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3. All-optical spin injection in silicon revealed by element specific time-resolved Kerr effect

Author

Laterza, Simone, Caretta, Antonio, Bhardwaj, Richa, Flammini, Roberto, Moras, Paolo, MatteoJugovac, Rajak, Piu, Islam, Mahabul, Ciancio, Regina, Bonanni, Valentina, Casarin, Barbara, Simoncig, Alberto, Zangrando, Marco, Ribic, Primoz Rebernik, Penco, Giuseppe, De Ninno, Giovanni, LucaGiannessi, Demidovich, Alexander, Danailov, Miltcho, Parmigiani, Fulvio, and Malvestuto, Marco

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Materials Science
Abstract

Understanding how a spin current flows across metal-semiconductor interfaces at pico- and femtosecond timescales has implications for ultrafast spintronics, data processing and storage applications. However, the possibility to directly access the propagation of spin currents on such time scales has been hampered by the simultaneous lack of both ultrafast element specific magnetic sensitive probes and tailored metal-semiconductor interfaces. Here, by means of free electron laser-based element sensitive Kerr spectroscopy, we report direct experimental evidence of spin currents across a Ni/Si interface in the form of different magnetodynamics at the Ni M2,3 and Si L2,3 absorption edges. This further allows us to calculate the propagation velocity of the spin current in silicon, which is on the order of 0.2 nm/fs.

Published
2021

6. Tailoring ferromagnetism through electrically controlled morphology

Author

Vinai, Giovanni, Motti, Federico, Bonanni, Valentina, Cassese, Damiano, Prato, Stefano, Rossi, Giorgio, Panaccione, Giancarlo, and Torelli, Piero

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Materials Science
Abstract

Converse magnetoelectric coupling in artificial multiferroics is generally modelled through three possible mechanisms: charge transfer, strain mediated or ion migration. Here we demonstrate a novel and highly reliable approach, where electrically controlled morphological modifications control the ferromagnetic response of a magnetoelectric heterostructure, specifically FexMn1-x ferromagnetic films on ferroelectric PMN-PT (001) substrates. The ferroelectric PMN-PT substrates present, in correspondence to electrical switching, fully reversible morphological changes at the surface, to which correspond reproducible modifications of the ferromagnetic response of the FexMn1-x films. Topographic analysis by atomic force microscopy shows the formation of surface cracks after application of a positive electric field up to 6 kV/cm, which disappear after application of negative voltage of the same amplitude. In-operando x-ray magnetic circular dichroic spectroscopy at Fe edge in FexMn1-x layers shows local variations of dichroic signal up to a factor 2.5 as a function of the electrically-driven morphological state. These findings highlight the role of morphology and surface topography as a key aspect in magnetoelectric coupling, whose proof of electrically reversible modification of the magnetic response adds a new possibility in the design of multiferroic heterostructures with electrically controlled functionalities.

Published
2018
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9. An innovative in-situ AFM system for a soft X-ray spectromicroscopy synchrotron beamline

Author

Hafner, Aljoša, Costa, Luca, Kourousias, George, Bonanni, Valentina, Žižić, Milan, Stolfa, Andrea, Bazi, Benjamin, Vincze, Laszlo, Gianoncelli, Alessandra, Hafner, Aljoša, Costa, Luca, Kourousias, George, Bonanni, Valentina, Žižić, Milan, Stolfa, Andrea, Bazi, Benjamin, Vincze, Laszlo, and Gianoncelli, Alessandra

Abstract

Multimodal imaging and spectroscopy like concurrent Scanning Transmission X-ray Microscopy (STXM) and X-ray Fluorescence (XRF) are highly desirable as they allow retrieving complementary information. This paper reports on the design, development, integration and field testing of a novel in-situ Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) instrument for operation in high vacuum in a synchrotron soft X-ray microscopy STXM-XRF end-station. A combination of XRF-AFM is demonstrated for the first time in the soft X-ray regime, with an outlook for the full XRF-STXM-AFM combination.

Published
2024

11. Morphological and lipid metabolism alterations in macrophages exposed to model environmental nanoplastics traced by high-resolution synchrotron techniques

Author

Zingaro, Federica, primary, Gianoncelli, Alessandra, additional, Ceccone, Giacomo, additional, Birarda, Giovanni, additional, Cassano, Domenico, additional, La Spina, Rita, additional, Agostinis, Chiara, additional, Bonanni, Valentina, additional, Ricci, Giuseppe, additional, and Pascolo, Lorella, additional

Published
2023
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12. Magnetoplasmonics

Author

Pellegrini, Giovanni, Bonanni, Valentina, Campo, Giulio, Pineider, Francesco, Sangregorio, Claudio, de Fernández, César Julián, Casoli, Francesca, Manera, Maria Grazia, Rella, Roberto, Mattei, Giovanni, and Bhushan, Bharat, editor

Published
2016
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14. Soft X -rays radiation damage on plunge -frozen and freeze -dried maize root s evaluated by FTIR spectromicroscopy

Author

Gianoncelli, Alessandra, Žižić, Milan, Bonanni, Valentina, Birarda, Giovanni, Bedolla Orozco, Diana Eva, Vogel-Mikus, Katarina, Gianoncelli, Alessandra, Žižić, Milan, Bonanni, Valentina, Birarda, Giovanni, Bedolla Orozco, Diana Eva, and Vogel-Mikus, Katarina

Abstract

The radiation damage issue consequent to soft X-rays’ exposure is still an important aspect to be contemplated in soft X-ray microscopy. The work presented here is part of a more extended investigation on the topic and targets the effects of soft X-rays exposure on plant tissues. The aftermaths of soft X-rays’ exposure were evaluated by FTIR spectromicroscopy by comparing irradiated and non-irradiated areas on similar plant structural features, one day and ten days after irradiation, to highlight also a possible time-dependent behavior consequent to air exposure. Our results show partial degradation of lignocellulosic complex and oxidation of cellulose and most probably of hemicellulose; lignin moiety of cell walls in vascular tissue however remains stable. Comparing the current study with our previous works it appears that, as expected, plant tissues seem less prone to soft X-rays radiation damage compared to mammalian cells or tissues.

Published
2023

16. Impact of Sample Preparation Methods on Single-Cell X-ray Microscopy and Light Elemental Analysis Evaluated by Combined Low Energy X-ray Fluorescence, STXM and AFM

Author

Merolle, Lucia, primary, Pascolo, Lorella, additional, Zupin, Luisa, additional, Parisse, Pietro, additional, Bonanni, Valentina, additional, Gariani, Gianluca, additional, Kenig, Sasa, additional, Bedolla, Diana E., additional, Crovella, Sergio, additional, Ricci, Giuseppe, additional, Iotti, Stefano, additional, Malucelli, Emil, additional, Kourousias, George, additional, and Gianoncelli, Alessandra, additional

Published
2023
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20. All-optical spin injection in silicon investigated by element-specific time-resolved Kerr effect

Author

Laterza, Simone, primary, Caretta, Antonio, additional, Bhardwaj, Richa, additional, Flammini, Roberto, additional, Moras, Paolo, additional, Jugovac, Matteo, additional, Rajak, Piu, additional, Islam, Mahabul, additional, Ciancio, Regina, additional, Bonanni, Valentina, additional, Casarin, Barbara, additional, Simoncig, Alberto, additional, Zangrando, Marco, additional, Ribič, Primož Rebernik, additional, Penco, Giuseppe, additional, De Ninno, Giovanni, additional, Giannessi, Luca, additional, Demidovich, Alexander, additional, Danailov, Miltcho, additional, Parmigiani, Fulvio, additional, and Malvestuto, Marco, additional

Published
2022
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24. Impact of sample preparation methods on single cell X-ray microscopy and light elemental analysis evaluated by combined Low Energy X-ray Fluorescence, STXM and AFM

Author

Merolle, Lucia, primary, Pascolo, Lorella, additional, Zupin, Luisa, additional, Parisse, Pietro, additional, Bonanni, Valentina, additional, Gariani, Gianluca, additional, Kenig, Sasa, additional, Bedolla, Diana, additional, Crovella, Sergio, additional, Ricci, Giuseppe, additional, Iotti, Stefano, additional, Malucelli, Emil, additional, Kourousias, George, additional, and Gianoncelli, Alessandra, additional

Published
2022
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25. Synchrotron Radiation Study of Gain, Noise, and Collection Efficiency of GaAs SAM-APDs with Staircase Structure

Author

Colja, Matija, primary, Cautero, Marco, additional, Menk, Ralf Hendrik, additional, Palestri, Pierpaolo, additional, Gianoncelli, Alessandra, additional, Antonelli, Matias, additional, Biasiol, Giorgio, additional, Dal Zilio, Simone, additional, Steinhartova, Tereza, additional, Nichetti, Camilla, additional, Arfelli, Fulvia, additional, De Angelis, Dario, additional, Driussi, Francesco, additional, Bonanni, Valentina, additional, Pilotto, Alessandro, additional, Gariani, Gianluca, additional, Carrato, Sergio, additional, and Cautero, Giuseppe, additional

Published
2022
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26. High Magnetic Field Magneto-optics on Plasmonic Silica-Embedded Silver Nanoparticles

Author

Gabbani, Alessio, Campo, Giulio, Bonanni, Valentina, Rhee, P.G. van, Bottaro, Gregorio, Fernandez, Cesar de Julian, Christianen, P.C.M., Pineider, Francesco, Gabbani, Alessio, Campo, Giulio, Bonanni, Valentina, Rhee, P.G. van, Bottaro, Gregorio, Fernandez, Cesar de Julian, Christianen, P.C.M., and Pineider, Francesco

Abstract

Contains fulltext : 248276.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access)

Published
2022

27. All-optical spin injection in silicon investigated by element-specific time-resolved Kerr effect

Author

Laterza, Simone, Caretta, Antonio, Bhardwaj, Richa, Lammini, Roberto F., Moras, Paolo, Jugovac, Matteo, Rajak, Piu, Islam, Mahabul, Ciancio, Regina, Bonanni, Valentina, Casarin, Barbara, Simoncig, Alberto, Zangrando, Marco, Ribic, Primoz Rebernik, Penco, Giuseppe, De Ninno, Giovanni, Giannessi, Luca, Demidovich, Alexander, Danailov, Miltcho, Parmigiani, Fulvio, Malvestuto, Marco, Laterza, Simone, Caretta, Antonio, Bhardwaj, Richa, Lammini, Roberto F., Moras, Paolo, Jugovac, Matteo, Rajak, Piu, Islam, Mahabul, Ciancio, Regina, Bonanni, Valentina, Casarin, Barbara, Simoncig, Alberto, Zangrando, Marco, Ribic, Primoz Rebernik, Penco, Giuseppe, De Ninno, Giovanni, Giannessi, Luca, Demidovich, Alexander, Danailov, Miltcho, Parmigiani, Fulvio, and Malvestuto, Marco

Abstract

Understanding howa spin current flows across metal-semiconductor interfaces at pico- and femtosecond time scales is of paramount importance for ultrafast spintronics, data processing, and storage applications. However, the possibility to directly access the propagation of spin currents, within such time scales, has been hampered by the simultaneous lack of both ultrafast element-specific magnetic sensitive probes and tailoredwell-built and characterized metal-semiconductor interfaces. Here, by means of a novel free-electron laser-based element-sensitive ultrafast time-resolved Kerr spectroscopy, we reveal different magnetodynamics for the Ni M-2;3 and Si L-2;3 absorption edges. These results are assumed to be the experimental evidence of photoinduced spin currents propagating at a speed of similar to 0.2 nm/fs across the Ni/Si interface.

Published
2022

29. High Magnetic Field Magneto-optics on Plasmonic Silica-Embedded Silver Nanoparticles

Author

Gabbani, Alessio, primary, Campo, Giulio, additional, Bonanni, Valentina, additional, van Rhee, Peter, additional, Bottaro, Gregorio, additional, de Julián Fernández, César, additional, Bello, Valentina, additional, Fantechi, Elvira, additional, Biccari, Francesco, additional, Gurioli, Massimo, additional, Armelao, Lidia, additional, Sangregorio, Claudio, additional, Mattei, Giovanni, additional, Christianen, Peter, additional, and Pineider, Francesco, additional

Published
2022
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31. The impact of small and asymptomatic intramural and subserosal fibroids on female fertility: a case–control study.

Author

Bonanni, Valentina, Reschini, Marco, Vecchia, Irene La, Castiglioni, Marta, Muzii, Ludovico, Vercellini, Paolo, and Somigliana, Edgardo

Subjects
UTERINE fibroids, FEMALE infertility, ENDOMETRIAL diseases
Abstract

STUDY QUESTION Do small and asymptomatic intramural and subserosal uterine fibroids affect female fertility? SUMMARY ANSWER Small and asymptomatic fibroids that do not encroach the endometrial cavity appear to not markedly affect female fertility. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY The available evidence on uterine fibroids and fertility is limited. Most information has been obtained in IVF settings by comparing the success in women affected and not affected by fibroids. These studies have shown a detrimental effect of submucosal and possibly intramural fibroids. However, this study design provides information only on embryo implantation, not on female fertility in general. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION A retrospective observational case–control study on 200 women whose partner was diagnosed with severe male infertility and 200 women with unexplained infertility was conducted. If the null hypothesis (that fibroids do not affect fertility) is valid, one would expect a similar prevalence of fibroids in the two study groups. Conversely, if fibroids do impact fertility, one would expect a higher prevalence among women with unexplained infertility. The study was carried out at the Infertility Unit of the Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico covering a 5-year period between January 2014 and June 2020. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS We retrospectively recruited women seeking pregnancy whose partner was repeatedly documented to have a sperm concentration below 1 million/ml and matched them by age and study period to a group of women with unexplained infertility. The latter group of women was considered as a case group (infertile subjects), while the former group of women was considered as a control group (reflecting the general female population). Women with fibroids could be included in both study groups; only those with submucosal lesions were excluded. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE Fibroids were diagnosed in 31 women (16%) with unexplained infertility and in 32 women (16%) with severe male factor infertility. The adjusted odds ratio of carrying fibroids in women with unexplained infertility was 0.91 (95% CI: 0.52–1.58). Subgroup analyses according to number, dimension and location of fibroids failed to highlight an increased risk of infertility in any group. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION This is a retrospective study and some inaccuracies in fibroids detection cannot be ruled out. Moreover, the relatively small sample size hampers robust subgroup analyses. Even though we excluded women with patent causes of infertility, some women with specific causes of infertility could have been included among controls (yet are expected to account for <10% of the group). WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS This study suggests that small fibroids that do not encroach the endometrial cavity do not markedly affect female fertility. This information is clinically relevant when counseling infertile women with small fibroids and an otherwise unremarkable diagnostic work-up. Surgery may still be considered but only in selected cases. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) This study was partially funded by Italian Ministry of Health: current research IRCCS. E.S. reports grants from Ferring, grants and personal fees from Merck, and grants and personal fees from Theramex outside the submitted work. All the other authors do not have any competing interest to declare. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER N/A. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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32. Magnetoplasmonics

Author

Pellegrini, Giovanni, primary, Bonanni, Valentina, additional, Campo, Giulio, additional, Pineider, Francesco, additional, Sangregorio, Claudio, additional, de Julián Fernández, César, additional, Casoli, Francesca, additional, Manera, Maria Grazia, additional, Rella, Roberto, additional, and Mattei, Giovanni, additional

Published
2015
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34. Copper Oxide Nanomaterial Fate in Plant Tissue: Nanoscale Impacts on Reproductive Tissues

Author

Marmiroli, Marta, primary, Pagano, Luca, additional, Rossi, Riccardo, additional, De La Torre-Roche, Roberto, additional, Lepore, Giovanni Orazio, additional, Ruotolo, Roberta, additional, Gariani, Gianluca, additional, Bonanni, Valentina, additional, Pollastri, Simone, additional, Puri, Alessandro, additional, Gianoncelli, Alessandra, additional, Aquilanti, Giuliana, additional, d’Acapito, Francesco, additional, White, Jason C., additional, and Marmiroli, Nelson, additional

Published
2021
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35. A novel free-electron laser single-pulse Wollaston polarimeter for magneto-dynamical studies

Author

Caretta, Antonio, primary, Laterza, Simone, additional, Bonanni, Valentina, additional, Sergo, Rudi, additional, Dri, Carlo, additional, Cautero, Giuseppe, additional, Galassi, Fabio, additional, Zamolo, Matteo, additional, Simoncig, Alberto, additional, Zangrando, Marco, additional, Gessini, Alessandro, additional, Zilio, Simone Dal, additional, Flammini, Roberto, additional, Moras, Paolo, additional, Demidovich, Alexander, additional, Danailov, Miltcho, additional, Parmigiani, Fulvio, additional, and Malvestuto, Marco, additional

Published
2021
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36. A novel free-electron laser single-pulse Wollaston polarimeter for magneto-dynamical studies

Author

Caretta, Antonio, Laterza, Simone, Bonanni, Valentina, Sergo, Rudi, Dri, Carlo, Cautero, Giuseppe, Galassi, Fabio, Zamolo, Matteo, Simoncig, Alberto, Zangrando, Marco, Gessini, Alessandro, Dal Zilio, Simone, Flammini, Roberto, Moras, Paolo, Demidovich, Alexander, Danailov, Miltcho, Parmigiani, Fulvio, Malvestuto, Marco, Caretta, Antonio, Laterza, Simone, Bonanni, Valentina, Sergo, Rudi, Dri, Carlo, Cautero, Giuseppe, Galassi, Fabio, Zamolo, Matteo, Simoncig, Alberto, Zangrando, Marco, Gessini, Alessandro, Dal Zilio, Simone, Flammini, Roberto, Moras, Paolo, Demidovich, Alexander, Danailov, Miltcho, Parmigiani, Fulvio, and Malvestuto, Marco

Abstract

Here, we report on the conceptual design, the hardware realization, and the first experimental results of a novel and compact x-ray polarimeter capable of a single-pulse linear polarization angle detection in the extreme ultraviolet photon energy range. The polarimeter is tested by performing time resolved pump-probe experiments on a Ni80Fe20 Permalloy film at the M-2,M-3 Ni edge at an externally seeded free-electron laser source. Comparison with similar experiments reported in the literature shows the advantages of our approach also in view of future experiments.

Published
2021

37. Dielectric Effects in FeOx-Coated Au Nanoparticles Boost the Magnetoplasmonic Response: Implications for Active Plasmonic Devices

Author

Gabbani, Alessio, primary, Fantechi, Elvira, additional, Petrucci, Gaia, additional, Campo, Giulio, additional, de Julián Fernández, César, additional, Ghigna, Paolo, additional, Sorace, Lorenzo, additional, Bonanni, Valentina, additional, Gurioli, Massimo, additional, Sangregorio, Claudio, additional, and Pineider, Francesco, additional

Published
2021
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39. Interplay between morphology and magnetoelectric coupling in Fe/PMN-PT multiferroic heterostructures studied by microscopy techniques

Author

Motti, Federico, primary, Vinai, Giovanni, additional, Bonanni, Valentina, additional, Polewczyk, Vincent, additional, Mantegazza, Paola, additional, Forrest, Thomas, additional, Maccherozzi, Francesco, additional, Benedetti, Stefania, additional, Rinaldi, Christian, additional, Cantoni, Matteo, additional, Cassese, Damiano, additional, Prato, Stefano, additional, Dhesi, Sarnjeet S., additional, Rossi, Giorgio, additional, Panaccione, Giancarlo, additional, and Torelli, Piero, additional

Published
2020
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43. Ferroelectrics: Reversible Modification of Ferromagnetism through Electrically Controlled Morphology (Adv. Electron. Mater. 7/2019)

Author

Vinai, Giovanni, primary, Motti, Federico, additional, Bonanni, Valentina, additional, Petrov, Aleksander Yu., additional, Benedetti, Stefania, additional, Rinaldi, Christian, additional, Stella, Mattia, additional, Cassese, Damiano, additional, Prato, Stefano, additional, Cantoni, Matteo, additional, Rossi, Giorgio, additional, Panaccione, Giancarlo, additional, and Torelli, Piero, additional

Published
2019
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44. Reversible Modification of Ferromagnetism through Electrically Controlled Morphology

Author

Vinai, Giovanni, primary, Motti, Federico, additional, Bonanni, Valentina, additional, Petrov, Aleksander Yu., additional, Benedetti, Stefania, additional, Rinaldi, Christian, additional, Stella, Mattia, additional, Cassese, Damiano, additional, Prato, Stefano, additional, Cantoni, Matteo, additional, Rossi, Giorgio, additional, Panaccione, Giancarlo, additional, and Torelli, Piero, additional

Published
2019
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45. Role of Zn2+ Substitution on the Magnetic, Hyperthermic, and Relaxometric Properties of Cobalt Ferrite Nanoparticles

Author

Albino, Martin, primary, Fantechi, Elvira, additional, Innocenti, Claudia, additional, López-Ortega, Alberto, additional, Bonanni, Valentina, additional, Campo, Giulio, additional, Pineider, Francesco, additional, Gurioli, Massimo, additional, Arosio, Paolo, additional, Orlando, Tomas, additional, Bertoni, Giovanni, additional, de Julián Fernández, Cesar, additional, Lascialfari, Alessandro, additional, and Sangregorio, Claudio, additional

Published
2019
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46. The role of alpha lipoic acid in female and male infertility: a systematic review.

Author

Di Tucci, Chiara, Galati, Giulia, Mattei, Giulia, Bonanni, Valentina, Capri, Oriana, D'Amelio, Renzo, Muzii, Ludovico, and Benedetti Panici, Pierluigi

Subjects
FEMALE infertility, LIPOIC acid, MALE infertility, PELVIC pain, REACTIVE oxygen species
Abstract

Copyright of Gynecological Endocrinology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Published
2021
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47. Plasmon-enhanced magneto-optical detection of single-molecule magnets

Author

Pineider, Francesco, primary, Pedrueza-Villalmanzo, Esteban, additional, Serri, Michele, additional, Adamu, Addis Mekonnen, additional, Smetanina, Evgeniya, additional, Bonanni, Valentina, additional, Campo, Giulio, additional, Poggini, Lorenzo, additional, Mannini, Matteo, additional, de Julián Fernández, César, additional, Sangregorio, Claudio, additional, Gurioli, Massimo, additional, Dmitriev, Alexandre, additional, and Sessoli, Roberta, additional

Published
2019
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48. Body composition in sarcopenic obesity: systematic review of the literature

Author

Donini, Lorenzo Maria, Poggiogalle, Eleonora, Bonanni, Valentina, Di Lazzaro, L., Venditti, C., Valeria Del Balzo, Silvia, Migliaccio, Aversa, Antonio, and Pinto, Alessandro

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, obesity, Nutrition and Dietetics, business.industry, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Composition analysis, medicine.disease, Obesity, sarcopenic obesity, Fat mass, sarcopenia, Physical medicine and rehabilitation, Extant taxon, Sarcopenia, medicine, Physical therapy, Sarcopenic obesity, business, Body mass index, Composition (language), Food Science
Abstract

Although, recently a mounting interest in the literature has been directed to sarcopenic obesity, currently, different definitions of sarcopenic obesity (SO) exist and diagnostic criteria are not universally established. The aim of the present systematic review is to summarize the state of the art according to extant literature about this topic. A systematic review of the literature was performed considering the revision question: “sarcopenic obesity: body composition”. Analysis and presentation of the outcomes were carried out in the form of a narrative resume of the reports. Twenty-six studies were considered eligible for the systematic review involving globally more than 23,000 subjects. In all the studies examined, except one, the definition of sarcopenic obesity was based on the co-presence of obesity and sarcopenia. With respect to obesity, different parameters (body mass index, fat mass and visceral fat area) were used (as single parameters or in association to the other adiposity measures). For sarcopenia, the appendicular skeletal muscle mass standardized for height or weight, cross-sectional area at the quadriceps level, muscle strength and/or muscle/fat-free mass indexes were considered. Body composition analysis was performed, depending on the studies, through DXA scan, CT scan bioimpedance analysis, dynamometer test or anthropometric parameters. To date, just few papers provided clear and shared diagnostic criteria of SO. In fact, in our review, criteria adopted by single authors were only partially overlapping. One of the main obstacles is represented by the definition of SO, and especially whether it should be based only on criteria of body composition or also functional criteria should be taken into account.

Published
2013
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