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Los accidentes con maquinaria en el trabajo agropecuario son muy frecuentes. Ante la falta de información, sobre los hábitos, prácticas y comportamientos de los productores agropecuarios argentinos en el uso de maquinaria, se llevó adelante un estudio observacional sociológico usando una encuesta personal y de tipo descriptiva, entre los asistentes a las jornadas a campo organizadas por una cooperativa agropecuaria (Agricultores Federados Argentinos, AFA SCL). La información brindada por 678 productores mostró que todavía un gran número utilizan maquinaria agrícola (el 86%) en sus tareas y que es propia en el 80% de los casos. El porcentaje de maquinaria “antigua” (con 15 o más años) varió según el tipo: tractores: 43%, cosechadoras: 30%, sembradoras: 14% y pulverizadores: 14%. El 12% de los encuestados refirió haber sufrido un accidente con maquinaria y las más frecuentemente involucradas fueron las sembradoras. El 16% refirió positivamente que en su propiedad rural hubo un accidente con maquinaria y el 68% conoce a alguien que padeció un accidente con estas. El 71% de los entrevistados dice tener en cuenta los dispositivos de seguridad que tiene una máquina al momento de comprarla y el 41% controla las medidas de seguridad con que los contratistas trabajan en sus propiedades. De los encuestados que poseen tractores, el 96% y el 77% contestaron tener la protección de la toma de fuerza en su lugar y poseer protección contra vuelcos respectivamente. El 65% reportó hacer el mantenimiento de las máquinas al menos mensualmente (27% diariamente, 17% semanalmente y 21% mensualmente). También se observó que si bien es baja la adherencia al uso de protectores auditivos (27% de los casos), la importancia que los encuestados manifestaron dar a la seguridad durante sus actividades rurales, usando una escala de 0 a 10, fue alta (el 70% respondió 7 o más puntos). Estos datos son un aporte de gran valor ante la falta de información en este aspecto que existe en Argentina y permitirá diagramar con más eficiencia y eficacia futuras investigaciones y programas de prevención de accidentes y enfermedades en la actividad agropecuaria. Accidents with machinery in agricultural work are very frequent. In the absence of information on the habits, practices and behavior of Argentine agricultural producers in the use of machinery, it took out a sociological observational study using a personal and descriptive survey, among those attending the days to field organized by an agricultural cooperative (Argentinian Federated Farmers AFA SCL). The information provided by 678 producers, showed: that still a large number use agricultural machinery (86%) in their work and it is own in 80% of cases. The percentage of “old” machines (with 15 or more years) varied depending on the type: tractors 43%, harvesters 30%, seeders 14% and sprayers 14%. Twelve percent of respondents reported having had an accident with machinery and the most frequently involved were the seeders. Sixteen percent reported positively that there was an accident with machinery in their rural property and 68% know someone who suffered an accident with them. Seventy one percent of respondents said take into account the safety devices have a machine at the time of purchase and 41% control the safety measures that contractors use when are working on their properties. Of those respondents with tractors, 96% and 77% have the protection of the PTO in place and have rollover protection respectively. Sixty five percent reported making machine maintenance at least monthly (27% daily, 17% weekly and 21% monthly). It was also noted that while exist a low adherence to the use of hearing protectors (27% of cases), the importance that the respondents said they gave to safety during their rural activities, using a scale from 0 to 10, was high (70% answered 7 or more points). These data are a contribution of great value due to the lack of data on the issue that exists in Argentina and will allow diagramming more efficient and effective future research and programs for prevention of accidents and diseases in farming. Gerencia de Comunicación Institucional, DG SICyP, INTA Fil: Grigioni, Marcos. Agricultores Federados Argentinos. Departamento Educación y Capacitación. Programa de Salud y Seguridad para la Familia Agraria; Argentina Fil: Doná, Florencia. Agricultores Federados Argentinos. Departamento Educación y Capacitación. Programa de Salud y Seguridad para la Familia Agraria; Argentina Fil: Bonino, Marcelo. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Industrial (INTI) Rafaela; Argentina

In recent years, new information has been acquired regarding the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of acute otitis media (AOM). The Italian Pediatric Society, therefore, decided to issue an update to the Italian Pediatric Society guidelines published in 2010.The search was conducted on Pubmed, and only those studies regarding the pediatric age alone, in English or Italian, published between January 1, 2010 and December 31, 2018, were included. Each study included in the review was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations (GRADE) methodology. The quality of the systematic reviews was evaluated using the A MeaSurement Tool to Assess systematic Reviews (AMSTAR) 2 appraisal tool. The guidelines were formulated using the GRADE methodology by a multidisciplinary panel of experts.The importance of eliminating risk factors (passive smoking, environmental pollution, use of pacifier, obesity, limitation of day-care center attendance) and the promotion of breastfeeding and hygiene practices (nasal lavages) was confirmed. The importance of pneumococcal vaccination in the prevention of AOM was reiterated with regard to the prevention of both the first episode of AOM and recurrences. Grommets can be inserted in selected cases of recurrent AOM that did not respond to all other prevention strategies. Antibiotic prophylaxis is not recommended for the prevention of recurrent AOM, except in certain carefully selected cases. The use of complementary therapies, probiotics, xylitol and vitamin D is not recommended.The prevention of episodes of AOM requires the elimination of risk factors and pneumococcal and influenza vaccination. The use of other products such as probiotics and vitamin D is not supported by adequate evidence.

See paper for full list of authors – Paper submitted to NIM A; International audience; The Pierre Auger Observatory, located on a vast, high plain in western Argentina, is the world's largest cosmic ray observatory. The objectives of the Observatory are to probe the origin and characteristics of cosmic rays above $10^{17}$ eV and to study the interactions of these, the most energetic particles observed in nature. The Auger design features an array of 1660 water-Cherenkov particle detector stations spread over 3000 km$^2$ overlooked by 24 air fluorescence telescopes. In addition, three high elevation fluorescence telescopes overlook a 23.5 km$^2$, 61 detector infill array. The Observatory has been in successful operation since completion in 2008 and has recorded data from an exposure exceeding 40,000 km$^2$ sr yr. This paper describes the design and performance of the detectors, related subsystems and infrastructure that make up the Auger Observatory.

Aim: To investigate and compare the effects of topical benzalkonium chloride-preserved prostaglandins (PGAs) on the ocular surface in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma before and after 3 months of treatment with additional 0.5% preservative-free tamarind seed polysaccharide single-dose eyedrops (TSP®, Oftagen, Pisa, Italy). Methods: This was a prospective, longitudinal, multicenter study. From 5 different Italian glaucoma centers, 10 glaucomatous patients were recruited in each center. All the patients were treated with a PGA with preservative for at least 1 year. Preservative-free artificial tears 3 times per day were prescribed. The participants were subjected to clinical and instrumental evaluation at baseline, after 1 month and after 3 months of treatment. All patients were examined with a digital corneal confocal laser scanning microscope (HRT II Rostock Cornea Module). Results: After 3 months of TSP 0.5% treatment, an improvement of some ocular signs and symptoms was found. The percentage of conjunctival hyperemia decreased from 67 to 13%. Schirmer's test and breakup time significantly changed from the baseline after 3 months. Confocal microscopy showed a significant increase in conjunctival goblet cells. Conclusion: Artificial substitutes, in particular TSP 0.5%, might protect the ocular surface hence giving higher compliance, adherence and quality of life to the patients.

The “screw shaped” expansion-condenser are hand instruments that were introduced for the first time at the end of the 70’ in order to improve bone density before the positioning of a dental implant. Thanks to these hand instruments it is possibile to compact the bone apically and along the walls of the implant bed (Fig. 3) improving a lot the bone density and the primary stability of the implant even in situations where the starting bone quality is low (es. D3-D4 as in the classification y Lekholm and Zarb 1985) or in cases of severe bone atrophy. Allowing a manageable raising of the shnaiderian membrane through trans-alveolar way, this technique avoids in many cases the necessity to have recourse to the realisation of bone vestibular “gates” when it comes to the techniques of the big sinus lift. The knoledge of the bone visco-elastic and hystologic properties together with the maximum respect of the surgical protocol allows us to obtein % of success superior than traditional surgical protocol in D3-D4 bone class.

The prevalence of the elderly population, as well as life expectancy, increased in the final decades of the 20th century, as described in the World Health Organization 2004 Annual Report. The edentulous condition therefore has a negative impact on the oral health–related quality of life. Patients wearing complete dentures for many years infact, and especially in the mandible, are often unsatisfied because of the instability of the prosthesis during speaking and eating. To date dental implant treatment is well documented as a predictable treatment for partial or complete edentulism. On the other hand the rehabilitation of atrophied edentulous arches with endosseous implants (> 10 mm) in the posterior regions is often associated with anatomic problems such as bone resorption, poor bone quality, mandibular canal, and the presence of maxillary sinuses. Different procedures have been proposed to overcome these anatomic limitations. The use of tilted implants parallel to the anterior wall of the maxillary sinus or the mental foramen/inferior alveolar nerve has been proposed as a conservative solution for the treatment of the atrophic edentulous maxilla. Aim of this study was to describe, through a detailed literature review, the clinical and biomechanical rationale for tilting implants and to evaluate the long-term prognosis of immediately loaded full fixed prostheses for the treatment of edentulous patients (#35) with extreme bone atrophy rehabilited with both axial (#70) and tilted (#70) implants from 2008 to 2010. The results of the present study would suggest that this new surgical technique may reduce patient morbidity and extend the indications for immediate loading full fixed rehabilitations. This improves the predictability of treatment goal, allows for a better risk management, and provides more individual information for the patient. These are the most important aspects of this technology, which may contribute to establish higher-quality standards in implantology.

Liolaemus dumerili sp. nov. Figs. 10–13 1975 Liolaemus melanops (partim). J. M. Cei, J. Herpetol. 9 (2): 217-222. 1985 Liolaemus melanops (partim). Scolaro J. A.; J. M. Cei and L. Arias de Reina, Hist. Nat. 5 (2): 13–22. 1986 Liolaemus melanops. J. M. Cei. M. Mus. Reg. Sci. Nat. Torino Monogr. 4: 220. 2010 Liolaemus cf. melanops. Scrocchi G. J.; C. S. Abdala; J. Nori and H. Zaher. Fondo Editorial Rionegrino 252 pp. Holotype.— FML 24169 (FBC 1294): Sierra Colorada, on Provincial Route 212, km 23 route to Los Menucos, Río Negro Province, Argentina. 40 ° 32´54.5 " S 67 ° 37´10.4 " W. C. Abdala, M. Bonino, F. Cruz, L. Moreno Azócar Cols. II/ 2009 Paratypes.— FML 24170 – 179: Same locality and date of the holotype. FML 24180 – 188: Sierra Colorada, on Provincial Route 212, km 23 route to Los Menucos, Río Negro Province, Argentina. 40 ° 32´54.5 " S 67 ° 37´10.4 " W. C. Abdala, F. Cruz, G. Perotti, R. Semhan Cols. XII/ 2009. Liolaemus dumerili, belongs to the L. melanops group of species; within this group this new taxon differs from the species belonging to the L. fitzingerii group (L. canqueli, L. casamiquelai, L. chehuanchekenk, L. fitzingerii, L. melanops, L. morenoi, L. xanthoviridis) by a smaller SVL (max SVL 80.9 mm vs. 89–106 mm), sexual dichromatism is evident in the new species, and there is not a black antehumeral arc. It differs from L. mapuche, L. cuyanus and L. puelche, by its smaller SVL (max SVL 80.9 mm vs. 83, 102 and 89 mm, respectively) and four scales in contact to the mental scale (six in L. cuyanus; four to six in L. mapuche and L. puelche). The new taxon is different from L. donosobarrosi by the dorsal color pattern clearly different between these species and a lower number of scales around midbody (61–70, X = 65.1 vs. 79–95, X = 85.4). The new species is different from Liolaemus goetschi because it has four scales in contact to the mental scale (4–6 in L. goetschi), a larger SVL (max 80.9 mm vs. 74.2 mm); males present a broader ventral dark brown coloration, are sexually dichromatic. Female dorsal pattern is clearly different between species. Liolaemus dumerili is different from L. hermannunezi because it is larger (max SVL 80.9 mm vs. 64.1 mm); male dorsal pattern is different with presence of light blue or greenish scales on the flanks and tail, absent in L. hermannunezi. The new species is different from Liolaemus josei because it has a larger SVL (max SVL 80.9 mm vs. 73.1 mm), it has four scales contacting the mental scale (4–6 in L. josei), evident scapular spots and a broader ventral dark coloration absent in L. josei. Liolaemus martorii and the new taxon are different by the SVL 80.9 mm in L. dumerili vs. 67.1 mm in L. martorii, the number of ventral scales are 88–96 (X = 93.9) and 97–114 (X = 105.0), respectively and dark brown ventral coloration is evident in males of L. dumerili. The new taxon differenciates from Liolaemus inacayali, L. martorii, L. rothi and L. sagei because it has a lower number of ventral scales (88–96, X = 93.9 vs. more than 96 in the mentioned species; see Table 1). Liolaemus dumerili is different from L. boulengeri in presenting a larger SVL (80.9 mm vs. 69.0 mm.), males have light blue and greenish scales on the flanks and tail, never red color in the abdomen (typical of L. boulengeri). The new species is different from Liolaemus rothi by a smaller SVL (max SVL 80.9 mm vs. 92.0 mm), it has a lower number of ventral scales (88–96, X = 93.9 vs. 96–113, X = 103.6), the presence of scapular spots and ventral coloration absent in L. rothi. Liolaemus dumerili and L. sagei differ in their SVL (L. dumerili max SVL 80.9 mm vs. 92.8 mm), the new species has a lower number of scales around the midbody (61–70, X = 65.1 vs. 84–102, X = 88.4), as well as ventral scales (88–96, X = 93.9 vs. 110–124, X = 118.3) and dorsal scales (72–80, X = 76.6 vs. 85–98, X = 90.6). The new species has scapular spots and males show a broader dark brown ventral coloration, absent in L. sagei. The differences between the new taxon and L. senguer are: SVL, larger in L. dumerili (80.9 mm vs. 62.3 mm), males have light blue and greenish scales on the flanks and tail, broader ventral melanism and abdomen is never blue as in L. senguer. The new species is different from L. inacayali by the presence of scapular spots, males have light blue and greenish scales on the flanks and absent on tail; in L. inacayali, and a lower number of ventral scales in L. dumerili (88–96, X = 93.9 vs. 107–118, X = 112.6). The new taxon is different from L. loboi because it has a lower number of ventral scales (88– 96 X = 93.9 vs. 94–113 X = 101.8), a larger SVL (max SVL 80.9 mm vs. 72.7 mm), a different pattern of coloration in females and because males show gular melanism. Liolaemus dumerili is different from L. tehuelche in SVL, being the new taxon larger (max SVL = 80.9 mm vs. 74.2 mm.); there is a different dorsal color pattern and the jaw in the new taxon, which is not melanic in L. dumerili. is the new species is different from L. telsen by a larger SVL (80.9 mm vs. 68.8 mm.), a lower number of scales around midbody (61– 70 X = 65,1 vs. 74–84; X = 77,5), dorsum (72– 80 X = 76,6 vs. 83–96; X = 88,8) and the presence of light blue or green scales on the flanks and tail. Description of the holotype. Adult male, SVL 78.0 mm. Left arm partially absent, probably as a consequence of predation failure. Trunk length 35.9 mm. Head longer (15.9 mm) than wide (11.8 mm). Head height 8.7 mm. Eye diameter 5.9 mm. Interorbital distance 8.4 mm. Orbit–auditory meatus distance 4.8 mm. Auditory meatus height 2.8 mm; 2.1 mm wide. Orbit–commissure of mouth distance 2.0 mm. Internares 2.7 mm. Subocular scale 5.25 mm. Femur length 14.9 mm, tibia 16.1 mm, and foot 22.4 mm. Humerus length 10.2 mm radio length 9.6 mm, and hand 10.8 mm. Base of tail 9.9 mm. Tail length 96.1 mm. Dorsal surface of the head smooth, with 17 scales. Rostral wider than higher, bordered by eight scales. Mental smaller than rostral, trapezoidal, bordered by four scales. Nasal not in contact with rostral. Four internasals. Nasal scale surrounded by eight scales, separated from canthal scale by two scales. Four scales between frontal and supercilliaries. Six scales between frontal and rostral. Frontal divided in four. Two postrostrals. Parietal larger than interparietals, in contact with seven scales. Orbital semicircles complete. Seven supraoculars. Preocular separated from lorilabial row by one scale. Three scales in anterior margin of auditory meatus. Eleven smooth temporals. Six lorilabials, three of them in contact with subocular scale. Eight supralabials, none in contact with subocular. Six infralabials, second in contact, ventrally, with two scales. Six chinshields, second pair separated by three scales. Seventy scales around midbody. Eighty four round, imbricate, and keeled dorsals from occiput to hind limbs. Scales of flank same sized and shaped than dorsals. Ninety nine ventrals, flat and imbricate. Fourtheen scales in pigal region. Thirty six smooth and weakly imbricate gulars. Nine precloacal pores. Antehumeral scales flat, larger or equal in size than dorsals. Postauricular, rictal, and longitudinal folds present. Scales on the longitudinal fold granular and smooth. Fourth finger with 16 subdigital lamellae; fourth toe with 27. Infracarpals flat, imbricate, and trifid. Infratarsals flat, imbricate, and trifid. Teeth crown-shaped, with three deep, expanded cusps. Color in life. Figs 10–11. Dorsally and on the sides, the head is brownish with small dark specks and many yellowish scales, light blue and green. Subocular white with a dark spot on the posterior part and a diffuse spot on the anterior part. Temporal region with two sharp black lines that runs from the eye to the timpanum on one side (right) and to the neck (left). Body surface is brownish with several spots green, light blue and yellow colored mainly on the flanks. Trunk with a series of 11 pairs of black and square shaped paravertebral spots that may be very close to each other or fuse in the vertebral region. Each paravertebral spot has a yellow line on the posterior side. There is no vertebral line or dorsolateral bands.There are two notorious black and big scapular spots; postscapular is slightly larger than the prescapular. Both scapular spots are bordered by yellow and green scales. Limbs are light brown with several green and yellow scales. On the flanks there are brownish diffuse specks bordered with yellow, green and in a smaller number, light blue scales; these colored scales are irregularly distributed. Tail slightly light brown, plus several yellow, green and light blue scales. Jaws are light colored. Throat, posterior part of the chest and belly show an irregular melanism. Cloaca, limbs, base of the tail ventrally light colored (cream ivory). On the cloaca and hindlimbs some scales and small black spots can be seen. Variation (based on 20 pecimens). Figs. 12–14. Variation between males and females is shown in Table 2. Snout-vent length 57.3–80.9 mm (X = 71.9; SD = 7.4). Head length 11.8 –17.0 mm (X = 14.6; SD = 1.6), width 10.1–13.6 mm (X = 11.8; SD = 1.1). Interorbital distance 6.8–9.1 mm (X = 7.9; DS = 0.9). Humerus length 6.7–8.4 (X = 8.3; DS = 1.1). Radius length 7.0– 8.6 (X = 7.9; DS= 0.7). Auditory meatus height 2.3–2.7 (X= 2.6; DS= 0.2), width 0.8–1.5 (X= 1.2; DS= 0.2). Axilla-groin distance 31.5–44.9 mm (X = 39.4; SD = 4.2). Femur length 10.5–15.5 (X= 13.6; DS= 2.0). Tibia length 9.7–15.6 (X= 12.8; DS= 2.0). Tail length 94.5–106.1 mm (X = 100.3 SD = 8.2). Midbody scales 61–70 (X = 65.1; SD = 3.3). Dorsal scales, 72–80 (X = 76.6; SD = 2.9) between occiput and anterior surface of thighs. Dorsal head scales 13–17 (X = 15.1; SD = 1.5). Ventrals 88–96 (X = 93.9; SD = 3.4). Scales around interparietal 6–9 (X = 7.1; SD = 1.1). Six to seven (X = 6.2; SD = 0.4) enlarged supraoculars. Nine to eleven (X = 9.8; SD = 0.9) smooth temporals. Auricular, longitudinal and antehumeral fold present. Gulars 30–40 (X = 35.1; SD = 3.4). Supralabials 6–10 (X = 7.8; SD = 1.3). Infralabials 5–8 (X = 6.3; SD = 0.9). Scales around nasals 6–8 (X = 7.2; SD = 0.8). Five to siX scales between rostral and frontal (X = 5.7 SD = 0.4). Seven to nine lorilabials (X = 7.9; SD = 0.6). Three to five lorilabials in contact with the subocular scale. Subdigital lamellae on fourth finger 17–21 (X = 18.2; SD =1.0); on fourth toe 24–28 (X = 26.5; SD = 1.6). Precloacal pores 6–10 in males (X= 7.4; SD= 1.4), absent in females. Notorious sexual dichromatism. Males with variable head color from greyish, brownish both pale and dark, even some individuals yellowish on the sides. Most of the individuals with white, yellowish end even green scales and specks in the occipital and temporal regions, also on the posterior section of supralabials and loreolabials. A straight dark line from the upper eyelids (superciliar region) to the occipital passing through the temporal region. Dorsal body color from pale brown to dark brown, in some juvenile males dorsum is brown-reddish to orange. No vertebral line. Paravertebral spots subsquare in shape, anteriorly with a dark brown or black line forming a V shape cut. In some cases, paravertebral spots merge forming transversal bands. The posterior side of each paravertebral spots presents a bulky pale speck (white or yellow). These specks may have two different shapes, a transversal line (in this case, it may reach the flanks) or divided in two subsquare or circular specks (in this case, they may merge with the contiguous paravertebral spot). There is a recurrent tiny speck previous to each paravertebral spot. Two individuals show fused or almost fused paravertebral spots as in the case of the holotype. In between paravertebral specks, it is common to observe some pale scales. No dorsolateral bands are present in this species. Antehumeral arc short and narrow in most of the specimens, while in others, it is absent. Pre and postscapular specks black, generally the postscapular is larger. Generally these scapular spots have a small pale spot anteriorly and a tiny one posteriorly. A few specimens do not have spots on the flanks, while others have the flanks covered by specks slightly smaller and paler than paravertebral spots. These spots contact to the scapular and the paravertebral spots. On the sides of the body, there are spots and scales of light blue, green, white or yellow. In some cases spots are so abundant that the background color is different from grey or brownish. Limbs vary from grey to brownish with pale and dark specks irregularly distributed. Paravertebral spots continue over the tail and merge to paler spots resembling rings. On the sides of the tail several light blue, green or yellow bright scales. Ventrally adult males show a strong melanism in the gular region, that may extend to the pectoral and abdominal region. The outer ventral region is white, yellow or reddish. Tail is ventrally white or yellowish. Juveniles and small males present a reduced melanic ventral surface, suggesting that melanism grows with age. In females, head is grey or brownish, turning paler on trunk. Scapular specks are paler than those present in males. Paravertebral spots are subsquared in shape with a discolored speck on the posterior part, which, as in males, may extend to the laterals and are partially split. On the anterior part of the paravertebral spot, there is a noticeable brown-reddish or brown-orange speck. Lateral spots, when present, resemble parevertebral spots. Tail shows the same pattern observed in males. Ventrally, females are inmaculate white. Distribution. Fig. 5. This species is only known for the type locality, nearby Sierra Colorada, Río Negro, Argentina. Natural History: Liolaemus dumerili sp. nov is observed in a typical Monte region, in association with large bushes such as Larrea, Lycium and Schinus. The soil is compact and reddish. They bask in the bare soil but always close to the bushes or in sun-spots within the bushes, and when chased, they hide in bushes, remaining motionless, ocasionally hiding in burrows. Presumably this species is oviparous and omnivorous as other members of the clade. Etymology. This species is dedicated to the French naturalist and zoologist André Marie Constant Duméril (1774 - 1860). Professor Duméril, teached anatomy, herpetology and ichthiology at the Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle of Paris from 1801 to 1812. He published numerous and important papers, among which the remarkable Erpétologie générale ou Histoire naturelle complète des reptiles in which 1,393 species were described, detailing their anatomy, physiology and literature. Together with Gabriel Bibron, Duméril described seven new species of Liolaemus, among them L. cyanogaster, L. fitzingerii, L. multimaculatus, L. pictus, L. signifer, L. tenuis and L. wiegmannii.