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Saving electricity in an induction motor can be done by compensating for reactive power so that the power factor can be increased. The purpose of this study was to determine the characteristics of the MERS as a reactive power compensator in an induction motor. The method used is designing a reactive power compensator using a magnetic energy recovery switch. Before designing a reactive power compensator, simulation is used as a reference in the design of the reactive power compensator. The result of the application of MERS as a reactive power compensator is to increase the power factor to 0.75 from the previous 0.70. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Energy Independent Village (EIV) is a village where the community can meet more than 60% of electricity and fuel needs from energy sources generated through the utilization of the potential of local resources both to meet energy needs and productive activities. Biogas technology from the results of cow manure processing is very simple, so it is very easy to be adopted and implemented by the community who own cattle. All breeders and farmers in the village of Karangjoho, Klaten, Indonesia have not optimized the processing of livestock manure at all. So far, most of the manure waste that has been collected and dumped into the river, even though the number of cattle farmers in Karangjoho village there are approximately 100 people with an average number of cattle 2-5 cows per person. The processing of livestock waste, especially cattle, needs to be optimized as an alternative energy source in the form of biogas for stove fuel and fuel for biogas power plants. The results of the biogas reactor design were built with a volume capacity of 6 m3. The volume capacity of the gas produced is 2/3 of the total capacity of the digester or 4 m3. With a volume of 4 m3, 3-5 households/day can be used for biogas stoves. When used for conversion into electrical energy to 3000-3500 Watthour/day. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Electrical energy produced by photovoltaic technology varies depending on the intensity of sunlight, so we need a treatment to regulate it. There are 2 methods used to operate solar panels at their maximum power point, namely the dynamic method and the static method. One static method is the MPPT method with constant voltage. Boost converter and microcontroller are used to set the algorithm. The use of a boost converter to increase the working voltage of the PV to suit the needs of the load is used. Lead-acid batteries have a certain temperature sensitivity. Voltage output settings are set using the duty cycle, to obtain a stable charging voltage. By testing of charging a 24V 36 Ah battery for 12 hours. With an average charging current of 0.3 A, it is able to charge from 22.16 V to 23.23 V or increases of 1.07 V using open controls. In closed temperature control over voltage, the charging current averages 0.3 A, the battery SoC increases from 22.23 V to 23.27 V or increase of 1.05 Volts. In each test, the battery SoC increases by 1 V or 4% of the battery capacity. The effect of battery charging temperature on this study was small, both in closed control and open control. The increase in temperature between open control and closed control is about 1-2,5 °C and the increase does not touch the maximum limit value of 35 °C. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The increasing of electricity needs are the same with high consumption of fossil energy used as fuel for production in Indonesia. As a solution, the new and renewable energy can be a new thing to prevent the problem of dependence on fossil fuels. Through the use of renewable energy, the problem is that renewable energy is very dependent on nature, which can lead to an unstable electricity supply and requiring a small construction site. Therefore, the development of various new renewable energy sources is a way to solve the problems. The use of floating photovoltaic technology can solve the problem of land use planning. This study aims to design a hybrid generator with the addition of floating PV technology, perform an economic analysis and calculate the value of the payback period. The scenario with PV and Wind Turbine composition with an NPC value of Rp, 32,372,170,000, COE value of Rp,1,224 / kWh and payback period of 18 years and 6 months. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Electrical energy is the key in the development of human civilization, it causes an increase in electricity production using fossil fuels. This causes the emergence of the need for commissioning Solar PV plants in large scale. The large scale of the project has the problem of land requirement needed for the project that not always available. Installing the Solar PV plants on water bodies like oceans, lake, and reservoir can be an interesting option. Floating type solar panel can have a numerous advantages, one of them are the increase in power yield while also lowering the working temperature of the solar panel. Test carried to measure the influence of floating method by measuring the performance of the solar panel. The data shows that by using this method there has been an increase in power yield by 30.54%. However in regard of temperature, an increase of 6.42% occurred at the time of testing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Demand for electricity is increasing rapidly, the consequence of this is a threat to the stability of the electrical system, one of which is the voltage stability. FACTS or flexible alternating current transmission system is an electronic equipment capable of regulating electrical power transmission that can be used to overcome stability problems. This research will analyze the use of SVC and STATCOM as an equipment model from FACTS to overcome the stability of the electric power system on the most critical buses. Simulations were carried out using PSAT using case studies: a 500 kV Java-Bali network. Then the stability of the voltage is observed using the help of the PV curve which can show the value of the voltage conditions in each operating condition. SVC installation in the Java-Bali 500 kV case does not reduce the active power losses or reactive power, but also the addition of length λ is 0.233 p.u. (6.01%) and compared to the addition of length λ at STATCOM of 0.149 p.u. (3.85%). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this research, the design of close loop BLDC motor speed control was designed with several simulation test conditions and also discuss the differences of boost converter with Fuzzy control and boost converter without Fuzzy control. The BLDC motor specifications used in this research are 3 phase, constant voltage is 80 V_peak L-L / krpm and the moment of inertia is 0.000553 J (kgm2). The specifications of the solar were Canadian CS5T 130M with a maximum power = 129W. The test results on the boost converter without using Fuzzy controls have fluctuating voltages. Whereas when using PID controls, the output voltage is stable and the voltage is ± 100 V. In simulation, PID control circuits have THD values amounting to 3.12%, which corresponds to the standards specified by IEEE for voltages below 1 kV = <5%. The simulation test results with several conditions have made a difference in the results of the motor speed response. Based on the results of the simulation test, it is known that the speed control with the PID control circuit has better results compared to the open loop circuit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The demand for electricity is increasing rapidly, a consequence of this is the threat to the stability of the electrical system, one of which is the stability of the voltage. Voltage instability causes the system voltage to collapse, which causes the system voltage to decrease. System voltage which decreases during maximum loading will cause blackouts. One way to overcome the voltage instability can be by using the power flow method (PF) and the Sustainable Power Flow Method (CPF). Performing PF and CPF methods will provide a clear picture of the existing power system network structure. In experiments conducted using the Java-Bali 500 kV electrical system showed that total active power generation was valued at 12,144 p.u. and total reactive power generation valued at 5,268 p.u. While the total active power load is worth 12,058 p.u. and the total reactive power load is 4.65 p.u. And get the four most critical buses or the most vulnerable to voltage instability on the Tasik Malaya, Mandarincan, Ungaran, and Pedan buses. On the Pedan bus, the most critical bus ride compared to other buses can be related to the length between buses to and to the Pedan bus which is very long which can increase profit and loss on the transmission line. These losses can replace the power supply at the load past the set critical point. And can also produce reactive power generated on the pedan bus is very small while the required amount is very large. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In visible light communication (VLC) systems, it is mandatory to control both data transmission and lighting. Modulation technique such as pulse position modulation (PPM), is used to resolve dimming control and flicker mitigation. This work presents a novel modulator architecture based on Overlapping PPM (OPPM) technique using a circular shift register. The proposed architecture can control data transmission and dimming. From the synthesis result, it is shown that the proposed design has simpler area compared to conventional ROM-based OPPM architectureIt is also shown that proposed architecture has half times incremental order compared to conventional ROM-based OPPM architecture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Indonesian Electronic Identity Card (e-KTP) become a source of information for its owner identity which has a lot of use in administrative purpose. The biodata segment of e-KTP consisted of multiple lines, each of the lines is unique in terms of length and wide which is become a problem in digitizing data using Optical Character Recognition (OCR). Therefore, line segmentation algorithm must be applied, this research proposed the line segmentation algorithm using rectangular cropping and Tesseract OCR. First, the algorithm cropped the owner biodata and the line indicator. There are three line indicators, which are below the ‘alamat’,’tempat/tanggal lahir’ and ‘nama’ area. Then, OCR reads all of the cropped area. If the line indicator value is blank, then those segment known has two lines. The OCR result is converted into an array which is separated by lines. The algorithm exercised into four different conditions which are, e-KTP with two lines of address; two lines of date and place of birth; two lines of name; and one lines for every segment. Result of the applied algorithm manage to reach 85% from 30 samples. Failure in line segmentation is caused by a threshold value that is not optimal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The general problem of operational power transformer was appearing in both thermal and electrical failure. Most of the power transformer usually used insulator oil that was functioning as cooler and to dissolve its hazardous gas in order not to circulate independently. Identifying type and number of gas concentration, which was dissolved in oil could provide information about the indication of failure that occurs in the transformer. Method for identifying and analyzing dissolved gas in the oil was called dissolved gas analysis (DGA). Procedure for oil sampling of testing DGA with a method of Morgan Schaffer was using syringe. In the use of syringe, after taking oil sample into syringe and then syringe was extracted to separate components of dissolved gas. Utilizing syringe in the process of extraction was not maximal since it had to be manually done the process of extraction for each syringe. In this research, it was done in making automatic syringe shaker, which could do an extraction of transformer oil to extract dissolved gas in the transformer oil automatically. This research would also determine the time and speed variable to obtain optimizing syringe shaker. This instrument used a dc motor as a driving source. Based on data, which was obtained, the percentage of extraction level that was obtained with using automatic syringe shaker transformer oil was smaller compared with the manual process and it had an error level of 0.124%. The timer test result of the length of extraction time showed that an error percentage of approximately 0.004%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The 2DOF face tracking system consists of two servo motors (pan and tilt) and a camera. Both are integrated with each other and are tasked with accurately tracking each facial movement. The high performance of the system depends on the desired specifications, that is the servo can move smoothly according to facial movements. Therefore it is necessary to design an appropriate servo control method. This paper presents the Linear Quadratic Controller (LQG) control method that is simulated to the servos. The design steps include system modeling, LQG control design, and simulation. The LQG control method is one of the optimal control methods, so this paper also discusses the basic principles of optimal control design. The output of the paper can be a reference in the implementation of the servo control system that will be connected with a face tracking control system. The simulation results show that the pan system produces a system response with a rise time of 0.8614 ms and 0% overshoot. While on the tilt system, the system response with rising time is 0.951067 ms and overshoot is 0%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Water pollution in developing countries continues increase every year, almost every river as one of water sources have been polluted from low to high levels. Polluted river water unconsciously used by agricultural business actors as an irrigation source for their agricultural land which indirectly causes damage for yielding and planting media. In order to find out the quality of irrigation water used, a minimum parameter of quality of irrigation water is needed, namely pH, TDS, and temperature. The parameter value is sent to smartphone via Bluetooth connection and can also be accessed through the website because the device can be connected to the internet. The parameter data can be stored in graph files or tables. This device successfully measures pH, TDS, and irrigation water temperature accurately with an accuracy rate of + 5% with an optimal distance of 7 meters with Bluetooth connection and with a 720 mAh battery, this device can be used continuously for 2 hours in full working condition. Energy usage when device is fully work are 1.09 watts. This device can continuously monitor the quality of irrigation water used, so agricultural entrepreneurs can control the water used for irrigation sources better. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The development of nanotechnology increased since the discovery of C60 in 1985. Due to its great potential the methods of synthesis nanomaterials are growing significantly compared with other methods i.e., laser ablation, arc discharge, etc. Arc discharge in fliud which is simple and cheap method produced high purity carbon nanoparticles with a few defect and high flexiblity. This study presents electrical properties measurement of arc discharge process using the high purity graphite (99,9% carbon) submerged in deionized water. Monitoring of current and voltage is required to understand electrodes gap and power consumption of arc discharge process. The current monitoring sensor device was made using Hall-based current sensor, while voltage value was measured directly between two electrodes in the real time. The current and voltage values were measured and analized by varying the current from the arc source i.e., 10, 20, 40, 70 and 100 A. As a results, increasing the current level and electrode gap affect in increasing power consumption of the arc discharge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The rapid growth of renewable energy sources and the demise of fossil fuels are causing rapid growth of battery application. The lifespan of battery is expected to be long and it is affected by battery charging and discharging. When charging battery, the charger must consider battery type, voltage and temperature. Smart programmable power supply is implemented as battery charger which has flexibility to adjust different parameter such as battery type, nominal voltage, current limit and temperature limit. The smart power supply is reconfigurable by virtual instrument software in personal computer (PC). The smart power supply has voltage range 1.4 to 22 V with 0.1 V resolution and maximum current 2 A with 0.1 A resolution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Multiple users are served simultaneously in MIMO system, it potentially triggers an MUI. Precoding schemes are developed to suppress interference. By suppressing the interference that means it is increasing the performance of MIMI system in term of BER, sum rate and CDF. This work compares three precoding schemes including MMSE TH, MMSE BD, and ZF BD. Based on numerical results, the MMSE TH outperforms than the MMSE BD and ZF BD precoding schemes. At specific BER 10-3, The MMSE TH requires 6.6 dB of SNR, it is the lowest value than the MMSE BD and ZF BD. In addition, maximum CDF (probability sum-rate is 100 %) of the MMSE TH is reached at 6 bps/Hz, the MMSE BD is 4 bps/Hz and the ZF BD is 3 bps/Hz, respectively. Although, the MMSE TH precoding has higher computational complexity but it can suppress effectively the MUI thus increasing the performance of MU MIMO system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]