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The objective of this study was to investigate the protective effects of pomegranate (Punica granatum) juice (PGJ) on oxidative damages in liver tissue and erythrocytes of rats intoxicated by sodium fluoride (NaF). Rats were randomly divided into two groups: group I received standard diet and group II received orally 1 mL of PGJ. After 5 weeks of pretreatment, each group was divided again into two subgroups and treated for another 3 weeks as follows: group I was subdivided into a control group and a group that was treated with 100 ppm of NaF (in drinking water); group II was subdivided into one group that was treated daily with both 100 ppm NaF and PGJ (1 mL orally) and one that received daily 1 mL of pomegranate juice. Exposure to NaF decreased hematological parameters, changed the total protein, albumin, bilirubin levels, and increased the activities of hepatic marker enzymes. We also noted an increase in lipid peroxidation contents, accompanied by a decrease of reduced glutathione levels. Antioxidant enzyme activities in both tissues were modified in the NaF group compared with the control group. However, the administration of PGJ juice caused an amelioration of the previous parameters. Our results indicated the potential effects of NaF to induce oxidative damage in tissues and the ability of PGJ to attenuate NaF-induced oxidative injury. Key words: erythrocytes, liver, Punica granatum, sodium fluoride, oxidative stress, rats. Nous avions comme objectif d'etudier les effets protecteurs du jus de Punica granatum (JPG) dans un modele de lesions oxydatives induites par le fluorure de sodium (NaF) dans le tissu hepatique et les erythrocytes chez le rat. Nous avons reparti aleatoirement les rats dans deux groupes: le groupe I recevait un regime alimentaire standard et le groupe II, 1mL de JPG par voie orale. Apres 5 semaines de pretraitement, nous avons subdivise les groupes de la maniere suivante: groupe I: un groupe temoin et un groupe expose a 100 ppm de NaF dans l'eau a boire; groupe II: un groupe expose quotidiennement a 100 ppm de NaF et recevant 1 mL de JGP par voie orale et un groupe recevant 1 mL de JPG quotidiennement. L'exposition au NaF a entraine une degradation des parametres hematologiques, une variation des taux de proteines totales, d'albumine et de bilirubine ainsi qu'une diminution de l'activite des marqueurs enzymatiques hepatiques. Nous avons aussi note une hausse des taux de peroxydation lipidique s'accompagnant d'une diminution des taux de glutathion. Par ailleurs, l'activite des enzymes antioxydants n'etait pas la meme chez les rats du groupe NaF que dans le groupe temoin, et ce, dans les deux tissus. Cependant, l'administration de JPG a entraine une amelioration sur le plan des parametres precedents. Nos resultats donnent a penser que l'administration de NaF entrainerait des lesions oxydatives tissulaires que le JPG permettrait d'attenuer. [Traduit par la Redaction] Mots-cles: erythrocytes, foie, Punica granatum, fluorure de sodium, stress oxydatif, rats., Introduction The toxicity of inorganic fluoride was largely ignored because of its good reputation for preventing caries via topical application and in dental toothpastes. However, in the last years, interest [...]

This study is an attempt to characterize the chemical composition and antioxidant activity of olive leaves variety (namely Bouricha variety) that is very widespread in the East of Algeria. The aqueous extract (AE) of leaves was initially analyzed for its phenolic profile. Using the liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry analysis, it was possible to identify the predominant components in the AE of the leaves. This extract was hydrolyzed with acid and gave hydroxytyrosol (HT). AE and HT were evaluated for their 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging capacity, ferric reducing antioxidant power and total antioxidant activity by phosphomolybdenum method. The antioxidant and anti-asthmatic activities of these extracts were examined in a model of experimental asthma in Wistar rats. For measuring the intensity of the airway inflammation, oxidative stress parameters were analyzed in lungs and a histological study of this tissue was performed. The obtained results showed that the sensitization of the ovalbumin (OVA) group induced lung inflammation and severe lipid peroxidation (LPO) revealed by a significant increase in malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and a decrease in the non-enzymatic and enzymatic antioxidant systems. However, the administration of AE and HT extracts significantly improved the antioxidant state in asthma disease and provided evidence for the relation between phenolic compounds and the high antioxidant activity of olive leaves extracts, especially HT more than AE. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential protective effect of Atriplex halimus aqueous leaves extract (AHAE) against acute carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced oxidative stress in rats. Rats were randomly divided into four groups: group (C) served as a control treated with 1 ml/(kg bw) of olive oil, and group (CCl4) was treated with 1 ml CCl4/(kg bw) dissolved in olive oil administered by intraperitoneal way. Rats of group (CCl4+AHAE) have received CCl4 and treated with 200 mg AHAE/(kg bw). Animals of group (AHAE) were treated with 200 mg/(kg bw) of AHAE. A significant increase in malondialdehyde levels in liver associated with a decrease in antioxidant enzyme activities and reduced glutathione content was observed in CCl4 group compared to controls. The administration of AHAE to CCl4+AHAE group improved all parameters studied. We conclude that CCl4 induces oxidative stress and modifies biochemical parameters and histological aspects of liver. Administration of AHAE alleviates the toxicity induced by this organic compound. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chronic hyperglycemia and excess reactive oxygen species overproduced in diabetes were associated with oxidative stress, led to continuous injury and functions damage to different organs: eyes, kidneys, neural and cardiovascular system. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the protective effect of Artemisia herba alba (AHA) leaf powder against alloxane-induced oxidative damage in diabetic rats. Rats were randomly divided into four groups: Group I controls received saline solution 9%; Group II was treated with 150 mg alloxane/(kg body weight) administered by intraperitoneal. Rats of Group III have received saline solution and treated with 400 mg AHA/(kg body weight). Animals of Group IV were treated with alloxane and AHA. Alloxane exposure led to increased blood glucose, total cholesterol, triglycerides, malondialdehyde, and a decrease in the antioxidants enzymes activities (catalase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione-S-transferase). Administration of AHA aqueous extract ameliorated these parameters. These results demonstrate that AHA ameliorates hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia and oxidative damage in alloxan-induced diabetes in rats. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Context:Pistacia lentiscusL. (Anacardiaceae) is an evergreen shrub widely distributed throughout the Mediterranean region.Pistacia lentiscusoil (PLo) was particularly known in North African traditional medicine. Thus, people of these regions have used it externally to treat sore throats, burns and wounds, as well as they employed it internally for respiratory allergies. PLo is rich in essential fatty acids, vitamin E and polyphenols. As a very active site of metabolism, liver is reported to be susceptible to arsenic (As) intoxication. Objective: The present study evaluates the protective effect of PLo against sodium arsenite-induced hepatic dysfunction and oxidative stress in experimental Wistar rats. Materials and methods: Twenty-eight rats were equally divided into four groups; the first served as a control, the remaining groups were respectively treated with PLo (3.3 mL/kg body weight), sodium arsenite (5.55 mg/kg body weight) and a combination of sodium arsenite and PLo. After 21 consecutive days, cellular functions were evaluated by hematological, biochemical and oxidative stress markers. Results: A significant decrease in the levels of red blood cells, haemoglobin (p ≤ 0.001), hematocrit (p ≤ 0.001), reduced glutathione and metallothionein (p ≤ 0.05) associated with a significant increase of malondialdehyde (p ≤ 0.001) were noticed in the arsenic-exposed group when compared to the control. The As-treated group also exhibited an increase in hepatic antioxidant enzymes namely superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase (p ≤ 0.01) and catalase (p ≤ 0.05). However, the co-administration of PLo has relatively reduced arsenic effect. Conclusion: The results showed that arsenic intoxication disturbed the liver pro-oxidant/antioxidant status. PLo co-administration mitigates arsenic-induced oxidative damage in rat. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]