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A revision of Gastrocopta from the Galápagos Islands (Ecuador) is made. Four new species from Pinzón, Santa Cruz and Floreana Islands are described; species previously known are redescribed and new locations are added. Gastrocopta (Gastrocopta) reibischi is revalidated through new records from Floreana, Isabela and San Bartolomé Islands. Shell shape and the number, morphology and disposition of the apertural barriers support the discrimination of the taxa. The species have cylindrical to pupoid shells; the number of apertural barriers – differentiated as lamellae, folds and nodulae – varies between 4 and 11, almost completely occluding the aperture in the more complex cases. These structures are: angular-parietal, infraparietal, supracolumellar, columellar, subcolumellar lamellae, and supernumerary, basal, infrapalatal, lower-palatal, interpalatal, upper-palatal and suprapalatal folds. In addition to this classic scheme, a supernumerary fold and a nodule are added. Calcareous concretions – pustulae – are found in several species, mainly located in the peristome. The aulacognathous jaw and radular dentition formulae of Gastrocopta (Gastrocopta) clausa and Gastrocopta (Gastrocopta) munita, are described and photographed for the first time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Reflect on the contribution of the Nursing laboratory for the nurse's critical training and able to respond to the health needs of the population. Method: Anchored in Critical Pedagogy, in Paulo Freire, the nursing laboratory will be treated as a scenario/device that favors the pedagogical situation, mediates the learning teaching process and contributes to the training of subjects committed to the transformation of the social reality. Results: The Nursing laboratory should be a space for reflection, (re) creation and (re) invention of the Nursing practice, favoring the construction of new ways of doing this, that reflect reality and the needs generated by it. Conclusion: The Nursing laboratory, as a scenario/essential device for the training of nurses, needs to be seen in a critical perspective, of overcoming conservative hegemonic practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: It is widely accepted that genomic instability is associated with several mechanisms involving oxidative stress, which can increase the rate of DNA breaks. Such factors include smoking, impairments in body composition, an unhealthy lifestyle, and a hereditary history of cancer. The aim was to evaluate the degree of association of genomic instability in smokers and non-smokers, and how the risk could change depending on the lifestyle and other causes. For this purpose, a survey of tobacco consumption, dietary patterns, physical activity, antecedents of cancer, and body composition assessment was carried out. Genomic instability was evaluated through a single-cell gel electrophoresis using peripheral blood mononuclear cells in three different conditions of oxidative stress. The analysis of genomic damage degree was performed through a dimension reduction procedure (principal component analysis) from 16 parameters per treatment (adding up 48 parameters of genomic damage per subject) and a binary logistic regression model for DNA fragmentation risk. Results: The sample consisted of 82 participants, divided into three age groups: young adults (18–35 years), adults (36–59 years), and older adults (60–95 years). As expected, the results showed a significant positive correlation of age with genomic damage rates, represented by 2 PCA groups (p = 0.027, p = 0.004). There were consistent significant positive associations of genomic damage rates with smoking index and three PCA groups (p = 0.007, p = 0.004, p = 0.009). The smoking status and age group analysis revealed that there were significant differences for adult smokers with the same aforementioned PCA groups (p = 0.002, p = 0.001, p = 0.010). In addition, higher DNA damage rates were found in subjects with incorrect diet patterns, long sitting hours, and previous exposure to radiation. The analysis with binary logistic regression displayed two models in which lifestyles (age, diet, and/or sedentarism) did not change the significance of smoking index for DNA fragmentation risk; however, when physical activity was present in the model, the smoking index was not a significant factor for DNA damage risk. Conclusions: Although it is well known that smoking affects human health in different ways, DNA fragmentation can be analyzed by a damage phenotypic analysis and integrate a risk analysis reshaped by diet and lifestyle in general. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To analyze the perception of primary health care nurses about their academic formation to act with the elderly. Methodology: Qualitative, descriptive and exploratory research, conducted in a North-eastern capital, from April to May 2017. With 10 nurses. For data collection, it was utilized semi-structured interview, and for the analysis, was performed through content analysis. Results: The results pointed to a formation with emphasis on the disease and non-specificity of care for the elderly, however, change tests were observed from the insertion of the students in the health services. Conclusion: It was evidenced a deficit in the nurses formation to work with elderly in primary health care, identifying unpreparedness and insecurity to care for this population in its entirety, since the experiences in formation were directed to the disease. There was a difference between the formation of study participants and the current academic formation regarding to the thematic area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A global evaluation of wastewaters should include ecotoxicological tests to complement the chemical characterization, with advantages especially in the case of complex wastewaters. A European project developed in Trancão River Basin (Portugal), integrated the ecotoxicological and physicochemical studies of wastewater samples from two municipal sewer networks and respective wastewater treatment plants. Wastewater samples were analysed for physicochemical parameters, ecotoxicological acute and chronic tests performed and the potential for endocrine disruption evaluated. Organic load parameters and total suspended solids showed significant correlations with Microtox and ThamnoToxKit test results. Data analysis showed that treated treatment plant effluent samples are associated with less organic contamination and less toxicity in ThamnoToxKit test. Chronic toxicity test and endocrine disruption assay of treatment plant effluent samples indicated that, in a long term, potential population effects could arise in the receiving waters. A test battery to monitor this type of wastewaters is proposed, including tests with a bacterium, an alga and a crustacean. In a screening phase the most sensitive test, Microtox, can be used. The use of an ecotoxicological approach can have added value to hazard and risk assessment of discharges to the receiving waters and can contribute to the environmental management of the treatment plant. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]