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4. Prevention of Obesity

Author

Müller, Manfred J., Gaetjens, Isabel, Bosy-Westphal, Anja, Herpertz, Stephan, editor, de Zwaan, Martina, editor, and Zipfel, Stephan, editor

Published
2024
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5. Microbiome and metabolome insights into the role of the gastrointestinal-brain axis in neurodegenerative diseases: unveiling potential therapeutic targets

Author

Zacharias, Helena U., Kaleta, Christoph, Cossais, Francois, Schaeffer, Eva, Berndt, Henry, Best, Lena, Dost, Thomas, Glüsing, Svea, Groussin, Mathieu, Poyet, Mathilde, Heinzel, Sebastian, Bang, Corinna, Siebert, Leonard, Demetrowitsch, Tobias, Leypoldt, Frank, Adelung, Rainer, Bartsch, Thorsten, Bosy-Westphal, Anja, Schwarz, Karin, and Berg, Daniela

Subjects
Quantitative Biology - Tissues and Organs, Quantitative Biology - Molecular Networks, Quantitative Biology - Neurons and Cognition
Abstract

Due to the aging of the world population and westernization of lifestyles, the prevalence of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD) is rapidly rising and is expected to put a strong socioeconomic burden on health systems worldwide. Due to the limited success of clinical trials of therapies against neurodegenerative diseases, research has extended its scope to a systems medicine point of view, with a particular focus on the gastrointestinal-brain axis as a potential main actor in disease development and progression. Microbiome as well as metabolome studies along the gastrointestinal-brain axis have already revealed important insights into disease pathomechanisms. Both the microbiome and metabolome can be easily manipulated by dietary and lifestyle interventions, and might thus offer novel, readily available therapeutic options to prevent the onset as well as the progression of PD and AD. This review summarizes our current knowledge on the association between microbiota, metabolites, and neurodegeneration in light of the gastrointestinal-brain axis. In this context, we also illustrate state-of-the art methods of microbiome and metabolome research as well as metabolic modeling that facilitate the identification of disease pathomechanisms. We conclude our review with therapeutic options to modulate microbiome composition to prevent or delay neurodegeneration and illustrate potential future research directions to fight PD and AD.

Published
2022

6. The bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) international database: aims, scope, and call for data

Author

Silva, Analiza M., Campa, Francesco, Stagi, Silvia, Gobbo, Luís A., Buffa, Roberto, Toselli, Stefania, Silva, Diego Augusto Santos, Gonçalves, Ezequiel M., Langer, Raquel D., Guerra-Júnior, Gil, Machado, Dalmo R. L., Kondo, Emi, Sagayama, Hiroyuki, Omi, Naomi, Yamada, Yosuke, Yoshida, Tsukasa, Fukuda, Wataru, Gonzalez, Maria Cristina, Orlandi, Silvana P., Koury, Josely C., Moro, Tatiana, Paoli, Antonio, Kruger, Salome, Schutte, Aletta E., Andreolli, Angela, Earthman, Carrie P., Fuchs-Tarlovsky, Vanessa, Irurtia, Alfredo, Castizo-Olier, Jorge, Mascherini, Gabriele, Petri, Cristian, Busert, Laura K., Cortina-Borja, Mario, Bailey, Jeanette, Tausanovitch, Zachary, Lelijveld, Natasha, Ghazzawi, Hadeel Ali, Amawi, Adam Tawfiq, Tinsley, Grant, Kangas, Suvi T., Salpéteur, Cécile, Vázquez-Vázquez, Adriana, Fewtrell, Mary, Ceolin, Chiara, Sergi, Giuseppe, Ward, Leigh C., Heitmann, Berit L., da Costa, Roberto Fernandes, Vicente-Rodriguez, German, Cremasco, Margherita Micheletti, Moroni, Alessia, Shepherd, John, Moon, Jordan, Knaan, Tzachi, Müller, Manfred J., Braun, Wiebke, García‐Almeida, José M., Palmeira, António L., Santos, Inês, Larsen, Sofus C., Zhang, Xueying, Speakman, John R., Plank, Lindsay D., Swinburn, Boyd A., Ssensamba, Jude Thaddeus, Shiose, Keisuke, Cyrino, Edilson S., Bosy-Westphal, Anja, Heymsfield, Steven B., Lukaski, Henry, Sardinha, Luís B., Wells, Jonathan C., and Marini, Elisabetta

Published
2023
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17. Sarcopenic obesity research perspectives outlined by the sarcopenic obesity global leadership initiative (SOGLI) – Proceedings from the SOGLI consortium meeting in Rome November 2022

Author

Bosy-Westphal, Anja, Brunani, Amelia, Capodaglio, Paolo, Coletti, Dario, Ferretti, Elisabetta, Frigerio, Francesco, Giustina, Andrea, Lenzi, Andrea, Marini, Elisabetta, Migliaccio, Silvia, Minnetti, Marianna, Mocini, Edoardo, Moro, Tatiana, Muscaritoli, Maurizio, Noirez, Philippe, Paoli, Antonio, Rondanelli, Mariangela, Rughetti, Auralia, Schoufour, Josje D., Skalska, Anna, Topinkova, Eva, Wakabayashi, Hidekata, Yu, Jianchun, Gortan Cappellari, Gianluca, Guillet, Christelle, Poggiogalle, Eleonora, Ballesteros Pomar, Maria D., Batsis, John A., Boirie, Yves, Breton, Irene, Frara, Stefano, Genton, Laurence, Gepner, Yftach, Gonzalez, Maria Cristina, Heymsfield, Steven B., Kiesswetter, Eva, Laviano, Alessandro, Prado, Carla M., Santini, Ferruccio, Serlie, Mireille J., Siervo, Mario, Villareal, Dennis T., Volkert, Dorothee, Voortman, Trudy, Weijs, Peter JM., Zamboni, Mauro, Bischoff, Stephan C., Busetto, Luca, Cederholm, Tommy, Barazzoni, Rocco, and Donini, Lorenzo M.

Published
2023
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18. Prävention der Adipositas

Author

Müller, Manfred J., Gaetjens, Isabel, Bosy-Westphal, Anja, Herpertz, Stephan, editor, de Zwaan, Martina, editor, and Zipfel, Stephan, editor

Published
2022
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23. A comprehensive in-vitro/in-vivo screening toolbox for the elucidation of glucose homeostasis modulating properties of plant extracts (from roots) and its bioactives.

Author

Bauer, Ilka, Rimbach, Gerald, Cordeiro, Sönke, Bosy-Westphal, Anja, Weghuber, Julian, Ipharraguerre, Ignacio R., and Lüersen, Kai

Subjects
PLANT extracts, HOMEOSTASIS, GLUCOSE transporters, CD26 antigen, EGGS, PEPTIDASE
Abstract

Plant extracts are increasingly recognized for their potential in modulating (postprandial) blood glucose levels. In this context, root extracts are of particular interest due to their high concentrations and often unique spectrum of plant bioactives. To identify new plant species with potential glucose-lowering activity, simple and robust methodologies are often required. For this narrative review, literature was sourced from scientific databases (primarily PubMed) in the period from June 2022 to January 2024. The regulatory targets of glucose homeostasis that could be modulated by bioactive plant compounds were used as search terms, either alone or in combination with the keyword “root extract”. As a result, we present a comprehensive methodological toolbox for studying the glucose homeostasis modulating properties of plant extracts and its constituents. The described assays encompass in-vitro investigations involving enzyme inhibition (α-amylase, α-glucosidase, dipeptidyl peptidase 4), assessment of sodium-dependent glucose transporter 1 activity, and evaluation of glucose transporter 4 translocation. Furthermore, we describe a patch-clamp technique to assess the impact of extracts on KATP channels. While validating in-vitro findings in living organisms is imperative, we introduce two screen able in-vivo models (the hen’s egg test and Drosophila melanogaster). Given that evaluation of the bioactivity of plant extracts in rodents and humans represents the current gold standard, we include approaches addressing this aspect. In summary, this review offers a systematic guide for screening plant extracts regarding their influence on key regulatory elements of glucose homeostasis, culminating in the assessment of their potential efficacy in-vivo. Moreover, application of the presented toolbox might contribute to further close the knowledge gap on the precise mechanisms of action of plant-derived compounds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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24. Perspective: Do Scientists Become Part of the Obesity Problem?

Author

Müller, Manfred J., Bosy-Westphal, Anja, and Wells, Jonathan C.K.

Subjects
REGULATION of body weight, NON-communicable diseases, OBESITY, MEDICAL research, FOOD supply
Abstract

Obesity is fundamentally a condition where physiology and behavior of individuals meet the environment, and the emerging global obesity pandemic reflects the contribution of a wide range of cultural, societal, economic and systemic driving forces. Today, different areas of obesity research are relatively separated from each other in discrete silos, with biomedical research determining most of our understanding and solution strategies. This has led to the Y in the road, which means the questionable assumption that effective drug treatment of individual patients is also an effective measure to improve population health. Since human obesity is a condition of population health and planetary impact a better integration of biomedical and public health approaches is based on critical (self-)reflection and communicative understanding of scientists from various research areas who should be on an equal footing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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28. Festschrift zum 75. Jubiläum der Agrar- und Ernährungswissenschaftlichen Fakultät der Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel (1946-2021)

Author

Abdulai, Awudu, additional, Blume, Hans-Peter, additional, Borchard, Karsten, additional, Bosy-Westphal, Anja, additional, Donath, Tobias W., additional, Henning, Christian H. C. A., additional, Döring, Frank, additional, Drepper, Kraft, additional, Fink, Arnold, additional, Fohrer, Nicola, additional, Franz, Charles M. A. P., additional, Gravert, Hans Otto, additional, Fritsche, Jan, additional, Hartung, Eberhard, additional, Hasler, Mario, additional, Häußermann, Angelika, additional, Heege, Hermann J., additional, Heller, Knut J., additional, Herre, Wolf, additional, Hölzel, Christina, additional, Horn, Rainer, additional, Jung, Christian, additional, Kage, Henning, additional, Knauer, Norbert, additional, Kretschmar, Raymund, additional, Taube, Friedhelm, additional, Thaller, Georg, additional, Krieter, Joachim, additional, Isensee, Edmund, additional, Rave, Gerhard, additional, Rimbach, Gerald, additional, Roweck, Hartmut, additional, Schellhorn, Martin, additional, Schulz, Carsten, additional, Schwarz, Karin, additional, Spielvogel, Sandra, additional, Stamer, Hans, additional, Susenbeth, Andreas, additional, Ulrich, Uta, additional, Verreet, Joseph-Alexander, additional, Waschina, Silvio, additional, Widmoser, Peter, additional, and Wolffram, Siegfried, additional

Published
2021
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32. Dietary Recommendations for Persons with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Author

Skurk, Thomas, Bosy-Westphal, Anja, Grünerbel, Arthur, Kabisch, Stefan, Keuthage, Winfried, Kronsbein, Peter, Müssig, Karsten, Nussbaumer, Helmut, Pfeiffer, Andreas F. H., Simon, Marie-Christine, Tombek, Astrid, Weber, Katharina S., and Rubin, Diana

Subjects
*TYPE 2 diabetes, *DYSLIPIDEMIA, *WEIGHT loss, *GLYCEMIC control, *DIETARY carbohydrates, *MEDICAL care
Abstract

This document is a clinical practice guideline on dietary recommendations for individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The guideline emphasizes the importance of individualized therapy, counseling, and self-management for T2DM patients. It discusses the different types of T2DM and the need for personalized diets based on individual preferences and protein requirements. The guideline recommends weight loss as a goal for individuals with excess weight and highlights the benefits of telehealth applications in supporting behavioral modifications and increasing adherence to weight loss programs. Additionally, it provides strategies for weight reduction and maintenance, emphasizing the need for close follow-up and coordination with patients. The text also discusses the impact of various dietary factors on blood glucose response, specifically focusing on the glycemic index (GI) and dietary fiber. It states that a low GI/GL diet is associated with a reduced risk of type 2 diabetes and improved glycemic control. The text emphasizes the importance of dietary fiber, particularly from whole grain products, in reducing the risk of type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and other diseases. It suggests a target of 30 grams of dietary fiber per day. The text also provides recommendations for specific populations, such as geriatric patients and migrants, and discusses the impact of beverages, particularly sugar-sweetened beverages, on blood glucose control and overall health. It concludes that routine micronutrient supplementation is not recommended for individuals with type 2 diabetes, but vitamin D supplementation may improve insulin resistance in those with established deficiency. The text also explores [Extracted from the article]

Published
2024
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33. From a 'Metabolomics fashion' to a sound application of metabolomics in research on human nutrition

Author

Müller, Manfred J. and Bosy-Westphal, Anja

Subjects
Amino acids in human nutrition -- Technology application -- Research, Amino acids -- Technology application -- Research, Type 2 diabetes -- Research, Technology application, Food/cooking/nutrition, Health
Abstract

Author(s): Manfred J. Müller [sup.1], Anja Bosy-Westphal [sup.1] Author Affiliations: (1) Institute of Human Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Christian-Albrecht-University Kiel, Kiel, Germany The philosopher [...]

Published
2020
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36. Proportion of caloric restriction‐induced weight loss as skeletal muscle.

Author

Heymsfield, Steven B., Yang, Shengping, McCarthy, Cassidy, Brown, Jasmin B., Martin, Corby K., Redman, Leanne M., Ravussin, Eric, Shen, Wei, Müller, Manfred J., and Bosy‐Westphal, Anja

Subjects
WEIGHT loss, SKELETAL muscle, LOW-calorie diet, MAGNETIC resonance imaging, BODY mass index
Abstract

Objective: This study's objective was to develop models predicting the relative reduction in skeletal muscle (SM) mass during periods of voluntary calorie restriction (CR) and to validate model predictions in longitudinally monitored samples. Methods: The model development group included healthy nonexercising adults (n = 897) who had whole‐body SM mass measured with magnetic resonance imaging. Model predictions of relative SM changes with CR were evaluated in two longitudinal studies, one 12 to 14 weeks in duration (n = 74) and the other 12 months in duration (n = 26). Results: A series of SM prediction models were developed in a sample of 415 males and 482 females. Model‐predicted changes in SM mass relative to changes in body weight (i.e., ΔSM/Δbody weight) with a representative model were (mean ± SE) 0.26 ± 0.013 in males and 0.14 ± 0.007 in females (sex difference, p < 0.001). The actual mean proportions of weight loss as SM in the longitudinal studies were 0.23 ± 0.02/0.20 ± 0.06 in males and 0.10 ± 0.02/0.17 ± 0.03 in females, similar to model‐predicted values. Conclusions: Nonelderly males and females with overweight and obesity experience respective reductions in SM mass with voluntary CR in the absence of a structured exercise program of about 2 to 2.5 kg and 1 to 1.5 kg per 10‐kg weight loss, respectively. These estimates are predicted to be influenced by interactions between age and body mass index in males, a hypothesis that needs future testing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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39. Validity and reproducibility of a whole‐room indirect calorimeter for the estimation of VO2, VCO2, and resting metabolic rate

Author

Henriksen, Hege Berg, primary, Henriksen, Christine, additional, de Sousa, Ana Rita Sequeira, additional, Alavi, Dena Treider, additional, Augestad, Elin Maria Sandstad, additional, Rising, Russell, additional, Dörner, Rebecca, additional, Hägele, Franziska Anna, additional, Bosy‐Westphal, Anja, additional, Blomhoff, Rune, additional, Ulven, Stine Marie, additional, and Olsen, Thomas, additional

Published
2023
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43. Body Composition

Author

Müller, Manfred J., primary, Geisler, Corinna, additional, and Bosy-Westphal, Anja, additional

Published
2019
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50. Sarcopenic obesity research perspectives outlined by the sarcopenic obesity global leadership initiative (SOGLI) – Proceedings from the SOGLI consortium meeting in rome November 2022

Author

Gortan Cappellari, Gianluca, primary, Guillet, Christelle, additional, Poggiogalle, Eleonora, additional, Ballesteros Pomar, Maria D., additional, Batsis, John A., additional, Boirie, Yves, additional, Breton, Irene, additional, Frara, Stefano, additional, Genton, Laurence, additional, Gepner, Yftach, additional, Gonzalez, Maria Cristina, additional, Heymsfield, Steven B., additional, Kiesswetter, Eva, additional, Laviano, Alessandro, additional, Prado, Carla M., additional, Santini, Ferruccio, additional, Serlie, Mireille J., additional, Siervo, Mario, additional, Villareal, Dennis T., additional, Volkert, Dorothee, additional, Voortman, Trudy, additional, Weijs, Peter JM., additional, Zamboni, Mauro, additional, Bischoff, Stephan C., additional, Busetto, Luca, additional, Cederholm, Tommy, additional, Barazzoni, Rocco, additional, Donini, Lorenzo M., additional, Bosy-Westphal, Anja, additional, Brunani, Amelia, additional, Capodaglio, Paolo, additional, Coletti, Dario, additional, Ferretti, Elisabetta, additional, Frigerio, Francesco, additional, Giustina, Andrea, additional, Lenzi, Andrea, additional, Marini, Elisabetta, additional, Migliaccio, Silvia, additional, Minnetti, Marianna, additional, Mocini, Edoardo, additional, Moro, Tatiana, additional, Muscaritoli, Maurizio, additional, Noirez, Philippe, additional, Paoli, Antonio, additional, Rondanelli, Mariangela, additional, Rughetti, Auralia, additional, Schoufour, Josje D., additional, Skalska, Anna, additional, Topinkova, Eva, additional, Wakabayashi, Hidekata, additional, and Yu, Jianchun, additional

Published
2023
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