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3. Characterization of Fault Roughness at Various Scales: Implications of Three-Dimensional High Resolution Topography Measurements

Author

Candela, Thibault, Renard, François, Bouchon, Michel, Marsan, David, Schmittbuhl, Jean, and Voisin, Christophe

Subjects
Physics - Geophysics
Abstract

Accurate description of the topography of active faults surfaces represents an important geophysical issue because this topography is strongly related to the stress distribution along fault planes, and therefore to processes implicated in earthquake nucleation, propagation, and arrest. With the recent development of Light Detection And Ranging (LIDAR) apparatus, it is now possible to measure accurately the 3D topography of rough surfaces with a comparable resolution in all directions, both at field and laboratory scales. In the present study, we have investigated the scaling properties including possible anisotropy properties of several outcrops of two natural fault surfaces (Vuache strike-slip fault, France, and Magnola normal fault, Italy) in limestones.

Published
2008
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5. Observation of rapid long-range seismic bursts in the Japan Trench subduction leading to the nucleation of the Tohoku earthquake

Author

Bouchon, Michel, primary, Socquet, Anne, additional, Marsan, David, additional, Guillot, Stéphane, additional, Durand, Virginie, additional, Gardonio, Blandine, additional, Campillo, Michel, additional, Perfettini, Hugo, additional, Schmittbuhl, Jean, additional, Renard, François, additional, and Boullier, Anne-Marie, additional

Published
2022
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10. Additional file 1 of Synchronization of small-scale seismic clusters reveals large-scale plate deformation

Author

Karabulut, Hayrullah, Bouchon, Michel, and Schmittbuhl, Jean

Abstract

Additional file 1: Text S1. Normalized cumulative distributions of the magnitude and 9 magnitude completeness of each seismic cluster. Text S2. Cumulative Seismicity. Text S3. Seismicity Rates. Text S4. Singular Value Decomposition. Figure S1. Normalized cumulative distributions of the magnitude of earthquakes 75 for each cluster using the same color coding as in Fig.2. Magnitude completeness 76 of the clusters for 4 different time windows a) 2003 – 2008 (Mc=2.9) b) 2003 – 77 2017 (Mc=2.7) c) 2004 – 2006 (Mc=2.9) d) 2007-2017 (Mc=2.7). Figure S2. Gaussian smoothing function. Figure S3. Processing steps for the seismicity time series. (a) Cumulative 88 number of earthquakes (blue) and daily seismic activity (red) for the Simav 89 cluster (b) after declustering. All plots are normalized by their maximum values. 90 The daily seismic activity is smoothed using the Gaussian function of Figure S2. Figure S4. Singular values of the matrix constructed from daily seismicity time series of the clusters. They are normalized by the first singular value. Figure S5-1. Top: Cumulative seismicity time series of 27 clusters. Bottom: Reconstructed daily seismicity rates using only the first singular value. Figure S5-2. Top: Cumulative seismicity time series of 27 clusters. Bottom: Reconstructed daily seismicity rates using only 3 largest singular values. Figure S6. Top : a) Cumulative seismicity time series of 27 clusters. Bottom: b) Reconstructed time series after removing largest 12 singular values. Figure S7. Comparison of the cumulative seismicity of 27 clusters and the seismicity rates from 2006 to 2017 using a) Kandilli Observatory and earthquake Research Institute (KOERI) ( https://koeri.boun.edu.tr/ ) b) Disaster and Emergency Management Authority of Turkey (AFAD) ( https://deprem.afad.gov.tr/ ) and c) International Seismological Center (ISC) ( http://www.isc.ac.uk/ ) catalogs. Figure S8. Top: The locations of the seismic stations of which the continuous recordings are displayed in the following figures. Middle: 24 hour recordings of NS components of 5 seismic stations (red) and filtered with 1-9Hz bandpass filter (blue). Notice the occurrence of several moderate seismic events at the selected stations in addition to smaller events. Bottom: 6 days long NS component recording of DALT station (red) and filtered with 1-9Hz bandpass filter (blue). Beneath is the spectrogram of the seismic trace. The traces are normalized by maximum values and saturated for small-magnitude events. The seismic activity is not confined to the passage of seismic waves due to Sumatra earthquake. Figure S9. Cumulative number of events of selected clusters in central and eastern Anatolia for the time period of 2004 Sumatra Mw9.2 earthquake (see Figure 1 for the locations of the clusters). Figure S10. Cumulative number of events of selected clusters in the western Anatolia for time period of Hellenic subduction earthquakes (see Figure 1 for the locations of the western clusters). Figure S11. The diagram shows cumulative seismicity of 27 clusters (a) and the seismicity rate color coded for all clusters as in Figure 2 but from 1998 to 2017 (b). The occurrence times of giant earthquakes worldwide and of large regional earthquakes are shown. The color scale is shown on the lower right corner. Figure S12. Cumulative number of earthquakes in Anatolia between 36.80N-41.00N latitudes and 25.5E-44.0E longitudes (includes all clusters in Figure 1) for varying lower magnitude cut-offs between 2.8 (‘ml28’ blue curve) and 5.8 (‘ml58’ red curve). The displayed time period is starting 4 years after the 1999 Izmit earthquake and ending with the occurrence of 2011 Van earthquake. The red curve (5.8 magnitude threshold) is showing a sharp increase during the 2004 episode and a plateau during the 2008 episode. On the contrary, the blue curve (2.8 magnitude threshold) exhibits a similar increase between both periods. Figure S13. Broadband N-S component recordings of 2004 Sumatra earthquake at seismic stations shown on top of the traces. The traces are normalized by maximum values (see the map in Figure A8 for station locations.). The period of large amplitude S wave exceeds 100sec. Figure S14. Evolution of the cumulative number of events of the clusters in the two easternmost clusters of Anatolia (see Figure 1 for the locations of the clusters).

Published
2022
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11. Campagne post-sismique GNSS dans la zone épicentrale du Teil : premiers enseignements

Author

Chlieh, Mohamed, Hannouz, Estelle, Métois, Marianne, Sue, Christian, Walpersdorf, Andrea, Bouchon, Michel, Mousavi, Zahra, Pondaven, Ildut, Villegas Lanza, Juan Carlos, Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement (LGL-TPE), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut des Sciences de la Terre (ISTerre), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Gustave Eiffel-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), and SGF, CNRS, Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon ou l’étude de la Terre, des planètes et de l’environnement

Subjects
GNSS, sismique, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], géodésie, Le Teil, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, post
Abstract

International audience

Published
2021

25. Do plates begin to slip before some large earthquakes?

Author

Bouchon, Michel, D., Karabulut, H. Aktar, M., Durand, V., Schmittbuhl, J., Institut des Sciences de la Terre (ISTerre), and Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])

Subjects
[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-GEO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph]
Abstract

International audience; Many earthquakes are preceded by foreshocks. However, the mechanisms that generate foreshocks and the reason why they occur before some earthquakes and not others are still poorly understood. We investigate here the evolution of seismic activity before 65 large earthquakes which have occurred in well instrumented areas. We show that most of the earthquakes occurring along the plate interfaces are preceded by foreshocks. Intraplate earthquakes which result from the internal deformation of the plates are less prone to foreshocks. This difference supports that slow slip of the plate interface precedes many large interplate earthquakes. Within this group a large difference exists in the spatial distribution of foreshocks: While foreshocks to transform fault earthquakes tend to localize close to the future hypocenter, those preceding subduction earthquakes are often spread over a broad area of the plate interface, suggesting that these earthquakes are preceded by the slow slip of a large patch of the subduction interface.

Published
2019

28. Une expérience multi-antennes à Annot pour l'analyse des effets de site en sismologie: A multi-array experiment in Annot for site effect analysis

Author

Larroque, Christophe, Gaffet, Stéphane, Cornou, Cécile, Schissele, Estelle, Bertrand, Étienne, Béthoux, Nicole, Bouchon, Micheĺ, Corrazzi, Mathieu, Courboulex, Françoise, Deschamps, Anne, Duval, Anne-Marie, Maron, Christophe, Glot, Jean-Paul, Janod, François, Guiguet, Robert, Vidaĺ, Sylvain, and Virieux, Jean

Published
1999
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31. Changes in seismicity and stress loading on subduction faults in the Kanto region, Japan, 2011–2014

Author

Gardonio, Blandine, Marsan, David, Lengliné, Olivier, Enescu, Bogdan, Bouchon, Michel, Got, Jean-Luc, Mécanique des failles, Institut des Sciences de la Terre (ISTerre), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-PRES Université de Grenoble-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-PRES Université de Grenoble-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Sismologie (IPGS) (IPGS-Sismologie), Institut de physique du globe de Strasbourg (IPGS), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Earth Evolution Sciences Department [Tsukuba], Université de Tsukuba = University of Tsukuba, Géophysique des volcans & géothermie, and Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[SDU.STU.GP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph], Kanto earthquakes
Abstract

International audience; Seismic activity has increased in the Kanto region, Japan, following the 2011 M9.0 Tohoku earthquake. We here reassess this increase up to June 2014, to show that normal, Omori-like relaxation characterizes the activity on crustal faults as well as on the Philippine Sea plate, but not on the deeper Pacific plate. There repeating earthquakes display a twofold rate of occurrence (still ongoing in June 2014) as compared to the pre-Tohoku rate, suggesting enhanced creep. We compute the Coulomb stress changes on the upper locked portion of the Philippine Sea plate, which last ruptured in 1923. We find that this fault was little affected by either the coseismic, the postseismic, the accelerated creep, or the 2011 Boso silent slip event.

Published
2015

33. Link between Coulomb stress changes and seismic activation in the eastern Marmara sea after the 1999, Izmit (Turkey), earthquake

Author

Durand, Virginie, Bouchon, Michel, Karabulut, Hayrullah, Marsan, David, Schmittbuhl, Jean, Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPGP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-IPG PARIS-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Mécanique des failles, Institut des Sciences de la Terre (ISTerre), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-PRES Université de Grenoble-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-PRES Université de Grenoble-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Kandilli Observatory and Earthquake Research Institute (KOERI), Boğaziçi University [Istanbul], Institut de physique du globe de Strasbourg (IPGS), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ecole et Observatoire des Sciences de la Terre (EOST), Sismologie (IPGS) (IPGS-Sismologie), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Boǧaziçi üniversitesi = Boğaziçi University [Istanbul], Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPG Paris)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-PRES Université de Grenoble-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-PRES Université de Grenoble-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-IPG PARIS-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), and Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-PRES Université de Grenoble-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-PRES Université de Grenoble-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)

Subjects
triggering, [SDU.STU.GP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph], static stress, dynamic stress, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-GEO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph], seismicity, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Marmara Sea
Abstract

International audience; We investigate the effect of dynamic and static stress changes produced by the 1999 Izmit earthquake, on four preexisting seismic clusters located in the eastern Marmara sea, beyond the western termination of the earthquake rupture. These four clusters show long-lasting modifications in their seismicity rate. We observe that these seismic activity variations are related to stress changes. Dynamic stress pulses activate strike-slip faulting instantaneously, but in the absence of a concomitant static Coulomb stress increase, this activation is short lived. Indeed, a large dynamic stress combined with a negative static Coulomb stress may result in an immediate activation followed by the occurrence of a seismicity shadow. In contrast, the activation of extensional clusters begins slowly and takes a few days to fully develop. It is also remarkably long lasting and does not follow a classical Omori decay. More than 10 years after the earthquake, the extensional clusters located near the termination of the rupture, where static stress and pressure changes were high, are still activated.

Published
2013

35. Fault slip distribution and fault roughness

Author

Candela, Thibault, Renard, Francois, Schmittbuhl, Jean, Bouchon, Michel, Brodsky, Emily E., Mécanique des failles, Institut des Sciences de la Terre (ISTerre), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-PRES Université de Grenoble-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-PRES Université de Grenoble-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Sismologie (IPGS) (IPGS-Sismologie), Institut de physique du globe de Strasbourg (IPGS), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences [Santa Cruz], University of California [Santa Cruz] (UCSC), University of California-University of California, University of California [Santa Cruz] (UC Santa Cruz), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), and Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-PRES Université de Grenoble-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-PRES Université de Grenoble-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)

Subjects
Dynamics and mechanics of faulting, Friction, [SDU.STU.GM]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geomorphology, Fourier analysis, Physics::Geophysics
Abstract

International audience; We present analysis of the spatial correlations of seismological slip maps and fault topography roughness, illuminating their identical self-affine exponent. Though the complexity of the coseismic spatial slip distribution can be intuitively associated with geometrical or stress heterogeneities along the fault surface, this has never been demonstrated. Based on new measurements of fault surface topography and on statistical analyses of kinematic inversions of slip maps, we propose a model, which quantitatively characterizes the link between slip distribution and fault surface roughness. Our approach can be divided into two complementary steps: (i) Using a numerical computation, we estimate the influence of fault roughness on the frictional strength (pre-stress). We model a fault as a rough interface where elastic asperities are squeezed. The Hurst exponent inline image, characterizing the self-affinity of the frictional strength field, approaches inline image, where inline image is the roughness exponent of the fault surface in the direction of slip. (ii) Using a quasi-static model of fault propagation, which includes the effect of long-range elastic interactions and spatial correlations in the frictional strength, the spatial slip correlation is observed to scale as inline image, where inline image represents the Hurst exponent of the slip distribution. Under the assumption that the origin of the spatial fluctuations in frictional strength along faults is the elastic squeeze of fault asperities, we show that self-affine geometrical properties of fault surface roughness control slip correlations and that inline image. Given that inline image for a wide range of faults (various accumulated displacement, host rock and slip movement), we predict that inline image. Even if our quasi-static fault model is more relevant for creeping faults, the spatial slip correlations observed are consistent with those of seismological slip maps. A consequence is that the self-affinity property of slip roughness may be explained by fault geometry without considering dynamical effects produced during an earthquake.

Published
2011

36. Extended Nucleation Of The 1999 M-W 7.6 Izmit Earthquake

Author

Bouchon, Michel, Karabulut, Hayrullah, Aktar, Mustafa, Ozalaybey, Serdar, Schmittbuhl, Jean, and Bouin, Marie-Paule

Abstract

Laboratory and theoretical studies suggest that earthquakes are preceded by a phase of developing slip instability in which the fault slips slowly before accelerating to dynamic rupture. We report here that one of the best-recorded large earthquakes to date, the 1999 moment magnitude (M-w) 7.6 Izmit (Turkey) earthquake, was preceded by a seismic signal of long duration that originated from the hypocenter. The signal consisted of a succession of repetitive seismic bursts, accelerating with time, and increased low-frequency seismic noise. These observations show that the earthquake was preceded for 44 minutes by a phase of slow slip occurring at the base of the brittle crust. This slip accelerated slowly initially, and then rapidly accelerated in the 2 minutes preceding the earthquake.

Published
2011

40. Complete Coulomb failure stress changes and stress triggering of Yunnan Longlingearthquake sequence

Author

Wu, X. P., Fu, H., Bouchon, Michel, Hu, J. F., Hu, Y. L., Huang, Yue, Hu, X. L., Xie, C. D., Department of Geophysics of Yunnan University, Yunnan University, Earthquake Administration of Yunnan Province, Laboratoire de Géophysique Interne et Tectonophysique (LGIT), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Laboratoire Central des Ponts et Chaussées (LCPC)-Institut des Sciences de la Terre (ISTerre), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-PRES Université de Grenoble-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-PRES Université de Grenoble-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire Central des Ponts et Chaussées (LCPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Talour, Pascale

Subjects
Dynamic and static stress triggering, Earthquakes in Yunnan, Complete Coulomb failure stress changes, Physics::Geophysics
Abstract

International audience; The complete Coulomb failure stress changes caused by the 1976 Ms73, Ms74 Yunnan Longling double main earthquakes are calculated. And dynamic and static stress triggering effects on the after earthquake sequence are studied. The results show that the second main earthquake is subjected to the triggering effect of dynamic and static Coulomb stresses induced by the first main earthquake. Among the thirteen strong aftershocks of the double main earthquakes, 90% of the aftershocks occurred inside the triangle block are subjected to the triggering effect of dynamic and static Coulomb stresses induced by the first or the second main earthquakes. And 2/3 of the aftershocks occurred outside the triangle block are subjected to the triggering effect of dynamic and static Coulomb stresses induced by the second main earthquakes. The dynamic and static stresses triggering effects of the second main earthquake are stronger than the first main earthquake both in intensity and in extent. In near field the numbers of aftershocks triggered by dynamic and static Coulomb stress are about equal. However the range of triggering effect of dynamic Coulomb stress is larger than that of static Coulomb stress.

Published
2007

41. Perturbation of the Izmit decaying activity following the 1999 Mw 7.2 Düzce, Turkey earthquake

Author

Daniel, Guillaume, Marsan, David, Bouchon, Michel, Laboratoire de Géophysique Interne et Tectonophysique (LGIT), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Laboratoire Central des Ponts et Chaussées (LCPC)-Institut des Sciences de la Terre (ISTerre), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-PRES Université de Grenoble-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-PRES Université de Grenoble-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - UFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), ANR-05-CATT-0007,MODALSIS,MODALSIS : Modalisation de l'aléa sismique autour d'Istambul(2005), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire Central des Ponts et Chaussées (LCPC), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Laboratoire de Géophysique Interne et Tectonophysique ( LGIT ), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble ( OSUG ), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Grenoble Alpes ( UGA ) -Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Grenoble Alpes ( UGA ) -Laboratoire Central des Ponts et Chaussées ( LCPC ) -Institut des Sciences de la Terre ( ISTerre ), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF ) -Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux ( IFSTTAR ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-PRES Université de Grenoble-Université Savoie Mont Blanc ( USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry] ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Grenoble Alpes ( UGA ) -Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux ( IFSTTAR ) -Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-PRES Université de Grenoble-Université Savoie Mont Blanc ( USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry] ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement ( LCE ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), and ANR-05-CATT-0007,MODALSIS,MODALSIS : Modalisation de l'aléa sismique autour d'Istambul ( 2005 )

Subjects
[ SDU.STU.GP ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph], [ SDE.MCG ] Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, [ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-GEO-PH ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph], [SDU.STU.GP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph], [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-GEO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph]
Abstract

International audience; Triggering and quiescence patterns of seismicity in western Turkey, following the occurrence of the 12 November 1999 Mw 7.2 Du¨zce earthquake are investigated. The changes in seismicity rate are analyzed along the North Anatolian Fault segments that had ruptured 3 months earlier during the 17 August 1999 Mw 7.4 Izmit earthquake. Detection of triggering and quiescence is done by comparing the seismicity rate that would be expected if the Du¨zce earthquake had not happened to the actual observed rate. The expected rates are estimated by extrapolating the preexisting seismicity pattern, using two complementary models: a simple Omori-Utsu's law and the ETAS model. Fault segments located to the east of the Izmit epicenter show a mild case of quiescence following the Du¨zce earthquake. These segments had previously experienced an anomalous triggering episode in the 5 days preceding the Du¨zce earthquake, correlated with the occurrence of two strong (Mw 5) Izmit aftershocks. However, it is not clear whether this observed quiescence is real or spurious, as it coincides with a local reconfiguration of the seismological network: a temporary increase of 0.1 to 0.15 in completeness magnitude would be enough to explain this apparent deactivation. Fault segments located to the west of the Izmit epicenter exhibit triggering of seismicity following the Du¨zce earthquake. This observed triggering is mostly restricted to a cluster of events located in the geothermal area of Yalova. The increase of seismicity rate is delayed by 18 hours after the waves travelling from the Du¨zce rupture had hit this zone. Our analysis suggests that this 15-day-long reactivation can be explained by a short-lived perturbation, the local seismic activity then sustaining itself for the remaining 15 days. We argue that this particular behavior is likely to correspond to a case of dynamic triggering. By the end of year 1999, the Yalova cluster shows a significant quiescence that lasted for several months; this shutting down does not coincide with the occurrence of any local earthquake that would be large enough to stress shadow this area, suggesting an aseismic cause to this pattern. These results highlight the fact that (1) seismicity triggered by a major earthquake is not restricted to areas loaded by static stress and (2) that seismic activity associated with geothermal geological settings is highly sensitive to stress perturbations, but also to aseismic processes, that can both delay reactivation and cause this activity to suddenly decrease.

Published
2006

42. Perturbation of the Izmit earthquake aftershock decaying activity following the 1999 Mw 7.2 Düzce, Turkey, earthquake

Author

Daniel, Guillaume, Marsan, David, Bouchon, Michel, Laboratoire de Géophysique Interne et Tectonophysique (LGIT), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Laboratoire Central des Ponts et Chaussées (LCPC)-Institut des Sciences de la Terre (ISTerre), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-PRES Université de Grenoble-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-PRES Université de Grenoble-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire Central des Ponts et Chaussées (LCPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut des Sciences de la Terre [2011-2015] (ISTerre [2011-2015]), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-PRES Université de Grenoble-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-PRES Université de Grenoble-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire Central des Ponts et Chaussées (LCPC)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble [1985-2015] (OSUG [1985-2015]), and Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology [2007-2019] (Grenoble INP [2007-2019])-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology [2007-2019] (Grenoble INP [2007-2019])-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
1999 Izmit-Dücze sequence, North Anatolian Fault, [SDU.STU.GP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph], seismicity variations
Abstract

International audience; Triggering and quiescence patterns of seismicity in western Turkey, following the occurrence of the 12 November 1999 M w 7.2 Düzce earthquake are investigated. The changes in seismicity rate are analyzed along the North Anatolian Fault segments that had ruptured 3 months earlier during the 17 August 1999 M w 7.4 Izmit earthquake. Detection of triggering and quiescence is done by comparing the seismicity rate that would be expected if the Düzce earthquake had not happened to the actual observed rate. The expected rates are estimated by extrapolating the preexisting seismicity pattern, using two complementary models: a simple Omori-Utsu's law and the ETAS model. Fault segments located to the east of the Izmit epicenter show a mild case of quiescence following the Düzce earthquake. These segments had previously experienced an anomalous triggering episode in the 5 days preceding the Düzce earthquake, correlated with the occurrence of two strong (M w ≥ 5) Izmit aftershocks. However, it is not clear whether this observed quiescence is real or spurious, as it coincides with a local reconfiguration of the seismological network: a temporary increase of 0.1 to 0.15 in completeness magnitude would be enough to explain this apparent deactivation. Fault segments located to the west of the Izmit epicenter exhibit triggering of seismicity following the Düzce earthquake. This observed triggering is mostly restricted to a cluster of events located in the geothermal area of Yalova. The increase of seismicity rate is delayed by 18 hours after the waves travelling from the Düzce rupture had hit this zone. Our analysis suggests that this 15-day-long reactivation can be explained by a short-lived perturbation, the local seismic activity then sustaining itself for the remaining 15 days. We argue that this particular behavior is likely to correspond to a case of dynamic triggering. By the end of year 1999, the Yalova cluster shows a significant quiescence that lasted for several months; this shutting down does not coincide with the occurrence of any local earthquake that would be large enough to stress shadow this area, suggesting an aseismic cause to this pattern. These results highlight the fact that (1) seismicity triggered by a major earthquake is not restricted to areas loaded by static stress and (2) that seismic activity associated with geothermal geological settings is highly sensitive to stress perturbations, but also to aseismic processes, that can both delay reactivation and cause this activity to suddenly decrease.

Published
2006

47. Faulting characteristics of supershear earthquakes

Author

Bouchon, Michel, primary, Karabulut, Hayrullah, additional, Bouin, Marie-Paule, additional, Schmittbuhl, Jean, additional, Vallée, Martin, additional, Archuleta, Ralph, additional, Das, Shamita, additional, Renard, François, additional, and Marsan, David, additional

Published
2010
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