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Personnel management 4.0 was employed as the framework for exploring the educational personnel's perspectives on the regional educational reform in Thailand. This study aims to use the needs assessment and personnel management 4.0 for the 21st-century framework to understand the regional educational reform in Thailand. The mixed-method research methodology was employed in this study. Quantitative was collected by needs assessment through a questionnaire survey with the educational personnel from four regions in Thailand. Qualitative was collected by participatory action learning through brainstorming to the data. Needs assessment showed that the internal and external environment was at a high level and the desired condition was at a very high level. High needs regarding organizational plan leadership and strategic planning, measurement and knowledge management and focusing on organization, respective. Also, the relationship among educational administrators' perspectives on regional educational reform under the personnel management 4.0 framework was statistical significance. Key findings are discussed and their implications are also presented.

This research's objectives were: (1) to study the current and desirable conditions and transformational leadership of private schools in Khon Kaen Province; (2) to develop a transformational leadership model of private schools in Khon Kaen Province. The study is divided into 5 phases as follows. Phase 1: Composition studies: it was conducted by synthesizing ideas, principles, theories, and related research work to obtain the components to be determined as a conceptual framework. Phase 02: the study of the current and desirable conditions was carried out by collecting quantitative data from the population, including 128 private school administrators and 2,482 private school teachers (in total 2,610) and 360 randomly selected samples including 128 private school administrators and 232 private school teachers. The questionnaire used to collect the data had its mean content validity of 0.84 and confidence coefficient of 0.96. The obtained data were analysed by using software packages to find the following statistics: Frequency, Percentage, Mean and Standard Deviation. Phase 3: the development of a transformational leadership model; this was performed by taking the mean of the current condition data and desirable condition data to find the need value or PNImodified. Phase 4: collecting the qualitative data; this was conducted by organizing a Focus Group Discussion of 10 experts. Phase 5: collecting the qualitative data, it was conducted by organizing the public hearing from five highly-performing private schools consisting of one school administrator, five teachers each (a total of 35 people). The results of the analysis showed that the transformational leadership model of private schools in Khon Kaen Province was statistically rated at a moderate level. The needs were sorted: (1) ideological influence, (2) inspiration, (3) cognitive stimulation, and (4) individual consideration.

This research aims at 1) studying the current and desirable conditions of the administration of private schools under the Khon Kaen Provincial Education Office (KKPEO) in the 21st century; 2) studying the administration model of private schools (AMPS) under KKPEO in the 21st century. The research operation was divided into 3 phases as follows: Phase 1: study the current condition and desirable locations to collect the quantitative data; the population used in the study included 128 administrators and 2,482 teachers (total 2,610) in 128 private schools under KKPEO. The samples in this study included 128 administrators and 232 teachers (total 360), selected by Simple Random Sampling. The five-rating scale questionnaire with its content validity of 0.86 and a coefficient of reliability of 0.92 was used as the research tool to collect the data. The necessary statistics such as Frequency, Percentage and Standard Deviation was used to analyze the obtained data. In Phase2: collect the qualitative data by organizing Focus Group Discussion with 10 experts, in this stage, a group discussion recording form was used to collect the data, later on analyzed by the content analysis in accordance with the conceptual framework and other issues. In Phase 3: collect the qualitative data from purposively selected stakeholders, 6 experts and 3 administrators, 15 teachers (a total of 24) from private schools with the excellent performance were invited for public hearings. The form of evaluation, verification and certification of research results was used as a research tool in this phase. The research results indicated that the administration of private schools under KKPEO in the 21st century was statistically rated in overall at a high level. The studied aspects were ranked according to their needs as follows: 1) technology implementation to promote management and learning; 2) curriculum development in line with social changes and life skills; 3) development of teaching and learning skills and innovation; 4) development of academic achievement and career; 5) building a network of learning.

The aims of this research were: (1) to study the educational administration vision based on the Buddhist doctrines for Monastic Schools under Office of Buddhism in Sakon Nakhon (OBSN); (2) to comparatively study the samples' perspectives on the educational administration vision based on the Buddhist doctrines; and (3) to propose the guideline to develop the educational administration vision based on Buddhist doctrines for Monastic Schools under OBSN. The samples of this mixed-method research included 105 administrators and teachers from the Monastic Schools in Sakon-Nakhon. In this study, the interview and a questionnaire were used to collect data from the above-mentioned participants. The research indicated that: (1) the educational administration vision for Monastic Schools based on the Buddhist doctrines were statistically rated at a high level; (2) based on the comparative study, the samples' perspectives on the educational administration vision were statistically indifferent; and (3) the guidelines to develop the educational administration vision based on Buddhist doctrines are as follows: (1) there should be an operative plan together with the long term policies and creative vision; (2) educational management should be carried out based on the public benefits and personnel management should be conducted in line with their capacity and suitability; and (3) human relations, awareness and personnel potentials in schools should be studied and properly managed.

Iron (Fe) toxicity is a widespread nutrient disorder and limit to grain yield in lowland rice. As it is, however, sometimes associated with deficiency of other nutrients, Fe toxicity might be also managed and alleviated by applications of concerned nutrients such as potassium (K) and zinc (Zn). However, the information on this topic available in literature is very limited, especially in the case of Zn. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of soil and foliar Zn applications on severity of Fe toxicity and grain concentrations of Zn in rice grown on a Fe-toxic soil in Laos under field conditions. Soil Zn applications have been realized in 2 forms: 1.5 % Zn-containing KCl (KCl-Zn) and ZnSO4. The results with soil Zn applications showed that plant growth at early growth stage was increased by both forms of Zn applications which in turn contributed to final grain yield. The increases in grain yield resulted from the KCl-Zn and ZnSO4 applications were similar and were around 35 % compared to the control treatment without any Zn application. Leaf Zn concentrations were also increased by Zn applications while Fe concentrations tended to decrease. In a separate experiment soil and foliar applications of ZnSO4 were examined for their effectiveness in affecting plant Zn concentration. Soil Zn application was not affective in increasing grain Zn concentration, but foliar-applied Zn increased Zn concentration of brown rice up to 34 %. This study suggested that Zn fertilizer strategy is a promising approach to contribute to both grain yield and grain Zn concentrations in rice under Fe toxic soil conditions.

To determine recognition ability and the levels of esthetic tolerance of deep bite and anterior open bite (AOB) among laypeople and investigate the factors affecting levels of tolerance. Using a questionnaire, laypeople (N = 100) were examined, and overbite was measured. They were tested for whether they recognized deep bite and AOB. Esthetic tolerance thresholds for deep bite and AOB were selected by incremental depiction in grayscale images. Stepwise logistic regression analyses were used to quantify the effect of recognition and other factors (age, sex, education level, occupation, history of orthodontic treatment, interest in orthodontic treatment or retreatment, and overbite presence) affecting the tolerance of overbite problems (α = 0.05). Of the participants, 55% and 94% recognized deep bite and AOB, respectively. Participants with a deep bite were significantly more likely to esthetically tolerate deep bite compared with those without a deep bite (odds ratio [OR], 3.57; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.29–9.89). Participants who recognized a deep bite problem had significantly lower esthetic tolerance to deep bite compared with participants who did not recognize a deep bite (OR, 0.17; 95% CI, 0.06–0.45). None of the other eight chosen factors significantly affected the tolerance level of AOB (P >.05). Participants with a deep bite or those who did not recognize a deep bite had significantly higher esthetic tolerance of deep bite than those without or those who recognized the problem (P <.05). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Beauveria bassiana is an entomopathogenic fungus that is widely used in Thailand to control pest insects. However, the increasing temperature has influenced the insect control efficiency of the fungus. Therefore, determination of thermotolerant isolates of B. bassiana that can grow and remain pathogenic at higher temperatures than its current optimum temperature may be a better way to control pest insects in a high temperature environment. Three isolates of B. bassiana obtained from the Rice Department, Thailand were selected for mutagenesis using ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) with subsequent screening at high temperatures (33 and 35°C). In addition, the recovery of fungal growth after exposure to a high temperature for a period of time (5-15 days) and then transferring to 25°C was evaluated. No isolates were found that grew at 35°C but one mutant isolate (BCNT002MT) produced larger diameter colonies and more spores than the corresponding wild type (WT) at 33°C. Growth and spore production of the BCNT002MT isolate were greater than its WT when incubated at 25°C for 14 days following exposure to 33°C for 7 days. In addition, the spore germination level (%) of BCNT002MT was significantly higher than its WT during culture at 25°C after prior exposure to 33°C for 5, 10 and 15 days. The pathogenicity against the brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens (Stål), of this mutant isolate was also prominent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The thalassemias are a group of genetic disorders characterized by a deficiency in the synthesis of globin chains. In this study the MUi009-A human induced pluripotent stem cell line was successfully generated from peripheral blood CD34 + haematopoietic progenitors of a 32 year old male who had coinherited a homozygous β°-thalassemia mutation at codon 41/42 (-TCTT) and a heterozygous α-thalassemia 4.2 deletion. The MUi009-A cell line exhibited embryonic stem cell characteristics with consistent pluripotency marker expression and the capability of differentiating into the three germ layers. The cell line may provide a tool for drug testing and gene therapy studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Presents information pertaining to the optical local area network in connection with multiprocessing systems. Parallel-fiber-ribbon optical linkage of each workstation; Basis of the switch core; Fabrication of the prototype of an optoelectronic switch core.

In this study, corncob xylooligosaccharides (corncob-XOS) were prepared enzymatically, and their beneficial effects, compared to commercial prebiotics, including fructooligosaccharides (FOS), gentiooligosaccharides (GTO), inulin, isomaltooligosaccharides (IMO), lactulose, and commercial xylooligosaccharides (commercial-XOS), were assessed. The prebiotic property of corncob-XOS, in which they enhance the growth of probiotic lactic acid bacteria (LAB), namely Lactobacillus casei TISTR1463, L. delbrueckii subsp. lactis TISTR1464, and L. plantarum TISTR1465, was tested. The result revealed that this prebiotic is a good carbon source due to its ability to promote growth and induce β-xylosidase production in all tested strains. Corncob-XOS showed excellent 2,2′-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2′-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radical scavenging activities as well as ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and the total phenolic compound content was remarkably high. The in vivo acute oral toxicity of corncob-XOS, based on behavioral alterations and the mortality of rats, was investigated. There was no significant toxic effect on body weight (bw), vital organ weight, or essential parameters of blood at the single dose level of 5000 mg/kg bw at p > 0.05. Furthermore, the median lethal dose (LD 50) of corncob-XOS suggests that they are non-toxic. Taken together, these results support the further application of corncob-XOS as alternative forms of functional foods. [Display omitted] • Corncob-XOS with high xylobiose content were achieved using purified xylanase_1948. • Prebiotic properties of corncob-XOS were comparable to commercial-XOS. • Corncob-XOS exhibited the excellent antioxidant activity. • Corncob-XOS were non-toxic prebiotics based on in vivo acute oral toxicity tests. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Can black soldier fly (BSF) larvae be a protein substitute for managing adverse food reactions (AFRs) in dogs, specifically those with dermatitis? We evaluated BSF larvae's safety, tolerance, and effectiveness as a novel protein source in dogs with AFRs. Sixteen dogs, including eight healthy controls and eight diagnosed with AFRs, were fed a diet containing BSF larvae for four weeks. Skin conditions, including dermatological lesions and Pruritus Visual Analog Scale (PVAS) scores, and gastrointestinal signs, including relevant clinical signs, stool consistency, and hematological and biochemical parameters, were monitored. No significant gastrointestinal side effects were observed. The control and AFRs groups maintained stable body weights, while stool consistency scores did not change significantly. Moreover, skin reaction data obtained before the study were collected through interviews with the owners. The mean PVAS scores in the AFRs group were significantly higher ( p < 0.05) during the self-control period (6.0 ± 1.6) when compared with other periods. However, no significant differences ( p > 0.05) were observed between the pre-study baseline (2.0 ± 1.1) and scores at 2 weeks (2.3 ± 1.5) and 4 weeks (2.4 ± 1.2) of feeding with BSF-based food, which indicated that BSF larvae did not exacerbate pruritic symptoms. Hematology and blood chemistry remained within normal ranges in all dogs, indicating no adverse effects on overall health. BSF larvae were well tolerated by AFR-affected and control dogs, with no adverse clinical outcomes. The findings suggest that BSF larvae may offer a better, sustainable alternative protein source for managing AFRs in dogs, particularly in those on hypoallergenic diets. Further long-term studies are needed to confirm these results and assess the broader implications of BSF larvae diets on canine health.

Red yeast Sporidiobolus pararoseus KM281507 has been recognized as a potential feed additive. Beyond their nutritional value (carotenoids and lipids), red yeast cells (RYCs) containing high levels of β-glucan can bind mycotoxins. This study investigated the industrial feasibility of the large-scale production of RYCs, along with their ability to act as a mycotoxin binder. Under a semi-controlled pH condition in a 300 L bioreactor, 28.70-g/L biomass, 8.67-g/L lipids, and 96.10-mg/L total carotenoids were obtained, and the RYCs were found to contain 5.73% ( w / w ) β-glucan. The encapsulated RYC was in vitro tested for its mycotoxin adsorption capacity, including for aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), zearalenone (ZEA), ochratoxin A (OTA), T-2 toxin (T-2) and deoxynivalenol (DON). The RYCs had the highest binding capacity for OTA and T-2 at concentrations of 0.31-1.25 and 0.31-2.5 µg/mL, respectively. The mycotoxin adsorption capacity was further tested using a gastrointestinal poultry model. The adsorption capacities of the RYCs and a commercial mycotoxin binder (CMB) were comparable. The RYCs not only are rich in lipids and carotenoids but also play an important role in mycotoxin binding. Since the industrial-scale production and downstream processing of RYCs were successfully demonstrated, RYCs could be applied as possible feed additives.

This study aimed to select thermotolerant yeast for bioethanol production from cellulose-rich corncob (CRC) residue. An effective yeast strain was identified as Saccharomyces cerevisiae TC-5. Bioethanol production from CRC residue via separate hydrolysis and fermentation (SHF), simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF), and prehydrolysis-SSF (pre-SSF) using this strain were examined at 35-42 °C compared with the use of commercial S. cerevisiae . Temperatures up to 40 °C did not affect ethanol production by TC-5. The ethanol concentration obtained via the commercial S. cerevisiae decreased with increasing temperatures. The highest bioethanol concentrations obtained via SHF, SSF, and pre-SSF at 35-40 °C of strain TC-5 were not significantly different (20.13-21.64 g/L). The SSF process, with the highest ethanol productivity (0.291 g/L/h), was chosen to study the effect of solid loading at 40 °C. A CRC level of 12.5% ( w / v ) via fed-batch SSF resulted in the highest ethanol concentrations of 38.23 g/L. Thereafter, bioethanol production via fed-batch SSF with 12.5% ( w / v ) CRC was performed in 5-L bioreactor. The maximum ethanol concentration and ethanol productivity values were 31.96 g/L and 0.222 g/L/h, respectively. The thermotolerant S. cerevisiae TC-5 is promising yeast for bioethanol production under elevated temperatures via SSF and the use of second-generation substrates.

Assembly of complex I of the mitochondrial respiratory chain (MRC) requires not only structural subunits for electron transport, but also assembly factors. In the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, NUAF-1 and NUAF-3 are the only two assembly factors that have been characterized. In this study, we identify ACDH-12 as an assembly factor of the respiratory complex I. We demonstrate for the first time that a deficiency of ACDH-12 affects the formation and function of complex I. RNAi knockdown of acdh-12 also shortens lifespan and decreases fecundity. Although ACDH-12 has long been recognized as a very long-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (VLCAD), the knockdown nematodes did not exhibit any change in body fat content. We suggested that in Caenorhabditis elegans, ACDH-12 is required for the assembly of the respiratory complex I, but may not be crucial to fatty acid oxidation. Interestingly, sequence analysis shows high homology between ACDH-12 and the human ACAD9, a protein that has initially been identified as a VLCAD, but later found to also be involved in the assembly of complex I in human., (Copyright © 2018 Elsevier B.V. and Mitochondria Research Society. All rights reserved.)

An integrated process for xylooligosaccharides (XOs) and bioethanol production from corncob was investigated. XOs were produced by a consecutive process of KOH treatment and hydrolysis by an in-house thermostable endo-xylanase from Streptomyces thermovulgaris. XO yields of 0.15 g/g KOH-treated corncob (22.13 g/L) and 0.52 g/g raw corncob of cellulose-rich corncob (CRC) were obtained. After 96 h of enzymatic hydrolysis, CRC hydrolysate contained 62.16, 51.21, 10.03 and 0.92 g/L of total sugar, glucose, xylose and arabinose, respectively. Bioethanol production by separate hydrolysis and fermentation (SHF) using CRC hydrolysate, and by simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) using CRC was studied at 40 °C for thermotolerant Candida glabrata. SHF showed an ethanol yield of 0.28 g/g CRC (21.92 g/L) and ethanol productivity of 0.304 g/L/h with 93% theoretical yield. Surprisingly, by SSF, those parameters were 0.27 g/g CRC (31.32 g/L), 0.33 g/L/h and 89%, respectively. This integrated process might be a new cost-effective approach for corncob valorization., (Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Delignification can be considered as a feasible process to pretreat lignocellulosic biomass in xylooligosaccharides production after the performance and efficiency has been improved through a few modifications. This study compared various pretreatment strategies such as Fenton, sonocatalytic, and sonocatalytic-synergistic Fenton employed on corncob in order to expose lignin content and saccharides to enhance the xylooligosaccharides yield by enzymatic hydrolysis. The dissolution of lignin and xylooligosaccharides production of corncob was enhanced by ultrasound assisted TiO2 and Fenton reaction. The corncob pretreated with a sonocatalytic-synergistic Fenton reaction gave the highest release of the lignin concentration level (1.03 g/L), dissolution level (80.25%), and xylooligosaccharides content (46.45 mg/g substrate). A two-step pretreatment processes consisting of the alkali treatment (pretreatment) and sonocatalytic-synergistic Fenton process (posttreatment) illustrated that subsequent enzymatic hydrolysis could be enhanced considerably. The release of the lignin concentration and xylooligosaccharides content were 33.20 g/L and 174.81 mg/g substrate, respectively. The antioxidant potential of xylooligosaccharides showed significant differences regarding the amount of xylooligosaccharides and the phenolic compounds produced., (Copyright © 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)