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Dietary concentrations of phytate are crucial for its anti-nutritive properties and its negative impact on P availability. The increase of dietary phytate level is shown to increase endogenous losses of amino acids and minerals in pigs. The partial availability of the P component of phytate to simple-stomached species attains importance as the world's rock phosphate reserves are not renewable, which could lead to a P supply crisis in the future. Supplementing phytase is becoming increasingly common as a method to improve the availability of P in plant ingredients containing high levels of phytate P. Fourty-eight pigs (Swedish Landrace boars × Dutch landrace sows) weaned at day 35 with an initial BW of 8.72±0.28 kg were used for a 40-day weaner performance study. The study was structured as a complete randomized design to evaluate the response of weaner pigs to four concentrations of microbial phytase produced by Aspergillus niger: (T1) basal diet; (T2) basal diet + 1000 FTU/kg; (T3) diet with decreased dicalcium phosphate + 1000 FTU/kg; and (T4) diet with no dicalcium phosphate + 1000 FTU/kg. Control group of piglets (T1) has achieved standard body mass while addition of phytase in meal increased body mass by 6.59% in T2 and 7.52% in T3. Phytase supplementation prevented decreased body weight gain diets where available phosphorous level was reduced by 50. The amount of consumed feed per day was not significantly different. Feed efficiency of T2 and T3 groups was by 3.23% better and of T4 for 11.29% lower compared to the control group of piglets (T1). Lower production results achieved by the use of low phosphorous diets can be avoided to a certain level by the use of microbial phytase. The use of phytase in pig diet significantly improved phosphorous availability, as well as of other mineral substances from the phytate complex. [Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br. III46002]

Copyright of Acta Chirurgica Iugoslavica is the property of Association of Yugoslav Surgeons and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Acta Chirurgica Iugoslavica is the property of Association of Yugoslav Surgeons and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The normal ligamentum flavum (LF) is a well-defined elastic structure with specific innervation. Several studies investigated LF in patients with lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) and used lumbar discus hernia (LDH) patients as control group, only on the presumed thesis that LF in this patients have normal morphology. In patients with LSS thickening of the LF is the main cause of stenosis, which is most often presented with neurogenic claudication, whose pathophysiological mechanism is not completely understood. We conducted observational cohort study of 60 operated patients divided into two groups. The first group of 30 patients underwent micro-discectomy (LSH group), and second group with 30 patients underwent decompression, after which analysis of harvested LF was performed. Patients from the LDH group and LSS group differed significantly in the frequencies of chief complaints, duration of symptoms, physical examination, and specific morphological/radiological parameters. The LF analysis showed that the groups differed significantly in the amount of collagen and elastic fibers, as well as in the histological appearance/architectonics of elastic fibers. Also, groups differ in the presence of LF nerve fibers. Our findings speak in favor of the recently postulated inflammatory theory in the origin of spinal neurogenic claudication's., (© 2023. The Author(s).)

Introduction: 18F-deoxy-glucose positron emission tomography combined with computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT) is routinely used in the detection of malignant disease based on the property of malignant cells to fuel their growth and replication by increased glucose uptake. Malignant lesions are rare in the sellar region, while pituitary adenomas are the most common pathology. These are benign neoplasms with insidious onset and low proliferation activity, and therefore are only exceptionally detected by 18F-FDG PET/CT. Studies that compare the biology of pituitary adenomas and their radiological properties using PET/CT are still lacking., Case Report: We investigate and discuss tumour biology in light of increased 18F-FDG avidity in a symptom-free, 70-year-old male patient, previously treated for two different malignancies (lung and rectal). Increased tracer accumulation in the sellar region was incidentally detected on a follow-up 18F-FDG PET/CT scan. Additional MRI disclosed pituitary adenoma. Normal hormonal status was found, consistent with the diagnosis of non-functioning pituitary adenoma. Analysis of tumour tissue after pituitary surgery confirmed a silent gonadotroph adenoma with low proliferation index. Low expression of oncogene-induced senescence markers did not support senescence as the explanation for the tumour's low proliferative activity although it was in consonance with the hormonal activity., Conclusions: Pituitary adenomas can manifest as hypermetabolic foci on 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging with increased tracer uptake even in indolent, clinically silent pituitary adenomas with low mitotic activity. Special attention should be paid to evaluation of 18F-FDG avid pituitary adenomas in patients with multiple malignancies, bearing in mind that avidity does not always mirror its biological behaviour.

We are reporting the case of a 53-year old woman presenting to our hospital with a hemorrhagic low-grade glioma (LGG). She was admitted to a nearby general hospital where she had presented with aphasia, right hemiplegia and change of mental status. Computer tomography (CT) images showed a left temporo-parietal hemorrhage with mass effect. She was transferred to our hospital neuro-intensive care unit where emergency craniotomy was performed. A tumor with hematoma was removed and further histopathology analysis revealed tumor progression. We reviewed the literature reporting cases of central nervous system tumors hemorrhage and found that these types of events are exquisitely rare in adults with LGG. However these events are possible, suggesting that it should be included in the differential diagnosis of any patient presenting with intracranial hemorrhage. This case raises questions regarding the benefit of early versus late intervention for patients known to have LGG.

Objectives: Comparison of redox conditions in malignant and benign tumours is essential for understanding the role of reactive oxygen species in the pathophysiology of aggressive cancer profiles. Here we compare antioxidative systems in highly malignant brain tumour - glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), and in meningioma, a benign brain tumour., Methods: Tumour tissues and blood of 67 GBM patients (mean age: 52.9 ± 11.5 years) and 67 meningioma patients (59.2 ± 10.2 years), and blood of 30 control subjects (50.8 ± 12.8 years) were analysed via biochemical assays., Results: Components of glutathione system, which is responsible for H2O2 removal, showed lower activity/level in GBM: glutathione peroxidase (GBM: 9.90 ± 0.22; meningioma: 11.78 ± 0.23 U/mg of proteins; P < 0.001), glutathione reductase (GBM: 3.83 ± 0.13; meningioma: 4.67 ± 0.11 U/mg of proteins; P < 0.001), and glutathione (GBM: 6.70 ± 0.12; meningioma: 7.58 ± 0.14 μmol/g of tissue; P < 0.001). In contrast, the rank order of glutathione reductase activity and glutathione level in erythrocytes was: GBM > meningioma > control. Superoxide dismutase and catalase activities were lower in the blood of cancer patients compared to controls., Discussion: Cells of malignant brain tumour show down-regulated antioxidative system which might result in increased levels of H2O2 compared to benign tumour tissue.

Unlabelled: In spite of the progress made in diagnostic procedures and development of the operating rooms technology, considerable neurological deficit after operation of tumors localised in the brain motor zone commits one to direct intraoperative identification of the motor zone. By introducing direct electrocortical stimulation into the routine intraoperative application the primary goal has been achieved -reaching the maximum degree of radicalness of surgical resection while preserving motor centres in the cerebral cortex., Method: We are hereby demonstrating a series of 60 patients operated for primary brain tumors localised in the area in the front and around the central sulcus. All operations have been performed under the general anesthetics. During the operations the method of direct electrostimulation (ES) was used for the purpose of identifying motor centres., Results: Intraoperatively a level of subtotal resection was achieved in 22 cases, while radical resection was possible in 38 cases. Significantly higher level of radicalness of surgical resection of the low grade glioma tumor was confirmed statistically in relation to the group of patients with glioblastoma multiforme by applying the ES cortex (p < 0.05). Patients with slow developing brain glioma have statistically considerably higher KI value in relation to the KI values in the group of patients with glioblastoma multiforme (p 0 < 0.01). Difference in the measured values of distance from the coronal suture based on the results of MRI measuring and finding obtained by ES, has shown a statistically considerably higher difference with a glioblastoma multiforme 8.26 +/- 4.288 mm when compared to slowly developing astrocitoma 5.88 +/- 3,080 (p < 0.05)., Conclusion: Electrostimulation of the brain cortex is a safe, simple and precise method for identification of the brain motor zone which enables prevention of additional postoperative deficit and higher level of surgical radicalness.

Aneurysms on cerebral blood vessels due to their localization, size, relationship with neurovascular structures, even today, represent besides the constant progress of the diagnostic techniques and instruments in the operating theaters, a great therapeutic challenge. Gigantic aneurysms, aneurysms localized within the cavernous sinus and aneurysms of the vertebrobasilary confluence carry a great perioperative risk of mortality and morbidity. In fact, development of the endovascular procedures for the occlusion of their lumen made possible great progress in the treatment of aneurysms of this localization. In a not so small number of cases endovascular procedure means remodeling of the lumen of the main blood vessel. Endovascular obliteration of aneurysms has a certain advantage as regards the surgical treatment of aneurysms in which, on the basis of the expected natural course and presumed operative risk, may be judged that there exists unacceptably great operative risk. We present a personal series and results in 6 patients with aneurysms of various localizations.

In past, cavernoma was frequently cause of symptomatic epilepsy without pathological supstrat. We present the group of the patient (32) who illness were presented by epilepsy, and who were treated in Institut for Neurosurgery from 1998 to 2003. There is the good correlation between presentation of epilepsy and largness of the cavernoma (Phi 0.683). In 22 patinets the epilepsy was controlated by medicaments, and in other the seayurs were uncontrolled. Cavernoma initially presented with seayures had no inclination for massive intralesional or parenhimal bleeding. After surgical extirpation of leasion, there was good outcome during the following period of 3 years