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Increased sensing and data collection in electric power systems from utility to minigrid to individual household scale are resulting in an explosion of data collection about users and providers of electricity services. In the push to expand energy access for poor communities, the collection, use, and curation of these data have historically taken a back seat to the goal of expanding energy access but are increasingly being recognized as important issues. We review the nascent literature on this topic, characterize current data management practices, and examine how expanding access to data and data sharing are likely to provide value and pose risks to key stakeholders: end users of electricity, microutilities, macroutilities, governments, development institutions, and researchers. We identify the key opportunities and tensions and provide recommendations for the design and implementation of new data-sharing practices and platforms. Our review and analysis suggest that although a common and open platform for sharing technical data can mitigate risks and enable efficiency, fewer benefits are likely to be realized from sharing detailed financial data. We also recommend codesigning practices with each stakeholder group, increasing legal protections for end users of electricity and using deep qualitative data in addition to quantitative metrics.

The increased penetration of uncertain and variable renewable energy presents various resource and operational electric grid challenges 1 . Micro-level (household and small commercial) demand-side grid flexibility could be a cost-effective strategy to integrate high penetrations of wind and solar energy, but literature and field deployments exploring the necessary information and communication technologies (ICTs) are scant. This paper presents an exploratory framework for enabling information driven grid flexibility through the Internet of Things (IoT), and a proof-of-concept wireless sensor gateway (FlexBox) to collect the necessary parameters for adequately monitoring and actuating the micro-level demand-side. In the summer of 2015, thirty sensor gateways were deployed in the city of Managua (Nicaragua) to develop a baseline for a near future small-scale demand response pilot implementation. FlexBox field data has begun shedding light on relationships between ambient temperature and load energy consumption, load and building envelope energy efficiency challenges, latency communication network challenges, and opportunities to engage existing demand-side user behavioral patterns. Information driven grid flexibility strategies present great opportunity to develop new technologies, system architectures, and implementation approaches that can easily scale across regions, incomes, and levels of development.

The increased penetration of uncertain and variable renewable energy presents various resource and operational electric grid challenges 1 . Micro-level (household and small commercial) demand-side grid flexibility could be a cost-effective strategy to integrate high penetrations of wind and solar energy, but literature and field deployments exploring the necessary information and communication technologies (ICTs) are scant. This paper presents an exploratory framework for enabling information driven grid flexibility through the Internet of Things (IoT), and a proof-of-concept wireless sensor gateway (FlexBox) to collect the necessary parameters for adequately monitoring and actuating the micro-level demand-side. In the summer of 2015, thirty sensor gateways were deployed in the city of Managua (Nicaragua) to develop a baseline for a near future small-scale demand response pilot implementation. FlexBox field data has begun shedding light on relationships between ambient temperature and load energy consumption, load and building envelope energy efficiency challenges, latency communication network challenges, and opportunities to engage existing demand-side user behavioral patterns. Information driven grid flexibility strategies present great opportunity to develop new technologies, system architectures, and implementation approaches that can easily scale across regions, incomes, and levels of development.

The United Nations' Millennium Development Goals, established in 2000, include the following: "Make available the benefits of new technologies-especially information and communications technologies." A majority of technology's benefits have been concentrated in industrialized nations and therefore limited to a fraction of the world's population. The authors believe that technology has a large role to play in developing regions, that "First World" technology to date has been a poor fit in these areas, and that developing regions thus need technology research. Despite the relative infancy of technology studies in developing regions, anecdotal evidence suggests that having access to technology has a beneficial economic impact.

This article reflects the collective thoughts of the 20 projects supported by the Archstone Foundation Elder Abuse and Neglect Initiative on offering a vision for improving the response system for elder abuse and, in turn, the lives of older adults between now and the year 2020. Five key areas were identified as critically important for advancing the field in the next ten years: (a) increased public awareness and shifting public attitudes, (b) improved identification and triage of cases, (c) increased integrated service models, (d) improved justice system response, and (e) leveraging and utilizing emerging and untapped resources. The lessons learned from the experiences of these 20 projects in California can serve as demonstration models for other communities to adopt, adapt, and improve response systems for elder abuse and neglect. KEYWORDS case identification, elder abuse, emerging resources, integrated service models, justice system response, public awareness DOI: 10.1080/08946566.2010.490193

The Archstone Foundation is a private grantmaking organization whose mission is to contribute toward the preparation of society in meeting the needs of an aging population. In 2006, the Archstone Foundation launched a 5-year $8 million Elder Abuse and Neglect Initiative (Initiative) with the goal of improving the quality and coordination of elder abuse and neglect services in the state of California. Lessons learned through the Initiative may serve to inform the field of elder abuse and the larger philanthropic community. KEYWORDS Archstone Foundation history, Elder Abuse and Neglect Initiative, funding categories, initiative design, lessons for funders, private foundation DOI: 10.1080/08946566.2010.490108

Presents a study which examined the use of consolidation and deformation techniques to produce magnetically anisotropic permanent magnets from melt-spun Pr[suby]Co[sub100-y-x]C[subx] alloys. Overview of the primary phase in the magnets; Observations during deformation; Way that each ingot was melt spun.

Presents an analysis of neodymium-iron-boron die-upset magnets and the results of optimizing composition and processing for high remanences and energy products. Magnetic properties of the die-upset magnets; Discussion on high remanence; Information on coercivity; Details of how to maximize energy product.

Presents a study which determined the crystallographic alignment quality of anisotropic magnetic materials made from die-upset Nd[sub2]Fe[sub14]B (MQ-III) materials using a phenomenological analysis of x-ray diffraction spectra. Characteristics of magnequench (MQ) materials; Materials and methods; Result of the x-ray diffraction spectrum of randomly oriented MQ-III powder.

Presents information on a study which optimized the room temperature magnetic properties of hot-worked Pr[sub 2]Fe[sub 14] B magnets produced from melt-spun ribbons. Assessment on the microstructure of die-upset magnets; Methodology of the study; Results and discussion.

Endothelin-1 (ET-1) is elevated in chronic heart failure (CHF). In this study, we determined the effects of chronic ET-1 blockade on renal sympathetic nerve activity (RSNA) in conscious rabbits with pacing-induced CHF. Rabbits were chronically paced at 320-340 beats/min for 3-4 wk until clinical and hemodynamic signs of CHF were present. Resting RSNA and arterial baroreflex control of RSNA were determined. Responses were determined before and after the ET-1 antagonist L-754,142 (a combined [ET.sub.A] and [ET.sub.B] receptor antagonist, n = 5) was administered by osmotic minipump infusion (0.5 mg [multiplied by] [kg.sup.-1].[h.sup.-1] for 48 h). In addition, five rabbits with CHF were treated with the specific [ET.sub.A] receptor antagonist BQ-123. Baseline RSNA (expressed as a percentage of the maximum nerve activity during sodium nitroprusside infusion) was significantly higher (58.3 [+ or -] 4.9 vs. 27.0 [+ or -] 1.0, P [is less than] 0.001), whereas baroreflex sensitivity was significantly lower in rabbits with CHF compared with control (3.09 [+ or -] 0.19 vs. 6.04 [+ or -] 0.73, P [is less than] 0.001). L-754,142 caused a time-dependent reduction in arterial pressure and RSNA in rabbits with CHF. In addition, BQ-123 caused a reduction in resting RSNA. For both compounds, RSNA returned to near control levels 24 h after removal of the minipump. These data suggest that ET-1 contributes to sympathoexcitation in the CHF state. Enhancement of arterial baroreflex sensitivity may further contribute to sympathoinhibition after ET-1 blockade in heart failure. baroreflex; ET receptors; autonomic nervous system; myocardial dysfunction; neurohormones