nardi M, Acquaviva A, Pannelli F, Tumori R, Sampietro G, Schilirò G, Pulsoni A, Legittimo P, Barone Adesi F, Cavariani F, Belletti I, Troeschel L, Calisti R, Marche C, Silvestri S, Sommani L, Farioli A, Tozzi GA, Terracini B, Paolucci G, Andreuccetti D, Anglesio L, Bertolotti M, Bevitori P, Biancotto R, Biggeri A, Bucci S, Comba P, Crosignani P, d'Amore G, Duglio E, Erna M, Ferrante D, Gelli L, Gilardetti M, Guidotti P, Lombardi M, Loomis D, Magnoni M, Merletti F, Miceli G, Mozzo P, Poggi A, Pons O, Rasulo A, Roletti S, Rosa M, Mestre V, Ru O, Russo G, Sgorbati G, Simonato L, Sivo D, Stievano B, Tofani S, Troti F, Tumino R, Valle M, Vecchia P, Erminio G, Galleni B., PANICO, SALVATORE, Parodi, Stefano, Merlo, Domenico Franco, Ranucci, Alessandra, Miligi, Lucia, Benvenuti, Alessandra, Rondelli, Roberto, Magnani, Corrado, Haupt, Riccardo, [ .., Mattioli, Stefano, ], Parodi, S, Merlo, Df, Ranucci, A, Miligi, L, Benvenuti, A, Rondelli, R, Magnani, C, Haupt, R, Mattioli, S, Salvan, A, Masera, G, Rizzari, C, Bisanti, L, Zambon, P, Greco Veneto, A, Cannizzaro, S, Gafà, L, Luzzatto, Ll, Michelozzi, P, Kirchmayer, U, Cocco, P, Galassi, C, Celentano, E, Guarino, E, Assennato, G, de Nichilo, G, Bocchini, V, Mosciatti, P, Pubblica, S, Minelli, L, Chiavarini, M, Cuttini, M, Casotto, V, Torregrossa, Mv, Valenti, Rm, Forastiere, F, Lagorio, S, Risica, S, Polichetti, A, Bochicchio, F, Nuccetelli, C, Biddau, P, Aricò, M, Desalvo, Gl, Locatelli, F, Pession, A, Varotto, S, Poggi, V, Massaglia, P, Monetti, D, Targhetta, R, Bernini, G, Lippi, A, Nardi, M, Acquaviva, A, Pannelli, F, Tumori, R, Sampietro, G, Schilirò, G, Pulsoni, A, Legittimo, P, Barone Adesi, F, Cavariani, F, Belletti, I, Troeschel, L, Calisti, R, Marche, C, Silvestri, S, Sommani, L, Farioli, A, Tozzi, Ga, Terracini, B, Paolucci, G, Andreuccetti, D, Anglesio, L, Bertolotti, M, Bevitori, P, Biancotto, R, Biggeri, A, Bucci, S, Comba, P, Crosignani, P, D'Amore, G, Duglio, E, Erna, M, Ferrante, D, Gelli, L, Gilardetti, M, Guidotti, P, Lombardi, M, Loomis, D, Magnoni, M, Merletti, F, Miceli, G, Mozzo, P, Panico, Salvatore, Poggi, A, Pons, O, Rasulo, A, Roletti, S, Rosa, M, Mestre, V, Ru, O, Russo, G, Sgorbati, G, Simonato, L, Sivo, D, Stievano, B, Tofani, S, Troti, F, Tumino, R, Valle, M, Vecchia, P, Erminio, G, and Galleni, B.

Subjects
Cancer Research, Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, Epidemiology, Socio-culturale, ELF magnetic fields, ELF magnetic field, Nervous System Malformation, Neuroblastoma, Economica, Work related exposure, parental occupation, male, Pregnancy, Risk Factors, maternal exposure, medicine, Parental occupation, Maternal characteristic, Neurofibromatosis, humans, Neurofibromatosi, neurofibromatosis, business.industry, Risk Factor, Incidence (epidemiology), case-control studies, Ambientale, Congenital malformations, nervous system malformations, Odds ratio, medicine.disease, Pregnancy Complication, Pregnancy Complications, female, Oncology, congenital malformations, maternal characteristics, neuroblastoma, incidence, Etiology, Congenital malformation, Case-Control Studie, business, Human
Abstract

Purpose: Neuroblastoma (NB) is the most common extra-cranial paediatric solid tumour. Incidence peaks in infancy, suggesting a role of in-utero and neonatal exposures but its aetiology is largely unknown. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the association between maternal characteristics and perinatal factors with the risk of NB, using data from the SETIL database. Methods: SETIL is a large Italian population-based case-control study established to evaluate several potential cancer risk factors in 0-10 year olds. Information about maternal characteristics, reproductive history, environmental and occupational exposures during pregnancy, as well as newborns' characteristics were obtained using a structured questionnaire. Extremely low frequency magnetic field (ELF-MF) home exposure was measured. The study included 1044 healthy controls and 153 NB cases, diagnosed between 1998 and 2001. Results: A twofold risk was associated to exposure in pregnancy to chemical products for domestic work and to hair dye. The risk associated with the latter was higher among 0-17 month old children (OR. =. 5.5, 95%CI: 1.0-29.3). Risk was increased for children whose mothers had suffered work related exposure in the preconception period to solvents (OR. =. 2.0 95%CI: 1.0-4.1) and in particular to aromatic hydrocarbons (OR. =. 9.2, 95%CI: 2.4-34.3). No association was observed with ELF-MF exposure. A higher risk was found among children with congenital malformations (OR. =. 4.9, 95%CI: 1.8-13.6) or neurofibromatosis (2 cases and 0 controls, p=. 0.016). Conclusions: Our study suggests maternal exposure to hair dyes and aromatic hydrocarbons plays a role and deserves further investigation. The association with congenital malformations might also be explained by over-diagnosis.External exposure, in particular during and before pregnancy might contribute to NB occurrence.

Published
2014

10. Road Traffic Pollution and Childhood Leukemia: A Nationwide Case-control Study in Italy

Author

Magnani, C., Ranucci, A., Badaloni, C., Cesaroni, G., Ferrante, D., Miligi, L., Mattioli, S., Rondelli, R., Bisanti, L., Zambon, P., Cannizzaro, S., Michelozzi, P., Cocco, P., Celentano, E., Assennato, G., Merlo, D. F., Mosciatti, P., Minelli, L., Cuttini, M., Torregrossa, M. V., Lagorio, S., Haupt, R., Forastiere, F., Farioli, A., Salvan, A., Masera, G., Rizzari, C., Greco Veneto, A., Gafa, L., Luzzatto, L. L., Benvenuti, A., Kirchmayer, U., Galassi, C., Guarino, E., de Nichilo, G., Bocchini, V., Chiavarini, M., Casotto, V., Valenti, R. M., Risica, S., Polichetti, A., Bochicchio, F., Nuccetelli, C., Biddau, P., Arico, M., Desalvo, G. L., Locatelli, Franco, Pession, A., Varotto, S., Poggi, V., Massaglia, P., Monetti, D., Targhetta, R., Bernini, G., Pannelli, F., Sampietro, G., Schiliro, G., Pulsoni, A., Parodi, S., Locatelli F. (ORCID:0000-0002-7976-3654), Magnani, C., Ranucci, A., Badaloni, C., Cesaroni, G., Ferrante, D., Miligi, L., Mattioli, S., Rondelli, R., Bisanti, L., Zambon, P., Cannizzaro, S., Michelozzi, P., Cocco, P., Celentano, E., Assennato, G., Merlo, D. F., Mosciatti, P., Minelli, L., Cuttini, M., Torregrossa, M. V., Lagorio, S., Haupt, R., Forastiere, F., Farioli, A., Salvan, A., Masera, G., Rizzari, C., Greco Veneto, A., Gafa, L., Luzzatto, L. L., Benvenuti, A., Kirchmayer, U., Galassi, C., Guarino, E., de Nichilo, G., Bocchini, V., Chiavarini, M., Casotto, V., Valenti, R. M., Risica, S., Polichetti, A., Bochicchio, F., Nuccetelli, C., Biddau, P., Arico, M., Desalvo, G. L., Locatelli, Franco, Pession, A., Varotto, S., Poggi, V., Massaglia, P., Monetti, D., Targhetta, R., Bernini, G., Pannelli, F., Sampietro, G., Schiliro, G., Pulsoni, A., Parodi, S., and Locatelli F. (ORCID:0000-0002-7976-3654)

Abstract

Background The association of childhood leukemia with traffic pollution was considered in a number of studies from 1989 onwards, with results not entirely consistent and little information regarding subtypes. Aim of the study We used the data of the Italian SETIL case-control on childhood leukemia to explore the risk by leukemia subtypes associated to exposure to vehicular traffic. Methods We included in the analyses 648 cases of childhood leukemia (565 Acute lymphoblastic–ALL and 80 Acute non lymphoblastic-AnLL) and 980 controls. Information on traffic exposure was collected from questionnaire interviews and from the geocoding of house addresses, for all periods of life of the children. Results We observed an increase in risk for AnLL, and at a lower extent for ALL, with indicators of exposure to traffic pollutants. In particular, the risk was associated to the report of closeness of the house to traffic lights and to the passage of trucks (OR: 1.76; 95% CI 1.03–3.01 for ALL and 6.35; 95% CI 2.59–15.6 for AnLL). The association was shown also in the analyses limited to AML and in the stratified analyses and in respect to the house in different period of life. Conclusions Results from the SETIL study provide some support to the association of traffic related exposure and risk for AnLL, but at a lesser extent for ALL. Our conclusion highlights the need for leukemia type specific analyses in future studies. Results support the need of controlling exposure from traffic pollution, even if knowledge is not complete.

Published
2016

21. The A26G replacement in the consensus sequence AXXXXGK[T,S] of the guanine nucleotide binding site activates the intrinsic GTPase of the elongation factor 2 from the archaeon Sulfolobus solfataricus

Author

DE VENDITTIS, E., Adinolfi, B. S., Amatruda, M. R., Raimo, Gennaro, Masullo, M., Bocchini, V., DE VENDITTIS, Emmanuele, Adinolfi, B. S., Amatruda, M. R., Raimo, G., Masullo, M., and Bocchini, V.

Subjects
increased intrinsic GTPase, mutant elongation factor 2, archaeal elongation factor 2, mutation in the GTP-binding motif
Published
1999

27. Children's exposure to environmental pollutants and biomarkers of genetic damage II. Results of a comprehensive literature search and meta-analysis

Author

Neri, M., Donatella Ugolini, Stefano Bonassi, Fucic, A., Nina Holland, Lisbeth E. Knudsen, Rj, Sramd, Marcello Ceppi, Bocchini, V., and Df, Merlo

Subjects
Child welfare, Meta-analysis, Biological markers, child welfare, environmental pollution, bilogical markers, review, metaanalysis, molecular epidemiology, Molecular epidemiology, DNA damage, Environmental pollution
Abstract

The present review is absed on findings from 178 publications retrived through an extensive search of the MedLine/PubMed database for a 25 years time period (1980-2004) and 10 manually identified papers.Among the cytogenetic biomarkers that are frequently used in field studies, chromosome aberrations (CA) and micronuclei (MN) but not sister chromatid exchange (SCE) were found consistently increased in children exposed to environmental pollutants. Meta-analysis of the studies reporting SCE in cord blood showed similar levels of SCE in exposed and non-exposed newborns. Exposure to airborne pollutants, soil and drinking water contaminants, mostly increased CA and to lesser extent, MN levels in children.The effect of exposure to airborne urban pollutants was consistently reported by field studies measuring DNA, albumin and hemoglobin adducts. Prenatal (in utero) and postnatal exposure (environmental tobacco smoke, ETS) to tobacco smoke compunds were associated with increased frequencies of DNA and hemoglobin adducts and CA. The limited number of field studies measuring DNA fragmentation (comet assay) hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (HPRT) and the glycophorin (GPA) mutation frequency in environmentally exposed children precluded a meaningful evaluation of the usefulness of these assays. Meta-analysis peroformed in children exposed to ETS and in newborns exposed in utero to their mother's smoke showed 1.3 and 7 times higher levels of hemoglobin adducts compared to referent subjects, respectively. These increases are consistent with the epidemiological ecidence of higher lung cancer risks reported in adults who had never smoked and were exposed to ETS during childhood and with 7-15 times higher lung cancer risks reported in smokers than in non-smokers. HIgher levels of PAH-DNA adducts were found in fetal than in maternal tissue, suggesting a specific susceptibility of the fetus to this class of ubiquitous environmental pollutants. According to these findings, future research and biomonitoring programs on children would greatly benefit from the inclusion of selected biomarkers that could provide biologically based evidence for the identification of intervention priorities in environmental health.

Published
2006

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