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9. Using Technology to Enhance Extension Education and Outreach

Author

Barton, Elizabeth T., primary, Barton, Emily A., additional, Barton, Susan, additional, Boyer, Cheryl R., additional, Brosnan, Jim, additional, Hill, Paul, additional, Hoyle, Jared, additional, Reid, Judson, additional, Seger, Jamie, additional, and Stafne, Eric, additional

Published
2017
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18. Promoting Red Elm (Ulmus rubraMuhl.) Germination with Gibberellic Acid

Author

Barden, Charles J., Boyer, Cheryl R., Morales, Brenda M., and Fisher, Lillian

Abstract

Red or slippery elm (Ulmus rubraMuhl.) is valued by many Native American tribes for its food, fiber, and medicinal uses and as ceremonial fuelwood; however, nursery propagation is hindered by a lack of large seed trees due to Dutch elm disease, caused by the fungus Ophiostoma ulmi(Ophiostoma ulmiBusiman) and poor germination of collected seed. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of using gibberellic acid (GA3) to improve red elm seed germination. Studies were conducted for 2 years with two seed sources, both nonstratified seed and seed stratified for 45 or 90 days, soaked in GA3concentrations ranging from 0 to 2,000 ppm. Seed viability ranged from 80 to 94%; however, germination ranged from 13 to 88% for nonstratified seeds. In 2010, GA3up to 1,000 ppm improved germination of nonstratified seeds; however, GA3decreased germination of stratified seeds. In 2011, GA3improved or had little effect on germination. Use of GA3should improve red elm seed germination, particularly if stratification is not used.Management and Policy ImplicationsMost tree species that ripen and disperse seed in the spring do not need to be stratified for adequate germination but can be sown immediately. Red elm may be an exception to that rule, which has stymied efforts of Kansas Native American tribes to establish small red elm nursery beds. By soaking freshly collected seed for 24 hours in 1,000 ppm GA3, nursery operators can sow them immediately without storage and expect rapid germination. GA3is available from scientific chemical supply companies. Rapid germination of red elm seeds with GA3will improve nursery operations by reducing production space required for adequate crop numbers and improving crop cycle efficiency. The resulting seedlings can then be outplanted early the next spring and nursery production space made available annually for a new crop of seedlings.

Published
2017
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33. Performance of Container-Grown Loropetalum Grown in Clean Chip Residual Substrate©.

Author

Boyer, Cheryl R., Fain, Glenn B., Gilliam, Charles H., Sibley, Jeff L., Gallagher, Thomas V., and Torbert, H. Allen

Abstract

A conference paper on a study which evaluates the growth of woody ornamentals particularly the woody specie of Loropetalum chinensis f. rubrum grown in clean chip residual (CCR) or pine bark (PB) substrates over the course of one year is presented. Data for Loropetalum reveal that plants grown in CCR have similar or greater growth than plants grown in PB. Results demonstrate that CCR can support the growth of woody ornamentals and is a viable option for the nursery industry.

Published
2007

34. Suitability of Processed Whole Pine Tree as a Substrate Component for Production of Greenhouse Crops©.

Author

Fain, Glenn B., Gilliam, Charles H., Sibley, Jeff L., and Boyer, Cheryl R.

Abstract

The article discusses a report on the suitability of processed whole pine tree as a substrate component for production of greenhouse crops, presented at the 39th annual conference of the International Plant Propagators' Society's (IPPS) regional chapter in Great Britain and Ireland, which was held in Grobbendonk, Belgium from August 29 to September 1, 2006. A description of the experimental set-up and measurement method is presented.

Published
2006

35. Mixin' it up.

Author

Boyer, Cheryl R.

Subjects
PINE bark, PEAT gardens, PLANT growing media, GREENHOUSES, PLANT nurseries
Abstract

The article discusses the key factors to consider when using alternative substrates to replace or supplement peat and pine bark supplies. It focuses on wood-based substrates for greenhouse and nursery production. Plant growers are advised to determine the species of wood to be used, as research shows that softwood pine trees are best and most available in the southeastern part of the U.S. Particle size and storage should also be considered.

Published
2013

36. WholeTree Substrate and Fertilizer Rate in Production of Greenhouse-grown Petunia (Petunia xhybrida Vilm.) and Marigold (Tagetes patula L.).

Author

Fain, Glenn B., Gilliam, Charles H., Sibley, Jeff L., Boyer, Cheryl R., and Witcher, Anthony L.

Subjects
*PETUNIAS, *MARIGOLDS, *PLANT growing media, *FERTILIZERS, *GREENHOUSES
Abstract

A substrate component (WholeTree) made from loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) was evaluated along with starter fertilizer rate in the production of greenhouse-grown petunia (Petunia xhybrida Vilm. 'Dreams Purple') and marigold (Tagetes patula L. 'Hero Spry'). Loblolly pine from a 12-year-old plantation were harvested at ground level, chipped, and further processed through a hammer mill to pass a 0.64-cm screen. The resulting WholeTree (WT) substrate was used alone or combined with 20% (WTP2) or 50% (WTP5) (by volume) Canadian sphagnum peatmoss and compared with an industry standard peat-lite (PL) mix of 8 peatmoss : 1 vermiculite : 1 perlite (by volume). Substrates were amended with 1.78 kg.m-3 dolomitic lime, 0.59 kg.m-3 gypsum [CaSO4-2(H20)], 0.44 kg.m-3 Micromax, 1.78 kg.m-3 16N-2.6P-9.9K (3- to 4-month release), and 1.78 kg.m-3 16N-2.6P-10.8K (5- to 6-month release). A 7N-I.3P-8.3K starter fertilizer (SF) was added to each substrate at 0.0, 1.19, 2.37, or 3.56 kg.m-3. Container capacity (CC) was greatest for PL and decreased as the percentage of peatmoss in the substrate decreased with WT having 35% less CC than PL. Conversely, air space (AS) was greatest for the WT and decreased as percentage of peatmoss increased with PL containing 33% less AS than WT. In general, petunia dry weight was greatest for any substrate containing peatmoss with a SF rate of 2.37 kg.m-3 or greater. The exception was that petunia grown in WT at 3.56 kg.m-3 SF had similar dry weight as all other treatments. Marigold dry weight was similar for all substrates where at least 2.37 kg.m-3 SF was used. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2008
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