Search

We study the consequences for top-quark physics of having electron and positron beams available at the LHeC and FCC-he, as was the case in HERA. We show that the asymmetry between top production in $pe^+$ collisions and antitop production in $pe^-$ reactions is sensitive to $|V_{td}|$. By means of detailed parton-level Monte Carlo simulations of single $t$ and $\bar{t}$ production and its backgrounds, we parametrize the asymmetry dependence on $|V_{td}|$ and estimate its uncertainties. We thus obtain limits on $|V_{td}|$ that are substantially stronger than current ones, and also smaller than current projections for the HL-LHC. We have $|V_{td}| < 1.6\times |V_{td}^\mathrm{PDG}|$ at the LHeC, at 68\% C.L.\ with $L_\mathrm{int}=2$/ab., Comment: 10 pages

There is growing interest in the development of a muon collider that would make it possible to produce lepton collisions at energies of several TeV. Among others, there can be significant contributions to electroweak gauge boson, Higgs boson and top quark physics. In this work we pay attention to the latter, in particular, effective flavor-changing top-quark interactions. We discuss two flavor changing $t \bar q$ ($q=u,c$) production processes that can be a good probe of the dimension-six top quark and gauge boson operators in the SMEFT. We consider all nine operators that can generate flavor-changing top quak couplings. After comparing with the current LHC limits, we identify two of them that have the highest sensitivity. On the other hand, for two others the sensitivity is so low that they can be safely discarded from future studies., Comment: 18 pages

We summarize the quantitative results of our analysis [1] of top-pair photoproduction in semileptonic mode in $pe$ collisions at the LHeC and FCC-he. We define three photoproduction regions, based on the rapidity acceptance range of the electron tagger, that provide different degrees of sensitivity to top-quark effective couplings. We focus on the $t\bar{t}\gamma$ dipole couplings and the left-handed vector $tbW$ coupling, for which we determine limits at both energies in the different photoproduction regions. We find that the LHeC and FCC-he will yield tight direct bounds on top dipole moments, greatly improving on current direct limits from hadron colliders, and direct limits on the $tbW$ coupling as restrictive as those expected from the HL-LHC. We also consider indirect limits from $b\to s \gamma$ branching ratio and $CP$ asymmetry, that are well known to be very sensitive probes of top electromagnetic dipole moments., Comment: 6 pages, talk delivered by A.B. at the XVIII Mexican Workshop on Particles and Fields 2022

We present a detailed study, at the fast detector simulation level, of top-pair photoproduction in semileptonic mode at the LHeC and FCC-he future colliders. We work in full tree-level QED, not relying on the equivalent-photon approximation, taking into account the complete photoproduction kinematics. This allows us to define three photoproduction regions based on the angular acceptance range of the electron tagger. Those regions provide different degrees of sensitivity to top-quark effective couplings. We focus on the $t\bar{t}\gamma$ dipole couplings and the left-handed vector $tbW$ coupling for which we determine limits at both energies and in different photoproduction regions. We find that the LHeC and FCC-he will yield tight direct bounds on top dipole moments, greatly improving on current direct limits from hadron colliders, and direct limits on the $tbW$ coupling as restrictive as those expected from the HL-LHC. We also consider indirect limits from $b\to s \gamma$ branching ratio and $CP$ asymmetry, that are well known to be very sensitive probes of top electromagnetic dipole moments., Comment: 40 pages, some minor typos corrected

Based on a recent proposal to build an electron-muon collider, we study two-to-two production processes e^- mu^+ --> f bar-f, gamma gamma that originate from dimension 6 and 8 operators. We compare the sensitivity to those effective couplings obtained at the collider with that of low energy measurements of mu --> e gamma, mu --> e bar-e e and mu --> e conversion that have recently been reported in the literature. Whereas for the production of first family fermions the sensitivity of the collider processes is much weaker, for the second and third family fermions it is similar or stronger than that of low-energy processes. In the case of e^- mu^+ --> gamma gamma, the sensitivity to a dimension 8 contact operator turns out to be the strongest in comparison., Comment: 15 pages, 3 figures. To appear in Advances in High Energy Physics

The Large Hadron electron Collider (LHeC) is designed to move the field of deep inelastic scattering (DIS) to the energy and intensity frontier of particle physics. Exploiting energy recovery technology, it collides a novel, intense electron beam with a proton or ion beam from the High Luminosity--Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC). The accelerator and interaction region are designed for concurrent electron-proton and proton-proton operation. This report represents an update of the Conceptual Design Report (CDR) of the LHeC, published in 2012. It comprises new results on parton structure of the proton and heavier nuclei, QCD dynamics, electroweak and top-quark physics. It is shown how the LHeC will open a new chapter of nuclear particle physics in extending the accessible kinematic range in lepton-nucleus scattering by several orders of magnitude. Due to enhanced luminosity, large energy and the cleanliness of the hadronic final states, the LHeC has a strong Higgs physics programme and its own discovery potential for new physics. Building on the 2012 CDR, the report represents a detailed updated design of the energy recovery electron linac (ERL) including new lattice, magnet, superconducting radio frequency technology and further components. Challenges of energy recovery are described and the lower energy, high current, 3-turn ERL facility, PERLE at Orsay, is presented which uses the LHeC characteristics serving as a development facility for the design and operation of the LHeC. An updated detector design is presented corresponding to the acceptance, resolution and calibration goals which arise from the Higgs and parton density function physics programmes. The paper also presents novel results on the Future Circular Collider in electron-hadron mode, FCC-eh, which utilises the same ERL technology to further extend the reach of DIS to even higher centre-of-mass energies., Comment: 373 pages, many figures, to be published by J. Phys. G

We study single top production at linear lepton colliders with $\sqrt{s} = 0.5$, 1 and 3 TeV. A preliminary analysis shows that despite the large $t\bar t$ background at $\sqrt{s} = 0.5$ and 1 TeV it is possible to obtain a good sensitivity to the $tbW$ vertex; even more so at 3 TeV when single top becomes the dominant mode of production. Concerning the four dimension six operators involved, two of them simultaneously generate $ttZ$ couplings and their sensitivity decreases with energy. The opposite is true for the other two operators. Single top production at these machines is also useful to probe charged-current four fermion operators $e\nu bt$, some of which are related to $tbW$ operators through the equations of motion., Comment: 28 pages

We explicitly establish a unitary correspondence between spherical irreducible tensor operators and cartesian tensor operators of any rank. That unitary relation is implemented by means of a basis of integer-spin wave functions that constitute simultaneously a basis of the spaces of cartesian and spherical irreducible tensors. As a consequence, we extend the Wigner--Eckart theorem to cartesian irreducible tensor operators of any rank, and to totally symmetric reducible ones. We also discuss the tensorial structure of several standard spherical irreducible tensors such as ordinary, bipolar and tensor spherical harmonics, spin-polarization operators and multipole operators. As an application, we obtain an explicit expression for the derivatives of any order of spherical harmonics in terms of tensor spherical harmonics., Comment: 27 pages, final version to appear in Reports on Mathematical Physics

Within the model-independent framework of $SU(3)\times SU(2)\times U(1)$ gauge-invariant dimension-six operators, we study flavor-changing $Wtq$ couplings ($q=d,s$) and related four-quark contact interactions involving the top. We obtain bounds on those couplings from Tevatron and LHC data for single-top production and branching fractions in top decays, as well as other experimental results on flavor-changing neutral-current processes including $B\to X_{q}\gamma$ and $Z\to b\bar{q}$ decays ($q=d,s$). We also update the bounds on flavor-diagonal $Wtb$ couplings using the most recent measurement of $W$-helicity fractions in top decays from top-pair production., Comment: 33 pages, 14 figures, final version to appear in PRD

In the context of $SU(2)_L\times U(1)$ dimension six operators we study the potential of the LHeC to provide information on top quark effective interactions. We focus on single antitop production and how it is affected not only by the effective $tbW$ coupling but also by four-fermion operators. Compared to the LHC, the LHeC provides a cleaner environment to make a precise measurement of the top quark production cross section. Therefore, this machine would give a much better assesment of $V_{tb}$ in the context of the SM or $V_L$ in the context of higher dimension operators. The LHeC could also give a slightly better measurement for $V_R$. For $g_R$ the HL-LHC precise measurements of $F_L$ and $F_R$ (the $W$-boson helicity decay ratios of top) would yield better constraints than those obtained by the LHeC. Lepton-quark contact interactions would also be significantly better probed by the LHeC, since the only way of measuring them at the LHC would be through leptonic top decay which is hardly sensitive to these interactions., Comment: 49 pages, 17 figures, final version to appear in JPG

We study the deep inelastic scattering and photo-production modes of $t\overline{t}$ pairs at the proposed LHeC and its potential to probe the electromagnetic and weak dipole moments (MDM and EDM for $tt\gamma$) of the top quark. A framework of eight independent gauge-invariant dimension-six operators involving the top quark and the electroweak gauge bosons is used. Four of these operators modify the charged $tbW$ coupling which can be probed through the single (anti) top production mode as reported in the literature. One generates $tt\gamma (Z)$ as well as $tbW$ couplings, while the other two do not generate $tbW$ but only $tt\gamma (Z)$. Our focus is on the MDM and EDM of the top quark for which the photo-production mode of $t\overline{t}$ can be an excellent probe. At the proposed electron energies of $E_e =60$ and $140$ GeV the LHeC could set constraints stronger than the indirect limits from $b\to s \gamma$ and the potential limits of the LHC through $t\overline{t} \gamma$ production., Comment: A numerical error has been corrected, which affected photo-production cross sections but not ratios thereof. Final results and conclusions essentially unchanged, besides minor numerical changes. Final version published in PRD. RevTex, 28 pp, 8 eps figs

Recent measurements like the t tbar gamma production by CDF as well as the Br(B ->Xs gamma) and ACP (B->Xs gamma) are used to constrain the magnetic and electric dipole moments of the top quark. The B->Xs gamma measurements by themselves define an allowed parameter region that sets up stringent constraints on both dipole moments. Actually, significantly more stringent than previously reported. The measurement by CDF has a 37% error that is too large to set any competitive bounds, for which a much lower 5% error would be required at least. On the other hand, because of the LHC's higher energy (apart from its higher luminosity) the same measurement performed there could indeed further constrain the allowed parameter region given by the B->Xs gamma measurement., Comment: Expanded version to be published in PRD. 14 pages, 3 figures

Based on the results of part I, we obtain the general form of the addition theorem for spin spherical harmonics and give explicit results in the cases involving one spin-$s'$ and one spin-$s$ spherical harmonics with $s',s=1/2$, 1, 3/2, and $|s'-s|=0$, 1. We obtain also a fully general addition theorem for one scalar and one tensor spherical harmonic of arbitrary rank. A variety of bilocal sums of ordinary and spin spherical harmonics are given in explicit form, including a general explicit expression for bilocal spherical harmonics.

We develop a systematic approach to deriving addition theorems for, and some other bilocal sums of, spin spherical harmonics. In this first part we establish some necessary technical results. We discuss the factorization of orbital and spin degrees of freedom in certain products of Clebsch-Gordan coefficients, and obtain general explicit results for the matrix elements in configuration space of tensor products of arbitrary rank of the position and angular-momentum operators. These results are the basis of the addition theorems for spin spherical harmonics obtained in part II.

We discuss several steady-state rotation and oscillation modes of the planar parametric rotator and pendulum with damping. We consider a general elliptic trajectory of the suspension point for both rotator and pendulum, for the latter at an arbitrary angle with gravity, with linear and circular trajectories as particular cases. We treat the damped, non-linear equation of motion of the parametric rotator and pendulum perturbatively for small parametric excitation and damping, although our perturbative approach can be extended to other regimes as well. Our treatment involves only ordinary second-order differential equations with constant coefficients, and provides numerically accurate perturbative solutions in terms of elementary functions. Some of the steady-state rotation and oscillation modes studied here have not been discussed in the previous literature. Other well-known ones, such as parametric resonance and the inverted pendulum, are extended to elliptic parametric excitation tilted with respect to gravity. The results presented here should be accessible to advanced undergraduates, and of interest to graduate students and specialists in the field of non-linear mechanics.

Single top quark production at the ILC can be used to obtain a high precision measurements of the the Vtb CKM matrix element as well as the effective tbW coupling. We have calculated the QCD correction for the cross section in the context of an effective vector boson approximation. Our results show a 10% increase due to the strong interaction., Comment: 8 pages, 4 figures

We study $pK^-$ scattering in the energy range from threshold through the $\Lambda(1520)$ peak in UBChPT, taking into account $\mathcal{O}(q)$ vertices from meson-baryon contact interactions and $s$- and $u$-channel ground-state baryon exchange, $s$- and $u$-channel decuplet- and nonet-baryon exchange and $t$-channel vector-meson exchange, as well as $\mathcal{O}(q^2)$ flavor-breaking vertices. Detailed fits to data are presented, including a substantial body of differential cross-section data with meson momentum $q_\mathrm{lab} > 300$ MeV not considered in previous treatments., Comment: v2: Two references added.

We compute the polarization of the final-state baryon, in its rest frame, in low-energy meson--baryon scattering with unpolarized initial state, in Unitarized BChPT. Free parameters are determined by fitting total and differential cross-section data (and spin-asymmetry or polarization data if available) for $pK^-$, $pK^+$ and $p\pi^+$ scattering. We also compare our results with those of leading-order BChPT.

We compute the spin asymmetry and polarization of the final-state baryon in its rest frame in two-body meson--baryon low-energy scattering with unpolarized initial state, to lowest non-trivial order in BChPT. The required absorptive amplitudes are obtained analytically at one-loop level. We discuss the polarization results numerically for several meson--baryon processes. Even at low energies above threshold, where BChPT can reasonably be expected to be applicable, sizable values of polarization are found for some processes.

A mechanism is discussed to obtain light scalar fields from a spontaneously broken continuous symmetry without explicitly breaking it. If there is a continuous manifold of classical vacua in orbit space, its tangent directions describe classically massless fields that may acquire mass from perturbations of the potential that do not break the symmetry. We consider the simplest possible example, involving a scalar field in the adjoint representation of SU(N). We study the scalar mass spectrum and its RG running at one-loop level including scalar and pseudoscalar Yukawa couplings to a massive Dirac fermion., Comment: minor typographical changes, 12 pages, 4 figures

We study the quantization of three-dimensional many-body systems in rotating coordinate frames defined implicitly by frame conditions. We carry out the elimination of orientational degrees of freedom in general, giving the Hamiltonian for the $N$-particle system in a broad class of body frames in terms of frame conditions and internal coordinates. We obtain several forms for the kinetic energy operator and compare them to related expressions in the literature.

We study the quantization of many-body systems in three dimensions in rotating coordinate frames using a gauge invariant formulation of the dynamics. We consider reference frames defined by linear gauge conditions, and discuss their Gribov ambiguities and commutator algebra. We construct the momentum operators, inner-product and Hamiltonian in those gauges, for systems with and without translation invariance. The analogy with the quantization of non-Abelian Yang-Mills theories in non-covariant gauges is emphasized. Our results are applied to quasi-rigid systems in the Eckart frame., Comment: 29 pages, LaTeX2e, AmsLaTeX

We study the quantization of many-body systems in two dimensions in rotating coordinate frames using a gauge invariant formulation of the dynamics. We consider reference frames defined by linear and quadratic gauge conditions. In both cases we discuss their Gribov ambiguities and commutator algebra. We construct the momentum operators, inner-product and Hamiltonian in both types of gauges, for systems with and without translation invariance. The analogy with the quantization of QED in non-covariant gauges is emphasized. Our results are applied to quasi-rigid systems in the Eckart frame., Comment: 18 pages, LaTeX2e, AmsLaTeX

We consider the renormalization of theories with many scalar fields. We discuss at the one-loop level some simple, non-gauge models with an arbitrary number of scalars and fermions both in mass-shell and MS schemes. In MS scheme we give a detailed qualitative analysis of the RG flow of dimensionless couplings in flavor space., Comment: 32 pages, LaTeX2e, AmsLaTeX, minor typos corrected

We give a complete analytical computation of three-point one-loop integrals with one heavy propagator, up to the third tensor rank, for arbitrary values of external momenta and masses., Comment: 10 pages, Latex, to appear in J. Phys. G

We give the results of complete analytical computations of two- and three-point loop integrals ocurring in heavy particle theories, with and without velocity change, for arbitrary values of external momenta and masses., Comment: 4 pages, Latex2e + aipproc, contributed talk at the VIII Mexican Workshop on Particles and Fields, Nov. 14-20, 2001, Zacatecas, Mexico, to appear in the AIP Proceedings. One reference corrected

We study the renormalization of normal mixing matrices, which includes hermitian and unitary matrices as particular cases. We give a minimal, multiplicative parametrization of counterterms, and compute the renormalized Lagrangian to one-loop order in several models with N species of fermions, both in on-shell and MS schemes. In on-shell scheme the mass-degenerate case is considered separately., Comment: 23+1 LaTeX pages, no figures, uses amslatex, amsfonts

We give a complete analytical computation of three and two-point loop integrals occurring in heavy-particle theories, involving a velocity change, for arbitrary real values of the external masses and residual momenta., Comment: 16 pages, Latex2e, no figures

A current algebra sum rule for inclusive decays \bar B --> D + X + \ell + \bar \nu by Bjorken et al. is used to obtain constraints on the Isgur-Wise function \xi(\omega) for \bar B --> D \ell \bar \nu decays., Comment: 4+1 pages, Latex2e + PS

We consider unstable-particle scattering in the context of 3-body processes. We show that all partial-wave cross-sections are finite and positive, and the total cross-section is proportional to the transverse size of space in the region of on-shell particle exchange. We comment on the role of loop corrections., Comment: 13 + 1 pages, plain LaTeX 2e + PostScript, to appear in Z. Phys. C