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Objective: Specific regulations about education and training for body piercing licensure courses have to be considered due to the great increase in oral piercing practices. The aim of the present survey was to assess the local and systemic risk awareness in the practice of oral piercing and their prevention in a sample of Italian piercers., Materials and Methods: An anonymous 20-item questionnaire was administered to 30 body licensed piercers in a small town of central Italy. Licenses certificates were issued by Lazio Region after the completion of an approved training program for standard body piercing including 90 hours of course and a final examination as provided by regional law. The questionnaire surveyed on oral cavity anatomy, local and systemic risks as result of oral piercing, piercing maintenance and need of a dental visit., Results: Response rate was 66.6%. Only 20% of respondents was aware about oral cavity anatomy and none had knowledge about tongue and gums anatomy. Only 10% enlightened the need of a dental visit and 30% was aware about piercingrelated temporary paralysis. The piercing maintenance was habitually proposed only by 40% of respondents., Conclusion: The study participants showed a low level of awareness regarding the potential health risks of oral piercing. Poor knowledge of anatomy and local and systemic risks and poor awareness of the importance of piercing maintenance explanation.

Aim: The purpose of the study Project was to test the effectiveness of a multimedia game designed in order to attract the attention of primary school children to oral health basic concepts and use the instrument to assess students' knowledge., Materials and Methods: An originally designed multimedia game on oral health was administered in the computer class rooms, before (T0) and after (T1) an educational stage, to third (8-9 years) and fifth graders (10-11 years) of primary schools in urban and rural areas of two provinces of medium-small cities in Center Italy (Terni and Latina). Considered variables were: age, gender, school time schedule (only antemeridian, extended schedule). The statistical test used was the non-parametric Wilcox on signed-rank test., Results: Response rate was 90.6% (due to absence on the due date). 1,300 students were involved. Overall, the average of the correct answers was 40.7% before oral health lessons and 59.2% after. An improving trend of correct answers was recorded from T0 to T1, significantly (p < 0.05) among: fifth graders (+ 17.5%), extended school time schedulers (+18.1%) and females (+18.9%). The results, however, show poor global oral health knowledge, being total percentage of correct answers below 60%., Conclusions: The results stress the importance of the school environment as access to health promotion for all socio-economic classes. The multimedia educational approach has proved a valuable and updated tool to attract the attention of digital native children.