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1,619 results on '"Bradford, Mark A."'

3. Biological and Environmental Research Exascale Requirements Review. An Office of Science review sponsored jointly by Advanced Scientific Computing Research and Biological and Environmental Research, March 28-31, 2016, Rockville, Maryland

Author

Arkin, Adam, Bader, David C, Coffey, Richard, Antypas, Katie, Bard, Deborah, Dart, Eli, Dosanjh, Sudip, Gerber, Richard, Hack, James, Monga, Inder, Papka, Michael E, Riley, Katherine, Rotman, Lauren, Straatsma, Tjerk, Wells, Jack, Aluru, Srinivas, Andersen, Amity, Aprá, Edoardo, Azad, Ariful, Bates, Susan, Blaby, Ian, Blaby-Haas, Crysten, Bonneau, Rich, Bowen, Ben, Bradford, Mark A, Brodie, Eoin, Brown, James Ben, Buluc, Aydin, Bernholdt, David, Bylaska, Eric, Calvin, Kate, Cannon, Bill, Chen, Xingyuan, Cheng, Xiaolin, Cheung, Margaret, Chowdhary, Kenny, Colella, Phillip, Collins, Bill, Compo, Gil, Crowley, Mike, Debusschere, Bert, D’Imperio, Nicholas, Dror, Ron, Egan, Rob, Evans, Katherine, Friedberg, Iddo, Fyke, Jeremy, Gao, Zheng, Georganas, Evangelos, Giraldo, Frank, Gnanakaran, Gnana, Govind, Niri, Grandy, Stuart, Gustafson, Bill, Hammond, Glenn, Hargrove, William, Heroux, Michael, Hoffman, Forrest, Hofmeyr, Steven, Hunke, Elizabeth, Jackson, Charles, Jacob, Rob, Jacobson, Dan, Jacobson, Matt, Jain, Chirag, Johansen, Hans, Johnson, Jeff, Jones, Andy, Jones, Phil, Kalyanaraman, Ananth, Kang, Senghwa, King, Eric, Koanantakool, Penporn, Kollias, Pavlos, Kopera, Michal, Kotamarthi, Rao, Kowalski, Karol, Kumar, Jitendra, Kyrpides, Nikos, Leung, Ruby, Li, Xiaolin, Lin, Wuyin, Link, Robert, Liu, Yangang, Loew, Leslie, Luke, Edward, Ma, Hsi-Yen, Mahadevan, Radhakrishnan, Maranas, Costas, Martin, Daniel, Maslowski, Wieslaw, McCue, Lee Ann, McInnes, Lois Curfman, Mills, Richard, Molins Rafa, Sergi, Morozov, Dmitriy, Mostafavi, Sara, Moulton, David J, Mourao, Zenaida, and Najm, Habib

Published
2022

8. Coarse woody debris accelerates the decomposition of deadwood inputs across temperate forest

Author

Bradford, Mark A., Veen, G. F. Ciska, Bradford, Ella M., Covey, Kristofer R., Crowther, Thomas W., Fields, Nicholas, Frankson, Paul T., González-Rivero, Javier, Jevon, Fiona V., Kuebbing, Sara E., McBride, Steven, Mohan, Jacqueline E., Oldfield, Emily E., Oliverio, Angela M., Polussa, Alexander, Steinrueck, Corinna, Strickland, Michael S., Ward, Elisabeth B., Wepking, Carl, and Maynard, Daniel S.

Published
2023
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9. Biogenic factors explain soil carbon in paired urban and natural ecosystems worldwide

Author

Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel, García-Palacios, Pablo, Bradford, Mark A., Eldridge, David J., Berdugo, Miguel, Sáez-Sandino, Tadeo, Liu, Yu-Rong, Alfaro, Fernando, Abades, Sebastian, Bamigboye, Adebola R., Bastida, Felipe, Blanco-Pastor, José L., Duran, Jorge, Gaitan, Juan J., Illán, Javier G., Grebenc, Tine, Makhalanyane, Thulani P., Jaiswal, Durgesh Kumar, Nahberger, Tina U., Peñaloza-Bojacá, Gabriel F., Rey, Ana, Rodríguez, Alexandra, Siebe, Christina, Teixido, Alberto L., Sun, Wei, Trivedi, Pankaj, Verma, Jay Prakash, Wang, Ling, Wang, Jianyong, Yang, Tianxue, Zaady, Eli, Zhou, Xiaobing, Zhou, Xin-Quan, and Plaza, César

Published
2023
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23. Arctic Soil Governs Whether Climate Change Drives Global Losses or Gains in Soil Carbon

Author

Wieder, William R, Sulman, Benjamin N, Hartman, Melannie D, Koven, Charles D, and Bradford, Mark A

Subjects
Climate Change Impacts and Adaptation, Agricultural, Veterinary and Food Sciences, Environmental Sciences, Forestry Sciences, Climate Action, soil carbon, biogeochemistry, models, microbial explicit, carbon cycle, Arctic, Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Abstract

Key uncertainties in terrestrial carbon cycle projections revolve around the timing, direction, and magnitude of the carbon cycle feedback to climate change. This is especially true in carbon-rich Arctic ecosystems, where permafrost soils contain roughly one third of the world's soil carbon stocks, which are likely vulnerable to loss. Using an ensemble of soil biogeochemical models that reflect recent changes in the conceptual understanding of factors responsible for soil carbon persistence, we quantify potential soil carbon responses under two representative climate change scenarios. Our results illustrate that models disagree on the sign and magnitude of global soil changes through 2100, with disagreements primarily driven by divergent responses of Arctic systems. These results largely reflect different assumptions about the nature of soil carbon persistence and vulnerabilities, underscoring the challenges associated with setting allowable greenhouse gas emission targets that will limit global warming to 1.5°C.

Published
2019

32. Multiple models and experiments underscore large uncertainty in soil carbon dynamics

Author

Sulman, Benjamin N, Moore, Jessica AM, Abramoff, Rose, Averill, Colin, Kivlin, Stephanie, Georgiou, Katerina, Sridhar, Bhavya, Hartman, Melannie D, Wang, Gangsheng, Wieder, William R, Bradford, Mark A, Luo, Yiqi, Mayes, Melanie A, Morrison, Eric, Riley, William J, Salazar, Alejandro, Schimel, Joshua P, Tang, Jinyun, and Classen, Aimée T

Subjects
Environmental Sciences, Environmental Management, Climate Action, Life on Land, Soil organic carbon, Warming, Modeling, Meta-analysis, Litter addition, Decomposition, Other Chemical Sciences, Geochemistry, Environmental Science and Management, Agronomy & Agriculture, Environmental management
Abstract

Soils contain more carbon than plants or the atmosphere, and sensitivities of soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks to changing climate and plant productivity are a major uncertainty in global carbon cycle projections. Despite a consensus that microbial degradation and mineral stabilization processes control SOC cycling, no systematic synthesis of long-term warming and litter addition experiments has been used to test process-based microbe-mineral SOC models. We explored SOC responses to warming and increased carbon inputs using a synthesis of 147 field manipulation experiments and five SOC models with different representations of microbial and mineral processes. Model projections diverged but encompassed a similar range of variability as the experimental results. Experimental measurements were insufficient to eliminate or validate individual model outcomes. While all models projected that CO2 efflux would increase and SOC stocks would decline under warming, nearly one-third of experiments observed decreases in CO2 flux and nearly half of experiments observed increases in SOC stocks under warming. Long-term measurements of C inputs to soil and their changes under warming are needed to reconcile modeled and observed patterns. Measurements separating the responses of mineral-protected and unprotected SOC fractions in manipulation experiments are needed to address key uncertainties in microbial degradation and mineral stabilization mechanisms. Integrating models with experimental design will allow targeting of these uncertainties and help to reconcile divergence among models to produce more confident projections of SOC responses to global changes.

Published
2018

34. A common ericoid shrub modulates the diversity and structure of fungal communities across an arbuscular to ectomycorrhizal tree dominance gradient.

Author

Polussa, Alexander, Ward, Elisabeth B, Bradford, Mark A, and Oliverio, Angela M

Abstract

Differences between arbuscular (AM) and ectomycorrhizal (EcM) trees strongly influence forest ecosystem processes, in part through their impact on saprotrophic fungal communities. Ericoid mycorrhizal (ErM) shrubs likely also impact saprotrophic communities given that they can shape nutrient cycling by slowing decomposition rates and intensifying nitrogen limitation. We investigated the depth distributions of saprotrophic and EcM fungal communities in paired subplots with and without a common understory ErM shrub, mountain laurel (Kalmia latifolia L.), across an AM to EcM tree dominance gradient in a temperate forest by analyzing soils from the organic, upper mineral (0–10 cm), and lower mineral (cumulative depth of 30 cm) horizons. The presence of K. latifolia was strongly associated with the taxonomic and functional composition of saprotrophic and EcM communities. Saprotrophic richness was consistently lower in the Oa horizon when this ErM shrub species was present. However, in AM tree-dominated plots, the presence of the ErM shrub was associated with a higher relative abundance of saprotrophs. Given that EcM trees suppress both the diversity and relative abundance of saprotrophic communities, our results suggest that separate consideration of ErM shrubs and EcM trees may be necessary when assessing the impacts of plant mycorrhizal associations on belowground communities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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