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Résumé: Objectifs. Résumer la littérature relative aux rôles du pharmacien en dermatologie-allergologie, présenter un profil succinct de ces deux secteurs et développer une offre de soins pharmaceutiques cohérente en dermatologie-allergologie au Centre hospitalier universitaire (CHU) Sainte-Justine. Méthodes. Il s'agit d'une étude descriptive constituée d'une revue de littérature des articles portant sur le rôle du pharmacien en dermatologie-allergologie, d'une description sommaire des secteurs de la dermatologie et de l'allergologie, ainsi que de la mise à jour de l'offre de soins pharmaceutiques dans ces secteurs. Résultats. Un total de 35 articles (16 en dermatologie et 19 en allergologie) ont été inclus dans la revue de littérature. La majorité de ces articles était de faible qualité et décrivait les activités pharmaceutiques sans en mesurer l'impact. Les activités pharmaceutiques principalement rapportées par la littérature étaient la réalisation de conseils aux patients (articles de dermatologie) et la documentation des interventions effectuées (articles d'allergologie). En 2017-2018, les secteurs de la dermatologie et de l'allergologie ont effectué environ 14 000 et 5 000 consultations médicales de façon respective. L'offre de soins pharmaceutiques a été mise à jour en fonction de 21 activités pharmaceutiques, permettant d'identifier la pertinence d'un pharmacien répondant en dermatologie-allergologie. Conclusion. Il existe peu de données sur les rôles et les retombées de l'activité pharmaceutique en dermatologie-allergologie. Cet article présente une démarche originale incluant une revue de littérature (35 articles), un profil succinct des secteurs et une réflexion entourant les activités pharmaceutiques d'un pharmacien répondant en dermatologie-allergologie au sein d'un centre hospitalier universitaire mère-enfant. Objectives. Summarize the literature on the pharmacist's role in dermatology-allergology, present a brief description of these two sectors and develop a pharmaceutical care offer in dermatology-allergology in a mother-child teaching hospital center. Methods. This article is a descriptive study consisting of a literature review on the pharmacist's role in dermatology-allergology, a brief description of the dermatology and allergology sectors and an optimization of the pharmaceutical care in these sectors. Results. A total of 35 articles (16 in dermatology and 19 in allergology) were included in the literature review. The majority of these articles were of poor quality and described the pharmaceutical activities without measuring their impact. The pharmaceutical activities mainly reported in the literature were the advices to patients (dermatology articles) and the documentation of the pharmaceutical interventions (allergy articles). In 2017-2018, the dermatology and allergology sectors performed approximately 14,000 and 5,000 medical consultations respectively. The pharmaceutical care offer has been updated, allowing us to identify the relevance of a responding pharmacist in dermatology-allergology. Conclusion. There is few data on the roles and outcomes of the dermatology-allergology pharmaceutical activities. This article presents an original approach including a literature review (35 articles), a brief profile of the sectors and a reflection on the pharmaceutical activities of a dermatology-allergology pharmacist in a mother-child teaching hospital center. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Failure mode, effects, and criticality analysis (FMECA) is a systematic and proactive risk analysis method to determine major failures in complex processes., Objective: To identify all articles involving the use of failure mode and effects analysis (FMEA), FMECA, or FMECA in health care within the medication use system., Data Sources Study Selection and Data Extraction: The MEDLINE database was searched, for the period January 1990 to January 2017. The search included studies using the FMECA method, in part or in full, and dealing with one or several components of the medication use system. The reference lists of articles identified in the initial search were checked manually for additional pertinent references., Data Synthesis: The researchers identified 171 articles, and retained 39 for analysis: 32 describing use of the FMEA or FMECA approach and 7 describing use of the FMECA in health care approach. They identified between 4 to 378 failure modes, according to the published studies. Among the 39 articles, 10 reported a pre- and post-implementation analysis of corrective measures. In 4 of those 10 articles, the analysis was conducted on a theoretical basis, that is, before the corrective measures were actually implemented. Using the articles retained for analysis, a summary table was developed with the following elements: publication year, main author, country, primary objective, secondary objectives, descriptions of both method and results, and comments. The summary table gave the opportunity to comment on the use of the FMECA-type analysis within the medication use system., Conclusions: This literature review included 39 published articles using an FMEA, FMECA, or FMECA in health care approach within the medication use system. Most studies used either the FMEA or the FMECA approach, whereas the FMECA in health care approach was used only rarely. Only a minority of studies assessed the effects of corrective measures that were implemented. This overall approach allows for mapping of a care process, determination of failure modes, and prioritization of corrective measures. Its use for the assessment of the medication use system should be promoted.