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Introduction: Viral hepatitis is a public health threat that has long been underestimated. This infectious disease is the seventh cause of death in the world and even ahead of HIV in terms of epidemiological prevalence. Objective: highlight the seroprevalence of hepatitis B and C viral infections in patients seen in the medical analysis and pathology laboratory department of the Mali hospital. Method: This is a prospective and retrospective study that took place from July 2021 to August 2022. This study included 1540 samples from eligible patients with HBsAg, Anti HBe IgG Antibody, Anti HBc Antibody, HBe Ag, Antibody Anti HBs and/or anti-HCV antibodies. Results: These different methodologies allowed us to have the results of 1540 samples concerning this study. The female sex was more represented with 62.92% compared to the male sex or 37.08%. The HBSAg was mainly found positive in the male sex with 5.45%. The average age was 38 ± 17 years with extremes ranging from 2 to 92 years. The age group 21-39 years was the most represented with 47.47% and the most affected by the positivity of the HBSAg with 5.65%. 64.03% of our patients were married and also with increasing positivity for HBS Ag and anti-HCV Ac with 5.91% and 0.91% respectively. The seroprevalence of HBV, HCV and HVB/HCV co-infection were 10.06, 0.9% and 0.84% respectively. Conclusion: Hepatitis B remains largely unknown to the general public but also to many medico-social actors. This lack of knowledge represents a major obstacle to prevention and screening. It also has as a corollary the stigmatization of people who are affected, in romantic encounters or at work in particular. A high seroprevalence of HBsAg obtained indicates the spread of hepatitis B in the Malian population.

Introduction: Patients with COVID_19 infection have been shown to have an increased thrombotic risk, due to activation of coagulation secondary to sepsis. Objective: To study biological markers correlated with blood clotting disorders in hospitalized patients with COVID_19. Method: This was a retrospective descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study conducted at the Mali Hospital between September 2020 and January 2021. The markers being biologically monitored were: PT, ACT, INR, D-dimer and Troponin-I. Result: A total of 134 patients were enrolled in our study. Male was in the majority than female with 62.68% male and 37.31% female. The age group from 20 to 50 years was the most represented, at 58.21%. Biological markers showed plasma D-dimer concentration > 0.5 μL, PT ˂ 70, INR > 3; an ACT > 40 seconds and a Troponin > 0.1 μL for 76.11%, 10.44%, 15.67%, 16.41% and 1.49% of the study population respectively. The rate of cured patients was 94.02% and that of deceased patients was 5.97%, with all deceased patients having a high D-dimer level. Conclusion: Blood clotting disorders and elevated D-Dimer are important biomarkers predicting complications of COVID_19 infection.

Metabolomic studies have demonstrated the existence of biological signatures in blood of patients with arterial hypertension, but no study has hitherto reported the sexual dimorphism of these signatures. We compared the plasma metabolomic profiles of 28 individuals (13 women and 15 men) with essential arterial hypertension with those of a healthy control group (18 women and 18 men), using targeted metabolomics. Among the 188 metabolites explored, 152 were accurately measured. Supervised OPLS-DA (orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis) showed good predictive performance for hypertension in both sexes (Q2cum = 0.59 in women and 0.60 in men) with low risk of overfitting (p-value-CV ANOVA = 0.004 in women and men). Seventy-five and 65 discriminant metabolites with a VIP (variable importance for the projection) greater than 1 were evidenced in women and men, respectively. Both sexes showed a considerable increase in phosphatidylcholines, a decrease in C16:0 with an increase in C28:1 lysophosphatidylcholines, an increase in sphingomyelins, as well as an increase of symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA), acetyl-ornithine and hydroxyproline. Twenty-nine metabolites, involved in phospholipidic and cardiac remodeling, arginine/nitric oxide pathway and antihypertensive and insulin resistance mechanisms, discriminated the metabolic sexual dimorphism of hypertension. Our results highlight the importance of sexual dimorphism in arterial hypertension.

Introduction Arterial hypertension is a major public health problem in sub-Saharan Africa due to its high frequency and to the cardiovascular risk that it entails. The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of clinical and biological risk factors of hypertension in Bamako (Mali). Methods We conducted a case-control study, stratified in function of the sex, of 72 participants including 36 patients with hypertension and 36 controls. Twenty-two plasma biochemical parameters have been measured and analyzed using univariate and multivariate tests. Results Hyperhomocysteinemia was found in 55.6% of women (p = 0.03) and 100% of men (p = 0.007) with hypertension. High NT-proBNP was also found in 16.7% of women (VIP > 1 in multivariate model) and of men with hypertension (p = 0.00006). A good multivariate predictive model (OPLS-DA) was only obtained in women with high blood pressure, with Q2cum = 0.73, attesting severe sexual dimorphism associated with arterial hypertension. This model involved eight parameters whose plasma concentration was modified (homocysteine, NT-proBNP, potassium, urea, blood glucose, sodium, chlorine and total proteins). Conclusion We registered a significant association between hyperhomocysteinemia and arterial hypertension. Therefore, the assay of homocysteine associated with good management would decrease the risk of cardiovascular diseases while improving the quality of life of hypertensive patients.

Introduction L'hypertension artérielle est un problème majeur de santé publique en Afrique subsaharienne par sa fréquence élevée et le risque cardiovasculaire qu'elle entraine. L'objectif de cette étude était d'évaluer la prévalence des facteurs de risques cliniques et biologiques de l'hypertension artérielle à Bamako (Mali). Méthodes Il s'agit d'une étude cas-témoin, stratifiée en fonction du sexe, portant sur 72 participants dont 36 hypertendus et 36 contrôles. Vingt-deux paramètres biochimiques plasmatiques ont été mesurés et analysés par des tests univariés et multivariés. Résultats Une hyperhomocystéinémie a été retrouvée chez 55,6% des femmes (p = 0,03) et 100% des hommes (p = 0,007) hypertendus. Le N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-Pro-BNP) était également augmenté chez 16,7% des femmes (VIP > 1 dans le modèle multivarié) et des hommes hypertendus (p = 0,00006). Un bon modèle multivarié prédictif (OPLS-DA) a uniquement été obtenu chez les femmes hypertendues, avec un Q2cum = 0,73, attestant ainsi d'un important dimorphisme sexuel associé à l'hypertension artérielle. Ce modèle impliquait huit paramètres dont la concentration plasmatique était modifiée (homocystéine, NT-Pro-BNP, potassium, urée, glycémie, sodium, chlore et protéines totales). Conclusion Nous avons noté une association significative entre l'hyperhomocystéinémie et l'hypertension artérielle. Par conséquent, le dosage de l'homocystéine associé à une bonne prise en charge diminuerait le risque cardiovasculaire tout en améliorant la qualité de vie des patients hypertendus.