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1. Processing reduced speech in the L1 and L2: a combined eye-tracking and ERP study.

Author

Mulder, Kimberley, Brand, Sophie, Boves, Lou, and Ernestus, Mirjam

Subjects
ARTICULATION disorders, COGNITIVE testing, SPEECH, RESEARCH funding, PHONOLOGICAL awareness, ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY, PHOTOGRAPHY, SOUND recordings, ALTERNATIVE medicine, LATENT semantic analysis, PHONETICS, LANGUAGE acquisition, EYE movements, VIDEO recording
Abstract

We examined the cognitive processes underlying the comprehension of reduced word pronunciation variants in natives and advanced learners of French. In a passive listening visual world task, participants heard sentences containing either a reduced or a full form and saw pictures representing the target word, a phonological competitor and two neutral distractors. After each sentence they saw a picture and had to decide whether it matched the content of that sentence. Eye movements and EEG were recorded simultaneously. Because the two recordings offer complementary information about cognitive processes, we developed methods for analysing the signals in combination. We found a stronger effect of reduction on phonetic processing and semantic integration in learners than in natives, but the effects are different from the N100/N400 and P600 effects found in previous research. Time-locking EEG signals on fixation moments in the eye movements offers a window onto the time course of semantic integration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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5. Evaluating Automatic Speech Recognition-Based Language Learning Systems: A Case Study

Author

van Doremalen, Joost, Boves, Lou, Colpaert, Jozef, Cucchiarini, Catia, and Strik, Helmer

Abstract

The purpose of this research was to evaluate a prototype of an automatic speech recognition (ASR)-based language learning system that provides feedback on different aspects of speaking performance (pronunciation, morphology and syntax) to students of Dutch as a second language. We carried out usability reviews, expert reviews and user tests to gain insight into the potential of this prototype and the possible ways in which it could be further adapted or improved, with a view to developing specific language learning products. The evaluation revealed that domain experts and users (teachers and students) are generally positive about the system and intend to use it if they get the opportunity. In addition, recommendations have been made which range from specific changes and additions to the system to more general statements about the pedagogical and technological issues involved. These recommendations can be useful to improve this prototype and to develop other ASR-based systems, which can be deployed either as language courseware or as research tools to investigate design hypotheses and language acquisition processes.

Published
2016
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10. Bringing Why-QA to Web Search

Author

Verberne, Suzan, Boves, Lou, Kraaij, Wessel, Hutchison, David, Series editor, Kanade, Takeo, Series editor, Kittler, Josef, Series editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., Series editor, Mattern, Friedemann, Series editor, Mitchell, John C., Series editor, Naor, Moni, Series editor, Nierstrasz, Oscar, Series editor, Pandu Rangan, C., Series editor, Steffen, Bernhard, Series editor, Sudan, Madhu, Series editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, Series editor, Tygar, Doug, Series editor, Vardi, Moshe Y., Series editor, Weikum, Gerhard, Series editor, Clough, Paul, editor, Foley, Colum, editor, Gurrin, Cathal, editor, Jones, Gareth J. F., editor, Kraaij, Wessel, editor, Lee, Hyowon, editor, and Mudoch, Vanessa, editor

Published
2011
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11. Hybrid HMM/BLSTM-RNN for Robust Speech Recognition

Author

Sun, Yang, ten Bosch, Louis, Boves, Lou, Hutchison, David, editor, Kanade, Takeo, editor, Kittler, Josef, editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., editor, Mattern, Friedemann, editor, Mitchell, John C., editor, Naor, Moni, editor, Nierstrasz, Oscar, editor, Pandu Rangan, C., editor, Steffen, Bernhard, editor, Sudan, Madhu, editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, editor, Tygar, Doug, editor, Vardi, Moshe Y., editor, Weikum, Gerhard, editor, Goebel, Randy, editor, Siekmann, Jörg, editor, Wahlster, Wolfgang, editor, Sojka, Petr, editor, Horák, Aleš, editor, Kopeček, Ivan, editor, and Pala, Karel, editor

Published
2010
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13. On a Computational Model for Language Acquisition: Modeling Cross-Speaker Generalisation

Author

ten Bosch, Louis, Driesen, Joris, Van hamme, Hugo, Boves, Lou, Hutchison, David, Series editor, Kanade, Takeo, Series editor, Kittler, Josef, Series editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., Series editor, Mattern, Friedemann, Series editor, Mitchell, John C., Series editor, Naor, Moni, Series editor, Nierstrasz, Oscar, Series editor, Pandu Rangan, C., Series editor, Steffen, Bernhard, Series editor, Sudan, Madhu, Series editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, Series editor, Tygar, Doug, Series editor, Vardi, Moshe Y., Series editor, Weikum, Gerhard, Series editor, Goebel, Randy, editor, Siekmann, Jörg, editor, Wahlster, Wolfgang, editor, Matoušek, Václav, editor, and Mautner, Pavel, editor

Published
2009
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15. Evaluating Paragraph Retrieval for why-QA

Author

Verberne, Suzan, Boves, Lou, Oostdijk, Nelleke, Coppen, Peter-Arno, Hutchison, David, editor, Kanade, Takeo, editor, Kittler, Josef, editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., editor, Mattern, Friedemann, editor, Mitchell, John C., editor, Naor, Moni, editor, Nierstrasz, Oscar, editor, Pandu Rangan, C., editor, Steffen, Bernhard, editor, Sudan, Madhu, editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, editor, Tygar, Doug, editor, Vardi, Moshe Y., editor, Weikum, Gerhard, editor, Macdonald, Craig, editor, Ounis, Iadh, editor, Plachouras, Vassilis, editor, Ruthven, Ian, editor, and White, Ryen W., editor

Published
2008
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18. Multimodal Interaction in Architectural Design Applications

Author

Boves, Lou, Neumann, Andre, Vuurpijl, Louis, ten Bosch, Louis, Rossignol, Stéphane, Engel, Ralf, Pfleger, Norbert, Hutchison, David, editor, Kanade, Takeo, editor, Kittler, Josef, editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., editor, Mattern, Friedemann, editor, Mitchell, John C., editor, Naor, Moni, editor, Nierstrasz, Oscar, editor, Pandu Rangan, C., editor, Steffen, Bernhard, editor, Sudan, Madhu, editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, editor, Tygar, Dough, editor, Vardi, Moshe Y., editor, Weikum, Gerhard, editor, Stary, Christian, editor, and Stephanidis, Constantine, editor

Published
2004
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31. Cognate status modulates the comprehension of isolated reduced forms.

Author

Mulder, Kimberley, Wloch, Lucas, Boves, Lou, ten Bosch, Louis, and Ernestus, Mirjam

Subjects
SEMANTICS, PHONOLOGICAL awareness, PHYSIOLOGICAL aspects of speech, ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY, COGNITION, DECISION making, DESCRIPTIVE statistics, REACTION time, DATA analysis software, PSYCHOLOGICAL stress
Abstract

There are competing theories about the representation of reduced variants of words in the mental lexicon. At the same time, speech reduction is known to cause problems for non-natives' speech comprehension. We investigate whether processing of full and reduced forms of cognates can help to better understand how reduced forms are represented in the mental lexicon. In an English auditory lexical decision task during which the brain response (EEG) was recorded, highly proficient Dutch learners of English listened to full and reduced forms of cognates and non-cognates. In the reduced forms, schwa was omitted. This schwa reduction occurred in either poststress or prestress position. While behavioural data (accuracy and reaction time) did not yield convincing information about the status of reduced forms, EEG data strongly suggest that form representations play an important role, in both prestress and poststress words. The results have clear implications for theories and models of spoken word recognition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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50. What’s in a word: Sounding sarcastic in British English

Author

Chen, A., Boves, Lou, ILS Acquisition, and Engelse taalkunde

Abstract

Using a simulated telephone conversation task, we elicited sarcastic production in different utterance types (i.e. declaratives, tag questions and wh-exclamatives from native speakers of the southern variety of British English. Unlike previous studies which focus on static prosodic measurements at the utterance level (e.g. mean pitch, pitch span, intensity), we examined both static prosodic measurements and continuous changes in contour shape in the semantically most important words (or key words) of the sarcastic utterances and their counterparts in the sincere utterances. To this end, we adopted Functional Data Analysis to model pitch variation as contours and represent the contours as continuous function in statistical analysis. We found that sarcasm and sincerity are prosodically distinguishable in the key words alone. The key words in sarcastic utterances are realised with a longer duration and a flatter fall than their counterparts in sincere utterances regardless of utterance types and speaker gender. These results are compatible with previous reports on the use of a smaller pitch span and a slower speech rate in sarcastic utterances than in sincere utterances in North American English. We also observed notable differences in the use of minimum pitch, maximum pitch and contour shape in different utterance types and in the use of mean pitch and duration by male and female speakers. Additionally, we found that the prosody of the key words in sarcastic utterances and their counterparts in sincere utterances has yielded useful predictors for the presence (or absence) of sarcasm in an utterance. Together, our results lend direct support to a key-word–based approach. However, the prosodic predictors included in our analysis alone can achieve only an accuracy of 70.4%, suggesting a need to examine additional prosodic parameters and prosody beyond the key words.

Published
2018

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