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20. Enhanced Punishment Responses in Patients With Schizophrenia : An Event-Related Potential Study

Author

Akgül, Özge, Fide, Ezgi, Özel, Fatih, Alptekin, Köksal, Bora, Emre, Akdede, Berna Binnur, Yener, Görsev, Akgül, Özge, Fide, Ezgi, Özel, Fatih, Alptekin, Köksal, Bora, Emre, Akdede, Berna Binnur, and Yener, Görsev

Abstract

It is well known that abnormal reward processing is a characteristic feature of various psychopathologies including schizophrenia. Reduced reward anticipation has been suggested as a core symptom of schizophrenia. The Monetary Incentive Delay Task (MID) is frequently used to detect reward anticipation. The present study aims to evaluate the amplitude and latency of event-related potential (ERP) P300 in patients with schizophrenia (SCH) compared to healthy controls during the MID task. Twenty patients with SCH and 21 demographically matched healthy controls (HC) were included in the study. ERP P300 amplitude and latency values were compared between groups using an MID task in which reward and loss cues were presented. Relations between P300 and clinical facets were investigated in the patient group. SCH group had enhanced mean P300 amplitudes and delayed peak latency in the punishment condition compared with HC. These higher responses were also associated with negative symptoms. SCH group showed altered reward processing as being more sensitive to loss of reward conditions as firstly evidenced by electrophysiological methods, possibly due to abnormality in various systems including social withdrawal, social defeat, and behavioral inhibition system.

Published
2024
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21. Early and late contingent negative variation (CNV) reflect different aspects of deficits in schizophrenia.

Author

Akgül, Özge, Fide, Ezgi, Özel, Fatih, Alptekin, Köksal, Bora, Emre, Akdede, Berna Binnur, and Yener, Görsev

Subjects
SCHIZOPHRENIA, MONETARY incentives, MENTAL depression, OLANZAPINE, EXPECTATION (Psychology), MOTIVATION (Psychology), NEUROPHYSIOLOGY
Abstract

Abnormal reward processing and psychomotor slowing are well‐known in schizophrenia (SZ). As a slow frontocentral potential, contingent negative variation (CNV) is associated with anticipatory attention, motivation and motor planning. The present study aims to evaluate the early and late amplitude and latencies of CNV in patients with SZ compared to healthy controls during a reward processing task and to show its association with clinical symptoms. We recruited 21 patients with SZ and 22 healthy controls to compare early and late CNV amplitude and latency values during a Monetary Incentive Delay (MID) Task between groups. Patients' symptom severity, levels of negative symptoms and depressive symptoms were assessed. Clinical features of the patients were further examined for their relation with CNV components. In conclusion, we found decreased early CNV amplitudes in SZ during the reward condition. They also displayed diminished and shortened late CNV responses for incentive cues, specifically at the central location. Furthermore, early CNV amplitudes exhibited a significant correlation with positive symptoms. Both CNV latencies were linked with medication dosage and the behavioural outcomes of the MID task. We revealed that early and late CNV exhibit different functions in neurophysiology and correspond to various facets of the deficits observed in patients. Our findings also emphasized that slow cortical potentials are indicative of deficient motivational processes as well as impaired reaction preparation in SZ. To gain a deeper understanding of the cognitive and motor impairments associated with psychosis, future studies must compare the effects of CNV in the early and late phases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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29. Contributors

Author

Ahearn, Eileen, primary, Al Mugaddam, Fadwa, additional, Amore, M., additional, Anastasia, A., additional, Andrews, Taylor, additional, Anmella, Gerard, additional, Arnone, Danilo, additional, Ashdown-Franks, Garcia, additional, Aziz, Karim Abdel, additional, Barichello, Tatiana, additional, Bauer, Moisés E., additional, Baune, Bernhard T., additional, Bellani, Marcella, additional, Bellivier, Frank, additional, Benedetti, Francesco, additional, Benevenuto, Deborah, additional, Bock, Nicholas A., additional, Bora, Emre, additional, Brambilla, Paolo, additional, Brunoni, Andre Russowsky, additional, Calabrese, Joseph R., additional, Camino, Sebastián, additional, Cararo, José H., additional, Carvalho, Andre Ferrer, additional, Ceylan, Deniz, additional, Chakrabarty, Trisha, additional, Chen, Peijun, additional, Cipriani, N., additional, Collodel, Allan, additional, Colombo, C., additional, Dallaspezia, Sara, additional, Del Fabro, Lorenzo, additional, DelBello, Melissa P., additional, Delvecchio, Giuseppe, additional, Doifode, Tejaswini, additional, DuBow, Anaïs, additional, Etain, Bruno, additional, Farrow, Jenni E., additional, Fernandes, Brisa S., additional, Fornaro, M., additional, Fregna, L., additional, Frey, Benicio N., additional, Fries, Gabriel R., additional, Fusco, A., additional, Gao, Keming, additional, Garza, Jacob C., additional, Gava, Fernanda F., additional, Generoso, Jaqueline S., additional, Giménez, Anna, additional, Giridharan, Vijayasree, additional, Goldstein, Benjamin I., additional, Gomes-da-Costa, Susana, additional, Grande, Iria, additional, Haggarty, Stephen J., additional, Hennion, Vincent, additional, Husain, Muhammad I., additional, Juster, Robert-Paul, additional, Kato, Tadafumi, additional, Keramatian, Kamyar, additional, Kloiber, Stefan, additional, Lima, Camila Nayane de Carvalho, additional, Locatelli, M., additional, Machado-Vieira, Rodrigo, additional, Melun, Jean-Pierre, additional, Meyer, Jeffrey H., additional, Mio, Megan, additional, Murru, Andrea, additional, Nery, Fabiano G., additional, Özerdem, Ayşegül, additional, Pacchiarotti, Isabella, additional, Pariante, Carmine Maria, additional, Patino, Luis Rodrigo, additional, Perlis, Roy H., additional, Pilieci, Christopher, additional, Pinjari, Omar F., additional, Pink, Omar, additional, Pinto, Jairo Vinícius, additional, Pisanu, Claudia, additional, Quevedo, Joao, additional, Rosenblat, Joshua D., additional, Sabiston, Catherine M., additional, Sajatovic, Martha, additional, Salagre, Estela, additional, de Sampaio Pereira Júnior, Bernardo, additional, Saraf, Gayatri, additional, Scaini, Giselli, additional, Seghi, F., additional, Sehmbi, Manpreet, additional, Serafini, G., additional, Sforzini, Luca, additional, Shahani, Lokesh, additional, Singhal, Gaurav, additional, Squassina, Alessio, additional, Stertz, Laura, additional, Teixeira, Antonio L., additional, Trinetti, Jessica, additional, Valvassori, Samira S., additional, Vázquez, Gustavo, additional, Vieta, Eduard, additional, Walss-Bass, Consuelo, additional, Wieck, Andrea, additional, Yatham, Lakshmi N., additional, and Zhao, Wen-Ning, additional

Published
2021
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33. Investigating the relationship of theory of mind and empathy with neuroimaging, neuropsychological, and neuropsychiatric data in persons with multiple sclerosis.

Author

Aslan, Taha, Ozdogar, Asiye Tuba, Sagici, Ozge, Yigit, Pinar, Zorlu, Nabi, Bora, Emre, and Ozakbas, Serkan

Subjects
MAGNETIC resonance imaging, THEORY of mind, CINGULATE cortex, COGNITIVE testing, SOCIAL perception
Abstract

Theory of Mind (ToM) is understanding others' minds. Empathy is an insight into emotions and feelings of others. Persons with multiple sclerosis (pwMS) may experience impairment in ToM and empathy. To investigate ToM, empathy, and their relationship with neuroimaging, neuropsychological, and neuropsychiatric data. 41 pwMS and 41 HC were assessed using RMET for ToM, EQ, BICAMS, HADS. Cortical and subcortical gray matter volumes were calculated with Freesurfer from 3T MRI scans. pwMS showed lower EQ scores (44.82 ± 11.9 vs 51.29 ± 9.18, p = 0.02) and worse RMET performance (22.37 ± 4.09 vs 24,47 ± 2.93, p = 0.011). Anxiety and depression were higher in pwMS. EQ correlated with subcortical (amygdala) and cortical (anterior cingulate) volumes. RMET correlated with cortical volumes (posterior cingulate, lingual). In regression analysis, amygdala volume was the single predictor of empathy performance (p = 0.041). There were no significant correlations between social cognitive tests and general cognition. A weak negative correlation was found between EQ and the level of anxiety (r = -0.342, p = 0.038) The present study indicates that pwMS have impairment on ToM and empathy. The performance of ToM and empathy in MS is linked to the volumes of critical brain areas involved in social cognition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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35. Deficits in Analytic and Common-Sense Reasoning in Schizophrenia

Author

ALPTEKİN, KÖKSAL, Bora, Emre, Akdede, Berna Binnur, and Yalincetin, Berna

Subjects
Psychiatry and Mental health
Abstract

Human rationality has a dual nature including analytic and common-sense thinking. Symptoms of schizophrenia have been suggested to be related to deficits in these aspects of logical reasoning. However, empirical studies investigating logical reasoning errors in schizophrenia and their clinical and neurocognitive correlates are scarce. Formal thought disorder and theory of mind (ToM) might be particularly important for understanding logical reasoning errors in schizophrenia. The current study compared the performances of 80 patients with schizophrenia with those of 49 healthy controls on syllogistic and counterfactual reasoning tasks and investigated clinical, neuropsychological, and social cognitive correlates of logical reasoning in schizophrenia. Patients with schizophrenia were impaired in both analytic and common-sense thinking. ToM impairment was a significant predictor of analytic reasoning abilities in schizophrenia. Executive functions and verbal memory were also significantly associated with analytic reasoning in schizophrenia. Further studies investigating logical reasoning errors in the early phases of the illness are needed.

Published
2023

36. Social Cognition in Opioid Use Disorder

Author

Yazgeç, Emre, Bora, Emre, İngeç, Seda, Çıray, R. Oğulcan, Bağcı, Başak, and Alkın, Tunç

Subjects
Psychiatry and Mental health, Health (social science), Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Medicine (miscellaneous)
Abstract

Background: Opioid use disorder (OUD) is associated with significant functional impairment and neurocognitive dysfunction, but only a handful of studies have investigated social cognitive abilities in this condition. This study aimed to investigate facial emotion recognition accuracy/biases and two different aspects of theory of mind (ToM) (ToM-decoding vs ToM-reasoning) in people with recovered OUD. Methods: The participants included 32 people with recovered OUD who were on Buprenorphine + Naloxone (B/N) maintenance treatment and 32 healthy controls. In addition to neurocognitive tasks, both groups were assessed by a facial emotion recognition task, the faux pas recognition task, and the reading the mind from the eyes task. Results: In comparison to healthy controls, people on B/N maintenance treatment showed deficits in facial emotion recognition (d = 1.32) and both aspects of ToM (d = 0.87–1.21). In analyses of individual emotions, people on B/N maintenance treatment had decreased accuracy in recognition of anger and fear and had a bias to identify other emotions as sad. The duration of opioid use was robustly associated with difficulties in the recognition of anger. Conclusion: People in B/N maintenance treatment have significant difficulties in recognizing the emotions and mental states of others. Deficits in social cognition might be important for understanding the difficulties in interpersonal and social functioning in people with OUD.

Published
2023

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