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O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a influência do exercício físico aeróbio (EFA) associado às estatinas, no controle do perfil lipídico. Este estudo experimental utilizou ratos Wistar submetidos à dieta hipercolesterolêmica (DH) e simvastatina, com EFA (G1) e sedentarismo (G2); DH e fluvastatina, com EFA (G3) e sedentarismo (G4); ração comercial, com EFA (G5) e sedentarismo (G6); DH, com EFA (G7) e sedentarismo (G8). O EFA foi realizado em esteira rolante durante oito semanas. Na análise comparativa considerou-se nível de significância para p? 0,05. Notou-se redução significante no nível de colesterol total (CT) associado à EFA (62,5?7 a 73,2?22,9mg/dL), exceto em G1 (103,3?37,6mg/dL), comparado a sedentarismo (variação entre 81,7?19,8 a 112?25,9mg/dL). Observou-se redução nos níveis de HDLc nos grupos submetidos a DH, com EFA (G7=12,1?2,6mg/dL) ou sedentarismo (G8=15,2?2,9mg/dL), comparado aos demais (variação entre 25,1?10 a 41,4?8,8mg/dL). Houve aumento da fração não-HDLc em G1, G6 e G8 (76,8?28,4; 71,4?19,9; 62,9?17,3mg/dL, respectivamente), comparado aos demais (variação entre 45,4?15,3 a 52,8?18mg/dL). Notou-se, ainda, redução nos níveis de triglicérides nos grupos com DH e hipolipemiante, com EFA (G3=53,3?33mg/dL) e sedentarismo (G2=45,1?20,0 e G4=79,3?23,3mg/dL), exceto em G1 (89,6?30,4mg/dL), e G6 (108,2?20,6mg/dL). Conclui-se que o EFA associado à fluvastatina parece potencializar o tratamento de dislipidemia, considerando a redução nos níveis de CT, comparado a simvastatina, no entanto, alterações em HDLc são resistentes mesmo com EFA e hipolipemiantes. A variação nos níveis de triglicérides e não-HDLc dificulta avaliar a associação entre EFA e hipolipemiantes, exigindo estudos mais amplos.

Objective: To evaluate the influence of pulmonary hypertension in the ultra-fast-track anesthesia technique in adult cardiac surgery. Methods: A retrospective study. They were included 40 patients divided into two groups: GI (without pulmonary hypertension) and GII (with pulmonary hypertension). Based on data obtained by transthoracic echocardiography. We considered as the absence of pulmonary hypertension: a pulmonary artery systolic pressure (sPAP) 40 mmHg associated with additional echocardiographic signs of PH. It was established as influence of pulmonary hypertension: the impossibility of extubation in the operating room, the increase in the time interval for extubation and reintubation the first 24 hours postoperatively. Univariate and multivariate analyzes were performed when necessary. Considered significant a P value 40 mmHg associada a sinais ecocardiográficos adicionais de hipertensão pulmonar. Foi estabelecida como influência da HP: a impossibilidade de extubação na sala cirúrgica, o aumento no intervalo de tempo para extubação e a necessidade de reintubação nas primeiras 24h de pós-operatório. Foram realizadas análises univariada e multivariada quando necessário. Foi considerado como significativo um valor de P

Made available in DSpace on 2022-04-29T07:13:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2013-12-01 The present study was carried out to evaluate the effect of statins associated with physical exercise (PE) in liver cells in dyslipidemic rats through cariometry. The animals were divided into six groups: animals subjected to a hypercholesterolemic diet (HD), simvastatin, with (G1) and without (G2) physical exercise (PE); HD submitted (G3) or not (G4) to PE, and commercial food diet (F) with (G5) and without (G6) PE. Histological analysis of the liver was performed by staining the slides with hematoxylin and eosin. The cariometric study included measuring the major and minor diameters of the hepatocytes nuclei. The Shapiro-Wilk test was also performed. To determine the differences among the groups, the Kruskal-Wallis Test with Dunn's post-test were conducted. The significance level was set at 5%. No difference was found in the hepatocytes nuclei between G5 and G6. When these groups were related with G3 and G4, reduced nuclei were observed. There was no difference between G1 and G6. The comparison between G6 and G2 showed that the nuclei in G2 were smaller. No difference was detected between G5 and G1. Changes were observed in the nuclei shape in G2 in comparison to G1. Considering G2 and G3, a decrease in the size of nuclei was observed in G3. On the other hand, G2 showed changes in shape in the comparative analysis with G4. The size and shape of G1 nuclei were larger than G3 as well as changes in shape were observed when compared to G4. G4 showed smaller nuclei than G3. Therefore, F, associated or not with the practice of PE, does not alter the size and shape of the hepatocytes nuclei; HD combined with sedentarism influences changes in the morphometric parameters of hepatocytes; and the association of simvastatin and PE seems to protect the hepatocytes nuclei with regard to HD. Department of Applied Physical Therapy Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro (UFTM), Uberaba/MG Department of Physical Therapy FCT/UNESP, Campus de Presidente Prudente, SP University Center of Educacional Fundation of Barretos (UNIFEB), Barretos/SP Department of Physical Therapy FCT/UNESP, Campus de Presidente Prudente, SP

Physical exercise and statins, recommended interventions to dyslipidaemia treatment, are independently related to cardiomyocytes alterations, characterized by miocardic hypertrophy and apoptosis, respectively. Thus, the objective of the present study was to analyze the effects of statin and aerobic physical exercise association in the morphometric parameters of cardiac cell nucleus. 40 male rats adults were divided into four groups: exercised (DE); sedentary (DS), exercised and statin use (DES); sedentary and statin use (DSS). The animals received during the whole experimental period a hiperlipidic diet added 20% of coconut oil and 1.25% of cholesterol; after 30 days of its ingestión, a blood collection was made to verify the dyslipidaemia. Simvastatin (20 mg) was taken five days a week, during eight weeks. During this period, the animals exercised 60 minutes daily in the treadmill. After the last day of the protocol, the cardiac muscle was collected and maintained in liquid nitrogen (-180°C); the cuts were stained by Hematoxilin-Eosin method, and the cardiac fibers were submitted to the nuclear morphometric analyses. The data were analyzed using descriptive analyses, paired T test, Kruskal-Wallis test and Dunn post hoc test; for all analyses, it was adopted p

JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: A combinação de fármacos, atuando por diferentes mecanismos de ação no corno dorsal da medula espinhal, acarreta diminuição da dor pós-operatória, com menor incidência de efeitos colaterais. O objetivo foi avaliar a analgesia e a sedação pós-operatórias causadas pela S(+) cetamina e S(+) cetamina-morfina associadas à ropivacaína, por via peridural, em colecistectomia por via subcostal. MÉTODO: Participaram do estudo 70 pacientes, de ambos os sexos, estado físico ASA I e II. Foram administradas por via peridural: ropivacaína a 0,75% associada ao cloreto de sódio a 0,9% no Grupo-controle (GC); ropivacaína a 0,75% associada à S(+) cetamina (0,5 mg.kg-1) no Grupo Cetamina (GK); ropivacaína a 0,75% associada à S(+) cetamina (0,5 mg.kg-1) e à morfina (2 mg) no Grupo Cetamina-Morfina2 (GKM2); ropivacaína a 0,75% associada à S(+) cetamina (0,5 mg.kg-1) e à morfina (3 mg) no Grupo Cetamina-Morfina3 (GKM3). A analgesia e a sedação foram observadas às duas, seis e 24 horas após o término do ato operatório. RESULTADOS: A sedação foi observada até duas horas após o término do ato operatório nos grupos GK, GKM2 e GKM3. A analgesia foi efetiva no GC até duas horas de pós-operatório, no GK nas duas e seis horas; nos GKM2 e GKM3, nas 2h, 6h e 24h. CONCLUSÕES: A S(+) cetamina e as associações S(+) cetamina-morfina promoveram sedação até duas horas após o término de ato operatório. A S(+) cetamina promoveu analgesia especialmente no momento de observação de duas horas e as associações S(+) cetamina-morfina promoveram analgesia sobretudo nos momentos de observação de 2h e 6h após o término do ato operatório. BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The association of drugs with different mechanisms of action in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord decreases postoperative pain, with a reduction in the incidence of side effects. The aim of this study was to evaluate postoperative analgesia and sedation by epidural S(+) ketamine and S(+) ketamine-morphine associated with ropivacaine in subcostal cholecystectomy. METHODS: Seventy patients of both genders, physical status ASA I and II, participated in this study. The following drugs were administered epidurally: 0.75% ropivacaine associated with 0.9% sodium chloride in the Control Group (CG); 0.75% ropivacaine associated with S(+) ketamine (0.5 mg.kg-1) in the Ketamine Group (KG); 0.75% ropivacaine associated with S(+) ketamine (0.5 mg.kg-1) and morphine (2 mg) in the Ketamine-Morphine Group2 (KMG2); 0.75% ropivacaine associated with S(+) ketamine (0.5 mg.kg-1) and morphine (3 mg) in the Ketamine-Morphine Group3 (KMG3). Analgesia and sedation were evaluated 2h, 6h, and 24h after the end of the surgery. RESULTS: Sedation was observed up to 2 hours after the end of the procedure in KG, KMG2, and KMG3. Analgesia was effective in CG up to 2 hours after the surgery, at 2h and 6h in KG, and at 2h, 6h, and 24h, in KMG2 and KMG3. CONCLUSIONS: S(+) ketamine and the associations S(+) ketamine-morphine promoted sedation up to 2h after the end of the surgical procedure. S(+) ketamine promoted analgesia especially at the moment of the 2h observation, and the associations of S(+) ketamine-morphine promoted analgesia especially at 2h and 6h after the surgery. JUSTIFICATIVA Y OBJETIVOS: La combinación de fármacos, actuando por diferentes mecanismos de acción en el cuerno dorsal de la médula espinal, acarrea una disminución del dolor postoperatorio, con una menor incidencia de los efectos colaterales. El objetivo fue el de evaluar la analgesia y la sedación postoperatorias causadas por la S(+) cetamina y S(+) cetamina-morfina asociadas a la ropivacaína, por vía peridural, en colecistectomía por vía subcostal. MÉTODO: Participaron del estudio 70 pacientes, de ambos sexos, estado físico ASA I y II. Se administraron por vía peridural: ropivacaína a 0,75% asociada al cloruro de sodio a 0,9% en el Grupo Control (GC); ropivacaína a 0,75% asociada a la S(+) cetamina (0,5 mg.kg-1) en el Grupo Cetamina (GK); ropivacaína a 0,75% asociada à S(+) cetamina (0,5 mg.kg-1) y a la morfina (2 mg) en el Grupo Cetamina-Morfina2 (GKM2); ropivacaína a 0,75% asociada a la S(+) cetamina (0,5 mg.kg-1) y a la morfina (3 mg) en el Grupo Cetamina-Morfina3 (GKM3). La analgesia y la sedación fueron observadas a las 2h, 6h y 24h después del término de la operación. RESULTADOS: La sedación fue observada en 2h después de la operación en los grupos GK, GKM2 y GKM3. La analgesia quedó efectiva en el GC en 2h después del postoperatorio, en el GK en la 2h y 6h; en los GKM2 y GKM3 en las 2h, 6h y 24h. CONCLUSIONES: La S(+) cetamina y las asociaciones S(+) cetamina-morfina promovieron sedación hasta 2 horas después del término de la operación. La S(+) cetamina promovió analgesia especialmente 2 en horas y las asociaciones S(+) cetamina-morfina promovieron analgesia principalmente en los momentos de observación de 2h y 6h después del término de la operación.

Submitted by Maria Medeiros (maria.dilva1@ufcg.edu.br) on 2018-08-17T13:19:35Z No. of bitstreams: 1 CARLOS EDUARDO PEREIRA - TESE (PPGEQ) 2017.pdf: 6340687 bytes, checksum: a5c8d06008238c03161add19b46e0a44 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-17T13:19:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 CARLOS EDUARDO PEREIRA - TESE (PPGEQ) 2017.pdf: 6340687 bytes, checksum: a5c8d06008238c03161add19b46e0a44 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-08-02 A peneira molecular MCM-41 é considerada promissora como suporte para os óxidos metálicos em processo de refino de petróleo, adsorventes e catalisadores. Os catalisadores heterogêneos apresentam grande potencial de viabilizar a produção de biodiesel através da reação de transesterificação. A síntese da peneira molecular MCM-41 foi realizada a partir da água deionizada, brometo de cetiltrimetilamônio, hidróxido de amônio, etanol e ortossilicato de tetraetila. O óxido de zircônia foi obtido pelo método sol-gel a partir do oxicloreto de zircônio com hidróxido de amônio à temperatura ambiente e ativado por calcinação a 550 e 700°C. Em seguida o óxido de zircônia ativado foi sulfatado, seco e calcinado a 400 °C. A zircônia sulfatada foi incorporada a peneira molecular MCM-41 por impregnação via úmida, com diferentes proporções mássicas (10, 20, 30, 40, 50%). Verifica-se que a partir das análises de difração de raio X a formação da peneira molecular MCM-41 confirmou a estrutura hexagonal e a fase mesoporosa. Observou-se formação das fases, tetragonal e monoclínica do óxido de zircônia. Através da espectroscopia de absorção na região do infravermelho com transformada de Fourier foi possível detectar picos referentes a presença de íons sulfatos bidentados ligado a superfície da zircônia. As propriedades texturais apresentaram estruturas com poros bimodais após o processo de incorporação da zircônia sulfatada. As micrografias do óxido de zircônia ativadas a 550 e 700 °C apresentaram tricas em sua superfície antes e após de incorporação da zircônia sulfatada. O potencial catalítico foi avaliado na reação transesterificação do óleo de soja por rota metílica. O catalisador com óxido de zircônia ativado a 700 °C e sulfatado e incorporado a peneira molecular com 40% (em peso) apresentou maior conversão de ésteres metílicos 83,8%. No entanto, esta conversão não especifica o óleo obtido como biodiesel de acordo com a norma da Agência Nacional de Petróleo, Gás Natural e Combustíveis. Assim como o índice de acidez. Porém os resultados de densidade e viscosidade estão de acordo com a especificação estabelecida pelas normas. The MCM-41 molecular sieve is considered promising as a support for the petroleum refining metal oxides, adsorbents and catalysts. Heterogeneous catalysts have great potential to make viable the production of biodiesel through the transesterification reaction. The synthesis of the MCM-41 molecular sieve was performed from deionized water, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTABr), ammonium hydroxide (NH4OH), ethanol and tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS). The zirconium oxide was obtained by the sol-gel method from zirconium oxychloride with ammonium hydroxide at room temperature, the material was activated at 550 and 700 °C, and thereafter, sulphated. The material was then activated using the calcination process at 550 and 700 ° C and sulfated. The sulfation process was carried out with a 0.5 mol.L-1 sulfuric acid solution and allowed to stand for 30 minutes, dried for 12 h at 120 ° C and calcined at 400 ° C. The process of incorporation of ZS into the MCM-41 molecular sieve was done using different mass proportions (10, 20, 30, 40 and 50%) in relation to the mass of the MCM-41 molecular sieve, by wet method. It was verified from the analyzes of X-ray diffraction, the adsorption of nitrogen (BET method) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) the crystalline and textural properties which confirmed the molecular sieve obtainment and the presence of the tetragonal and monoclinic phases of the sulfated zirconia in the mesoporous structure. The micrographs of activated zirconium oxide at 550 and 700 °C and sulphated showed dispersed particles with the presence of cracks on its surface, after the incorporation there were no modifications in the structure. The catalytic activity was evaluated by the transesterification reaction of the soybean oil via the methyl route, using all the catalysts which were synthesized. The results showed that the catalyst 50_ZS/MCM-41_550 °C showed a greater conversion of methyl esters of 81.4% with the predominant tetragonal phase. The catalyst with the zirconium oxide activated at 700 °C obtained a conversion of 83.8% to the 40_ZS/MCM-41_700 °C catalyst, with the predominant monoclinic phase. However, the ester content of the oil samples was below the value established by the National Agency of Petroleum, Natural Gas and Fuels (ANP). The density and kinematic viscosity of the catalysts under study X_ZS/MCM-41 were in the range of the established standard. The acidity index was above the specified values, confirmed by the high percentage of free fatty acids in the oil.

Submitted by Johnny Rodrigues (johnnyrodrigues@ufcg.edu.br) on 2018-12-27T15:22:08Z No. of bitstreams: 1 BIANCA VIANA DE SOUSA - TESE PPGEP 2009..pdf: 13953429 bytes, checksum: fabdc5dc0156bc4aca6c6c50ccb8b0c6 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2018-12-27T15:22:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 BIANCA VIANA DE SOUSA - TESE PPGEP 2009..pdf: 13953429 bytes, checksum: fabdc5dc0156bc4aca6c6c50ccb8b0c6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-02-16 Neste trabalho foram preparados a peneira molecular MCM-41 bem como os catalisadores Co/MCM-41, via impregnação úmida, com teores de (5%, 10%, 15% e 20% Co/MCM-41). Os catalisadores com 5% e 15% Co/MCM-41 foram avaliados na reação de Fischer-Tropsch durante um tempo de reação de 92 h, em duas temperaturas, 270 e 350 °C, pressão de 1 atm utilizando uma relação molar H2/CO = 2. A obtenção da peneira molecular mesoporosa, Si-MCM-41, pôde ser confirmada pelos difratogramas de raios-X. Verifica-se que após a calcinação todo o bromo (Br) foi removido indicando que o processo de calcinação conseguiu remover todo surfactante ocluído na estrutura mesoporosa. As análises de DRX e EDX indicaram que nos catalisadores da série Co/MCM-41, o cobalto encontrava-se na forma de Co302. Os padrões de difração mostraram que os processos de impregnação e calcinação causaram mudanças na estrutura apenas para o catalisador 10% Co/MCM-41. As curvas de ATD/TG mostraram que o nitrato de cobalto foi totalmente decomposto sobre a MCM-41. Os perfis de RTP dos catalisadores série Co/MCM-41 permitiram verificar a presença de picos distintos que pode ser causada pela dispersão do cobalto, o tamanho de partículas e a interação entre a MCM-41 e as espécies do óxido de cobalto. A partir das imagens obtidas por MEV foi possível analisar que os catalisadores da série Co/MCM-41 são constituídos de aglomerados e/ou agregados de pequenos cristais. As imagens obtidas por MET mostraram claramente a presença de partículas de cobalto na forma de metal bem dispersa para os catalisadores 5%, 15% e 20%, exceto para o catalisador 10%Co/MCM41. Os resultados obtidos a partir da síntese de Fischer-Tropsch pelos catalisadores 5% e 15% Co/MCM-41 apresentaram altas seletividades a hidrocarbonetos (C2-C4) de alto valor agregado. Estes catalisadores apresentaram limitações de difusão, portanto a seletividade a metano foi alta, enquanto que a seletividade a hidrocarbonetos na faixa C5+ foi baixa. In this work, molecular sieve MCM-41 was prepared as well as the Co/MCM-41 catalyst, via humid impregnation with concentrations of 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% Co/MCM-41. The catalysts with 5% and 15% Co/MCM-41 were evaluated in the reaction of Fischer-Tropsch during a reaction as long as 92 h, in the temperatures leveis of 270 and 350 °C, pressure of 1 atm, and using a molar ratio H2/CO = 2. The attainment of the mesoporous molecular sieve, Si-MCM41, was confirmed by the x-ray diffractogram. It was verified that after the calcination ali the bromine (Br) was removed indicating that the calcination process removed ali surfactant in the mesoporous structure. DRX and EDX analyses indicated that cobalt was found in the form of Co302 in the Co/MCM41 catalysts. The diffraction standards showed that the impregnation and calcination processes caused changes in the structure only for catalyst with 10% Co/MCM-41. The ATD/TG curves showed that cobalt nitrate was totally decomposed on the MCM-41. The RTP profiles of the Co/MCM-41 catalysts showed the presence of distinct peaks that could be caused by the dispersion of cobalt, the size of particles, and the interaction between the MCM-41 and the species of cobalt oxide. From the images of MEV, it was possible to observe that the Co/MCM-41 catalysts were composed by clusters of small crystals. The images obtained from MET showed clearly the presence of metal cobalt particles in a well dispersed form for catalysts with 5%, 15% and 20% Co/MCM41, except for the catalyst with 10% Co/MCM41. The results obtained from the synthesis of Fischer-Tropsch for catalysts with 5% and 15% Co/MCM41 presented high selectivity for commercially important hydrocarbons (C2-C4). These catalysts presented diffusion limitations, which gave high selectivity for methane gas, whereas for hydrocarbons in the C5+ range the selectivity was low