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3. Equilibrium reconstruction with 3D eddy currents in the Lithium Tokamak eXperiment

Author

Hansen, C., Boyle, D. P., Schmitt, J. C., and Majeski, R.

Subjects
Physics - Plasma Physics
Abstract

Axisymmetric free-boundary equilibrium reconstructions of tokamak plasmas in the Lithium Tokamak eXperiment (LTX) are performed using the PSI-Tri equilibrium code. Reconstructions in LTX are complicated by the presence of long-lived non-axisymmetric eddy currents generated by vacuum vessel and first wall structures. To account for this effect, reconstructions are performed with additional toroidal current sources in these conducting regions. The source distributions are fixed poloidally, but their scale is adjusted as part of the full reconstruction. Eddy distributions are computed by toroidally averaging currents, generated by coupling to vacuum field coils, from a simplified 3D filament model of important conducting structures. The full 3D eddy current fields are also used to enable the inclusion of local magnetic field measurements, which have strong 3D eddy current pick-up, as reconstruction constraints. Using this method, equilibrium reconstruction yields good agreement with all available diagnostic signals. An accompanying field perturbation produced by 3D eddy currents on the plasma surface with primarily n=2, m=1 character is also predicted for these equilibria., Comment: 13 pages, 6 figures

Published
2017
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4. Integration of fixed-frequency and FM-CW (frequency-modulated continuous-wave) reflectometers for coincident turbulence measurements on LTX-β (Lithium Tokamak eXperiment-β).

Author

Kubota, S., Lantsov, R., Rhodes, T. L., Banerjee, S., Boyle, D. P., Maan, A., and Majeski, R.

Subjects
ANTENNA arrays, TIME-resolved measurements, PLASMA boundary layers, ELECTRIC lines, REFLECTOMETER
Abstract

The fixed-frequency and frequency-modulated continuous-wave (FM-CW) reflectometers on LTX-β (Lithium Tokamak eXperiment-β) have been configured to use the same transmission lines and antenna arrays for coincident views of the core and edge plasma. The fixed-frequency channels (13.1–20.5 and 20–40 GHz, tunable between discharges) provide time-resolved measurements of density fluctuations, while the FM-CW channels (13.1–20.2 and 19.5–33.5 GHz) measure the density profile and fluctuations, with high spatial resolution and a sampling rate determined by the frequency sweep interval (5 μs). Data from both reflectometers are synchronously acquired to simultaneously leverage the wide bandwidth and high spatial resolution of the respective systems. Experiments showed that mutual crosstalk interference is momentary and does not diminish the capability of either system. Spectral analysis indicated broad power spectra (several hundreds of kHz) and suggests that the signals from the FM-CW system are consistent with under-sampled fixed-frequency signals. Radial correlations were explored using data from the two reflectometers, as well as from the FM-CW system alone. The core channels showed high levels of agreement between these two comparisons, suggesting that the data from the reflectometers are interchangeable for statistical estimates. For the edge channels, comparisons using data from the FM-CW reflectometer alone showed significant decorrelation due to time lag caused by the finite frequency up-sweep duration. Alternatively, this effect is eliminated when cross-correlating data from the different reflectometers. These results highlight the advantages of operating the fixed-frequency and FM-CW reflectometers in this manner, where the combined system can overcome the limitations of each separate system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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5. Modifying x-ray streak cameras for operation on igniting fusion experiments.

Author

Khan, S. F., Nyholm, P. R., Decker, K. J., MacPhee, A. G., Hilsabeck, T. J., Boyle, D., Palmer, N., Miller, T. A., and Carpenter, A. C.

Subjects
NUCLEAR fusion, X-rays, METAL mesh, DATA recorders & recording, RADIATION
Abstract

The National Ignition Facility produced the first nuclear fusion experiment demonstrating net positive energy gain on December 5, 2022. The x-ray streak camera that measures the bang time and burn-width from this landmark experiment had an electronic failure and did not record data. The CCD sensor was replaced with a radiation hardened CMOS sensor that has since demonstrated successful operation on repeat ignition shots. Concurrently, an instrument artifact was identified that occurs when the signal consists primarily of energetic x rays >15 keV (common on burning plasma experiments). This artifact, which appears as a background pedestal, arises from the x-ray back-fluorescence generated by the solid metal accelerating mesh behind the photocathode in the streak tube. We have mitigated this background signal by limiting the sensitive area of the photocathode. Herein, the details of the modifications and the results are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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6. Development and acceptability of a digital tool for promoting syphilis testing in Australian general practice: qualitative study using the Theoretical Framework of Acceptability

Author

Power, J, Hunter, B, Hocking, JS, Manski-Nankervis, J-A, Jung, J, Wigan, R, Chen, MY, Boyle, D, Chidgey, C, O’Donnell, H, Goller, JL, Power, J, Hunter, B, Hocking, JS, Manski-Nankervis, J-A, Jung, J, Wigan, R, Chen, MY, Boyle, D, Chidgey, C, O’Donnell, H, and Goller, JL

Abstract

Background: In Australia, syphilis notifications increased 2.5-fold during 2013–2022 and 83 congenital syphilis cases were reported. Timely diagnosis and management are crucial. We developed a tool to promote syphilis testing into our existing ‘Future Health Today’ (FHT) software and explored its acceptability in general practice. Methods: Our tool (FHT-syphilis) scans electronic medical record data to identify and prompt testing for pregnant women, and, people recently tested for sexually transmissible infection (STI) or HIV, but not syphilis. It links to relevant guidelines and patient resources. We implemented FHT-syphilis in 52 general practices using FHT for other conditions and interviewed practice clinicians (n = 9) to explore it’s acceptability. Data were analysed deductively guided by the Theoretical Framework of Acceptability. Results: Interviewees considered syphilis an important infection to focus on and broadly viewed FHT-syphilis as acceptable for identifying patients and giving clinicians authority to discuss syphilis testing. Time constraints and unrelated reasons for a patient’s visit were barriers to initiating syphilis testing discussions. Australian STI guidelines were considered appropriate to link to. Some interviewees considered prompts should be based on sexual behaviour, however this is not well captured in the electonic medical record. Two interviewees were alerted to updated Australian STI guidelines via their interaction with FHT-syphilis and expanded their syphilis testing practices. Expertise to initiate discussions about syphilis and risk was deemed important. Conclusions: A digital tool for prompting syphilis testing was acceptable to clinicians already using FHT. Linkage to STI guidelines alerted some end-users to updated guidelines, informing STI testing practices.

Published
2024

7. An overview of recent physics results from NSTX

Author

Kaye, SM, Abrams, T, Ahn, J-W, Allain, JP, Andre, R, Andruczyk, D, Barchfeld, R, Battaglia, D, Bhattacharjee, A, Bedoya, F, Bell, RE, Belova, E, Berkery, J, Berry, L, Bertelli, N, Beiersdorfer, P, Bialek, J, Bilato, R, Boedo, J, Bonoli, P, Boozer, A, Bortolon, A, Boyer, MD, Boyle, D, Brennan, D, Breslau, J, Brooks, J, Buttery, R, Capece, A, Canik, J, Chang, CS, Crocker, N, Darrow, D, Davis, W, Delgado-Aparicio, L, Diallo, A, D'Ippolito, D, Domier, C, Ebrahimi, F, Ethier, S, Evans, T, Ferraro, N, Ferron, J, Finkenthal, M, Fonck, R, Fredrickson, E, Fu, GY, Gates, D, Gerhardt, S, Glasser, A, Gorelenkov, N, Gorelenkova, M, Goumiri, I, Gray, T, Green, D, Guttenfelder, W, Harvey, R, Hassanein, A, Heidbrink, W, Hirooka, Y, Hooper, EB, Hosea, J, Humphreys, D, Jaeger, EF, Jarboe, T, Jardin, S, Jaworski, MA, Kaita, R, Kessel, C, Kim, K, Koel, B, Kolemen, E, Kramer, G, Ku, S, Kubota, S, LaHaye, RJ, Lao, L, LeBlanc, BP, Levinton, F, Liu, D, Lore, J, Lucia, M, Luhmann, N, Maingi, R, Majeski, R, Mansfield, D, Maqueda, R, McKee, G, Medley, S, Meier, E, Menard, J, Mueller, D, Munsat, T, Muscatello, C, Myra, J, Nelson, B, Nichols, J, Ono, M, Osborne, T, and Park, J-K

Subjects
NSTX, spherical torus, overview, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Abstract

The National Spherical Torus Experiment (NSTX) is currently being upgraded to operate at twice the toroidal field and plasma current (up to 1T and 2MA), with a second, more tangentially aimed neutral beam (NB) for current and rotation control, allowing for pulse lengths up to 5s. Recent NSTX physics analyses have addressed topics that will allow NSTX-Upgrade to achieve the research goals critical to a Fusion Nuclear Science Facility. These include producing stable, 100% non-inductive operation in high-performance plasmas, assessing plasma-material interface (PMI) solutions to handle the high heat loads expected in the next-step devices and exploring the unique spherical torus (ST) parameter regimes to advance predictive capability. Non-inductive operation and current profile control in NSTX-U will be facilitated by co-axial helicity injection (CHI) as well as radio frequency (RF) and NB heating. CHI studies using NIMROD indicate that the reconnection process is consistent with the 2D Sweet-Parker theory. Full-wave AORSA simulations show that RF power losses in the scrape-off layer (SOL) increase significantly for both NSTX and NSTX-U when the launched waves propagate in the SOL. Toroidal Alfvén eigenmode avalanches and higher frequency Alfvén eigenmodes can affect NB-driven current through energy loss and redistribution of fast ions. The inclusion of rotation and kinetic resonances, which depend on collisionality, is necessary for predicting experimental stability thresholds of fast growing ideal wall and resistive wall modes. Neutral beams and neoclassical toroidal viscosity generated from applied 3D fields can be used as actuators to produce rotation profiles optimized for global stability. DEGAS-2 has been used to study the dependence of gas penetration on SOL temperatures and densities for the MGI system being implemented on the Upgrade for disruption mitigation. PMI studies have focused on the effect of ELMs and 3D fields on plasma detachment and heat flux handling. Simulations indicate that snowflake and impurity seeded radiative divertors are candidates for heat flux mitigation in NSTX-U. Studies of lithium evaporation on graphite surfaces indicate that lithium increases oxygen surface concentrations on graphite, and deuterium-oxygen affinity, which increases deuterium pumping and reduces recycling. In situ and test-stand experiments of lithiated graphite and molybdenum indicate temperature-enhanced sputtering, although that test-stand studies also show the potential for heat flux reduction through lithium vapour shielding. Non-linear gyro kinetic simulations have indicated that ion transport can be enhanced by a shear-flow instability, and that non-local effects are necessary to explain the observed rapid changes in plasma turbulence. Predictive simulations have shown agreement between a microtearing-based reduced transport model and the measured electron temperatures in a microtearing unstable regime. Two Alfvén eigenmode-driven fast ion transport models have been developed and successfully benchmarked against NSTX data. Upgrade construction is moving on schedule with initial physics research operation of NSTX-U planned for mid-2015.

Published
2015

8. Estimates of global recycling coefficients for LTX-β discharges

Author

Maan, A., primary, Boyle, D. P., additional, Majeski, R., additional, Wilkie, G. J., additional, Francisquez, M., additional, Banerjee, S., additional, Kaita, R., additional, Maingi, R., additional, LeBlanc, B. P., additional, Abe, S., additional, Jung, E., additional, Perez, E., additional, Capecchi, W., additional, Ostrowski, E. T., additional, Elliott, D. B., additional, Hansen, C., additional, Kubota, S., additional, Soukhanovskii, V., additional, and Zakharov, L., additional

Published
2024
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9. Electrical design of the flexible imaging diffraction diagnostic for laser experiments (FIDDLE) at the National Ignition Facility (NIF)—Requirements, design, and performance.

Author

Nyholm, P. R., Palmer, N. E., Petre, R. B., Carpenter, A. C., Nagel, S. R., Bradley, D. K., Vennari, C. E., Golick, B., Boyle, D., Sharp, A. M., Morioka, S. B., Mackinnon, A. J., and Benedetti, L. R.

Abstract

The Flexible Imaging Diffraction Diagnostic for Laser Experiments (FIDDLE) is a newly developed diagnostic for imaging time resolved diffraction in experiments at the National Ignition Facility (NIF). It builds on the successes of its predecessor, the Gated Diffraction Development Diagnostic (G3D). The FIDDLE was designed to support eight Daedalus version 2 sensors (six more hCMOS sensors than any other hCMOS-based diagnostic in NIF to date) and an integrated streak camera. We will review the electrical requirements, design, and performance of the electrical subsystems that were created to support this large number of cameras in the FIDDLE. The analysis of the data that the FIDDLE is intended to collect relies heavily on the accurate and well-understood timing of each sensor. We report camera-to-camera timing jitter of less than 100 ps rms and sensor integration times of 2.2 ns FWHM in 2-2 timing mode. Additionally, diffraction experiments on the NIF produce electric fields (EMI) on the order of 1 kV/m, which have been observed to negatively impact the performance of some electrical components of the FIDDLE. We report on the results of testing hCMOS camera electronics in a similar EMI environment generated in an offline lab. We also summarize the use of a novel approach to using a vector network analyzer as an EMI leak detector to understand and reduce the negative impacts of EMI on the FIDDLE. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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10. Overview of physics results from the conclusive operation of the National Spherical Torus Experiment

Author

Sabbagh, SA, Ahn, J-W, Allain, J, Andre, R, Balbaky, A, Bastasz, R, Battaglia, D, Bell, M, Bell, R, Beiersdorfer, P, Belova, E, Berkery, J, Betti, R, Bialek, J, Bigelow, T, Bitter, M, Boedo, J, Bonoli, P, Boozer, A, Bortolon, A, Boyle, D, Brennan, D, Breslau, J, Buttery, R, Canik, J, Caravelli, G, Chang, C, Crocker, N, Darrow, D, Davis, B, Delgado-Aparicio, L, Diallo, A, Ding, S, D'Ippolito, D, Domier, C, Dorland, W, Ethier, S, Evans, T, Ferron, J, Finkenthal, M, Foley, J, Fonck, R, Frazin, R, Fredrickson, E, Fu, G, Gates, D, Gerhardt, S, Glasser, A, Gorelenkov, N, Gray, T, Guo, Y, Guttenfelder, W, Hahm, T, Harvey, R, Hassanein, A, Heidbrink, W, Hill, K, Hirooka, Y, Hooper, EB, Hosea, J, Humphreys, D, Indireshkumar, K, Jaeger, F, Jarboe, T, Jardin, S, Jaworski, M, Kaita, R, Kallman, J, Katsuro-Hopkins, O, Kaye, S, Kessel, C, Kim, J, Kolemen, E, Kramer, G, Krasheninnikov, S, Kubota, S, Kugel, H, La Haye, RJ, Lao, L, LeBlanc, B, Lee, W, Lee, K, Leuer, J, Levinton, F, Liang, Y, Liu, D, Lore, J, Luhmann, N, Maingi, R, Majeski, R, Manickam, J, Mansfield, D, Maqueda, R, Mazzucato, E, McLean, A, McCune, D, McGeehan, B, McKee, G, Medley, S, and Meier, E

Subjects
Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Abstract

Research on the National Spherical Torus Experiment, NSTX, targets physics understanding needed for extrapolation to a steady-state ST Fusion Nuclear Science Facility, pilot plant, or DEMO. The unique ST operational space is leveraged to test physics theories for next-step tokamak operation, including ITER. Present research also examines implications for the coming device upgrade, NSTX-U. An energy confinement time, τE, scaling unified for varied wall conditions exhibits a strong improvement of BTτE with decreased electron collisionality, accentuated by lithium (Li) wall conditioning. This result is consistent with nonlinear microtearing simulations that match the experimental electron diffusivity quantitatively and predict reduced electron heat transport at lower collisionality. Beam-emission spectroscopy measurements in the steep gradient region of the pedestal indicate the poloidal correlation length of turbulence of about ten ion gyroradii increases at higher electron density gradient and lower Ti gradient, consistent with turbulence caused by trapped electron instabilities. Density fluctuations in the pedestal top region indicate ion-scale microturbulence compatible with ion temperature gradient and/or kinetic ballooning mode instabilities. Plasma characteristics change nearly continuously with increasing Li evaporation and edge localized modes (ELMs) stabilize due to edge density gradient alteration. Global mode stability studies show stabilizing resonant kinetic effects are enhanced at lower collisionality, but in stark contrast have almost no dependence on collisionality when the plasma is off-resonance. Combined resistive wall mode radial and poloidal field sensor feedback was used to control n = 1 perturbations and improve stability. The disruption probability due to unstable resistive wall modes (RWMs) was surprisingly reduced at very high βN/li > 10 consistent with low frequency magnetohydrodynamic spectroscopy measurements of mode stability. Greater instability seen at intermediate βN is consistent with decreased kinetic RWM stabilization. A model-based RWM state-space controller produced long-pulse discharges exceeding βN = 6.4 and βN/li = 13. Precursor analysis shows 96.3% of disruptions can be predicted with 10 ms warning and a false positive rate of only 2.8%. Disruption halo currents rotate toroidally and can have significant toroidal asymmetry. Global kinks cause measured fast ion redistribution, with full-orbit calculations showing redistribution from the core outward and towards V∥/V = 1 where destabilizing compressional Alfvén eigenmode resonances are expected. Applied 3D fields altered global Alfvén eigenmode characteristics. High-harmonic fast-wave (HHFW) power couples to field lines across the entire width of the scrape-off layer, showing the importance of the inclusion of this phenomenon in designing future RF systems. The snowflake divertor configuration enhanced by radiative detachment showed large reductions in both steady-state and ELM heat fluxes (ELMing peak values down from 19 MW m-2 to less than 1.5 MW m-2). Toroidal asymmetry of heat deposition was observed during ELMs or by 3D fields. The heating power required for accessing H-mode decreased by 30% as the triangularity was decreased by moving the X-point to larger radius, consistent with calculations of the dependence of E × B shear in the edge region on ion heat flux and X-point radius. Co-axial helicity injection reduced the inductive start-up flux, with plasmas ramped to 1 MA requiring 35% less inductive flux. Non-inductive current fraction (NICF) up to 65% is reached experimentally with neutral beam injection at plasma current Ip = 0.7 MA and between 70-100% with HHFW application at Ip = 0.3 MA. NSTX-U scenario development calculations project 100% NICF for a large range of 0.6 < Ip (MA) < 1.35. © 2013 IAEA, Vienna.

Published
2013

14. Preface

Author

Tsiatsis, V., primary, Karnouskos, S., additional, Höller, J., additional, Boyle, D., additional, and Mulligan, C., additional

Published
2019
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15. Acknowledgments

Author

Tsiatsis, V., primary, Karnouskos, S., additional, Höller, J., additional, Boyle, D., additional, and Mulligan, C., additional

Published
2019
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16. 5-axis multi-material 3D printing of curved electrical traces

Author

Hong, F., Lampret, B., Myant, C., Hodges, S., Boyle, D., Hong, F., Lampret, B., Myant, C., Hodges, S., and Boyle, D.

Abstract

Prototyping three-dimensional (3D) printed electronics via material extrusion (MEX) has become popular in recent years with the increased availability of commercial conductive filaments. However, the current planar 3D printing method of layer upon layer construction shows clear challenges in extruding conductive traces for inclining surfaces. This inherent limitation of planar 3D printing restricts the design freedom of 3D printed electrically conductive objects with conductive filaments based on Polylactic Acid (PLA). To overcome this limitation of planar 3D printing, this paper describes a novel method of employing a multi-material 5-axis 3D printer to extrude conductive PLA in curved layers. The paper characterises changes in the resistivity of printed traces for angles of incline and curvatures using two commercial conductive PLA filaments. Conductive traces were printed via a custom-built desktop 5-axis 3D printer and a conventional multi-material MEX 3D printer. We found that 3D printing following a conformal approach can reduce the resistivity of the vertical conductive trace by more than 9 times. The paper concludes by successfully fabricating complex conductive patterns onto free-form doubly curved substrates.

Published
2023

17. Will a fee-for-service payment for a young people's health assessment in general practice increase the detection of health risk behaviours and health conditions? Protocol for a cluster randomised controlled trial (RAd Health Trial)

Author

Hocking, JS, Watson, C, Chondros, P, Sawyer, SM, Ride, J, Temple-Smith, M, Boyle, D, Skinner, R, Patton, GC, Lim, MSC, Pirkis, J, Johnson, C, Newton, S, Wardley, A, Blashki, G, Guy, R, Dalziel, K, Sanci, L, Hocking, JS, Watson, C, Chondros, P, Sawyer, SM, Ride, J, Temple-Smith, M, Boyle, D, Skinner, R, Patton, GC, Lim, MSC, Pirkis, J, Johnson, C, Newton, S, Wardley, A, Blashki, G, Guy, R, Dalziel, K, and Sanci, L

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Adolescence is a period of major transition in physical, cognitive, social and emotional development, and the peak time for the onset of mental health conditions, substance use disorders and sexual and reproductive health risks. Prevention and treatment during this time can improve health and well-being now and into the future. However, despite clinical guidelines recommending annual preventive health assessments for young people, health professionals cite lack of consultation time and adequate funding as key barriers. This trial aims to determine whether a specific fee-for-service ('rebate payment') for a young person's health assessment, is effective and cost-effective at increasing the detection and management of health risk behaviours and conditions among young people. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: This cluster randomised controlled trial will be conducted in Australian general practice. 42 general practices (clusters) will be randomly allocated 1:1 to either an intervention arm where general practitioners receive a rebate payment for each annual health assessment undertaken for 14-24-year-olds during a 2 year study period, or a control arm (no rebate). The rebate amount will be based on the Medical Benefits Schedule (Australia's list of health professional services subsidised by the Australian Government) currently available for similar age-based assessments. Our primary outcome will be the annual rate of risk behaviours and health conditions recorded in the patient electronic health record (eg, alcohol/drug use, sexual activity and mental health issues). Secondary outcomes include the annual rate of patient management activities related to health risks and conditions identified (eg, contraception prescribed, sexually transmitted infection tests ordered). A process evaluation will assess acceptability, adoption, fidelity and sustainability of the rebate; an economic evaluation will assess its cost-effectiveness. Analyses will be intention-to-treat. ETHICS

Published
2023

18. OP0185 IMMUNOPHENOTYPIC ABNORMALITIES REMINISCENT OF ESTABLISHED RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS ARE PRESENT IN ACPA(+) AT-RISK INDIVIDUALS

Author

Gillespie, M., primary, He, Z., additional, Rachid Zaim, S., additional, Okada, L., additional, Reading, J., additional, Heubeck, A., additional, Roll, C., additional, Genge, P., additional, Weiss, M., additional, Phalen, C., additional, Mettey, R., additional, Speake, C., additional, Buckner, J., additional, Boyle, D., additional, Demoruelle, K., additional, Kuhn, K. A., additional, Zhang, F., additional, Bumol, T., additional, Holers, V. M., additional, Skene, P., additional, LI, X. J., additional, Firestein, G., additional, Torgerson, T., additional, Deane, K., additional, and Savage, A., additional

Published
2023
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20. Digital Pathology for Reporting Histopathology Samples, Including Cancer Screening Samples – Definitive Evidence from a Multi-Site Study

Author

Azam, A. S., primary, Tsang, YW, additional, Thirlwall, J., additional, Kimani, Peter K., additional, Sah, S, additional, Gopalakrishnan, K, additional, Boyd, C, additional, Loughrey, MB, additional, Kelly, P. J., additional, Boyle, D. P., additional, Salto-Tellez, M, additional, Clark, D, additional, Ellis, IO, additional, Ilyas, M, additional, Rakha, E, additional, Bickers, A, additional, Roberts, Ian SD, additional, Soares, M. F., additional, Neil, Desley, additional, Takyi, A, additional, Raveendran, S, additional, Hero, E, additional, Evans, H, additional, Osman, R, additional, Fatima, K, additional, Hughes, RW, additional, Dunn, Janet, additional, Hiller, Bsc Louise, additional, and Snead, David Robert John, additional

Published
2023
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22. Determining Atmospheric Dust Concentrations During Strong Flow Perturbations Using a Digital-Optical Technique

Author

McAlpine, J., Koračin, D., Veropoulos, K., Boyle, D., McDonald, E., Lamorey, G., Hutchison, David, editor, Kanade, Takeo, editor, Kittler, Josef, editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., editor, Mattern, Friedemann, editor, Mitchell, John C., editor, Naor, Moni, editor, Nierstrasz, Oscar, editor, Pandu Rangan, C., editor, Steffen, Bernhard, editor, Sudan, Madhu, editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, editor, Tygar, Doug, editor, Vardi, Moshe Y., editor, Weikum, Gerhard, editor, Bebis, George, editor, Boyle, Richard, editor, Parvin, Bahram, editor, Koracin, Darko, editor, Paragios, Nikos, editor, Tanveer, Syeda-Mahmood, editor, Ju, Tao, editor, Liu, Zicheng, editor, Coquillart, Sabine, editor, Cruz-Neira, Carolina, editor, Müller, Torsten, editor, and Malzbender, Tom, editor

Published
2007
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26. Results and future plans of the Lithium Tokamak eXperiment (LTX)

Author

Schmitt, J.C., Abrams, T., Baylor, L.R., Berzak Hopkins, L., Biewer, T., Bohler, D., Boyle, D., Granstedt, E., Gray, T., Hare, J., Jacobson, C.M., Jaworski, M., Kaita, R., Kozub, T., LeBlanc, B., Lundberg, D.P., Lucia, M., Maingi, R., Majeski, R., Merino, E., Ryou, A., Shi, E., Squire, J., Stotler, D., Thomas, C.E., Tritz, K., and Zakharov, L.

Published
2013
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27. Minimally Invasive Online Water Monitor

Author

Holmes, A. S., primary, Kiziroglou, M. E., additional, Yang, S. K. E., additional, Yuan, C., additional, Boyle, D. E., additional, Lincoln, D. M., additional, McCabe, J. D. J., additional, Szasz, P., additional, Keeping, S. C., additional, Williams, D. R., additional, and Yeatman, E. M., additional

Published
2022
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32. The bioaccumulation testing strategy for nanomaterials: correlations with particle properties and a meta-analysis of in vitro fish alternatives to in vivo fish tests

Author

Handy, R.D., Clark, N.J., Boyle, D., Vassallo, J., Green, C., Nasser, F., Botha, T.L., Wepener, V., van den Brink, N.W., Svendsen, C., Handy, R.D., Clark, N.J., Boyle, D., Vassallo, J., Green, C., Nasser, F., Botha, T.L., Wepener, V., van den Brink, N.W., and Svendsen, C.

Abstract

For manufactured nanomaterials (MNs), given the breadth of forms produced, it is not ethical or practical to test all materials using vertebrates. This study aimed to show how alternative methods could predict the in vivo bioaccumulation potential of MNs in fish. This included exploring the physico-chemical properties of MNs as predictors of bioaccumulation, using the ex vivo gut sac technique to measure total metal uptake, and an in chemico digestibility assay to simulate the bioaccessible metal in the gut lumen of fish. An apparent plateau in net metal accumulation by rainbow trout was evident from data on dietary exposures to CuO nanoparticles (NPs), Ag NPs or Ag2S NPs in vivo. From the metal concentrations in the tissues compared to the diet, it was possible to derive nano biomagnification factors (nBMFs). The nBMF for the liver showed the best correlations with the physico-chemical parameters, with a significant correlation to the particle dissolution rate (Spearman's correlation, p < 0.01). Moreover, there was a significant relationship between the total metal released in the stomach compartment of the digestibility assay and the total metal concentration in the liver of trout in vivo (Pearson's correlation coefficient, p = 0.02), suggesting the in chemico digestibility assay can predict bioaccumulation potential. The ex vivo gut sac technique also gave good correlations to in vivo results, with r2 values between 0.8–0.9. In conclusion, the meta-analyses supports the development of an integrated and tiered approach to bioaccumulation testing that considers the 3Rs (replacement, reduction, refinement) and minimises the use of the fish bioaccumulation test (OECD TG 305), for nanomaterials.

Published
2022

33. Identifying primary care datasets and perspectives on their secondary use: a survey of Australian data users and custodians

Author

Canaway, R, Boyle, D, Manski-Nankervis, J-A, Gray, K, Canaway, R, Boyle, D, Manski-Nankervis, J-A, and Gray, K

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Most people receive most of their health care in in Australia in primary care, yet researchers and policymakers have limited access to resulting clinical data. Widening access to primary care data and linking it with hospital or other data can contribute to research informing policy and provision of services and care; however, limitations of primary care data and barriers to access curtail its use. The Australian Health Research Alliance (AHRA) is seeking to build capacity in data-driven healthcare improvement; this study formed part of its workplan. METHODS: The study aimed to build capacity for data driven healthcare improvement through identifying primary care datasets in Australia available for secondary use and understand data quality frameworks being applied to them, and factors affecting national capacity for secondary use of primary care data from the perspectives of data custodians and users. Purposive and snowball sampling were used to disseminate a questionnaire and respondents were invited to contribute additional information via semi-structured interviews. RESULTS: Sixty-two respondents collectively named 106 datasets from eclectic sources, indicating a broad conceptualisation of what a primary care dataset available for secondary use is. The datasets were generated from multiple clinical software systems, using different data extraction tools, resulting in non-standardised data structures. Use of non-standard data quality frameworks were described by two-thirds of data custodians. Building trust between citizens, clinicians, third party data custodians and data end-users was considered by many to be a key enabler to improve primary care data quality and efficiencies related to secondary use. Trust building qualities included meaningful stakeholder engagement, transparency, strong leadership, shared vision, robust data security and data privacy protection. Resources to improve capacity for primary care data access and use were sought for dat

Published
2022

34. Strengthening Care for Children (SC4C): protocol for a stepped wedge cluster randomised controlled trial of an integrated general practitioner-paediatrician model of primary care

Author

Khano, S, Sanci, L, Woolfenden, S, Zurynski, Y, Dalziel, K, Liaw, S-T, Boyle, D, Freed, GL, Moore, C, Hodgins, M, Le, J, Morris, TM, Germano, S, Wheeler, K, Lingam, R, Hiscock, H, Khano, S, Sanci, L, Woolfenden, S, Zurynski, Y, Dalziel, K, Liaw, S-T, Boyle, D, Freed, GL, Moore, C, Hodgins, M, Le, J, Morris, TM, Germano, S, Wheeler, K, Lingam, R, and Hiscock, H

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Australia's current healthcare system for children is neither sustainable nor equitable. As children (0-4 years) comprise the largest proportion of all primary care-type emergency department presentations, general practitioners (GPs) report feeling undervalued as an integral member of a child's care, and lacking in opportunities for support and training in paediatric conditions. This Strengthening Care for Children (SC4C) randomised trial aims to evaluate a novel, integrated GP-paediatrician model of care, that, if effective, will improve GP quality of care, reduce burden to hospital services and ensure children receive the right care, at the right time, closer to home. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: SC4C is a stepped wedge cluster randomised controlled trial (RCT) of 22 general practice clinics in Victoria and New South Wales, Australia. General practice clinics will provide control period data before being exposed to the 12-month intervention which will be rolled out sequentially each month (one clinic per state) until all 22 clinics receive the intervention. The intervention comprises weekly GP-paediatrician co-consultation sessions; monthly case discussions; and phone and email paediatrician support, focusing on common paediatric conditions. The primary outcome of the trial is to assess the impact of the intervention as measured by the proportion of children's (0-<18 years) GP appointments that result in a hospital referral, compared with the control period. Secondary outcomes include GP quality of care; GP experience and confidence in providing paediatric care; family trust in and preference for GP care; and the sustainability of the intervention. An implementation evaluation will assess the model to inform acceptability, adaptability, scalability and sustainability, while a health economic evaluation will measure the cost-effectiveness of the intervention. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: Human research ethics committee (HREC) approval was granted by The Royal C

Published
2022

48. Elective cancer surgery in COVID-19–Free surgical pathways during the SARS-cov-2 pandemic: An international, multicenter, comparative cohort study

Author

James C Glasbey, Dmitri Nepogodiev, Joana Ff Simoes, Omar Omar, Elizabeth Li, Mary L Venn, Mohammad Abou Chaar, Vita Capizzi, Daoud Chaudhry, Anant Desai, Jonathan G Edwards, Jonathan P Evans, Marco Fiore, Jose Flavio Videria, Samuel J Ford, Ian Ganyli, Ewen A Griffiths, Rohan R Gujjuri, Angelos G Kolias, Haytham Ma Kaafarani, Ana Minaya-Bravo, Siobhan C McKay, Helen M Mohan, Keith Roberts, Carlos San Miguel-Méndez, Peter Pockney, Richard Shaw, Neil J Smart, Grant D Stewart, Sudha Sundar, Raghavan Vidya, Aneel A Bhangu, James C Glasbey, Omar Omar, Aneel A Bhangu, Kwabena Siaw-Acheampong, Ruth A Benson, Edward Bywater, Daoud Chaudhry, Brett E Dawson, Jonathan P Evans, James C Glasbey, Rohan R Gujjuri, Emily Heritage, Conor S Jones, Sivesh K Kamarajah, Chetan Khatri, Rachel A Khaw, James M Keatley, Andrew Knight, Samuel Lawday, Elizabeth Li, Harvinder S Mann, Ella J Marson, Kenneth A McLean, Siobhan C McKay, Emily C Mills, Dmitri Nepogodiev, Gianluca Pellino, Maria Picciochi, Elliott H Taylor, Abhinav Tiwari, Joana Ff Simoes, Isobel M Trout, Mary L Venn, Richard Jw Wilkin, Aneel A Bhangu, James C Glasbey, Neil J Smart, Ana Minaya-Bravo, Jonathan P Evans, Gaetano Gallo, Susan Moug, Francesco Pata, Peter Pockney, Salomone Di Saverio, Abigail Vallance, Dale Vimalchandran, Ewen A Griffiths, Sivesh K Kamarajah, Richard Pt Evans, Philip Townend, Keith Roberts, Siobhan McKay, John Isaac, Sohei Satoi, John Edwards, Aman S Coonar, Adrian Marchbank, Edward J Caruana, Georgia R Layton, Akshay Patel, Alessandro Brunelli, Samuel Ford, Anant Desai, Alessandro Gronchi, Marco Fiore, Max Almond, Fabio Tirotta, Sinziana Dumitra, Angelos Kolias, Stephen J Price, Daniel M Fountain, Michael D Jenkinson, Peter Hutchinson, Hani J Marcus, Rory J Piper, Laura Lippa, Franco Servadei, Ignatius Esene, Christian Freyschlag, Iuri Neville, Gail Rosseau, Karl Schaller, Andreas K Demetriades, Faith Robertson, Alex Alamri, Richard Shaw, Andrew G Schache, Stuart C Winter, Michael Ho, Paul Nankivell, Juan Rey Biel, Martin Batstone, Ian Ganly, Raghavan Vidya, Alex Wilkins, Jagdeep K Singh, Dinesh Thekinkattil, Sudha Sundar, Christina Fotopoulou, Elaine Leung, Tabassum Khan, Luis Chiva, Jalid Sehouli, Anna Fagotti, Paul Cohen, Murat Gutelkin, Rahel Ghebre, Thomas Konney, Rene Pareja, Rob Bristow, Sean Dowdy, T S Shylasree, R Kottayasamy Seenivasagam, Joe Ng, Keiiji Fujiwara, Grant D Stewart, Benjamin Lamb, Krishna Narahari, Alan McNeill, Alexandra Colquhoun, John McGrath, Steve Bromage, Ravi Barod, Veeru Kasivisvanathan, Tobias Klatte, Joana Ff Simoes, Tom Ef Abbott, Sadi Abukhalaf, Michel Adamina, Adesoji O Ademuyiwa, Arnav Agarwal, Murat Akkulak, Ehab Alameer, Derek Alderson, Felix Alakaloko, Markus Albertsmeiers, Osaid Alser, Muhammad Alshaar, Sattar Alshryda, Alexis P Arnaud, Knut Magne Augestad, Faris Ayasra, José Azevedo, Brittany K Bankhead-Kendall, Emma Barlow, David Beard, Ruth A Benson, Ruth Blanco-Colino, Amanpreet Brar, Ana Minaya-Bravo, Kerry A Breen, Chris Bretherton, Igor Lima Buarque, Joshua Burke, Edward J Caruana, Mohammad Chaar, Sohini Chakrabortee, Peter Christensen, Daniel Cox, Moises Cukier, Miguel F Cunha, Giana H Davidson, Anant Desai, Salomone Di Saverio, Thomas M Drake, John G Edwards, Muhammed Elhadi, Sameh Emile, Shebani Farik, Marco Fiore, J Edward Fitzgerald, Samuel Ford, Tatiana Garmanova, Gaetano Gallo, Dhruv Ghosh, Gustavo Mendonça Ataíde Gomes, Gustavo Grecinos, Ewen A Griffiths, Madalegna GrÜndl, Constantine Halkias, Ewen M Harrison, Intisar Hisham, Peter J Hutchinson, Shelley Hwang, Arda Isik, Michael D Jenkinson, Pascal Jonker, Haytham Ma Kaafarani, Debby Keller, Angelos Kolias, Schelto Kruijff, Ismail Lawani, Hans Lederhuber, Sezai Leventoglu, Andrey Litvin, Andrew Loehrer, Markus W Löffler, Maria Aguilera Lorena, Maria Marta Modolo, Piotr Major, Janet Martin, Hassan N Mashbari, Dennis Mazingi, Symeon Metallidis, Ana Minaya-Bravo, Helen M Mohan, Rachel Moore, David Moszkowicz, Susan Moug, Joshua S Ng-Kamstra, Mayaba Maimbo, Ionut Negoi, Milagros Niquen, Faustin Ntirenganya, Maricarmen Olivos, Kacimi Oussama, Oumaima Outani, Marie Dione Parreno-Sacdalanm, Francesco Pata, Carlos Jose Perez Rivera, Thomas D Pinkney, Willemijn van der Plas, Peter Pockney, Ahmad Qureshi, Dejan Radenkovic, Antonio Ramos-De la Medina, Keith Roberts, April C Roslani, Martin Rutegård, Juan José Segura-Sampedro, Irène Santos, Sohei Satoi, Raza Sayyed, Andrew Schache, Andreas A Schnitzbauer, Justina O Seyi-Olajide, Neil Sharma, Richard Shaw, Sebastian Shu, Kjetil Soreide, Antonino Spinelli, Grant D Stewart, Malin Sund, Sudha Sundar, Stephen Tabiri, Philip Townend, Georgios Tsoulfas, Gabrielle H van Ramshorst, Raghavan Vidya, Dale Vimalachandran, Oliver J Warren, Duane Wedderburn, Naomi Wright, C Allemand, L Boccalatte, M Figari, M Lamm, J Larrañaga, C Marchitelli, F Noll, D Odetto, M Perrotta, J Saadi, L Zamora, C Alurralde, E L Caram, D Eskinazi, J P Mendoza, M Usandivaras, R Badra, A Esteban, J S García, P M García, J I Gerchunoff, S M Lucchini, M A NIgra, L Vargas, T Hovhannisyan, A Stepanyan, T Gould, R Gourlay, B Griffiths, S Gananadha, M McLaren, J Cecire, N Joshi, S Salindera, A Sutherland, J H Ahn, G Charlton, S Chen, N Gauri, R Hayhurst, S Jang, F Jia, C Mulligan, W Yang, G Ye, H Zhang, M Ballal, D Gibson, D Hayne, J Moss, T Richards, P Viswambaram, U G Vo, J Bennetts, T Bright, M Brooke-Smith, R Fong, B Gricks, Y H Lam, B S Ong, M Szpytma, D Watson, K Bagraith, S Caird, E Chan, C Dawson, D Ho, E Jeyarajan, S Jordan, A Lim, G J Nolan, A Oar, D Parker, H Puhalla, A Quennell, L Rutherford, P Townend, M Von Papen, M Wullschleger, A Blatt, D Cope, N Egoroff, M Fenton, J Gani, N Lott, P Pockney, N Shugg, M Elliott, D Phung, D Phan, D Townend, C Bong, J Gundara, A Frankel, S Bowman, G R Guerra, J Bolt, K Buddingh, N N Dudi-Venkata, S Jog, H M Kroon, T Sammour, R Smith, C Stranz, M Batstone, K Lah, W McGahan, D Mitchell, A Morton, A Pearce, M Roberts, G Sheahan, B Swinson, N Alam, S Banting, L Chong, P Choong, S Clatworthy, D Foley, A Fox, M W Hii, B Knowles, J Mack, M Read, A Rowcroft, S Ward, G Wright, M Lanner, I Königsrainer, M Bauer, C Freyschlag, M Kafka, F Messner, D Öfner, I Tsibulak, K Emmanuel, M Grechenig, R Gruber, M Harald, L Öhlberger, J Presl, A Wimmer, I Namazov, E Samadov, D Barker, R Boyce, S Corbin, A Doyle, A Eastmond, R Gill, A Haynes, S Millar, M O'Shea, G Padmore, N Paquette, E Phillips, S St John, K Walkes, N Flamey, P Pattyn, W Oosterlinck, J Van den Eynde, R Van den Eynde, A Gatti, C Nardi, R Oliva, R De Cicco, I Cecconello, P Gregorio, L Pontual Lima, U Ribeiro Junior, F Takeda, R M Terra, M Sokolov, B Kidane, S Srinathan, M Boutros, N Caminsky, G Ghitulescu, G Jamjoum, J Moon, J Pelletier, T Vanounou, S Wong, M Boutros, S Dumitra, A Kouyoumdjian, B Johnston, C Russell, M Boutros, S Demyttenaere, R Garfinkle, J Abou-Khalil, C Nessim, J Stevenson, F Heredia, A Almeciga, A Fletcher, A Merchan, L O Puentes, J Mendoza Quevedo, G Bacic, D Karlovic, D Krsul, M Zelic, I Luksic, M Mamic, B Bakmaz, I Coza, E Dijan, Z Katusic, J Mihanovic, I Rakvin, K Frantzeskou, N Gouvas, G Kokkinos, P Papatheodorou, I Pozotou, O Stavrinidou, A Yiallourou, L Martinek, M Skrovina, I Szubota, J Žatecký, V Javurkova, J Klat, T Avlund, P Christensen, J L Harbjerg, L H Iversen, D W Kjaer, Hø Kristensen, M Mekhael, A L Ebbehøj, P Krarup, N Schlesinger, H Smith, A Abdelsamed, A Y Azzam, H Salem, A Seleim, A Abdelmajeed, M Abdou, N E Abosamak, M Al Sayed, F Ashoush, R Atta, E Elazzazy, M Elhoseiny, M Elnemr, M S Elqasabi, M E Elsayed Hewalla, I Elsherbini, E Essam, M Eweda, I Ghallab, E Hassan, M Ibrahim, M Metwalli, M Mourad, M S Qatora, M Ragab, A Sabry, H Saifeldin, M Saleh Mesbah Mohamed Elkaffas, A Samih, A Samir Abdelaal, S Shehata, K Shenit, D Attia, N Kamal, N Osman, A M Abbas, Has Abd Elazeem, M M Abdelkarem, S Alaa, A K Ali, A Ayman, M G Azizeldine, H Elkhayat, S M Elghazaly, F A Monib, M A Nageh, M M Saad, M Salah, M Shahine, E A Yousof, A Youssef, A Eldaly, M ElFiky, A Nabil, G Amira, I Sallam, M Sherief, A Sherif, A Abdelrahman, H Aboulkassem, G Ghaly, R Hamdy, A Morsi, H Salem, G Sherif, H Abdeldayem, I Abdelkader Salama, M Balabel, Y Fayed, A E Sherif, D Bekele, J Kauppila, E Sarjanoja, O Helminen, H Huhta, J H Kauppila, C Beyrne, L Jouffret, L Lugans, L Marie-Macron, E Chouillard, B De Simone, J Bettoni, S Dakpé, B Devauchelle, N Lavagen, S Testelin, S Boucher, R Breheret, A Gueutier, A Kahn, J KÜn-Darbois, A Barrabe, Z Lakkis, A Louvrier, S Manfredelli, P Mathieu, A Chebaro, V Drubay, M El Amrani, C Eveno, K Lecolle, G Legault, L Martin, G Piessen, F R Pruvot, S Truant, P Zerbib, Q Ballouhey, B Barrat, J Laloze, H Salle, A Taibi, J Usseglio, D Bergeat, A Merdrignac, Roy B Le, L O Perotto, A Scalabre, A Aimé, A Ezanno, B Malgras, P Bouche, S Tzedakis, E Cotte, O Glehen, V Kepenekian, J Lifante, G Passot, A D'Urso, E Felli, D Mutter, P Pessaux, B Seeliger, J Bardet, R Berry, G Boddaert, S Bonnet, E Brian, C Denet, D Fuks, D Gossot, M Grigoroiu, A Laforest, Y Levy-Zauberman, C Louis-Sylvestre, A Moumen, G Pourcher, A Seguin-Givelet, E Tribillon, E Duchalais, F Espitalier, C Ferron, O Malard, U Bork, M Distler, J Fritzmann, J Kirchberg, C Praetorius, C Riediger, J Weitz, T Welsch, P Wimberger, K Beyer, C Kamphues, J Lauscher, F N Loch, C Schineis, M Albertsmeier, M Angele, A Kappenberger, H Niess, T Schiergens, J Werner, R Becker, J Jonescheit, I Pergolini, D Reim, C Boeker, I Hakami, J Mall, P Liokatis, W Smolka, K Nowak, T Reinhard, F Hölzle, A Modabber, P Winnand, M Knitschke, P Kauffmann, S Wolfer, J Kleeff, K Lorenz, C Michalski, U Ronellenfitsch, R Schneider, E Bertolani, A Königsrainer, M W Löffler, M Quante, C Steidle, L ÜberrÜck, C Yurttas, C S Betz, J Bewarder, A Böttcher, S Burg, C Busch, M Gosau, A Heuer, J Izbicki, T O Klatte, D Koenig, N Moeckelmann, C Nitschke, M Priemel, R Smeets, U Speth, S Thole, F G Uzunoglu, T Vollkommer, N Zeller, M J Battista, K Gillen, A Hasenburg, S Krajnak, V Linz, R Schwab, K Angelou, D Haidopoulos, A Rodolakis, P Antonakis, K Bramis, L Chardalias, I Contis, N Dafnios, D Dellaportas, G Fragulidis, A Gklavas, M Konstadoulakis, N Memos, I Papaconstantinou, A Polydorou, T Theodosopoulos, A Vezakis, M I Antonopoulou, D K Manatakis, N Tasis, N Arkadopoulos, N Danias, P Economopoulou, P Kokoropoulos, A Larentzakis, N Michalopoulos, J Selmani, T Sidiropoulos, V Tsaousis, P Vassiliu, K Bouchagier, S Klimopoulos, D Paspaliari, G Stylianidis, K Baxevanidou, K Bouliaris, P Chatzikomnitsa, M Efthimiou, A Giaglaras, C Kalfountzos, G Koukoulis, A M Ntziovara, K Petropoulos, K Soulikia, I Tsiamalou, K Zervas, S Zourntou, I Baloyiannis, A Diamantis, E Gkrinia, J Hajiioannou, C Korais, O Koukoura, K Perivoliotis, A Saratziotis, C Skoulakis, D Symeonidis, K Tepetes, G Tzovaras, D Zacharoulis, V Alexoudi, K Antoniades, I Astreidis, P Christidis, D Deligiannidis, T Grivas, O Ioannidis, I Kalaitsidou, L Loutzidou, A Mantevas, D Michailidou, K Paraskevopoulos, S Politis, A Stavroglou, D Tatsis, I Tilaveridis, K Vahtsevanos, G Venetis, I Karaitianos, T Tsirlis, A Charalabopoulos, T Liakakos, E Mpaili, D Schizas, E Spartalis, A Syllaios, C Zografos, C Anthoulakis, C Christou, V Papadopoulos, A Tooulias, D Tsolakidis, G Tsoulfas, D Zouzoulas, E Athanasakis, E Chrysos, J Tsiaoussis, S Xenaki, E Xynos, K Futaba, M F Ho, S F Hon, Twc Mak, Ssm Ng, C C Foo, B Banky, N Suszták, M Aremu, A Canas-Martinez, O Cullivan, C Murphy, P Owens, L Pickett, L Akmenkalne, J Byrne, M Corrigan, C Cullinane, A Daly, C Fleming, P Jordan, S Killeen, N Lynch, A McCarthy, H Mustafa, S O'Brien, P O'Leary, Was Syed, L Vernon, D Callanan, L Huang, A Ionescu, P Sheahan, I Balasubramanian, M Boland, K Conlon, D Evoy, N Fearon, T Gallagher, J Geraghty, H Heneghan, N Kennedy, D Maguire, D McCartan, E W McDermott, R S Prichard, D Winter, D Alazawi, C Barry, T Boyle, W Butt, E M Connolly, N Donlon, C Donohue, B A Fahey, R Farrell, C Fitzgerald, J Kinsella, J O Larkin, P Lennon, P J Maguire, P Mccormick, B J Mehigan, H Mohan, T Nugent, H O'Sullivan, N Ravi, J V Reynolds, A Rogers, P Shokuhi, J Smith, L A Smith, C Timon, Y Bashir, G Bass, T Connelly, B Creavin, H Earley, J A Elliott, A Gillis, D Kavanagh, P Neary, J O'riordan, I S Reynolds, D Rice, P Ridgway, M Umair, M Whelan, P Carroll, C Collins, K Corless, L Finnegan, A Fowler, A Hogan, M Kerin, A Lowery, P McAnena, K McKevitt, K Nizami, É Ryan, A Samy, J C Coffey, R Cunningham, M Devine, D Nally, C Peirce, S Tormey, N Hardy, P Neary, S O'Malley, M Ryan, S Macina, N M Mariani, E Opocher, A Pisani Ceretti, F Ferrari, F Odicino, E Sartori, C Cotsoglou, S Granieri, F Bianco, A Camillo, M Colledan, S Tornese, M F Zambelli, G Bissolotti, S Fusetti, F Lemma, M V Marino, A Mirabella, G Vaccarella, C Agostini, G Alemanno, I Bartolini, C Bergamini, A Bruscino, C Checcucci, R De Vincenti, A Di Bella, M Fambrini, L Fortuna, G Maltinti, P Muiesan, F Petraglia, P Prosperi, M N Ringressi, M Risaliti, F Sorbi, A Taddei, R Tucci, C Bassi, L Bortolasi, T Campagnaro, L Casetti, M De Pastena, A Esposito, M Fontana, A Guglielmi, L Landoni, G Malleo, G Marchegiani, S Nobile, S Paiella, C Pedrazzani, S Rattizzato, A Ruzzenente, R Salvia, G Turri, M Tuveri, P Bellora, G D'Aloisio, M Ferrari, E Francone, S Gentilli, H Nikaj, M Bianchini, M Chiarugi, F Coccolini, G Di Franco, N Furbetta, D Gianardi, S Guadagni, L Morelli, M Palmeri, D Tartaglia, G Anania, P Carcoforo, M Chiozza, A De Troia, M Koleva Radica, M Portinari, M G Sibilla, A Urbani, N Fabbri, C V Feo, S Gennari, S Parini, E Righini, L Ampollini, L Bellanti, M Bergonzani, G Bertoli, G Bocchialini, G D'Angelo, D Lanfranco, L Musini, T Poli, G P Santoro, A Varazzani, L Aguzzoli, G Borgonovo, C Castro Ruiz, S Coiro, G Falco, V D Mandato, V Mastrofilippo, M T Montella, V Annessi, M Zizzo, U Grossi, S Novello, M Romano, S Rossi, G Zanus, G Esposito, F Frongia, A Pisanu, M Podda, C Belluco, A Lauretta, G Montori, L Moras, M Olivieri, F Bussu, A G Carta, M L Cossu, P Cottu, A Fancellu, C F Feo, G C Ginesu, G Giuliani, M Madonia, T Perra, A Piras, A Porcu, D Rizzo, A M Scanu, A Tedde, M Tedde, P Delrio, D Rega, G Badalamenti, G Campisi, A Cordova, M Franza, G Maniaci, G Rinaldi, F Toia, M Calabrò, F Farnesi, E G Lunghi, A Muratore, N S Pipitone Federico, F Bàmbina, G D'Andrea, P Familiari, V Picotti, G De Palma, G Luglio, G Pagano, F P Tropeano, L Baldari, G A Beltramini, L Boni, E Cassinotti, A Gianni, L Pignataro, S Torretta, C Abatini, M Baia, D Biasoni, G Bogani, P Cadenelli, V Capizzi, Spb Cioffi, D Citterio, L V Comini, M Cosimelli, M Fiore, S Folli, M Gennaro, L Giannini, A Gronchi, M Guaglio, A Macchi, F Martinelli, V Mazzaferro, A Mosca, S Pasquali, C Piazza, F Raspagliesi, L Rolli, R Salvioni, G Sarpietro, C Sarre, L Sorrentino, A Agnes, S Alfieri, F Belia, A Biondi, V Cozza, A D'Amore, D D'Ugo, V De Simone, A Fagotti, G Gasparini, L Gordini, F Litta, C P Lombardi, L Lorenzon, A A Marra, F Marzi, A Moro, A Parello, E Perrone, R Persiani, C Ratto, F Rosa, G Saponaro, G Scambia, O Scrima, G Sganga, R Tudisco, A Belli, V Granata, F Izzo, R Palaia, R Patrone, F M Carrano, M M Carvello, A De Virgilio, F Di Candido, F Ferreli, F Gaino, G Mercante, V Rossi, A Spinelli, G Spriano, D M Donati, T Frisoni, E Palmerini, A Aprile, F Barra, P Batistotti, S Ferrero, P Fregatti, S Scabini, M Sparavigna, E Asti, D Bernardi, L Bonavina, A Lovece, L Adamoli, M Ansarin, S Cenciarelli, F Chu, R De Berardinis, U Fumagalli Romario, F Mastrilli, G Pietrobon, M Tagliabue, E Badellino, A Ferrero, R Massobrio, A De Manzoni Garberini, P Federico, P Maida, E Marra, G Marte, A Petrillo, T Tammaro, A Tufo, M Berselli, G Borroni, E Cocozza, L Conti, M Desio, L Livraghi, V Quintodei, A Rizzi, A Zullo, C Baldi, C Corbellini, G M Sampietro, P Cellerino, E Baldini, P Capelli, L Conti, S M Isolani, M Ribolla, A Bondurri, F Colombo, L Ferrario, C Guerci, A Maffioli, T Armao, M Ballabio, P Bisagni, A Gagliano, M Longhi, M Madonini, P PizziCni, A M Baietti, M Biasini, P Maremonti, F Neri, G M Prucher, S Ricci, F Ruggiero, A G Zarabini, R Barmasse, S Mochet, L Morelli, A Usai, F Bianco, P Incollingo, S Mancini, L Marino Cosentino, A Sagnotta, R Fruscio, T Grassi, L C Nespoli, N Tamini, A Anastasi, B Bartalucci, A Bellacci, G Canonico, L Capezzuoli, C Di Martino, P Ipponi, C Linari, M Montelatici, T Nelli, G Spagni, L Tirloni, A Vitali, E Abate, M Casati, T Casiraghi, L Laface, M Schiavo, A Arminio, A Cotoia, V Lizzi, F Vovola, R Vergari, S D'Ugo, N Depalma, M G Spampinato, P Bartolucci, G Brachini, P Bruzzaniti, A Chiappini, V Chiarella, F Ciccarone, P M Cicerchia, B Cirillo, G De Toma, A Di Bartolomeo, E Fiori, G B Fonsi, G Franco, A Frati, M Giugliano, I Iannone, F La Torre, P Lapolla, C Leonardo, G Marruzzo, S Meneghini, A Mingoli, D Ribuffo, M Salvati, A Santoro, P Sapienza, A K Scafa, L Simonelli, M Zambon, G T Capolupo, F Carannante, M Caricato, G Mascianà, E Mazzotta, A Gattolin, M Migliore, R Rimonda, D Sasia, E Travaglio, 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La Regina, F Mongelli, M Chevallay, O Dwidar, E Gialamas, M Sauvain, F Klenke, A Kollàr, C Kurze, M Adamina, T Bächler, A S Crugnale, M Giardini, L Guglielmetti, G Peros, F Solimene, A Aghayeva, I Hamzaoglu, I Sahin, E Akaydin, Z Aliyeva, E Aytac, B Baca, O DÜlgeroğlu, V Ozben, B B Ozmen, C Uras, A E Arikan, I A Bilgin, B Bozkirli, G O Ceyhan, H Kara, T Karahasanoglu, C Uras, H Celik, M M Meydanli, H Akilli, A Ayhan, E Kuscu, M A Onan, U Akgor, H A Dincer, T Erol, M Gultekin, N Orhan, N Ozgul, M C Salman, B Soyak, A Alhamed, S ErgÜn, M F OZcelik, A N Sanli, S S Uludag, M Velidedeoglu, A K Zengin, M A Bozkurt, Y Kara, A Kocatas, B Cimenoglu, R Demirhan, K Saracoglu, I F Azamat, E Balik, D Bugra, B Giray, C B Kulle, C Taskiran, D Vatansever, K Gözal, S A GÜler, H Köken, O C Tatar, N Z Utkan, A Yildirim, E YÜksel, E Akin, F Altintoprak, Z Bayhan, G Cakmak, R Çapoglu, F Çelebi, H Demir, E Dikicier, N Firat, E GönÜllÜ, M B Kamburoglu, B Kocer, I F KÜçÜk, B Mantoglu, E Çolak, G O Kucuk, M S 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Walker, S Waseem, S Yordanov, T Jones, A Kattakayam, C Loh, R Lunevicius, S Pringle, A Schache, R Shaw, A Sheel, C Rossborough, D Angelou, M Choynowski, B McAree, A McCanny, D Neely, G Tutoveanu, S Ahad, Mfi De La Cruz Monroy, F Mosley, V Oktseloglou, A Alanbuki, M Patel, A Shabana, E Perera, D Raveendran, K Ravi-Shankar, J Thiruchelvam, L Arrowsmith, W Campbell, T Grove, C Kontovounisios, O Warren, P Rolland, A Aggarwal, S Brown, C Jelley, N Neal, R Clifford, N Eardley, E Krishnan, N Manu, E Martin, S Roy Mahapatra, O L Serevina, C Smith, D Vimalachandran, M Bordenave, R Houston, G Putnam, A Robson, H Tustin, K Emslie, P L Labib, A Marchbank, D Miller, G Minto, J Natale, H Nwinee, P Panahi, L Rogers, A Abubakar, M M Akhter Rahman, E Chan, Kyk Ko, H O'Brien, K Sasapu, H Woodun, R Inglis, H J Ng, A De Gea Rico, N Ghazali, J Lambert, G Markose, S Math, I Sarantitis, D Shrestha, A Sultana, M Taggarsi, S Timbrell, O P Vaz, L Vitone, A Day, H Dent, M Fahim, S Waheed, A Hunt, N Laskar, A Gupta, J Steinke, S Thrumurthy, E Massie, K McGivern, D Rutherford, M Wilson, J Hardie, S Kazzaz, S Handa, M Kaushal, A Kler, P Patel, J Redfern, S Tezas, Y Aawsaj, S Amonkar, C Barry, L Blackwell, D Blake, J Carter, H Emerson, A Fisher, M Katory, P Korompelis, W McCormick, A Mustafa, L Pearce, N Ratnavelu, R Reehal, L Kretzmer, L Lalou, B Manku, I Parwaiz, J Stafford, M Abdelkarim, A Asqalan, T Gala, S Ibrahim, A Maw, R Mithany, R Morgan, G Sundaram Venkatesan, K Ang, E J Caruana, M F Chowdhry, A Mohammad, A Nakas, S Rathinam, M Boal, O Brown, S Dwerryhouse, S Higgs, A Vallance, E Boyd, V Irvine, A Kirk, G Bakolas, A Boulton, A Chandock, T Khan, M Kumar, P Agoston, A Bille, B Challacombe, S Fraser, K Harrison-Phipps, J King, G Mehra, L Mills, M Najdy, R Nath, L Okiror, J Pilling, V Rizzo, T Routledge, A Sayasneh, L Stroman, A Wali, M Fehervari, C Fotopoulou, N Habib, S Hamrang-Yousefi, Z Jawad, L Jiao, M Pai, J Ploski, P Rajagopal, S Saso, M Sodergren, D Spalding, S Laws, C Hardie, C McNaught, R Alam, A Budacan, J Cahill, M Kalkat, S Karandikar, L Kenyon, D Naumann, A Patel, J Ayorinde, T Chase, T Cuming, A Ghanbari, L Humphreys, S Tayeh, A Aboelkassem Ibrahim, R Bichoo, H Cao, Akw Chai, J Choudhury, C Evans, H Fitzjohn, H Ikram, M Langstroth, M Loubani, A McMillan, S Nazir, Ssa Qadri, A Robinson, E Ross, T Sehgal, A Wilkins, J Dixon, J Dunning, K Freystaetter, M Jha, S Lester, A Madhavan, S V Thulasiraman, Y Viswanath, T Curl-Roper, C Delimpalta, Ccl Liao, V Velchuru, E Westwood, E Belcher, G Bond-Smith, S Chidambaram, F Di Chiara, K Fasanmade, L Fraser, H Fu, M Ganau, S Gore, J Graystone, D Jeyaretna, H Khatkar, M Lami, M Maher, S Mastoridis, R Mihai, R Piper, S Prabhu, Obf Risk, U Selbong, K Shah, R Smillie, H Soleymani Majd, S Sravanam, D Stavroulias, G D Tebala, M Vatish, C Verberne, K Wallwork, S Winter, M I Bhatti, H Boyd-Carson, E Elsey, E Gemmill, P Herrod, M Jibreel, E Lenzi, T Saafan, D Sapre, T Sian, N Watson, A Athanasiou, G Bourke, L Bradshaw, A Brunelli, J Burke, P Coe, F Costigan, H Elkadi, M Ho, J Johnstone, A Kanatas, V Kantola, A Kaufmann, A Laios, S Lam, E MacInnes, S Munot, C Nahm, M Otify, C Pompili, I Smith, G Theophilou, G Toogood, R Wade, D Ward, C West, S Annamalai, C Ashmore, A Boddy, T Hossain, A Kourdouli, A Gvaramadze, A Jibril, L Prusty, D Thekkinkattil, A Harky, M Shackcloth, A Askari, C Chan, N Cirocchi, S Kudchadkar, K Patel, J Sagar, S Shaw, R Talwar, M Abdalla, R Edmondson, O Ismail, D Jones, K Newton, N Stylianides, A Aderombi, U Andaleeb, O Bajomo, K Beatson, W Garrett, M Mehmood, V Ng, R Al-Habsi, G S Divya, B Keeler, B Al-Sarireh, R Egan, R Harries, A Henry, M Kittur, Z Li, K Parkins, F Soliman, N Spencer, D Thompson, C Burgess, C Gemmell, C Grieco, M Hollyman, L Hunt, J Morrison, S Ojha, N Ryan, F Abbadessa, S Barnard, C Chan, N Dawe, J Hammond, Ali F Mahmoud, I McPherson, C Mellor, J Moir, S Pandanaboyana, J Powell, B Rai, A Rogers, C Roy, A Sachdeva, C Saleh, S Tingle, T Williams, J Manickavasagam, C McDonald, N McGrath, N McSorley, K Ragupathy, L Ramsay, A Solth, O Kakisi, K Seebah, I Shaikh, L Sreedharan, M Youssef, J Shah, P Ameerally, N McLarty, S Mills, A Shenfine, K Sahnan, J Abu, E Addae-Boateng, D Bratt, L Brock, N Burnside, S Cadwell-Sneath, K Gajjar, C Gan, C Grundy, K Hallam, K Hassell, M Hawari, A Joshi, H Khout, K Konstantinidi, Rxn Lee, D Nunns, R Schiemer, T Walton, H Weaver, L Whisker, K Williamson, J McVeigh, R Myatt, M A Williams, R Kaur, E Leung, S Sundar, M Michel, S Patil, S Ravindran, J Sarveswaran, L Scott, M Edmond, E King, M Almond, A Bhangu, O Breik, L D Cato, A Desai, S Ford, E Griffiths, M Idle, M Kamal, A Kisiel, R Kulkarni, Jkc Mak, T Martin, P Nankivell, A Parente, S Parmar, A M Pathanki, L Phelan, P Praveen, S Saeed, N Sharma, J Singh, F Tirotta, D Vijayan, A Geddes, J McCaul, J McMahon, A H Khan, F Khan, A Mansuri, S Mukherjee, M Patel, M Sarigul, S Singh, K L Tan, A Woodham, A Adiamah, H Brewer, A Chowdhury, J Evans, D Humes, J Jackman, A Koh, C Lewis-Lloyd, O Oyende, J Reilly, D Worku, P Cool, G Cribb, K Shepherd, C Bisset, S Moug, N Elson, G Faulkner, P Saleh, C Underwood, G Brixton, L Findlay, T Klatte, A Majkowska, J Manson, R Potter, A Bhalla, Z Chia, P Daliya, A Goyal, E Grimley, A Hamad, A Kumar, F L Malcolm, E Theophilidou, J Bowden, N Campain, I Daniels, C Evans, G Fowler, J John, L Massey, F McDermott, J McGrath, A McLennan, M Ng, J Pascoe, N Rajaretnam, S Bulathsinhala, B Davidson, G Fusai, C Hidalgo Salinas, N Machairas, T Pissanou, J M Pollok, D A Raptis, F Soggiu, H Tzerbinis, S E Xyda, A Beamish, E Davies, R Foulkes, D Magowan, H Nassa, R Ooi, C Price, L Smith, F Solari, A Tang, G Williams, Y Al-Tamimi, A Bacon, N Beasley, D Chew, M Crank, N Ilenkovan, M Macdonald, B Narice, O Rominiyi, A Thompson, I Varley, T Drake, E Harrison, G Linder, J Mayes, R McGregor, R Skipworth, V Zamvar, E Davies, P Hawkin, T Raymond, O Ryska, R Baron, D Dunne, S Gahunia, C Halloran, N Howes, R McKinney, F McNicol, J Russ, P Szatmary, J R Tan, A Thomas, P Whelan, A Anzak, A Banerjee, O Fuwa, F Hughes, J D Jayasinghe, C Knowles, H Kocher, I Leal Silva, F S Ledesma, A Minicozzi, L Navaratne, R Rahman, R Ramamoorthy, C Sohrabi, M Thaha, B Thakur, M Venn, V Yip, R Baumber, J Parry, S Evans, L Jeys, G Morris, M Parry, J Stevenson, N Ahmadi, G Aresu, Z M Barrett-Brown, A S Coonar, H Durio Yates, D Gearon, J Hogan, M King, A Peryt, I S Pradeep, C Smith, M Adishesh, R Atherton, K Baxter, M Brocklehurst, M Chaudhury, N Krishnamohan, J McAleer, G Owens, E Parkin, P Patkar, I Phang, A Aladeojebi, M Ali, B Barmayehvar, A Gaunt, M Gowda, E Halliday, M Kitchen, F Mansour, M Thomas, D Zakai, N Abbassi-Ghadi, H Assalaarachchi, A Currie, M Flavin, A Frampton, M Hague, C Hammer, J Hopper, J Horsnell, S Humphries, A Kamocka, T K Madhuri, S Preston, P Singh, J Stebbing, A Tailor, D Walker, F Aljanadi, M Jones, P Mhandu, C O'Donnell, R Turkington, Z Al-Ishaq, S Bhasin, A S Bodla, A Burahee, A Crichton, R Fossett, N Pigadas, S Pickford, E Rahman, D Snee, R Vidya, N Yassin, F Colombo, D Fountain, M T Hasan, K Karabatsou, R Laurente, O Pathmanaban, A Al-Mukhtar, S Brown, J Edwards, A Giblin, C Kelty, M Lee, G Lye, T Newman, A Sharkey, C Steele, N Sureshkumar Shah, E Whitehall, R Athwal, A Baker, L Jones, C Konstantinou, S Ramcharan, S Singh, J Vatish, R Wilkin, M Ethunandan, G K Sekhon, H Shields, R Singh, F Wensley, S Lawday, A Lyons, T Abbott, S Anwar, K Ghufoor, C Sohrabi, E Chung, R Hagger, A Hainsworth, A Karim, H Owen, A Ramwell, K Williams, C Baker, A Davies, J Gossage, M Kelly, W Knight, J Hall, G Harris, G James, C Kang, D J Lin, A D Rajgor, T Royle, R Scurrah, B Steel, L J Watson, D Choi, R Hutchison, A Jain, V Luoma, H Marcus, R May, A Menon, B Pramodana, L Webber, I A Aneke, P Asaad, B Brown, J Collis, S Duff, A Khan, F Moura, B Wadham, H Warburton, T Elmoslemany, M Jenkinson, C Millward, R Zakaria, S Mccluney, C Parmar, S Shah, J Allison, M S Babar, B Collard, S Goodrum, K Lau, A Patel, R Scott, E Thomas, H Whitmore, D Balasubramaniam, B Jayasankar, S Kapoor, A Ramachandran, A Elhamshary, Smb Imam, K Kapriniotis, V Kasivisvanathan, J Lindsay, S Rakhshani-Moghadam, N Beech, M Chand, L Green, N Kalavrezos, H Kiconco, R McEwen, C Schilling, D Sinha, J Pereca, J Singh, S Chopra, D Egbeare, R Thomas, T Combellack, Sef Jones, M Kornaszewska, M Mohammed, A Sharma, G Tahhan, V Valtzoglou, J Williams, P Eskander, K Gash, L Gourbault, M Hanna, T Maccabe, C Newton, J Olivier, S Rozwadowski, E Teh, D West, H Al-Omishy, M Baig, H Bates, G Di Taranto, K Dickson, N Dunne, C Gill, D Howe, D Jeevan, A Khajuria, K Martin-Ucar AMcEvoy, P Naredla, V Ng, S Robertson, M Sait, D R Sarma, S Shanbhag, T Shortland, S Simmonds, J Skillman, N Tewari, G Walton, M A Akhtar, A Brunt, J McIntyre, K Milne, M M Rashid, A Sgro, K E Stewart, A Turnbull, M Aguilar Gonzalez, S Talukder, C Boyle, D Fernando, K Gallagher, A Laird, D Tham, M Bath, P Patki, C Sohrabi, C Tanabalan, T Arif, C Magee, T Nambirajan, S Powell, R Vinayagam, I Flindall, A Hanson, V Mahendran, S Green, M Lim, L MacDonald, V Miu, L Onos, K Sheridan, R Young, F Alam, O Griffiths, C Houlden, R Jones, V S Kolli, A K Lala, S Leeson, R Peevor, Z Seymour, L Chen, E Henderson, A Loehrer, K Brown, D Fleming, A Haynes, C Heron, C Hill, H Kay, E Leede, K McElhinney, K Olson, E C Osterberg, C Riley, P Srikanth, M Thornhill, D Blazer, G DiLalla, E S Hwang, W Lee, M Lidsky, J Plichta, L Rosenberger, R Scheri, K Shah, K Turnage, J Visgauss, S Zani, J Farma, J Clark, D Kwon, E Etchill, H E Gabre-Kidan AJenny, A Kent, M Ladd, C Long, H Malapati, A Margalit, S Rapaport, J Rose, K Stevens, L Tsai, D Vervoort, P Yesantharao, A Dehal, D Klaristenfeld, K Huynh, L Brown, I Ganly, J Mullinax, N Gusani, J Hazelton, J Maines, J S Oh, A Ssentongo, P Ssentongo, M Azam, A Choudhry, W Marx, J Fleming, A Fuson, J Gigliotti, A Ovaitt, Y Ying, M K Abel, V Andaya, K Bigay, M A Boeck, L Chen, H Chern, C Corvera, I El-Sayed, A Glencer, P Ha, Bcs Hamilton, C Heaton, K Hirose, D M Jablons, K Kirkwood, L Z Kornblith, J R Kratz, R Lee, P N Miller, E Nakakura, B Nunez-Garcia, R O'Donnell, D Ozgediz, P Park, B Robinson, A Sarin, B Sheu, M Varma, K Wai, R Wustrack, M J Xu, D Beswick, J Goddard, J Manor, J Song, T Fullmer, C Gaskill, N Gross, K Kiong, C L Roland, S N Zafar, M Abdallah, A Abouassi, M Almasri, G Kulkarni, H Marwan, M Mehdi, S Aoun, V S Ban, H H Batjer, J Caruso, D Abbott, A Acher, T Aiken, J Barrett, E Foley, P Schwartz, S N Zafar, A Hawkins, A Maiga, J Laufer, S Scasso

Subjects
Aged, 80 and over, Male, Critical Care, SARS-CoV-2, International Cooperation, COVID-19, Middle Aged, Cohort Studies, Logistic Models, Postoperative Complications, Elective Surgical Procedures, Neoplasms, Outcome Assessment, Health Care, Humans, Female, Epidemics, Aged
Abstract

PURPOSE As cancer surgery restarts after the first COVID-19 wave, health care providers urgently require data to determine where elective surgery is best performed. This study aimed to determine whether COVID-19–free surgical pathways were associated with lower postoperative pulmonary complication rates compared with hospitals with no defined pathway. PATIENTS AND METHODS This international, multicenter cohort study included patients who underwent elective surgery for 10 solid cancer types without preoperative suspicion of SARS-CoV-2. Participating hospitals included patients from local emergence of SARS-CoV-2 until April 19, 2020. At the time of surgery, hospitals were defined as having a COVID-19–free surgical pathway (complete segregation of the operating theater, critical care, and inpatient ward areas) or no defined pathway (incomplete or no segregation, areas shared with patients with COVID-19). The primary outcome was 30-day postoperative pulmonary complications (pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome, unexpected ventilation). RESULTS Of 9,171 patients from 447 hospitals in 55 countries, 2,481 were operated on in COVID-19–free surgical pathways. Patients who underwent surgery within COVID-19–free surgical pathways were younger with fewer comorbidities than those in hospitals with no defined pathway but with similar proportions of major surgery. After adjustment, pulmonary complication rates were lower with COVID-19–free surgical pathways (2.2% v 4.9%; adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.62; 95% CI, 0.44 to 0.86). This was consistent in sensitivity analyses for low-risk patients (American Society of Anesthesiologists grade 1/2), propensity score–matched models, and patients with negative SARS-CoV-2 preoperative tests. The postoperative SARS-CoV-2 infection rate was also lower in COVID-19–free surgical pathways (2.1% v 3.6%; aOR, 0.53; 95% CI, 0.36 to 0.76). CONCLUSION Within available resources, dedicated COVID-19–free surgical pathways should be established to provide safe elective cancer surgery during current and before future SARS-CoV-2 outbreaks.

Published
2021

50. Clinical care of pregnant and postpartum women with COVID-19: Living recommendations from the National COVID-19 Clinical Evidence Taskforce.

Author

Burgess P., Morphet J., Nou S., Russo P., Sarson M., Young A., Norris S., Morris-Donovan B., Gurry S., Hudson E., Hurley S., Primmer D., Timms S., Whicker S., Mukherjee S., Booth K., Cameron P., Cooper M., Cheng A., Fowler P., Frydenberg M., McGloughlin S., McPhee E., Mitchell B., O'Donnell C., Parr M., Phillips J., Varndell W., Whyte I., Randall R., Brightwell R., Condon L., Deshpande A., Ehm A., Ferrie M., Muller J., Pullin L., Robinson E., Witt A., Larkins S., Morgan M., Taylor G., Agostino J., Douglas K., Ewald B., Fornasier D., Knight S., Nelson C., Peachey L., Peiris D., Driel M., Walters L., Weaver I., Burr L., Hendel S., Shekar K., Avard B., Cairns K., Glanville A., Gilroy N., Myles P., O'Sullivan R., Robinson O., Sharland C., McCarthy S., Wark P., McGoughlin S., Hodgson C., Ankravs M., Hansen K., Huckson S., Iredell J., Janerka C., Jaspers R., Litton E., Macdonald S., Peake S., Bowen A., McMullan B., Tingay D., Vasilunas N., Anderson L., Best J., Burns P., Erickson S., Fancourt N., Goff Z., Kapuya V., Keyte C., Malyon L., Wurzel D., Agar M., Lindley R., Smallwood N., Callary M., Chapman M., Good P., Jenkin P., Morgan D., Naganathan V., Srikanth V., Tuffin P., Whiting E., William L., Yates P., Barber B., Davies J., Davis J., Gwee A., Leder K., Matthews G., McMahon J., Peel T., Raftery C., Rees M., Roberts J., Seppelt I., Wibrow B., Baker R., Curnow J., Cutts B., Enjeti A., Forbes A., Ho P., Holyoak A., Liley H., McFadyen J., McQuilten Z., Merriman E., Savoia H., Tan C.W., Tran H., Ward C., Williams K., Ballard N., Bendall S., Bhanderi N., Byers L., Craig S., Ellis D., Ewald D., Fairley C., Hoggard B., Cong M.L., Morley P., Nair P., Pearce A., Turner T., Callesen H., Campbell S., Ring J., Wilson A., Henry D., Pearson S., Boyle D., Chidwick K., Chapman W., French C., Pearce C., Snelling T., Bero L., Grundy Q., Lexchin J., Mintzes B., Vogel J.P., Tendal B., Giles M., Whitehead C., Burton W., Chakraborty S., Cheyne S., Downton T., Fraile Navarro D., Gleeson G., Gordon A., Hunt J., Kitschke J., McDonald S., McDonnell N., Middleton P., Millard T., Murano M., Oats J., Tate R., White H., Elliott J., Roach V., Homer C.S.E., McGowan S., Ballenden N., Barrett T.-L., Beavis V., Saunders J.B., Buchanan T., Buchanan-Grey M., Casey D., Cowie M., Doyle J., Gnjidic D., Green S., Greenland R., Griffin K., Groombridge S., Hardy L., Hodak A., Holley A., Jovanovska V., Michaels K., Burgess P., Morphet J., Nou S., Russo P., Sarson M., Young A., Norris S., Morris-Donovan B., Gurry S., Hudson E., Hurley S., Primmer D., Timms S., Whicker S., Mukherjee S., Booth K., Cameron P., Cooper M., Cheng A., Fowler P., Frydenberg M., McGloughlin S., McPhee E., Mitchell B., O'Donnell C., Parr M., Phillips J., Varndell W., Whyte I., Randall R., Brightwell R., Condon L., Deshpande A., Ehm A., Ferrie M., Muller J., Pullin L., Robinson E., Witt A., Larkins S., Morgan M., Taylor G., Agostino J., Douglas K., Ewald B., Fornasier D., Knight S., Nelson C., Peachey L., Peiris D., Driel M., Walters L., Weaver I., Burr L., Hendel S., Shekar K., Avard B., Cairns K., Glanville A., Gilroy N., Myles P., O'Sullivan R., Robinson O., Sharland C., McCarthy S., Wark P., McGoughlin S., Hodgson C., Ankravs M., Hansen K., Huckson S., Iredell J., Janerka C., Jaspers R., Litton E., Macdonald S., Peake S., Bowen A., McMullan B., Tingay D., Vasilunas N., Anderson L., Best J., Burns P., Erickson S., Fancourt N., Goff Z., Kapuya V., Keyte C., Malyon L., Wurzel D., Agar M., Lindley R., Smallwood N., Callary M., Chapman M., Good P., Jenkin P., Morgan D., Naganathan V., Srikanth V., Tuffin P., Whiting E., William L., Yates P., Barber B., Davies J., Davis J., Gwee A., Leder K., Matthews G., McMahon J., Peel T., Raftery C., Rees M., Roberts J., Seppelt I., Wibrow B., Baker R., Curnow J., Cutts B., Enjeti A., Forbes A., Ho P., Holyoak A., Liley H., McFadyen J., McQuilten Z., Merriman E., Savoia H., Tan C.W., Tran H., Ward C., Williams K., Ballard N., Bendall S., Bhanderi N., Byers L., Craig S., Ellis D., Ewald D., Fairley C., Hoggard B., Cong M.L., Morley P., Nair P., Pearce A., Turner T., Callesen H., Campbell S., Ring J., Wilson A., Henry D., Pearson S., Boyle D., Chidwick K., Chapman W., French C., Pearce C., Snelling T., Bero L., Grundy Q., Lexchin J., Mintzes B., Vogel J.P., Tendal B., Giles M., Whitehead C., Burton W., Chakraborty S., Cheyne S., Downton T., Fraile Navarro D., Gleeson G., Gordon A., Hunt J., Kitschke J., McDonald S., McDonnell N., Middleton P., Millard T., Murano M., Oats J., Tate R., White H., Elliott J., Roach V., Homer C.S.E., McGowan S., Ballenden N., Barrett T.-L., Beavis V., Saunders J.B., Buchanan T., Buchanan-Grey M., Casey D., Cowie M., Doyle J., Gnjidic D., Green S., Greenland R., Griffin K., Groombridge S., Hardy L., Hodak A., Holley A., Jovanovska V., and Michaels K.

Abstract

To date, 18 living recommendations for the clinical care of pregnant and postpartum women with COVID-19 have been issued by the National COVID-19 Clinical Evidence Taskforce. This includes recommendations on mode of birth, delayed umbilical cord clamping, skin-to-skin contact, breastfeeding, rooming-in, antenatal corticosteroids, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, disease-modifying treatments (including dexamethasone, remdesivir and hydroxychloroquine), venous thromboembolism prophylaxis and advanced respiratory support interventions (prone positioning and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation). Through continuous evidence surveillance, these living recommendations are updated in near real-time to ensure clinicians in Australia have reliable, evidence-based guidelines for clinical decision-making. Please visit https://covid19evidence.net.au/ for the latest recommendation updates.Copyright © 2020 The Authors. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology published by John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd on behalf of Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists

Published
2021

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