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Milk consumption is crucial for a balanced diet, yet recent trends indicate a decline, especially in Italy. A significant factor in this decline is the altered perception of milk quality among consumers, which has created a communication gap between them and other stakeholders. This study aimed to explore the discourse on social media and sentiment towards the concept of milk quality among consumers, farmers, and processors. The research adopted social media analysis to examine online-community messages. A sample of 19,906 Italian comments and posts mentioning keywords "milk", "quality", "cow", and "vaccine" was collected and categorized using term-frequency analysis, correspondence analysis, and sentiment analysis. Results highlighted gaps in perceptions of milk quality: farmers focused on economic issues, consumers on animal welfare and health, and processors on lactose content. For farmers, almost all comments were negative, while for processors, nearly all comments were positive. Consumers presented a more mixed picture. This work contributes to the literature by expanding research on milk quality, using social media as a source of information. The findings suggest that enhancing communication and understanding among these groups could lead to more effective strategies for addressing consumer concerns, potentially reversing the decline in milk consumption.

Gli interventi di discussione dell’articolo-bersaglio: “La psicologia della salute come professione ...” stimolano gli Autori a disegnare un percorso di costruzione scientifico-professionale della psicologia della salute (PdS) come processo aperto, articolato in divenire, fondato sull’intreccio fra cinque dimensioni-base: a) costruzione fenomenica (sviluppo storico-socioculturale di rappresentazioni, modelli, pratiche di salute); b) costruzione scientifica (sviluppo di teorie e metodi ancorati a un paradigma); c) costruzione professionale (sviluppo di posizionamenti, profili, contesti professionali); d) costruzione formativa (sviluppo di percorsi, obiettivi e delle competenze attese); e) costruzione istituzionale (“territorializzazione” della PdS sul piano scientifico-professionale in relazione al welfare e alla servitizzazione dell’offerta di salute). Il processo è disegnato in modo sistemico e circolare

partire da una ricerca condotta nel 2023 in Italia sugli psicologi professionisti, sono focalizzati e discussi alcuni risultati che illustrano il percorso di professionalizzazione della psicologia della salute. L’analisi dei dati indica che: 1. la salute rappresenta un ancoraggio per gran parte dei professionisti psicologi (80%) ma solo come riferimento tematico e non pragmatico, ovvero come organizzatore della rappresentazione della professione ma non delle pratiche professionali; 2. un design professionale della psicologia della salute deve tener conto di una articolazione plurale dei contesti operativi entro cui la disciplina si colloca; 3. un percorso di professionalizzazione della disciplina è chiamato a confrontarsi anche con la variazione dei contesti professionali entro cui la psicologia della salute si colloca: anzitutto con i cambiamenti in atto relativi al contesto pubblico di welfare (implosione) e con quelli presenti nel contesto libero-professionale (crescita).

Milk consumption has traditionally been recognized as a fundamental element of global dietary patterns due to its perceived nutritional advantages. Nonetheless, a substantial decrease in milk consumption has been identified within diverse populations in recent times. Specifically, consumers’ expectations and representations of milk quality have undergone notable transformations, contributing to the observed reduction in consumption. The objective of this systematic review was to conduct a comprehensive examination and categorization of the conceptual attributes associated with milk quality, considering the representations of citizen-consumers, farmers, and processing experts. This review was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The titles and abstracts of 409 articles were screened, and 20 full-text articles were assessed for eligibility. The results demonstrate the existence of a dual articulation in the conceptual definition of milk quality. Farmers and processing experts exhibited a relatively similar representation of milk quality, focusing on technical indicators. In contrast, citizen-consumers held more simplistic and subjective concepts that are challenging to quantify. This study emphasized the critical need for establishing a platform for communication and knowledge exchange to foster shared representations and expectations regarding milk quality.

Patient engagement has been recognized as a key priority in chronic care. However,scholars agree that guidelines are needed to ensure effective patient engagement strategies. Tothis end, a Consensus Conference process was promoted with the following methodological steps:(1) extensive literature review about patient engagement initiatives in chronic care; (2) a stakeholderssurvey to collect best practices and (3) workshops with experts. On the basis of the informationcollected, a consensus statement was drafted, revised, and finalized by a panel of select renownedexperts. These experts agreed in defining engagement as an eco-systemic concept involving multipleactors all of which contribute to influence patients’ willingness and ability to engage in chronic care.Moreover, experts recommended, whenever possible, to adopt standardized instruments to assess engagement levels and related unmet needs. Then, experts strongly advised appropriate trainings for healthcare professionals about patient engagement strategies. Furthermore, the importance of promoting healthcare professionals’ wellbeing has been advocated. Family caregivers, as well as patients’ organizations - should be trained and engaged to increase the effectiveness of interventions dedicated to patients. Finally, experts agreed that digital technologies should be considered as acrucial enhancer for patient engagement in chronic care

The Authors reply to the contributions on the target article "A transdisciplinary scenario on health: A paradigm for psychology and psychologists?" underlining the development of two thematic lines of reflection. On the one hand, there is a deepening of the reasons in favor of a transdisciplinary approach to health and in favor of a commitment of psychology in this sense. On the other hand, a series of "open questions" are discussed that psychology is called upon to tackle in the near future if it is aimed to orient its development in a transdisciplinary perspective. Both lines are considered essential for a verification of the viability of the transdisciplinary scenario by health psychology.

The Third Monitor on Psychology Professions in Italy (2018) offers a snapshot of the current situation and – in comparison with previous surveys – it allows to follow the process of professionalization of psychology in the last decade in this country. The analysis highlights some structural elements of the process on which to build an agenda for a strategic management of the profession: the growing size of the professional group, the gender connotation (female) of the group, the difficulty in generating economic and reputational value through the profession, a wide range of professional positions to be connected with a core identity focused on the theme of health, the challenge of a professional future perceived as discontinuous compared to today and of redesigning a training offer more in line with the profession. A final consideration outlines the organizational and process design to support the management of the agenda.

In un contesto socio-economico che ancora risente degli effetti della recente crisi finanziaria, una delle maggiori sfide del governo consiste nel promuovere il contributo individuale al bene comune. Tale contributo include l’allocazione di risorse di tipo monetario, sia sotto forma di correttezza fiscale, sia effettuando donazioni a organizzazioni no-profit, ed é fondamentale per il funzionamento della societá. Utilizzando la prospettiva della psicologia economica, é stata esplorata la propensione degli individui a contribuire economicamente al bene comune, nel loro duplice ruolo di cittadini (mossi da senso civico) e consumatori (che si aspettano un ritorno dalle proprie transazioni monetarie). La propensione a versare correttamente le tasse e ad effettuare donazioni monetarie sono state confrontate utilizzando diversi frame su un campione di 481 soggetti (61,7% femmine; etá media=35,4, d.s.=13,5). Il primo gruppo é stato sottoposto a un frame che enfatizzava un ritorno di tipo ‘materiale’ (aumento del welfare, creazione di servizi di pubblica utilitá, ecc.). Il secondo gruppo é stato sottoposto a un frame che enfatizzava un ritorno di tipo ‘emozionale’ (gratificazione personale, consapevolezza di aver svolto il proprio dovere, ecc.). Il terzo gruppo non é stato sottoposto ad alcun frame (condizione di controllo). Considerando solo i soggetti lavoratori (i contribuenti reali), i risultati evidenziano che il frame di tipo materiale ha effetto sul versamento delle tasse (specialmente per i soggetti mossi da una tax compliance di tipo enforced), non sulle donazioni. Viceversa, il frame di tipo emozionale ha effetto solo sulle donazioni. Considerando invece la popolazione di studenti, il frame emozionale ha effetto anche sulla propensione a versare correttamente le tasse. Questi risultati preliminari suggeriscono che, in assenza di esperienza fiscale, pagare le tasse ed effettuare donazioni sono influenzate da meccanismi simili, che sembrano invece differenzia

The concept of patient engagement is receiving a growing attention in the healthcare field. The last decades have seen a deep revision of care models in the aim of a greater acknowledge of the patient role, seen as an expert actor, in the healthcare process. On the other side, healthcare systems are facing a growing request for participation expressed by citizens and patients. People claim for being more involved in all the crucial turning point of their healthcare journey and of being better aware of their right and duties. They require a deeper knowledge about all the different therapeutic options with the related risks and advantages. However, although all the different stakeholders agree in considering patient engagement a pragmatic further then ethical priority, a shared consensus related to the strategies and instrument to promote has still to come. Patients and healthcare professional perspective about the factors that may hinder or sustain patient engagement still need to be further studied and at shared recommendations - about the programs better effective and efficient in promoting patient engagement - are still missed. Based on these premises, Università Cattolica of Milano and DG Welfare of Regione Lombardia, under the methodological supervision of the Istituto Superiore di Sanità , promoted a consesus conference entitled "Recommendation for promoting patient engagement in healthcare for chronic conditions". This consensus conferences constituted the occasion of sharing and discussion among experts belonging to different clinical and institutional contexts as well as with representative of patients associations in order to identify good practices and effective tools to promote patient engagement in the care and cure process for chronic conditions.

Currently we observe a gap between theory and practices of patient engagement. If both scholars and health practitioners do agree on the urgency to realize patient engagement, no shared guidelines exist so far to orient clinical practice. Despite a supportive policy context, progress to achieve greater patient engagement is patchy and slow and often concentrated at the level of policy regulation without dialoguing with practitioners from the clinical field as well as patients and families. Though individual clinicians, care teams and health organizations may be interested and deeply committed to engage patients and family members in the medical course, they may lack clarity about how to achieve this goal. This contributes to a wide "system" inertia-really difficult to be overcome-and put at risk any form of innovation in this filed. As a result, patient engagement risk today to be a buzz words, rather than a real guidance for practice. To make the field clearer, we promoted an Italian Consensus Conference on Patient Engagement (ICCPE) in order to set the ground for drafting recommendations for the provision of effective patient engagement interventions. The ICCPE will conclude in June 2017. This document reports on the preliminary phases of this process. In the paper, we advise the importance of "fertilizing a patient engagement ecosystem": an oversimplifying approach to patient engagement promotion appears the result of a common illusion. Patient "disengagement" is a symptom that needs a more holistic and complex approach to solve its underlined causes. Preliminary principles to promote a patient engagement ecosystem are provided in the paper.

The increasing life expectancy at birth and the improvement of general health observed worldwide over the previous years are likely due to many factors. In this regard, the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) has highlighted the favourable situation of the Italian population, which is amongst the most privileged in the world. In Italy, the national healthcare system is easily accessible to the whole population without direct costs, and alcohol abuse and cigarette smoke are less widespread compared to neighbouring countries. Moreover, the population still largely follows a dietary pattern characterised by the consumption of foods rich in protective compounds (plant foods and their components, such as fibre, polyphenols and polyunsaturated fatty acids). According to recent data, a significant consumption of these foods, which are key components of the Mediterranean model, is likely to play a more important role compared to the limited consumption of nutrients considered less favourable (essentially, saturated fat and sugar). Based on these assumptions, it can be inferred that the adoption of coercive legislative interventions—which have been introduced in other western countries to improve diet quality—may not be an optimal strategy in a country like Italy. Such an intervention would contend with psychological and social aspects (namely with the belief that participating in decision-making is an essential right) and with broader indications emerging in the research within this field (the effectiveness of a nudge approach as opposed to constraining interventions). These factors may limit any expected positive impact on health within this context. Level of evidence: Level V, narrative review.

This paper is the post-face of the book

Summary: Although horticultural interventions have potential therapeutic effects on patients’ clinical and psychological outcomes, there is a lack of scientific research based on the experience of elderly post-stroke patients involved in therapeutic gardening during their rehabilitation program. This paper explores post-stroke patients’ experience of a person-centered therapeutic gardening intervention within their rehabilitation programs, by: 1) deepening the comprehension of their own psycho-social experience; and 2) evaluating whether therapeutic gardening is perceived by patients as an occasion to foster their engagement toward rehabilitation and self-care. A qualitative phenomenological study was conducted based on semi-structured interviews and diaries of 22 neurological post-stroke patients. Five main themes were identified from interviews and diaries: 1) the positive experience of nature, 2) therapeutic gardening as a protected self-expression space, 3) contact with nature as a boost for self-efficacy, 4) the plant as a catalyst of the patient-therapist relationship, 5) therapeutic gardening as a bridge between the hospital environment and the outside world. Post-stroke patients who engage in therapeutic gardening perceived it as a way to foster their active role in medical care, enabling a proactive and positive attitude towards disease management. It is of vital importance that therapeutic gardening interventions are appropriately evaluated in order to develop the existing evidence base.

La "visione bibliometrica" si sta configurando quale elemento distintivo nell'operazione di reset della valutazione dell'attività scientifica. Il rischio è quello di orientare i ricercatori a pensare che il principale obiettivo sia il raggiungimento degli indici.

La “visione bibliometrica” si sta configurando quale elemento distintivo nell’operazione di reset della valutazione dell’attività scientifica. Il rischio è quello di orientare i ricercatori a pensare che il principale obiettivo sia il raggiungimento degli indici.

Quanti psicologi ci sono oggi in Italia? Che cosa fa uno psicologo? Come si forma uno psicologo? Attorno a queste tre domande gli autori tracciano una panoramica sulla professione di psicologo oggi in Italia, utile per orientare uno studente interessato a intraprendere questo percorso formativo e professionale.

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Il concetto di engagement nella letteratura di marketing e di psicologia del consumatore è oggi frequentemente richiamato a fronte della necessità di favorire nuove forme partecipative e co-creative di scambio tra “domanda” e “offerta” di prodotti e servizi (materiali e immateriali). Il verbo inglese to engage è polisemico e rimanda alla capacità sia di attrarre l’attenzione di qualcuno, sia di legare emozionalmente una persona in un contratto affettivo che è duraturo e forte, sia di “assumere” qualcuno, di “tirarlo a bordo”, di renderlo parte di qualcosa (Oxford English Dictionary, 2010). Il concetto di consumer engagement è, infatti, di natura eminentemente relazionale e si propone come chiave di lettura sistemica delle diverse componenti organizzative, relazionali e psicologiche che sono in gioco nella dinamica relativa all’erogazione-fruizione di un servizio e/o prodotto (Hollebeek, 2011; Brodie & Hollebeek, 2011; Gambetti & Graffigna, 2009). Nel presente contributo, a partire dalla prospettiva teorica della value-co-creation di Vargo & Lusch (2004) si procederà alla rilettura critica di alcune esperienze di ricerca maturate nell’ambito della psicologia dei consumi e della salute al fine di sintetizzare le determinanti individuali, relazionali e organizzative che – dal punto di vista del consumatore/fruitore dei prodotti-servizi – possono favorire o ostacolare il processo di engagement e co-costruzione di valore. In particolare si ragionerà a partire da tre casi di ricerca: 1) il primo relativo al processo di engagement di un consumatore verso il brand; 2) il secondo relativo all’engagement del paziente cronico nella gestione della sua cura; 3) il terzo relativo all’engagement dei cittadini maturi nella promozione di stili di vita attivi

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Si tratta di un obiettivo importante ma non strettamente cogente, a differenza di altri, quali lo sviluppo scientifico-culturale e la trasmissione/condivisione dei saperi. E sempre più difficile stante il cambiamento progressivo del modello professionale.

The financial contribution to the common good is a relevant issue to contemporary societies, especially in the wake of the Global Financial Crisis. In the economic literature, taxes and monetary donations have been regarded as two complementary ways of financially providing for the common good. In the psychological literature, instead, they have not been studied in conjunction. In-depth interviews have been conducted using interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) approach and a photo-elicitation technique to investigate the representations people share on the financial provision for the common good. Results suggest that both taxes and donations are seen as indirect, rather than direct, ways of providing for the common good. From a formal and cognitive level, paying taxes and making donations can be seen as two sides of the same coin, but they present differences at the affective level. When paying taxes, people are concerned mostly about the effects and expect a material exchange in return; when making a monetary donation, people are concerned mostly about the motivations and expect an emotional exchange in return.