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2. Aperçu de la méthanisation agricole en Italie

Author

BOLZONELLA, David and FATONE, Francesco

Subjects
METHANISATION, AGRICULTURE, BIOGAZ, ENVIRONNEMENT, ITALIE, Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering, TD1-1066, Environmental sciences, GE1-350
Abstract

La mise en place et le développement de la méthanisation sont intrinsèquement liés à des questions géographiques et aux prises de position des institutions. Il est intéressant d’observer comment cela s’opère en Italie, de voir où les priorités sont placées et quels choix sont fait, notamment ici dans la région de Vénétie.

Published
2013

35. Enhancing Hydrogen Production by Zeolite Addition in the Dark Fermentation Process of Urban Organic Waste.

Author

Gottardo, Marco, Battista, Federico, Bolzonella, David, Lauri, Roberto, Girotto, Luca, Piasentin, Alberto, and Valentino, Francesco

Subjects
HYDROGEN production, ZEOLITES, FERMENTATION, ORGANIC wastes, SEWAGE sludge
Abstract

One of the objectives of the European Union (EU) 2030 strategy is the sustainable growth through a series of measures focused on the application of the “Circular Economy” (ec.europa.eu, 2020) with many benefits also for climate, environment, and society. Food waste and sewage sludge management is part of this actions plan. Both streams are ideal source for microbial valorization processes to produce biofuels in a sustainable way. Anaerobic digestion (AD) is the benchmark robust technology for biogas production; however, the dark fermentation (DF) is a higher-rate process which offers the possibility to accumulate important building blocks (volatile fatty acids; VFA) and hydrogen from renewable resources, at reduced volumetric impact compared to AD. Focusing on this goal, the effectiveness of the hydrogenase enzymes needs to be favoured; some strategies have been already adopted: maintaining pH between 5.0-6.0; limiting the activities of methanogenic bacteria, not responsible for VFA and H2 accumulation, by decreasing the hydraulic retention time (HRT). Mesophilic and thermophilic bio-H2 and VFA production by DF process from food waste (alone or mixed with sewage sludge) has been studied in this work through batch assays. Pursuing the interest of studying interactions between adsorbents materials and bacteria, some trials were amended with zeolite (Z; chabazite type) at zeolite/inoculum ratio (Z/I) of 0.20 g Z/g VSinoculum. The zeolite’s presence brought the H2 yield up to 0.04 m³ H2/kg VS in thermophilic trials, in parallel to the increased acetic acid production (close to 50% of the organic acids, including lactic and VFA). The rate of H2 production also increased with Z addition, up to 27.3 mmol/(L d), 23% higher than control without Z. The positive effect of zeolite could be related to its associated surface area (available for bacterial adhesion), or ability to adsorb/exchange protons. These results open novel perspectives not only in bio-H2 production but also in the study of interactions between bacteria and inorganicporous materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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50. Production of Short-Chain Fatty Acids (Scfas) As Chemicals or Substrates for Microbes to Obtain Biochemicals

Author

Tomás-Pejó, Elia, González-Fernández, Cristina, Greses Huerta, Silvia, Kennes, Christian, Otero-Logilde, Nuria, Veiga, María Carmen, Bolzonella, David, Müller, Bettina, Passoth, Volkmar, Tomás-Pejó, Elia, González-Fernández, Cristina, Greses Huerta, Silvia, Kennes, Christian, Otero-Logilde, Nuria, Veiga, María Carmen, Bolzonella, David, Müller, Bettina, and Passoth, Volkmar

Abstract

[Abstract] Carboxylic acids have become interesting platform molecules in the last years due to their versatility to act as carbon sources for different microorganisms or as precursors for the chemical industry. Among carboxylic acids, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) such as acetic, propionic, butyric, valeric, and caproic acids can be biotechnologically produced in an anaerobic fermentation process from lignocellulose or other organic wastes of agricultural, industrial, or municipal origin. The biosynthesis of SCFAs is advantageous compared to chemical synthesis, since the latter relies on fossil-derived raw materials, expensive and toxic catalysts and harsh process conditions. This review article gives an overview on biosynthesis of SCFAs from complex waste products. Different applications of SCFAs are explored and how these acids can be considered as a source of bioproducts, aiming at the development of a circular economy. The use of SCFAs as platform molecules requires adequate concentration and separation processes that are also addressed in this review. Various microorganisms such as bacteria or oleaginous yeasts can efficiently use SCFA mixtures derived from anaerobic fermentation, an attribute that can be exploited in microbial electrolytic cells or to produce biopolymers such as microbial oils or polyhydroxyalkanoates. Promising technologies for the microbial conversion of SCFAs into bioproducts are outlined with recent examples, highlighting SCFAs as interesting platform molecules for the development of future bioeconomy.

Published
2023

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