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Die Bilanzierung von Umweltwirkungen spielt eine entscheidende Rolle bei der Entwicklung nachhaltiger und umweltfreundlicher Technologien und Konzepte. Dies gilt auch in der Entwicklung von Gebäuden mit adaptiven Hüllen und Strukturen und stellt darüber hinaus weitreichende Anforderungen an alle beteiligten Disziplinen. Die vollständige Integration der Ökobilanzierung in den Planungs- und Auslegungsprozess ermöglicht, Umweltwirkungen als Optimierungsgrößen in den komplexen, dynamischen Berechnungswerkzeugen einzusetzen. Die bisherigen Ergebnisse des SFB 1244 bescheinigen adaptiven Tragwerken und Fassaden großes Potenzial zur Einsparung von Ressourcen und Umweltwirkungen. Die ganzheitliche Betrachtungsweise, sowohl in Bezug auf den Lebenszyklus als auch auf die interdisziplinären Wechselwirkungen, stellt sicher, dass die relevanten Effekte und Einflüsse in der Bilanzierung berücksichtigt werden. Das stellt die Methode der Ökobilanzierung selbst jedoch vor neue Herausforderungen im Umgang mit einer Vielzahl an Varianten und den umfangreichen Wechselwirkungen zwischen Auslegung und Einflüssen auf Parameter in der Nutzungsphase, wie z. B. den Energieverbrauch oder die Lebensdauer.

Due to the high consumption of resources and energy in the construction sector, the development of resource-efficient and sustainable construction solutions is gaining increasing attention. The awareness of sustainability and resource conservation results in the interest of using natural and renewable materials in contemporary architecture. Timber construction methods offer both constructive and ecological potential for sustainable solutions. From a building physics perspective, the acoustic performance of lightweight buildings, such as those made of timber, presents a challenge. Even if standard requirements are met, the increased low-frequency sound transmission typical for light-weight construction can cause discomfort and is already the subject of questions in building physics, which are currently increasingly extending to timber construction. Within the framework of a holistic approach, this paper compares the problem of acoustic properties, design optimizations and the ecological properties of timber-frame and solid timber construction components. The comparison with heavy materials, such as concrete, shows the relation of acoustic optimization with the change of the environmental profile. In order to establish the interaction between acoustic quality of wooden ceiling constructions and their ecological characteristics, this article aims to demonstrate the potential of materials used in the building sector under ecological aspects considering a life cycle analysis., Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft

The challenges concerning climate change require innovative approaches. Adaptive façades (AF) represent a promising approach, as making the façade adaptable brings several benefits such as less energy usage or increased comfort. Nevertheless, they are not widely used in practice, since the known advantages/motivators appeal in particular to stakeholders who have little involvement in the decision-making of the design process and entail compromises to stakeholders who do. In this article it is shown that besides the known advantages and compromises of AF, there are further motivators for stakeholders with high decision-making power. In a case study, a building with typical centralized ventilation is compared with a building where an AF with an integrated ventilation system was installed to substitute the centralized ventilation system. This results in a lower building height and corresponding weight of the construction, as the central duct system can be eliminated. 3 m of building height and up to 340 tons of material can be saved, which results in avoided impact on climate change of 110 tons CO2-eqviv. (-7%). During utilization, 615 tons of CO2-eqviv. Can be avoided. The lifecycle costs can be reduced by 485,000 € while the rentable floor space can be increased by 4%.

This document includes guidelines for the usage and best practices for the CESSDA Metadata Model version 3.0. The guidelines address all relevant aspects of the elements in the CESSDA Metadata Model and serve to provide recommendations and guidance for usage. This is version 3.0 of the User Guide and is the result of further development of the User Guides created in 2018, 2019 and 2020.

Today, polymer foams are used in numerous industries such as automotive, consumer goods, construction, medical and aerospace. The thermal and mechanical properties of water-blown polyurethane (PUR) foams can be varied over a wide range, depending on the starting materials used to produce them. After thermomechanical treatment, also known as programming, certain PUR foams exhibit a self-sufficient switching behavior during heating and cooling. This can add value and enable new applications. Here, we introduce new polyurethane foams that are able to thermoreversibly change shape. This functionality, combined with good insulating properties, paves the way for novel concepts for material-inherent thermal management. By selecting the molecular building blocks, the switching temperature range and foam properties can be tailored. The sustainability of the materials can also be increased by customized formulations. Bio-based raw materials lead to a high proportion of renewable carbon, while the selection of linear building blocks enables the formation of thermoplastic polymers that can be mechanically recycled, for example. The ecological impact of such materials and the thermal management concepts based on them can be estimated with the aid of life cycle assessments. Financial support from Fraunhofer Cluster of Excellence Programmable Materials, grant number 40-03549-2500-00002, is kindly acknowledged.

The consumption of construction materials and the pollution caused by their production can be reduced by the use of reliable adaptive load-bearing structures. Adaptive load-bearing structures are able to adapt to different load cases by specifically manipulating internal stresses using actuators installed in the structure. One main aspect of quality is reliability. A verification of reliability, and thus the safety of conventional structures, was a design issue. When it comes to adaptive load-bearing structures, the material savings reduce the stiffness of the structure, whereby integrated actuators with sensors and a control take over the stiffening. This article explains why the conventional design process is not sufficient for adaptive load-bearing structures and proposes a method for demonstrating improved reliability and environmental sustainability. For this purpose, an exemplary adaptive load-bearing structure is introduced. A linear elastic model, simulating tension in the elements of the adaptive load-bearing structure, supports the analysis. By means of a representative local load-spectrum, the operating life is estimated based on Woehler curves given by the Eurocode for the critical notches. Environmental sustainability is increased by including reliability and sustainability in design. For an exemplary high-rise adaptive load-bearing structure, this increase is more than 50%.

Social media data are increasingly used in the social sciences. Archiving social media data is associated with a number of specific practical, legal, and ethical challenges that researchers and archivists need to address. In addition, the documentation of social media data also has its own requirements. This guide discusses these different challenges and provides suggestions for addressing them. Based on general considerations as well as examples of social media data that have been archived by CESSDA service providers (and how the identified challenges have been dealt with in those cases), the guide presents suggestions for metadata elements that need to be developed or extended for the proper documentation of social media data. Taking into account the various challenges in archiving social media data and how they may be addressed, the guide also presents practical recommendations for researchers working with social media data and the development of social media data collection tools with regard to the requirements for archiving them.

This is the current public version of the CESSDA Metadata Model (CMM). Please send your requests to the CESSDA Metadata Office via metadata-office@cessda.eu. Guidelines for the usage of and best practice for the CMM can be found in the respective User Guide.

This is the current public version of the User Guide for the CESSDA Metadata Model version 2.0. The guidelines address all relevant aspects of the elements in the CESSDA Metadata Model, and serve to provide recommendations and guidance for usage. Please send your requests to the CESSDA Metadata Office via metadata-office@cessda.eu.&nbsp

This report summarizes the relevant information on the CESSDA New Data Types webinar as an additional written record to the video recording and the published slides. The webinar “Archiving Social Media Data – Challenges and Proposed Solutions” was conducted on the 4th of June 2020. This webinar is part of the CESSDA New Data Types Workplan for 2020. The first section of the report contains overview information on the webinar. The second part provides details on the content that was presented during the webinar. The third part captures questions from attendees as well as the responses to those questions. Section four presents a conclusion in which the main outcomes of the webinar and its implications are discussed, and section five comprises suggestions for further reading.

The content of this report is intended for CESSDA SPs, aspiring CESSDA members, CESSDA MO, and anyone interested in the topics in general and in the metadata work of CESSDA in particular. The report is supposed to provide information for current CESSDA SPs and aspiring CESSDA SPs on the initiatives relevant for CESSDA’s metadata work, and guidance for SPs for their general considerations on the quality and possible upgrades of their metadata. Furthermore, the report will provide information for the public and display information on what is essential for CESSDA concerning the metadata work and how CESSDA interacts with and reflects relevant metadata initiatives. Additionally, this report is intended to provide recommendations for strategic decisions on CESSDA’s metadata developments and a knowledge base that allows easy and grounded decision-making.

Several years ago, CESSDA had a dream. We would synthesize metadata from European partners and harmonize it into beautiful repositories, whether data catalogues or question banks, by making DDI less terrifying for normal human beings. Thus, the CESSDA Metadata Model (CMM) was born. And then we woke up. This presentation introduces the CESSDA Metadata Office, the CMM, and how we developed the original vision to support the CDC (CESSDA Data Catalogue) and EQB (European Question Bank). We describe the challenges along the way, from capturing first requirements in spreadsheets to refining the model into an XML schema, then a UML model, and finally, the first real-world implementation of DDI Profiles, which will change the way we measure metadata quality. This has been not only a technical journey but a pan-European collaboration between end-users and metadata experts who communicate in English but are often still speaking different languages. We also offer suggestions (learnt the hard way) about how DDI Profile mechanisms could be improved in future versions. Lastly, we outline future developments in 2021 and how the CESSDA Metadata Validator can help repositories to quality assure their published metadata. Recorded version of the whole session: https://youtu.be/YtB14nQn79Q

While much effort has gone into developing tools and methods for collecting and analyzing social media data, there still is considerable uncertainty regarding the archiving of these data. This webinar brought together experts from various institutions that have experience in working with social media data to discuss practical, ethical, and legal challenges. In the opening presentations, Libby Hemphill (ICPSR) addressed ICPSR's efforts to enhance metadata for social media objects, integrating social media data into the restricted data ecosystem at ICPSR, and the changes to technical infrastructure that social media data require. Janez Štebe (Slovenian Social Sciences Data Archives) discussed the application of FAIR indicators to social media archiving and provide an overview of existing cases of social media archiving from the SERISS project. Sara D. Thomson (University of Edinburgh) presented on common challenges and potential shared solutions across different archive sectors to ethically preserving and sharing social media. Libby Bishop (GESIS) presented metadata challenges regarding social media data, and present draft recommendations of metadata elements and documentation developed from examples of ingesting such data at GESIS. Sebastian Karcher (Qualitative Data Repository) discussed the distinct opportunities and challenges of archiving small-n social media data commonly used in qualitative social science research with a special focus on tools for archivists and researchers. Oliver Watteler (GESIS) addressed the challenges presented by cases in which researchers have circumvented legal restrictions, like license agreements or usage contracts, in order to get to the data they need. These presentations were followed by a roundtable discussion with the attendees. Note: This video is also available for viewing on Youtube.

This report summarizes the relevant information on the CESSDA Metadata Office webinar as an additional written record to the video recording. The “Webinar of the CESSDA Metadata Office – status quo, future developments & special focus on CMM” was conducted on the 6th of May 2020. The first section of the report contains overview information on the webinar. The second part provides details on the content that was presented during the webinar. The third part captures questions and comments of attendees, as well as the responses to those questions. Section number four comprises further reading proposals. This is a Deliverable D2b: Report on the webinar of the CESSDA 2020 Work Plan Task "CESSDA Metadata Office (MDO) Task 1".

Accompanying the growing importance of research data management, the provision and maintenance of metadata have obtained a key role in contextualizing, understanding, and preserving research data. Acknowledging the importance of metadata in the social sciences, the Consortium of European Social Science Data Archives (CESSDA) ERIC started the Metadata Office project in 2019. This webinar introduces the CESSDA Metadata Office (MDO) and its various activities. A special focus of the webinar was on the CESSDA Metadata Model (CMM). The Webinar was divided into two parts. The first part contained an overview of the CESSDA Metadata Office (MDO) Project, the current work, and services of the CESSDA MDO. The second part could be of special interest to anyone working with or being interested in the CESSDA Metadata Model (CMM; https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3543756). It entailed general information about the CESSDA Metadata Model and the changes that have been made between the first published version of CMM (v0.1) and the current published version of CMM (v1.0). Information on how the MDO is trying to facilitate the work with CMM in the future (e.g. by producing DDI profiles) was also presented. Note: This video is also available for viewing on Youtube.

In this article, we present documentation of the georeferenced social science survey data that are spatially linked to geospatial data attributes. We introduce the challenges of documentation, as different metadata standards are used for both data sources: social science survey data and geospatial data. In particular, we analyze the extent to which the social sciences metadata standard DDI Lifecycle is capable of incorporating the geosciences metadata standard ISO 19115. We find that the most challenging attributes to describe are those concerning the geographic structure of the geospatial data, especially if they stem from different sources. To navigate these issues, we developed and evaluated four workaround approaches which we demonstrate in a case study on the georeferenced German General Social Survey. Because not all of the approaches apply equally to every research project and institution, we provide a scheme to assist in making informed and weighted decisions.

Calcineurin dephosphorylates nuclear factor of activated T cells transcription factors, thereby facilitating T cell-mediated immune responses. Calcineurin inhibitors are instrumental for immunosuppression after organ transplantation but may cause side effects, including hypertension and electrolyte disorders. Kidneys were recently shown to display activation of the furosemide-sensitive Na-K-2Cl cotransporter (NKCC2) of the thick ascending limb and the thiazide-sensitive Na-Cl cotransporter (NCC) of the distal convoluted tubule upon calcineurin inhibition using cyclosporin A (CsA). An involvement of major hormones like angiotensin II or arginine vasopressin (AVP) has been proposed. To resolve this issue, the effects of CsA treatment in normal Wistar rats, AVP-deficient Brattleboro rats, and cultured renal epithelial cells endogenously expressing either NKCC2 or NCC were studied. Acute administration of CsA to Wistar rats rapidly augmented phosphorylation levels of NKCC2, NCC, and their activating kinases suggesting intraepithelial activating effects. Chronic CsA administration caused salt retention and hypertension, along with stimulation of renin and suppression of renal cyclooxygenase 2, pointing to a contribution of endocrine and paracrine mechanisms at long term. In Brattleboro rats, CsA induced activation of NCC, but not NKCC2, and parallel effects were obtained in cultured cells in the absence of AVP. Stimulation of cultured thick ascending limb cells with AVP agonist restored their responsiveness to CsA. Our results suggest that the direct epithelial action of calcineurin inhibition is sufficient for the activation of NCC, whereas its effect on NKCC2 is more complex and requires concomitant stimulation by AVP.

This presentation focuses on the CESSDA Metadata Office Project and on the CESSDA metadata model.

The provision and maintenance of metadata – understood as data about (research) data – has a key role in contextualizing, understanding, and preserving research data within Research Data Management (RDM). Acknowledging the importance of metadata in the social sciences, the Consortium of European Social Science Data Archives started the Metadata Office project (MDO) in 2019. This presentation covers the various activities and impact of the MDO, including metadata models, controlled vocabularies and thesauri, and introduces plans on how the project may develop. The MDO collaborates with the DDI Alliance on multilingual translations of DDI vocabularies for CESSDA Service Providers and provides communication, training and advice on metadata and DDI use across CESSDA.

This is the first public version of the CESSDA Metadata Model (CMM). Please note that it is considered as a final draft, meaning that comments and requests for revision from the CESSDA community are welcome. Please send your requests to the CESSDA Metadata Office via metadata-office@cessda.eu. Guidelines for the usage of and best practice for the CMM can be found in the respective User Guide (https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3236193).&nbsp

This document includes guidelines for the usage of and best practice for the CESSDA Metadata Model (https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3236171). The guidelines address all relevant aspects of the elements in the CESSDA Metadata Model, and serve to provide recommendations and guidance for usage. Please note that this document is the first public version of the User Guide for the CESSDA Metadata Model and thus considered as a final draft, meaning that comments and requests for revision by the CESSDA community are welcome. Please send your requests to the CESSDA Metadata Office via metadata-office@cessda.eu.

Over the years, the social sciences have become increasingly data intensive. Hence, data repositories must facilitate the identification and location of data. Persistent identification is essential for sustainable and reliable resource discovery and reuse. The use of a persistent identifier (PID) supports data access, referencing data and data citation. However using PIDs pose complex technical and organizational challenges to data providers. This presentation discusses our paper on the use of PIDs within CESSDA ERIC (Consortium of European Social Science Data Archives European Infrastructure Research Consortium). CESSDA ERIC provides its communities with well documented, verifiable and understandable research data. This can be majorly supported by the assignment of PIDs, that are unique on a global scale. In order to find a common approach to the use of PIDs among CESSDA members, CESSDA started the PID project in 2015. For this project, GESIS conducted quantitative and qualitative surveys among CESSDA members, to assess their current status and their needs concerning PID usage. The results of these surveys lay the groundwork for the CESSDA ERIC Persistent Identifier Policy. Those surveys, their results as well as the resulting PID Policy shall be presented here.

The antidiuretic hormone vasopressin (AVP) regulates renal salt and water reabsorption along the distal nephron and collecting duct system. These effects are mediated by vasopressin 2 receptors (V2R) and release of intracellular Gs-mediated cAMP to activate epithelial transport proteins. Inactivating mutations in the V2R gene lead to the X-linked form of nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (NDI), which has chiefly been related with impaired aquaporin 2-mediated water reabsorption in the collecting ducts. Previous work also suggested the AVP-V2R-mediated activation of Na+-K+-2Cl−-cotransporters (NKCC2) along the thick ascending limb (TAL) in the context of urine concentration, but its individual contribution to NDI or, more generally, to overall renal function was unclear. We hypothesized that V2R-mediated effects in TAL essentially determine its reabsorptive function. To test this, we reevaluated V2R expression. Basolateral membranes of medullary and cortical TAL were clearly stained, whereas cells of the macula densa were unreactive. A dominant-negative, NDI-causing truncated V2R mutant (Ni3-Glu242stop) was then introduced into the rat genome under control of the Tamm-Horsfall protein promoter to cause a tissue-specific AVP-signaling defect exclusively in TAL. Resulting Ni3-V2R transgenic rats revealed decreased basolateral but increased intracellular V2R signal in TAL epithelia, suggesting impaired trafficking of the receptor. Rats displayed significant baseline polyuria, failure to concentrate the urine in response to water deprivation, and hypercalciuria. NKCC2 abundance, phosphorylation, and surface expression were markedly decreased. In summary, these data indicate that suppression of AVP-V2R signaling in TAL causes major impairment in renal fluid and electrolyte handling. Our results may have clinical implications.

The furosemide-sensitive Na+-K+-2Cl(-)-cotransporter (NKCC2) is crucial for NaCl reabsorption in kidney thick ascending limb (TAL) and drives the urine concentrating mechanism. NKCC2 activity is modulated by N-terminal phosphorylation and dephosphorylation. Serine-threonine kinases that activate NKCC2 have been identified, but less is known about phosphatases that deactivate NKCC2. Inhibition of calcineurin phosphatase has been shown to stimulate transport in the TAL and the distal convoluted tubule. Here, we identified NKCC2 as a target of the calcineurin A beta isoform. Short-term cyclosporine administration in mice augmented the abundance of phospho-NKCC2, and treatment of isolated TAL with cyclosporine increased the chloride affinity and transport activity of NKCC2. Because sorting-related receptor with A-type repeats (SORLA) may affect NKCC2 phosphoregulation, we used SORLA-knockout mice to test whether SORLA is involved in calcineurin-dependent modulation of NKCC2. SORLA-deficient mice showed more calcineurin A beta in the apical region of TAL cells and less NKCC2 phosphorylation and activity compared with littermate controls. In contrast, overexpression of SORLA in cultured cells reduced the abundance of endogenous calcineurin A beta. Cyclosporine administration rapidly normalized the abundance of phospho-NKCC2 in SORLA-deficient mice, and a functional interaction between calcineurin A beta and SORLA was further corroborated by binding assays in rat kidney extracts. In summary, we have shown that calcineurin A beta and SORLA are key components in the phosphoregulation of NKCC2. These results may have clinical implications for imnnunosuppressive therapy using calcineurin inhibitors.

The CESSDA (Consortium of European Social Science Data Archives) Metadata Management project produced in May 2017 the CESSDA Metadata Standards Portfolio Version 1 that contains the CESSDA Metadata Core Model and the multilingual CESSDA Controlled Vocabularies. The Portfolio is based on DDI Lifecycle 3.2 and DDI CVs. We will provide a rough overview of the Core Metadata Model and the CVs, and demonstrate how we used the DDI capabilities to represent our model, and how the model can support building CESSDA services like the Product and Service Catalogue and the Euro Question Bank. The CESSDA metadata work continues in CMM Phase 2 project that will enhance and expand the Portfolio, and make it possible to align optimally with other CESSDA initiatives. The second part of the presentation will give a preview of the outputs of CMM phase 2. We will also discuss the challenges of developing the CMM model and the lessons learned so far.

"This document contains guidelines for the implementation of the CESSDA Persistent Identifier Policy Principles. These guidelines address all CESSDA Service Providers (SP). This information is aimed at supporting CESSDA SP to implement the use of global Persistent Identifiers (PID) and to assess the consequences for their organisation." (Introduction, p. 3)

"The CESSDA ERIC Persistent Identifier Policy is intended to support the aims of locating, discovering, referencing, identifying and citing CESSDA SP data holdings. It serves as a basis for a common approach to the use of Persistent Identifier services across the CESSDA SP. The policy contains requirements regarding the use of Persistent Identifiers to which the CESSDA SP must adhere to. The principles of the PID Policy are aligned with the CESSDA ERIC Statutes and the CESSDA ERIC Data Access Policy." (Introduction, page 2)

Caveolin-1 (Cav1) is essential for the formation of caveolae. Little is known about their functional role in the kidney. We tested the hypothesis that caveolae modulate renal salt and water reabsorption. Wild-type (WT) and Cav1-deficient (Cav1−/−) mice were studied. Cav1 expression and caveolae formation were present in vascular cells, late distal convoluted tubule and principal connecting tubule and collecting duct cells of WT but not Cav1−/− kidneys. Urinary sodium excretion was increased by 94% and urine flow by 126% in Cav1−/− mice (p

At EDDI15 the CESSDA Metadata Management (CMM) group presented the project which had just been started. One year later, the creation of the Metadata Portfolio Version1 is under way and considerations for the CMM Phase 2, and therefore the “next, evolved and adapted generation” of the Metadata Portfolio, are being made. This presentation will focus on the current status of the CMM Core Metadata Model Version 1. The authors will present the relevant interim results and highlight the broad use of DDI-Lifecycle within the model. The model takes into account the needs of resource discovery, the CESSDA Euro Question Bank, preservation, and multi-lingual items. The extension and adaptation of the Core Metadata Model for Phase 2 of the project is intended to meet further user needs (identified in Phase 1) and the requirement to coordinate the model with the DDI Moving Forward data model. Additionally, we intend to portray the ideas, prospects and challenges for this next, extended and amended version of the Core Metadata Model.