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Background: Pregestational diabetes mellitus (PGDM) is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes including increased rates of caesarean section birth, macrosomia, congenital malformation, prematurity, admission to the neonatal intensive care unit and stillbirth. As a result, there has been an increase in interventions to improve outcomes in both mother and infant. To date, meaningful comparisons between these studies are limited due to heterogeneity in outcome selection and reporting. The aim of this study is to develop a core outcome set (COS) for randomised controlled trials evaluating the effectiveness of interventions for the treatment of pregnant women with PGDM.Methods: The study consists of three steps. The first step is a systematic review of the literature to assess outcomes reported in randomised controlled trials assessing the effectiveness of interventions for the treatment of pregnant women with PGDM. The second step is a three round, online Delphi survey to prioritise these outcomes. In this step, stakeholders (including women with PGDM, healthcare workers, researchers and policymakers) will be asked to rank the importance of outcomes for inclusion in the COS using a 9-point Likert type scale. Outcomes that meet the inclusion criteria after completion of the Delphi surveys will be brought to the consensus meeting. The consensus meeting will be the third and final step, where the COS will be finalised. The consensus meeting will include members from each stakeholder group.Discussion: This paper describes the process used to develop a COS for the reporting of studies evaluating the effectiveness of interventions in pregnant women with PGDM. The COS will enable greater comparison between and information synthesis across RCTs in the treatment of PGDM. In addition, this COS will also help improve trial reporting and minimise research waste by prioritising the collection and reporting of outcomes that matter to all relevant stakeholder groups.Trial Registration: This COS has been registered with the Core Outcome Measures in Effectiveness Trials (COMET) initiative ( http://www.comet-initiative.org/studies/details/1425 ) on the 4th of November 2019. The systematic review component of this study has also been registered with the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) ( https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42020173549 ). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims/hypothesis: The aim of this systematic review was to develop core outcome sets (COSs) for trials evaluating interventions for the prevention or treatment of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Methods: We identified previously reported outcomes through a systematic review of the literature. These outcomes were presented to key stakeholders (including patient representatives, researchers and clinicians) for prioritisation using a three-round, e-Delphi study. A priori consensus criteria informed which outcomes were brought forward for discussion at a face-to-face consensus meeting where the COS was finalised. Results: Our review identified 74 GDM prevention and 116 GDM treatment outcomes, which were presented to stakeholders in round 1 of the e-Delphi study. Round 1 was completed by 173 stakeholders, 70% (121/173) of whom went on to complete round 2; 84% (102/121) of round 2 responders completed round 3. Twenty-two GDM prevention outcomes and 30 GDM treatment outcomes were discussed at the consensus meeting. Owing to significant overlap between included prevention and treatment outcomes, consensus meeting stakeholders agreed to develop a single prevention/treatment COS. Fourteen outcomes were included in the final COS. These consisted of six maternal outcomes (GDM diagnosis, adherence to the intervention, hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, requirement and type of pharmacological therapy for hyperglycaemia, gestational weight gain and mode of birth) and eight neonatal outcomes (birthweight, large for gestational age, small for gestational age, gestational age at birth, preterm birth, neonatal hypoglycaemia, neonatal death and stillbirth). Conclusions/interpretation: This COS will enable future GDM prevention and treatment trials to measure similar outcomes that matter to stakeholders and facilitate comparison and combination of these studies. Trial registration: This study was registered prospectively with the Core Outcome Measures in Effectiveness Trials (COMET) database: http://www.comet-initiative.org/studies/details/686/ [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

pGCD59 is an emerging biomarker for diabetes and GDM. In 1,000 women undergoing 2-step GDM screening, pGCD59 at weeks 24-28 classified GDM subjects with high sensitivity and specificity and was associated with the risk of large for gestational age (LGA) babies. GDM early in pregnancy is a public health challenge because it increases the risk of adverse outcomes. To assess pGCD59 as a predictor of early GDM and abnormal outcomes, levels of pGCD59 were measured in 807 samples from women undergoing a 1-step OGTT (75gr-2hr; WHO 2013 criteria) at <20 weeks gestation in the DALI study, a European trial of women at high risk of GDM. Results: Among 807 samples, 481 subjects had normal glucose tolerance throughout the pregnancy (Controls) and 205 met WHO 2013 criteria for GDM at <20 weeks (Cases). Age, race/ethnicity, and BMI were similar among Cases and Controls. pGCD59 accurately predicted the diagnosis of GDM in early pregnancy (AUCROC = 0.9). The risk of LGA (>90thpercentile) was positively associated with pGCD59 (p = 0.04) in Cases but not in Controls. Cases who delivered LGA newborns had higher median levels of pGCD59 than those who delivered non-LGA newborns (pGCD59 (SPU): Case-LGA: 4.4[1.5], Case-non-LGA 3.8[1.2]; p = 0.03). In contrast, median levels of pGCD59 were similar in Controls who delivered LGA or non-LGA newborns. The risk of congenital malformations or neonatal hypoglycemia was also associated with higher maternal levels of pGCD59: i) mothers who delivered babies with malformations had 60% higher mean pGCD59, ii) the odds ratio of a malformation was 3.4 (95% CI: 1.1, 10.1) in the 4th as compared with the 1st quartile of pGCD59, and iii) one unit increase in pGCD59 was associated with a 70% higher odds ratio of neonatal hypoglycemia. HbA1c failed to predict GDM or abnormal neonatal outcomes. Conclusion: Our results indicate that pGCD59 is a simple and accurate biomarker for early detection of GDM and for risk assessment of its potentially serious complications. Disclosure: J. Halperin: Stock/Shareholder; Self; Mellitus, LLC. D. Ma: None. M.A. Luque-Fernandez: None. D. Bogdanet: None. G. Desoye: None. F.P. Dunne: None. Funding: National Institutes of Health (R01DK101442 to J.H.); European Union (242187) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: This is a protocol for a Cochrane Review (prototype). The objectives are as follows: Main objective To assess the effects of alcohol consumption on the progression to symptomatic (stage C) heart failure in people at risk for heart failure (stage A) or in people with pre-heart failure (stage B). Secondary objectives To assess the effects of alcohol consumption on progression of left ventricular dysfunction in people with stage A or stage B heart failure. We will assess the effect of alcohol consumption on the development of heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, mildly reduced ejection fraction, and preserved ejection fraction. We also aim to evaluate the effects of alcohol consumption on the development of symptomatic (stage C) heart failure over the short, medium and long term., (Copyright © 2024 The Cochrane Collaboration. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.)